Grit: The power of passion and perseverance
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0:01 - 0:03When I was 27 years old,
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0:03 - 0:06I left a very demanding job in management consulting
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0:06 - 0:11for a job that was even more demanding: teaching.
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0:11 - 0:14I went to teach seventh graders math
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0:14 - 0:16in the New York City public schools.
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0:16 - 0:19And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests.
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0:19 - 0:21I gave out homework assignments.
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0:21 - 0:24When the work came back, I calculated grades.
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0:24 - 0:29What struck me was that I.Q. was not the only difference
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0:29 - 0:33between my best and my worst students.
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0:33 - 0:35Some of my strongest performers
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0:35 - 0:38did not have stratospheric I.Q. scores.
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0:38 - 0:42Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
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0:42 - 0:44And that got me thinking.
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0:44 - 0:47The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh grade math,
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0:47 - 0:51sure, they're hard: ratios, decimals,
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0:51 - 0:52the area of a parallelogram.
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0:52 - 0:55But these concepts are not impossible,
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0:55 - 0:59and I was firmly convinced that every one of my students
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0:59 - 1:02could learn the material
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1:02 - 1:05if they worked hard and long enough.
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1:05 - 1:07After several more years of teaching,
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1:07 - 1:11I came to the conclusion that what we need in education
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1:11 - 1:14is a much better understanding of students and learning
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1:14 - 1:17from a motivational perspective,
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1:17 - 1:20from a psychological perspective.
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1:20 - 1:24In education, the one thing we know how to measure best
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1:24 - 1:30is I.Q., but what if doing well in school and in life
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1:30 - 1:32depends on much more
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1:32 - 1:36than your ability to learn quickly and easily?
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1:36 - 1:38So I left the classroom,
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1:38 - 1:42and I went to graduate school to become a psychologist.
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1:42 - 1:44I started studying kids and adults
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1:44 - 1:47in all kinds of super challenging settings,
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1:47 - 1:49and in every study my question was,
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1:49 - 1:52who is successful here and why?
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1:52 - 1:56My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy.
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1:56 - 1:58We tried to predict which cadets
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1:58 - 2:02would stay in military training and which would drop out.
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2:02 - 2:04We went to the National Spelling Bee
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2:04 - 2:07and tried to predict which children would advance
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2:07 - 2:10farthest in competition.
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2:10 - 2:11We studied rookie teachers
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2:11 - 2:15working in really tough neighborhoods, asking
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2:15 - 2:17which teachers are still going to be here in teaching
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2:17 - 2:19by the end of the school year,
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2:19 - 2:22and of those, who will be the most effective
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2:22 - 2:25at improving learning outcomes for their students?
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2:25 - 2:28We partnered with private companies, asking,
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2:28 - 2:30which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs?
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2:30 - 2:33And who's going to earn the most money?
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2:33 - 2:35In all those very different contexts,
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2:35 - 2:38one characteristic emerged
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2:38 - 2:40as a significant predictor of success.
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2:40 - 2:43And it wasn't social intelligence.
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2:43 - 2:48It wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't I.Q.
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2:48 - 2:50It was grit.
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2:50 - 2:55Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.
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2:55 - 2:57Grit is having stamina.
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2:57 - 3:01Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out,
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3:01 - 3:05not just for the week, not just for the month,
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3:05 - 3:08but for years, and working really hard
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3:08 - 3:11to make that future a reality.
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3:11 - 3:16Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
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3:16 - 3:19A few years ago, I started studying grit
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3:19 - 3:21in the Chicago public schools.
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3:21 - 3:23I asked thousands of high school juniors
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3:23 - 3:25to take grit questionnaires,
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3:25 - 3:27and then waited around more than a year
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3:27 - 3:29to see who would graduate.
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3:29 - 3:32Turns out that grittier kids
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3:32 - 3:35were significantly more likely to graduate,
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3:35 - 3:39even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure,
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3:39 - 3:41things like family income,
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3:41 - 3:44standardized achievement test scores,
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3:44 - 3:47even how safe kids felt when they were at school.
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3:47 - 3:50So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee
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3:50 - 3:53that grit matters. It's also in school,
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3:53 - 3:57especially for kids at risk for dropping out.
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3:57 - 4:00To me, the most shocking thing about grit
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4:00 - 4:02is how little we know,
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4:02 - 4:05how little science knows, about building it.
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4:05 - 4:07Every day, parents and teachers ask me,
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4:07 - 4:09"How do I build grit in kids?
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4:09 - 4:13What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic?
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4:13 - 4:16How do I keep them motivated for the long run?"
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4:16 - 4:20The honest answer is, I don't know. (Laughter)
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4:20 - 4:23What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty.
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4:23 - 4:26Our data show very clearly
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4:26 - 4:28that there are many talented individuals
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4:28 - 4:32who simply do not follow through on their commitments.
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4:32 - 4:36In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated
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4:36 - 4:40or even inversely related to measures of talent.
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4:40 - 4:44So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids
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4:44 - 4:47is something called "growth mindset."
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4:47 - 4:50This is an idea developed at Stanford University
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4:50 - 4:53by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief
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4:53 - 4:56that the ability to learn is not fixed,
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4:56 - 4:59that it can change with your effort.
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4:59 - 5:02Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn
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5:02 - 5:06about the brain and how it changes and grows
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5:06 - 5:07in response to challenge,
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5:07 - 5:11they're much more likely to persevere when they fail,
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5:11 - 5:14because they don't believe that failure
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5:14 - 5:17is a permanent condition.
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5:17 - 5:21So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit.
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5:21 - 5:23But we need more.
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5:23 - 5:24And that's where I'm going to end my remarks,
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5:24 - 5:26because that's where we are.
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5:26 - 5:28That's the work that stands before us.
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5:28 - 5:32We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions,
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5:32 - 5:34and we need to test them.
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5:34 - 5:37We need to measure whether we've been successful,
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5:37 - 5:41and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong,
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5:41 - 5:44to start over again with lessons learned.
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5:44 - 5:47In other words, we need to be gritty
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5:47 - 5:50about getting our kids grittier.
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5:50 - 5:51Thank you.
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5:51 - 5:56(Applause)
- Title:
- Grit: The power of passion and perseverance
- Speaker:
- Angela Lee Duckworth
- Description:
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Leaving a high-flying job in consulting, Angela Lee Duckworth took a job teaching math to seventh graders in a New York public school. She quickly realized that IQ wasn’t the only thing separating the successful students from those who struggled. Here, she explains her theory of “grit” as a predictor of success.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 06:12
Brian Greene commented on English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Camille Martínez edited English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Krystian Aparta commented on English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Krystian Aparta edited English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Krystian Aparta edited English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Thu-Huong Ha edited English subtitles for The key to success? Grit | ||
Thu-Huong Ha approved English subtitles for The key to success? Grit |
Krystian Aparta
The English transcript was updated on 3/19/2015.
Brian Greene
The headline for this talk was changed on May 31, 2016.
The new headline is: Grit: The power of passion and perseverance