Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies
-
0:01 - 0:04A year ago, we were invited
by the Swiss Embassy in Berlin -
0:04 - 0:06to present our art projects.
-
0:07 - 0:11We are used to invitations,
but this invitation really thrilled us. -
0:12 - 0:14The Swiss Embassy in Berlin is special.
-
0:14 - 0:17It is the only old building
in the government district -
0:17 - 0:20that was not destroyed
during the Second World War, -
0:20 - 0:23and it sits right next
to the Federal Chancellery. -
0:24 - 0:28No one is closer to Chancellor Merkel
than the Swiss diplomats. -
0:28 - 0:30(Laughter)
-
0:31 - 0:34The government district in Berlin
also contains the Reichstag -- -
0:34 - 0:37Germany's parliament --
and the Brandenburg Gate, -
0:37 - 0:40and right next to the gate
there are other embassies, -
0:40 - 0:44in particular the US
and the British Embassy. -
0:45 - 0:48Although Germany is an advanced democracy,
-
0:48 - 0:51citizens are limited
in their constitutional rights -
0:51 - 0:52in its government district.
-
0:52 - 0:57The right of assembly and the right
to demonstrate are restricted there. -
0:58 - 1:01And this is interesting
from an artistic point of view. -
1:01 - 1:06The opportunities to exercise
participation and to express oneself -
1:06 - 1:08are always bound to a certain order
-
1:08 - 1:12and always subject
to a specific regulation. -
1:12 - 1:17With an awareness of the dependencies
of these regulations, -
1:17 - 1:19we can gain a new perspective.
-
1:19 - 1:24The given terms and conditions
shape our perception, our actions -
1:24 - 1:26and our lives.
-
1:26 - 1:29And this is crucial in another context.
-
1:29 - 1:31Over the last couple of years,
-
1:31 - 1:35we learned that from the roofs
of the US and the British Embassy, -
1:35 - 1:40the secret services have been listening
to the entire district, -
1:40 - 1:43including the mobile phone
of Angela Merkel. -
1:43 - 1:48The antennas of the British GCHQ are
hidden in a white cylindrical radome, -
1:48 - 1:51while the listening post
of the American NSA -
1:51 - 1:54is covered by radio transparent screens.
-
1:55 - 1:58But how to address these hidden
and disguised forces? -
1:59 - 2:01With my colleague, Christoph Wachter,
-
2:01 - 2:04we accepted the invitation
of the Swiss Embassy. -
2:05 - 2:09And we used this opportunity
to exploit the specific situation. -
2:11 - 2:14If people are spying on us,
it stands to reason -
2:14 - 2:16that they have to listen
to what we are saying. -
2:16 - 2:20(Laughter)
-
2:20 - 2:24On the roof of the Swiss Embassy,
we installed a series of antennas. -
2:27 - 2:31They weren't as sophisticated as those
used by the Americans and the British. -
2:31 - 2:32(Laughter)
-
2:32 - 2:34They were makeshift can antennas,
-
2:34 - 2:37not camouflaged but totally
obvious and visible. -
2:38 - 2:41The Academy of Arts joined the project,
-
2:41 - 2:45and so we built another
large antenna on their rooftop, -
2:45 - 2:49exactly between the listening posts
of the NSA and the GCHQ. -
2:49 - 2:50(Laughter)
-
2:50 - 2:55Never have we been observed in such detail
while building an art installation. -
2:55 - 2:58A helicopter circled over our heads
-
2:58 - 3:01with a camera registering
each and every move we made, -
3:01 - 3:04and on the roof of the US Embassy,
security officers patrolled. -
3:05 - 3:11Although the government district
is governed by a strict police order, -
3:11 - 3:15there are no specific laws
relating to digital communication. -
3:16 - 3:19Our installation
was therefore perfectly legal, -
3:19 - 3:22and the Swiss Ambassador
informed Chancellor Merkel about it. -
3:23 - 3:26We named the project "Can You Hear Me?"
-
3:26 - 3:28(Laughter)
-
3:29 - 3:33The antennas created an open
and free Wi-Fi communication network -
3:33 - 3:36in which anyone who wanted to
would be able to participate -
3:36 - 3:39using any Wi-Fi-enabled device
without any hindrance, -
3:39 - 3:41and be able to send messages
-
3:41 - 3:45to those listening on the frequencies
that were being intercepted. -
3:47 - 3:49Text messages, voice chat, file sharing --
-
3:49 - 3:52anything could be sent anonymously.
-
3:53 - 3:55And people did communicate.
-
3:55 - 3:58Over 15,000 messages were sent.
-
3:58 - 4:00Here are some examples.
-
4:01 - 4:06"Hello world, hello Berlin,
hello NSA, hello GCHQ." -
4:07 - 4:11"NSA Agents, Do the Right Thing!
Blow the whistle!" -
4:13 - 4:17"This is the NSA. In God we trust.
All others we track!!!!!" -
4:17 - 4:19(Laughter)
-
4:20 - 4:24"#@nonymous is watching #NSA #GCHQ -
we are part of your organizations. -
4:24 - 4:26# expect us. We will #shutdown"
-
4:27 - 4:31"This is the NSA's Achilles heel.
Open Networks." -
4:31 - 4:36"Agents, what twisted story of yourself
will you tell your grandchildren?" -
4:36 - 4:41"@NSA My neighbors are noisy.
Please send a drone strike." -
4:41 - 4:43(Laughter)
-
4:45 - 4:47"Make Love, Not cyberwar."
-
4:48 - 4:50We invited the embassies
and the government departments -
4:50 - 4:53to participate in the open network, too,
-
4:53 - 4:55and to our surprise, they did.
-
4:55 - 4:58Files appeared on the network,
including classified documents -
4:58 - 5:01leaked from the parliamentary
investigation commission, -
5:01 - 5:04which highlights that the free exchange
and discussion of vital information -
5:04 - 5:09is starting to become difficult,
even for members of a parliament. -
5:10 - 5:13We also organized guided tours
to experience and sound out -
5:13 - 5:15the power constellations on-site.
-
5:15 - 5:19The tours visited the restricted zones
around the embassies, -
5:19 - 5:23and we discussed the potential
and the highlights of communication. -
5:24 - 5:28If we become aware of the constellation,
-
5:29 - 5:31the terms and conditions of communication,
-
5:31 - 5:34it not only broadens our horizon,
-
5:34 - 5:38it allows us to look behind
the regulations that limit our worldview, -
5:38 - 5:42our specific social, political
or aesthetic conventions. -
5:42 - 5:44Let's look at an actual example.
-
5:45 - 5:48The fate of people living
in the makeshift settlements -
5:48 - 5:50on the outskirts of Paris
-
5:50 - 5:52is hidden and faded from view.
-
5:53 - 5:55It's a vicious circle.
-
5:55 - 5:59It's not poverty, not racism,
not exclusion that are new. -
5:59 - 6:02What is new is how
these realities are hidden -
6:02 - 6:04and how people are made invisible
-
6:04 - 6:08in an age of global and overwhelming
communication and exchange. -
6:09 - 6:11Such makeshift settlements
are considered illegal, -
6:11 - 6:15and therefore those living in them
don't have a chance -
6:15 - 6:17of making their voices heard.
-
6:17 - 6:22On the contrary, every time they appear,
every time they risk becoming visible, -
6:22 - 6:25merely gives grounds
for further persecution, -
6:25 - 6:27expulsion and suppression.
-
6:27 - 6:32What interested us was how we could
come to know this hidden side. -
6:32 - 6:35We were searching for an interface
and we found one. -
6:35 - 6:40It's not a digital interface,
but a physical one: it's a hotel. -
6:40 - 6:42We named the project "Hotel Gelem."
-
6:43 - 6:47Together with Roma families,
we created several Hotel Gelems in Europe, -
6:47 - 6:50for example, in Freiburg in Germany,
in Montreuil near Paris, -
6:50 - 6:51and also in the Balkans.
-
6:51 - 6:53These are real hotels.
-
6:53 - 6:54People can stay there.
-
6:54 - 6:56But they aren't a commercial enterprise.
-
6:56 - 6:58They are a symbol.
-
6:59 - 7:02You can go online and ask
for a personal invitation -
7:02 - 7:07to come and live for a few days
in the Hotel Gelem, in their homes, -
7:07 - 7:10eating, working and living
with the Roma families. -
7:11 - 7:14Here, the Roma families
are not the travelers; -
7:14 - 7:15the visitors are.
-
7:16 - 7:19Here, the Roma families
are not a minority; -
7:19 - 7:20the visitors are.
-
7:22 - 7:26The point is not to make judgments,
-
7:26 - 7:29but rather to find out
about the context that determines -
7:29 - 7:32these disparate and seemingly
insurmountable contradictions. -
7:32 - 7:35In the world of globalization,
-
7:35 - 7:37the continents are drifting
closer to each other. -
7:37 - 7:40Cultures, goods and people
are in permanent exchange, -
7:40 - 7:43but at the same time, the gap
between the world of the privileged -
7:43 - 7:46and the world of the excluded is growing.
-
7:48 - 7:49We were recently in Australia.
-
7:49 - 7:52For us, it was no problem
to enter the country. -
7:52 - 7:55We have European passports,
visas and air tickets. -
7:55 - 7:59But asylum seekers who arrive
by boat in Australia -
7:59 - 8:01are deported or taken to prison.
-
8:01 - 8:03The interception of the boats
-
8:03 - 8:06and the disappearance of the people
into the detention system -
8:06 - 8:09are veiled by the Australian authorities.
-
8:09 - 8:13These procedures are declared
to be secret military operations. -
8:14 - 8:17After dramatic escapes
from crisis zones and war zones, -
8:17 - 8:21men, women and children
are detained by Australia without trial, -
8:21 - 8:23sometimes for years.
-
8:25 - 8:27During our stay, however,
-
8:27 - 8:31we managed to reach out and work
with asylum seekers who were imprisoned, -
8:31 - 8:34despite strict screening and isolation.
-
8:34 - 8:38From these contexts was born
an installation in the art space -
8:38 - 8:41of the Queensland University
of Technology in Brisbane. -
8:43 - 8:46On the face of it,
it was a very simple installation. -
8:46 - 8:50On the floor, a stylized compass
gave the direction -
8:50 - 8:52to each immigration detention center,
-
8:52 - 8:56accompanied by the distance
and the name of the immigration facility. -
8:56 - 9:00But the exhibition step
came in the form of connectivity. -
9:01 - 9:04Above every floor marking,
there was a headset. -
9:04 - 9:09Visitors were offered the opportunity
to talk directly to a refugee -
9:09 - 9:11who was or had been imprisoned
-
9:11 - 9:13in a specific detention facility
-
9:14 - 9:16and engage in a personal conversation.
-
9:17 - 9:20In the protected context
of the art exhibition, -
9:20 - 9:22asylum seekers felt free
to talk about themselves, -
9:22 - 9:26their story and their situation,
without fear of consequences. -
9:27 - 9:30Visitors immersed themselves
in long conversations -
9:30 - 9:33about families torn apart,
about dramatic escapes from war zones, -
9:34 - 9:35about suicide attempts,
-
9:35 - 9:38about the fate of children in detention.
-
9:39 - 9:41Emotions ran deep. Many wept.
-
9:41 - 9:43Several revisited the exhibition.
-
9:43 - 9:45It was a powerful experience.
-
9:46 - 9:51Europe is now facing a stream of migrants.
-
9:51 - 9:55The situation for the asylum seekers
is made worse by contradictory policies -
9:55 - 9:59and the temptation
of militarized responses. -
9:59 - 10:02We have also established
communication systems -
10:02 - 10:05in remote refugee centers
in Switzerland and Greece. -
10:06 - 10:09They are all about providing
basic information -- weather forecasts, -
10:09 - 10:11legal information, guidance.
-
10:11 - 10:13But they are significant.
-
10:13 - 10:15Information on the Internet
-
10:15 - 10:17that could ensure survival
along dangerous routes -
10:17 - 10:19is being censored,
-
10:19 - 10:23and the provision of such information
is becoming increasingly criminalized. -
10:25 - 10:28This brings us back to our network
and to the antennas -
10:28 - 10:30on the roof of the Swiss Embassy in Berlin
-
10:30 - 10:32and the "Can You Hear Me?" project.
-
10:33 - 10:36We should not take it for granted
to be boundlessly connected. -
10:36 - 10:38We should start making
our own connections, -
10:38 - 10:43fighting for this idea of an equal
and globally interconnected world. -
10:43 - 10:45This is essential to overcome
our speechlessness -
10:45 - 10:48and the separation provoked
by rival political forces. -
10:49 - 10:52It is only in truly exposing ourselves
-
10:52 - 10:55to the transformative power
of this experience -
10:55 - 10:58that we can overcome
prejudice and exclusion. -
10:58 - 10:59Thank you.
-
10:59 - 11:05(Applause)
-
11:05 - 11:07Bruno Giussani: Thank you, Mathias.
-
11:07 - 11:09The other half of your
artistic duo is also here. -
11:09 - 11:11Christoph Wachter, come onstage.
-
11:11 - 11:16(Applause)
-
11:16 - 11:17First, tell me just a detail:
-
11:17 - 11:19the name of the hotel
is not a random name. -
11:19 - 11:23Gelem means something specific
in the Roma language. -
11:23 - 11:28Mathias Jud: Yes, "Gelem, Gelem"
is the title of the Romani hymn, -
11:28 - 11:30the official, and it means
"I went a long way." -
11:31 - 11:33BG: That's just to add
the detail to your talk. -
11:33 - 11:36But you two traveled
to the island of Lesbos -
11:36 - 11:39very recently, you're just back
a couple of days ago, -
11:39 - 11:41in Greece, where thousands
of refugees are arriving -
11:41 - 11:43and have been arriving
over the last few months. -
11:43 - 11:46What did you see there
and what did you do there? -
11:46 - 11:50Christoph Wachter: Well, Lesbos is one
of the Greek islands close to Turkey, -
11:50 - 11:51and during our stay,
-
11:51 - 11:57many asylum seekers arrived by boat
on overcrowded dinghies, -
11:57 - 12:00and after landing, they were left
completely on their own. -
12:00 - 12:04They are denied many services.
-
12:04 - 12:07For example, they are not allowed
to buy a bus ticket -
12:07 - 12:08or to rent a hotel room,
-
12:08 - 12:13so many families literally
sleep in the streets. -
12:13 - 12:17And we installed networks there
to allow basic communication, -
12:17 - 12:19because I think, I believe,
-
12:19 - 12:25it's not only that we have to speak
about the refugees, -
12:25 - 12:28I think we need to start talking to them.
-
12:29 - 12:32And by doing so, we can realize
that it is about human beings, -
12:32 - 12:35about their lives
and their struggle to survive. -
12:35 - 12:37BG: And allow them to talk as well.
-
12:37 - 12:39Christoph, thank you for coming to TED.
-
12:39 - 12:42Mathias, thank you for coming to TED
and sharing your story. -
12:42 - 12:44(Applause)
- Title:
- Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies
- Speaker:
- Mathias Jud
- Description:
-
In 2013, the world learned that the NSA and its UK equivalent, GCHQ, routinely spied on the German government. Amid the outrage, artists Mathias Jud and Christoph Wachter thought: Well, if they're listening ... let's talk to them. With antennas mounted on the roof of the Swiss Embassy in Berlin's government district, they set up an open network that let the world send messages to US and UK spies listening nearby. It's one of three bold, often funny, and frankly subversive works detailed in this talk, which questions the world's growing discontent with surveillance and closed networks.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 12:56
Brian Greene commented on English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Retired user commented on English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene approved English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art that lets you talk back to NSA spies |
Retired user
10:08 Isn't it "weather forecast" instead of "medical cost"?
Brian Greene
This transcript was updated on 9/27.
In the subtitle beginning at 10:05, "medical costs" was changed to "weather forecasts."