Photographing the complexities of the world | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis
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0:09 - 0:15I chose a profession that allows me
to go places you can't go. -
0:15 - 0:18I am a photojournalist.
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0:18 - 0:20My job is also sometimes to show you
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0:20 - 0:24things you don't want to see.
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0:24 - 0:29Ironically, my job is
to show you the gray areas. -
0:29 - 0:33For me, it all started
in Afghanistan in 2004. -
0:33 - 0:38I showed up very biased,
full of preconceived ideas, -
0:38 - 0:41and honestly, that worked well for me.
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0:41 - 0:46The next year, I got caught
in a suicide bombing. -
0:46 - 0:50Miraculously I came out uninjured,
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0:50 - 0:53but I got a tough reality check.
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0:54 - 0:59In 2006 I was embedded with U.S. soldiers.
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0:59 - 1:01I didn't know them,
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1:01 - 1:04but I couldn't stand them, I hated them.
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1:04 - 1:10For me they were brutes
who were mistreating the Afghans. -
1:10 - 1:13Stuck there together, we waited.
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1:13 - 1:16We waited for something to happen,
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1:16 - 1:21and eventually, I started
to think they were nice, funny, -
1:21 - 1:24I started to become attached to them.
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1:24 - 1:29But one evening Mike, at only 19,
burst out laughing and told me: -
1:29 - 1:33"Once I fired a missile at a guy.
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1:33 - 1:35I thought he was a member of the Taliban.
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1:35 - 1:38He turned into a flaming torch
and ran around like a crazy chicken." -
1:38 - 1:41Everyone laughed,
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1:41 - 1:45but it didn't make me laugh.
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1:45 - 1:49Yet, I came to realize that with time,
war dehumanizes the enemy -
1:49 - 1:53and makes the person
on the other mean nothing. -
1:53 - 1:58And yet, I met that person
on the other side. -
1:59 - 2:04Eric de la Varenne, Claire Billet, and I
were the first westerners -
2:04 - 2:06to meet members of the Taliban.
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2:06 - 2:10Claire and I had to wear our burkas.
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2:10 - 2:13Here's my secret to make
the fenced-in vision more bearable, -
2:13 - 2:15I have a little trick.
-
2:15 - 2:19I crank my iPod up the whole way
with Madonna's "Like a virgin." -
2:19 - 2:22That's my little revenge.
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2:22 - 2:25After a long road traveled in silence
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2:25 - 2:28and in sweltering heat,
-
2:28 - 2:34finally, there they were,
it was really them. -
2:34 - 2:36The young soldiers come towards us
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2:36 - 2:40and welcome us with cakes and juice,
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2:40 - 2:43and then start taking selfies
with us and laughing. -
2:43 - 2:47They used their limited
supply of English words, -
2:47 - 2:50we all ended up relaxing,
and all of a sudden -
2:50 - 2:53(Music)
-
2:53 - 2:56one of their ringtones.
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2:56 - 2:57(Laughter)
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2:57 - 3:00These were the Taliban?
-
3:00 - 3:03In reality, I was most shocked
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3:03 - 3:09by the things the young American GIs
and the young insurgents had in common. -
3:09 - 3:16So I made a choice that may be offensive
or unsettling, but that I find relevant -
3:16 - 3:19to highlight the similarities
of these enemies, -
3:19 - 3:24even though these enemies
don't think of each other as people. -
3:24 - 3:31But it's a war,
and in a war, there are victims. -
3:31 - 3:33August 18, 2008,
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3:33 - 3:38ten French soldiers and their fixer
were killed in an ambush in Uzbin. -
3:38 - 3:43I was sent to cover the Afghan side.
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3:43 - 3:46Experience has taught me
that after every attack, -
3:46 - 3:49there is an air strike retaliation.
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3:49 - 3:53Three villages near where
the ambush took place were bombed. -
3:53 - 3:58There were casualties,
civilian casualties. -
4:00 - 4:05I had to go to the site, but the zone
was controlled by the Taliban, -
4:05 - 4:09so I had to request their permission.
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4:09 - 4:10And it starts all over again:
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4:11 - 4:14a burka, a long road, an escort,
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4:14 - 4:18and anxiety, I'm scared.
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4:18 - 4:21And all of a sudden, there are
silhouettes descending the hill. -
4:21 - 4:23It's them.
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4:24 - 4:28I explain my plan to the leader,
but he refuses. -
4:28 - 4:34I insist, and then I notice
that one of them -
4:34 - 4:37is carrying a weapon
that seems really modern. -
4:37 - 4:39I ask him what it is.
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4:39 - 4:45He replies that it's one of the weapons
taken from the body of a slain soldier. -
4:47 - 4:49In fact, without knowing it,
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4:49 - 4:55I had come face to face with
the insurgents responsible for the ambush. -
4:58 - 5:02So, for taking the photos you just saw,
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5:02 - 5:04I received death threats.
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5:04 - 5:07My parents received terrible letters,
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5:07 - 5:10and they even lost friends.
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5:10 - 5:15I was accused of having paid
the Taliban 50,000 euros -
5:15 - 5:18which of course is stupid
and completely unrealistic. -
5:18 - 5:23For one thing, for ethical reasons
we never pay the people we photograph. -
5:23 - 5:28Secondly, our reporters never walk around
with that much money on them. -
5:28 - 5:32I have also been accused
of spreading their propaganda. -
5:32 - 5:35On that point, let's be clear.
-
5:35 - 5:39Whenever a group,
whether it's the Taliban or even the army, -
5:39 - 5:42decides to give a journalist
some of their time, -
5:42 - 5:45you can be sure they have
a message to get across. -
5:45 - 5:48I have also been accused
of being unpatriotic -
5:48 - 5:51or of betraying my country.
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5:51 - 5:56Why? Because I dared
to show the enemy's face? -
5:56 - 6:00Well, I don't believe I disrespected
the lives of the fallen soldiers, -
6:00 - 6:04although I understand that it
could be difficult for their families, -
6:04 - 6:06yet some parents thanked me
-
6:06 - 6:10because they were longing
for the truth even if it hurt. -
6:11 - 6:14In no way do I seek to justify
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6:14 - 6:17the horrible acts
committed by the Taliban. -
6:17 - 6:20I just want to give you
as much information as I can -
6:20 - 6:24so you can have the facts
to come to your own conclusions. -
6:25 - 6:28It's true it would be simpler
-
6:28 - 6:31if everyone in the world
was either a good guy or a bad guy, -
6:31 - 6:35but this is war, and in war,
that's rarely the case. -
6:35 - 6:38War is neither black nor white,
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6:38 - 6:41it's dirty, it's gray.
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6:42 - 6:47In fact, I've seen these gray areas
in many other countries. -
6:47 - 6:51In particular in the Niger delta,
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6:51 - 6:53an area ruined by oil.
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6:53 - 6:57Nothing grows there,
and there's nothing to fish. -
6:57 - 7:02Meanwhile, the local rulers
fill their pockets. -
7:02 - 7:07That's when MEND came along: the Movement
for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta. -
7:07 - 7:12They hide out in the mangrove swamp,
and their thing is kidnapping, -
7:12 - 7:17attacking oil rigs, and controlling
the black market for oil. -
7:19 - 7:23Both Manon Quérouil,
the journalist I work with, and I -
7:23 - 7:27really wanted to meet Ateke,
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7:27 - 7:30one of the big leaders of these
modern day so-called Robin Hoods. -
7:30 - 7:34So, as you can see, the Robin Hood
we ended up meeting -
7:34 - 7:38was short, chubby, and uninspiring.
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7:39 - 7:44He welcomed us sprawled out on his sofa
with a lukewarm bottle of Veuve Clicquot. -
7:45 - 7:49In fact, for some time now,
things are much easier for them -
7:49 - 7:52because they are paid directly
by the oil companies -
7:52 - 7:54so they won't attack them.
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7:54 - 7:59So they have lots of cash,
and they're just bored. -
7:59 - 8:02Girls from the area, drawn by
the goose with the golden eggs, -
8:02 - 8:04come to entertain these men.
-
8:04 - 8:10Incidentally, this little chubby man
fell for my friend. -
8:10 - 8:12I had to be the big sister,
and explain to him -
8:12 - 8:15that in France we get married
before we sleep together. -
8:15 - 8:17Well, he seemed a little doubtful,
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8:17 - 8:20but he finally accepted
to send us back to town -
8:20 - 8:22so we could have a girls' shopping trip.
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8:22 - 8:26Needless to say, Ateke is still
waiting for his runaway fiancee. -
8:28 - 8:32Ateke, who was
long public enemy number one, -
8:32 - 8:37today is a close friend
of the new president, Jonathan Goodluck, -
8:37 - 8:41and, apparently, one
of the country's wealthiest men. -
8:41 - 8:46So in fact these Robin Hoods,
are just regular thugs? -
8:47 - 8:52Black and white is for fairy tales,
real life comes in color. -
8:52 - 8:56It's more troubling, more complicated,
but it's more interesting. -
8:57 - 9:02And Nigeria is very familiar
with these complex situations. -
9:02 - 9:08I was able to see this again working
on a report in the north on Boko Haram. -
9:09 - 9:13Manon and I were not able to meet them,
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9:13 - 9:17but we came to realize
that Boko Haram's roots -
9:17 - 9:22were much more complex
and much older than they seemed. -
9:22 - 9:27In fact, for over ten years now,
a real war is being waged -
9:27 - 9:31between the Nigerian army
and Boko Haram. -
9:31 - 9:35And it's a war without mercy;
an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. -
9:35 - 9:40The Nigerian army burns madrassas,
Boko Haram burns schools. -
9:40 - 9:43The Nigerian army abducts
women and children -
9:43 - 9:46suspected to have ties
with members of the sect, -
9:46 - 9:49Boko Haram abducts young girls.
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9:50 - 9:52The truth is that the north of the country
-
9:52 - 9:56was completely abandoned
by the government in the south. -
9:56 - 10:01The northerners, left to their
own defenses, naturally, became resentful. -
10:01 - 10:06Boko Haram took advantage
of this resentment to draw in the youth; -
10:06 - 10:11and the near criminal behavior
of this corrupt army -
10:11 - 10:16led to a series of abominations
each one more tragic than the last, -
10:16 - 10:20until, as we all remember,
the abduction of 219 high school girls -
10:20 - 10:24that finally managed to get our attention.
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10:24 - 10:29So, let us be clear:
nothing we were able to discover -
10:29 - 10:34justified the abduction
and enslavement of young girls. -
10:34 - 10:38Seeking out the enemy
does not mean defending them, -
10:38 - 10:44and I do not want to become a spokesperson
for the Taliban, MEND, or Boko Haram. -
10:44 - 10:49I am in no way trying to justify
or defend their revolting actions, -
10:49 - 10:52I just want to allow you
to understand them better, -
10:52 - 10:57so you might have the knowledge,
to think in an informed manner. -
10:57 - 10:59Because I believe that sometimes,
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10:59 - 11:04knowing more, understanding better,
helps in finding the solution, -
11:04 - 11:07and that many errors
could have been avoided -
11:07 - 11:10with a better understanding
of the people and the territory. -
11:10 - 11:14So we clearly see that black
and white doesn't work -
11:14 - 11:20because in Afghanistan, the youth fighting
on both sides are not that different. -
11:21 - 11:26Because MEND and other Robin Hoods
are thugs like any other, -
11:26 - 11:31because the roots of Boko Haram
are very complex. -
11:31 - 11:36So, it's true that black and white
is nicer, it's more elegant, -
11:36 - 11:39but it's simplistic,
and most of all, it's false. -
11:39 - 11:45Color is not an absolute, it's
more blurred, but it's closer to reality. -
11:45 - 11:49So I want to continue
to introduce you to these insurgents, -
11:49 - 11:52these revolutionaries, these terrorists,
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11:52 - 11:57so that you can come
to informed conclusions. -
11:59 - 12:03That is why we reporters are there,
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12:03 - 12:06and sometimes risk our lives.
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12:06 - 12:09We go where you cannot go,
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12:09 - 12:13show you what, sometimes,
you don't want to see. -
12:13 - 12:17You have a right to know
the truth, so demand it. -
12:17 - 12:19(Applause)
- Title:
- Photographing the complexities of the world | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis
- Description:
-
This talk was given at a local TEDx event, produced independently of the TED conferences.
From Afghanistan to the Niger Delta, Véronique de Viguerie has closely studied theaters of conflict around the world in order to understand their complexities. From her perspective, the world cannot be seen in black and white. - Video Language:
- French
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDxTalks
- Duration:
- 12:25
Denise RQ approved English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis | ||
Denise RQ edited English subtitles for Photographier la complexité du monde | Véronique de Viguerie | TEDxParis |