-
A year ago, we were invited
by the Swiss embassy in Berlin
-
to present our art projects.
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We are used to invitations,
but this invitation really thrilled us.
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The Swiss embassy in Berlin is special.
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It is the only old building
in the government district
-
that was not destroyed
during the Second World War,
-
and it sits right next
to the Federal Chancellery.
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No one is closer to Chancellor Merkel
than the Swiss diplomats.
-
(Laughter)
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The government district in Berlin
also contains the Reichstag --
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Germany's parliament --
and the Brandenburg Gate,
-
and right next to the gate
there are other embassies,
-
in particular the U.S.
and the British embassy.
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Although Germany
is an advanced democracy,
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citizens are limited
in their constitutional rights
-
in its government district.
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The right of assembly and the right
to demonstrate are restricted there.
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And this is interesting
from an artistic point of view.
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The opportunities to exercise
participation and to express oneself
-
are always bound to a certain order
-
and always subject
to a specific regulation.
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With an awareness
of the dependencies of these regulations,
-
we can gain a new perspective.
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The given terms and conditions
shape our perception, our actions,
-
and our lives.
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And this is crucial in another context.
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Over the last couple of years,
-
we learned that from the roofs
of the U.S. and the British embassy,
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the secret services have been listening
to the entire district,
-
including the mobile phone
of Angela Merkel.
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The antennas of the British GCHQ
are hidden in the white cylindrical ??.
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By the listening post of the American NSA
is covered by radio transparent screens.
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But how to address these hidden
and disguised forces?
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With my colleague Christoph Wachter,
-
we accepted the invitation
of the Swiss embassy,
-
and we used this opportunity
to exploit the specific situation.
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If people are spying on us,
it stands to reason
-
that they have to listen
to what we are saying.
-
(Laughter)
-
On the roof of the Swiss embassy,
we installed a series of antennas.
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They weren't as sophisticated as those
used by the Americans and the British.
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They were makeshift ????? antennas,
not camouflaged but totally obvious
-
and visible.
-
The Academy of Arts joined the project,
-
and so we built another large antenna
on their rooftop
-
exactly between the listening posts
of the NSA and the GCHQ.
-
(Laughter)
-
Never have we been observed in such detail
while building an art installation.
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A helicopter circled over our heads
-
with a camera registering
each and every move we made,
-
and on the roof of the U.S. embassy,
security officers patrolled.
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Although the government district
-
is governed by a strict police order,
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there are no specific laws
relating to digital communication.
-
Our installation
was therefore perfectly legal,
-
and the Swiss Ambassador
informed Chancellor Merkel about it.
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We named the project
"Can You Hear Me?"
-
(Laughter)
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The antennas created an open
and free wifi communication network
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in which anyone who wanted to
would be able to participate
-
using any wifi-enabled device
without any hindrance,
-
and be able to send messages
to those listening
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on the frequencies
that were being intercepted.
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Text messages, voice chat, file sharing:
-
anything could be sent anonymously.
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And people did communicate.
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Over 15,000 messages were sent.
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Here are some examples.
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"Hello world, hello Berlin,
hello NSA, hello GCHQ."
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"NSA Agents, Do the Right Thing!
Blow the whistle!"
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"This is the NSA. In God we trust.
All others we track!!!!!"
-
(Laughter)
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"#@nonymous is watching #NSA #GCHQ -
we are part of our organizations.
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#expect us. We will #shutdown"
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"This is the NSA's Achilles heel.
Open Networks."
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"Agents, what twisted story of yourself
will you tell your grandchildren?"
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"@NSA My neighbors are noisy.
Please send a drone strike."
-
(Laughter)
-
"Make Love, Not cyberwar."
-
We invited the embassies
and the government departments
-
to participate in the open network too,
-
and to our surprise, they did.
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Files appeared on the network,
including classified documents
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leaked from the parliamentary
investigation commission,
-
which highlights that the free exchange
and discussion of vital information
-
is starting to become difficult,
even for members of our parliament.
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We also organized guided tours
to experience and sound out
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the power constellations on site.
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The tours visited the restricted zones
around the embassies,
-
and we discussed the potential
and the highlights of communication.
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If we become aware of the constellation,
-
the terms and conditions of communication,
-
it not only broadens our horizon,
-
it allows us to look behind
the regulations that limit our worldview,
-
our specific, social, political,
or aesthetic conventions.
-
Let's look at an actual example.
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The fate of people living
in the makeshift settlements
-
on the outskirts of Paris
is hidden and faded from view.
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It's a vicious circle.
-
It's not poverty, not racism,
not exclusion that are new.
-
What is new is how
these realities are hidden
-
and how people are made invisible
in an age of actually global
-
and overwhelming
communication and exchange.
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Such makeshift settlements
are considered illegal,
-
and therefore those living in them
-
don't have a chance
of making their voices heard.
-
On the contrary, every time they appear,
every time they risk becoming visible,
-
merely gives grounds
for further persecution,
-
expulsion, and suppression.
-
What interested us is how we could
come to know this hidden side.
-
We were searching for an interface,
and we found one.
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It's not a digital interface,
but a physical one: it's a hotel.
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We named the project Hotel Gelem.
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Together with Roma families,
we created several Hotel Gelems in Europe,
-
for example in Freiburg in Germany,
in Montreuil near Paris,
-
and also in the Balkans.
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These are real hotels.
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People can stay there.
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But they aren't a commercial enterprise.
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They are a symbol.
-
You can go online
-
and ask for a personal invitation
to come and live for a few days
-
in the Hotel Gelem, in their homes.
-
eating, working, and living
with the Roma families.
-
Here, the Roma families
are not the travelers,
-
the visitors are.
-
Here, the Roma families
are not a minority,
-
the visitors are.
-
The point is not to make judgments
-
but rather to find out about the context
that determines these disparate
-
and seemingly insurmountable
contradictions.
-
In the world of globalization,
-
the continents are drifting
closer to each other.
-
Cultures, goods, and people
are in permanent exchange,
-
but at the same time, the gap
between the world of the privileged
-
and the world of the excluded is growing.
-
We were recently in Australia.
-
For us, it was no problem
to enter the country.
-
We have European passports,
visas, and air tickets.
-
But asylum seekers who arrive
by boat in Australia
-
are deported or taken to prison.
-
The interception of the boats
-
and the disappearance of the people
into the detention system
-
are veiled by the Australian authorities.
-
These procedures are declared
to be secret military operations.
-
After dramatic escapes
from crisis zones and war zones,
-
men, women, and children
are detained by Australia without trial,
-
sometimes for years.
-
During our stay, however,
-
we managed to reach out and work
with asylum seekers who were imprisoned,
-
despite strict screening and isolation.
-
From these contexts was born
an installation in the art space
-
of the Queensland University
of Technology in Brisbane.
-
On the face of it,
it was a very simple installation.
-
On the floor, a stylized compass
gave the direction
-
to each immigration detention center,
-
accompanied by the distance
and the name of the immigration facility.
-
But the exhibition step
came in the form of connectivity.
-
Above every floor marking,
there was a headset.
-
Visitors were offered the opportunity
to talk directly to a refugee
-
who was or had been imprisoned
-
in a specific detention facility
-
and engage in a personal conversation.
-
In the protected context
of the art exhibition,
-
asylum seekers felt free
to talk about themselves,
-
their story, and their situation
without fear of consequences.
-
Visitors immersed themselves
in long conversations
-
about families torn apart,
about dramatic escapes from war zones,
-
about suicide attempts,
-
about the fate of children in detention.
-
Emotions ran deep. Many wept.
-
Several revisited the exhibition.
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It was a powerful experience.
-
Europe is now facing a stream of migrants.
-
The situation for the asylum seekers
is made worse by contradictory policies
-
and the temptation
of militarized responses.
-
We have established
communication systems also
-
in remote refugee centers
in Switzerland and Greece.
-
They are all about providing
basic information --
-
medical costs,
legal information, guidance --
-
but they are significant.
-
Information on the Internet
that could ensure survival
-
along dangerous routes is being censored,
-
and the provision of such information
is becoming increasingly criminalized.
-
This brings us back to our network
and to the antennas
-
on the roof of the Swiss embassy in Berlin
-
and the "Can You Hear Me?" project.
-
We should not take it for granted
to be boundlessly connected.
-
We should start making
our own connections,
-
fighting for this idea of an equal
and globally interconnected world.
-
This is essential to overcome
our speechlessness
-
and the separation provoked
by rival political forces.
-
It is only in truly exposing ourselves
-
to the transformative power
of this experience
-
that we can overcome prejudice
and exclusion.
-
Thank you.
-
(Applause)
-
Moderator: Thank you Mathias.
-
The other half of your
artistic duo is also here.
-
Christoph Wachter, come on stage.
-
(Applause)
-
First tell me just a detail:
-
the name of the hotel
is not a random name.
-
Gelem means something specific
in the Roma language.
-
Mathias Jud: Yes, "Gelem Gelem"
is the title of the Romany hymn,
-
the official, and it means
"I went a long way."
-
Moderator: That's just to add
the detail to your talk,
-
but you two traveled to the island
of Lesbos very recently --
-
you're just back a couple of days ago --
-
in Greece, where thousands of refugees
are arriving and have been arriving
-
over the last few months.
-
What did you see there
and what did you do there?
-
Christoph Wachter: Well, Lesbos is one
of the Greek islands close to Turkey,
-
and during our stay, many asylum seekers
arrived by boat on overcrowded dinghies,
-
and after landing, they were left
completely on their own.
-
They are denied many services.
-
For example, they are not allowed to buy
a bus ticket or to rent a hotel room,
-
so many families literally
sleep in the streets.
-
And we installed networks there
to allow basic communication,
-
because I think, I believe,
-
it's not only that we have to speak
about the refugees.
-
I think we need to start talking to them,
-
and by doing so, we can realize
that it is about human beings,
-
about their lives
and their struggle to survive.
-
Moderator: And allow them to talk as well.
-
Christoph, thank you for coming to TED.
-
Mathias, thank you for coming to TED
and sharing your story.
-
(Applause)
Retired user
10:08 Isn't it "weather forecast" instead of "medical cost"?
Brian Greene
This transcript was updated on 9/27.
In the subtitle beginning at 10:05, "medical costs" was changed to "weather forecasts."