Discovery - Can maths combat terrorism? 22 Dec 14
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Not Synced(Male announcer) Thank you for downloading from the BBC.
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Not SyncedFor details of our complete range of podcasts and our Terms of Use,
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Not Syncedgo to bbcworldservice.com/podcasts .
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Not Synced(Female announcer) Governments worldwide battle to control and contain terrorism.
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Not SyncedPolice and the courts struggle to separate harmless loners from dangerous lone wolves.
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Not SyncedOpinions differ on the most effective way to combat terrorist attacks,
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Not Syncedfrom military interventions on the ground, to curbing political and religious radicalisation.
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Not SyncedBut in this edition of Discovery, we'll be hearing about a more unusual new weapon
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Not Syncedthat might be used in the future to fight terrorism:
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Not Syncedmaths (1:00)
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Not Synced(A) We were looking at the data in a new way, we were
using tools that were somewhat foreign, -
Not Synced(A) these were tools that came out of physics
and complex systems, not tools that necessarily came out of the political science community. -
Not Synced(A) And we were saying things that were kind of weird.
-
Not Synced(B) One thinks of terrorism as something very random,
something so strange that it must be done in a very
chaotic way. -
Not Synced(B) But of course, in the end, it is an activity, it's a
human activity, so it's quite interesting then that the
patterns that you seen in the events are not random. -
Not Synced(A) For terrorism, that had somewhat shocking implications.
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Not Synced(A)If you understand the frequencies of the small
events, you can extrapolate, -
Not Synced(A) and then make a forecast out into the future,
about what the probability should be -
Not Synced(A) for a very large event.
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Not Synced(HF) So, could maths predict the next 9/11?
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Not Synced(HF) You're listening to the BBC World Service, and today
on Discovery, I'll be looking at the hidden mathematical
pattern that is being discovered in global terrorism; -
Not Synced(HF) a pattern that lies behind a host of diverse phenomena,
from economics to earthquakes. -
Not Synced(HF) I'm Dr Hannah Fry, and I'm a mathematician from
University College London, working on complex systems. -
Not Synced(HF) These are systems, like terrorism, which at first seem
complex, and random -
Not Synced(HF) but if you stand back and study the bigger picture, then
a surprising number of patterns can appear; -
Not Synced(HF) patterns which you can describe using mathematics.
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Not Synced(HF) Dr (?), a computer scientist at the University of
Colorado, was one of the first to find a tangible,
mathematical connection underlying terrorism. -
Not Synced(HF) He looked at 30,000 terror attacks worldwide, over
40 years -
Not Synced(HF) and for all of the events, he counted how many times a
certain number of people were killed, and plotted it on a graph -
Not Synced(HF) and the results were remarkable.
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Not Synced(Dr) This initial analysis we did, it was quite shocking,
we found this thing that looked like -
Not Synced(Dr) what's called a power law distribution, which is a
very special kind of mathematical pattern that usually -
Not Synced(Dr) crops up in physics, in fact, but increasingly is
observed in social and biological systems, -
Not Synced(Dr) and this is somewhat surprising, because when we
think about terrorism, -
Not Synced(Dr) we think mainly about the capricious, highly
contextualised nature of the individual actors -
Not Synced(Dr) that carry out these events,
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Not Synced(Dr) and yet, at the global level, we see this remarkable
pattern, this power law pattern, emerge. -
Not Synced(HF) So it's obviously a bit tricky to describe a graph
on the radio. (Dr) [Laughs] Yes. -
Not Synced(HF) but could you give us an idea of what a power law
looks like, -
Not Synced(HF) perhaps, compared to some other distributions that
people might be familiar with? -
Not Synced(Dr) So a power law distribution is very different from
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Not Synced(Dr) what most of us experience, and our intuition
is built around, as human beings. -
Not Synced(Dr) Most of our world is wrapped up in what are called
Gaussian, or normal, distributions. -
Not Synced(Dr) So, the range of heights that we experience
among other humans, -
Not Synced(Dr) has what's called a normal distribution.
(HF) Like a bell curve. -
Not Synced(Dr) [Confirming] Like a bell curve. Which means that
there's an average, -
Not Synced(Dr) that is representative of essentially the entire population.
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Not Synced(NJ) One of the first graphs that we ever draw in
school is one of heights of people in the classroom -
Not Synced(HF) Neil Johnson, professor of Physics at the
University of Miami. (4:14)
- Title:
- Discovery - Can maths combat terrorism? 22 Dec 14
- Description:
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"Mon, 22 Dec 14
Duration: 27 mins
Can maths reveal hidden patterns in global terrorism? Dr Hannah Fry investigates."
From: http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/discovery
- Video Language:
- English, British
- Team:
- Captions Requested
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raccoon edited English, British subtitles for Discovery - Can maths combat terrorism? 22 Dec 14 | ||
raccoon edited English, British subtitles for Discovery - Can maths combat terrorism? 22 Dec 14 | ||
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