The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world
-
0:01 - 0:02When you're a child,
-
0:02 - 0:06anything and everything is possible.
-
0:06 - 0:10The challenge, so often,
is hanging on to that as we grow up. -
0:11 - 0:12And as a four-year-old,
-
0:12 - 0:15I had the opportunity
to sail for the first time. -
0:16 - 0:20I will never forget
the excitement as we closed the coast. -
0:20 - 0:22I will never forget
-
0:22 - 0:25the feeling of adventure
as I climbed on board the boat -
0:25 - 0:28and stared into her tiny cabin
for the first time. -
0:28 - 0:31But the most amazing feeling
was the feeling of freedom, -
0:31 - 0:35the feeling that I felt
when we hoisted her sails. -
0:35 - 0:38As a four-year-old child,
-
0:38 - 0:41it was the greatest sense of freedom
that I could ever imagine. -
0:41 - 0:45I made my mind up there and then
that one day, somehow, -
0:45 - 0:48I was going to sail around the world.
-
0:49 - 0:52So I did what I could in my life
to get closer to that dream. -
0:52 - 0:55Age 10, it was saving my school
dinner money change. -
0:55 - 0:59Every single day for eight years,
I had mashed potato and baked beans, -
0:59 - 1:02which cost 4p each, and gravy was free.
-
1:02 - 1:05Every day I would pile up the change
on the top of my money box, -
1:05 - 1:08and when that pile reached a pound,
I would drop it in -
1:08 - 1:12and cross off one of the 100 squares
I'd drawn on a piece of paper. -
1:12 - 1:15Finally, I bought a tiny dinghy.
-
1:15 - 1:19I spent hours sitting on it in the garden
dreaming of my goal. -
1:19 - 1:22I read every book I could on sailing,
-
1:22 - 1:25and then eventually,
having been told by my school -
1:25 - 1:28I wasn't clever enough to be a vet,
-
1:28 - 1:32left school age 17 to begin
my apprenticeship in sailing. -
1:33 - 1:37So imagine how it felt
just four years later -
1:37 - 1:39to be sitting in a boardroom
-
1:39 - 1:43in front of someone who I knew
could make that dream come true. -
1:43 - 1:46I felt like my life
depended on that moment, -
1:46 - 1:49and incredibly, he said yes.
-
1:49 - 1:53And I could barely contain my excitement
as I sat in that first design meeting -
1:53 - 1:56designing a boat
on which I was going to sail -
1:56 - 1:58solo nonstop around the world.
-
1:58 - 2:01From that first meeting
to the finish line of the race, -
2:01 - 2:04it was everything I'd ever imagined.
-
2:04 - 2:07Just like in my dreams, there were
amazing parts and tough parts. -
2:07 - 2:10We missed an iceberg by 20 feet.
-
2:10 - 2:13Nine times, I climbed to the top
of her 90-foot mast. -
2:13 - 2:15We were blown on our side
in the Southern Ocean. -
2:15 - 2:18But the sunsets, the wildlife,
and the remoteness -
2:18 - 2:22were absolutely breathtaking.
-
2:22 - 2:25After three months at sea, age just 24,
-
2:25 - 2:27I finished in second position.
-
2:27 - 2:31I'd loved it, so much so
that within six months -
2:31 - 2:35I decided to go around the world again,
but this time not in a race: -
2:35 - 2:40to try to be the fastest person ever
to sail solo nonstop around the world. -
2:41 - 2:44Now for this, I needed a different craft:
-
2:44 - 2:47bigger, wider, faster, more powerful.
-
2:47 - 2:51Just to give that boat some scale,
I could climb inside her mast -
2:51 - 2:53all the way to the top.
-
2:53 - 2:56Seventy-five foot long, 60 foot wide.
-
2:56 - 2:58I affectionately called her Moby.
-
2:59 - 3:00She was a multihull.
-
3:00 - 3:04When we built her, no one had ever
made it solo nonstop -
3:04 - 3:06around the world in one,
though many had tried, -
3:06 - 3:11but whilst we built her, a Frenchman
took a boat 25 percent bigger than her -
3:11 - 3:15and not only did he make it,
but he took the record from 93 days -
3:15 - 3:17right down to 72.
-
3:18 - 3:20The bar was now much, much higher.
-
3:20 - 3:22And these boats were exciting to sail.
-
3:22 - 3:25This was a training sail
off the French coast. -
3:25 - 3:29This I know well because I was one
of the five crew members on board. -
3:29 - 3:34Five seconds is all it took
from everything being fine -
3:34 - 3:37to our world going black
as the windows were thrust underwater, -
3:37 - 3:39and that five seconds goes quickly.
-
3:39 - 3:42Just see how far below
those guys the sea is. -
3:42 - 3:46Imagine that alone
in the Southern Ocean -
3:46 - 3:50plunged into icy water,
thousands of miles away from land. -
3:51 - 3:54It was Christmas Day.
-
3:54 - 3:57I was forging into the Southern Ocean
underneath Australia. -
3:57 - 4:00The conditions were horrendous.
-
4:00 - 4:02I was approaching a part in the ocean
-
4:02 - 4:05which was 2,000 miles away
from the nearest town. -
4:05 - 4:08The nearest land was Antarctica,
and the nearest people -
4:08 - 4:11would be those manning
the European Space Station above me. -
4:11 - 4:13(Laughter)
-
4:13 - 4:15You really are in the middle of nowhere.
-
4:15 - 4:17If you need help,
-
4:17 - 4:19and you're still alive,
-
4:19 - 4:22it takes four days
for a ship to get to you -
4:22 - 4:25and then four days for that ship
to get you back to port. -
4:25 - 4:27No helicopter can reach you out there,
-
4:27 - 4:29and no plane can land.
-
4:29 - 4:33We are forging ahead of a huge storm.
-
4:33 - 4:35Within it, there was 80 knots of wind,
-
4:35 - 4:38which was far too much wind
for the boat and I to cope with. -
4:38 - 4:41The waves were already 40 to 50 feet high,
-
4:41 - 4:43and the spray from the breaking crests
-
4:43 - 4:46was blown horizontally
like snow in a blizzard. -
4:46 - 4:50If we didn't sail fast enough,
we'd be engulfed by that storm, -
4:50 - 4:54and either capsized or smashed to pieces.
-
4:54 - 4:56We were quite literally
hanging on for our lives -
4:56 - 5:00and doing so on a knife edge.
-
5:00 - 5:03The speed I so desperately needed
brought with it danger. -
5:03 - 5:08We all know what it's like driving a car
20 miles an hour, 30, 40. -
5:08 - 5:10It's not too stressful.
We can concentrate. -
5:10 - 5:12We can turn on the radio.
-
5:12 - 5:17Take that 50, 60, 70, accelerate through
to 80, 90, 100 miles an hour. -
5:17 - 5:20Now you have white knuckles
and you're gripping the steering wheel. -
5:20 - 5:23Now take that car off road at night
-
5:23 - 5:25and remove the windscreen wipers,
the windscreen, -
5:25 - 5:26the headlights and the brakes.
-
5:26 - 5:29That's what it's like
in the Southern Ocean. -
5:29 - 5:32(Laughter) (Applause)
-
5:33 - 5:34You could imagine
-
5:34 - 5:37it would be quite difficult
to sleep in that situation, -
5:37 - 5:39even as a passenger.
-
5:39 - 5:40But you're not a passenger.
-
5:40 - 5:43You're alone on a boat
you can barely stand up in, -
5:43 - 5:45and you have to make
every single decision on board. -
5:45 - 5:48I was absolutely exhausted,
physically and mentally. -
5:48 - 5:51Eight sail changes in 12 hours.
-
5:51 - 5:53The mainsail weighed
three times my body weight, -
5:53 - 5:55and after each change,
-
5:55 - 5:57I would collapse on the floor
soaked with sweat -
5:57 - 6:02with this freezing Southern Ocean air
burning the back of my throat. -
6:02 - 6:04But out there, those lowest of the lows
-
6:04 - 6:08are so often contrasted
with the highest of the highs. -
6:08 - 6:12A few days later, we came out
of the back of the low. -
6:12 - 6:15Against all odds, we'd been able
to drive ahead of the record -
6:15 - 6:17within that depression.
-
6:17 - 6:20The sky cleared, the rain stopped,
-
6:20 - 6:25and our heartbeat, the monstrous
seas around us were transformed -
6:25 - 6:28into the most beautiful moonlit mountains.
-
6:28 - 6:33It's hard to explain, but you enter
a different mode when you head out there. -
6:33 - 6:35Your boat is your entire world,
-
6:35 - 6:38and what you take with you
when you leave is all you have. -
6:38 - 6:41If I said to you all now,
"Go off into Vancouver -
6:41 - 6:44and find everything you will need for
your survival for the next three months," -
6:44 - 6:46that's quite a task.
-
6:46 - 6:49That's food, fuel, clothes,
-
6:49 - 6:51even toilet roll and toothpaste.
-
6:51 - 6:52That's what we do,
-
6:52 - 6:54and when we leave we manage it
-
6:54 - 6:58down to the last drop of diesel
and the last packet of food. -
6:58 - 7:00No experience in my life
-
7:00 - 7:04could have given me a better understanding
of the definition of the word "finite." -
7:04 - 7:06What we have out there is all we have.
-
7:06 - 7:08There is no more.
-
7:08 - 7:11And never in my life had I ever
translated that definition of finite -
7:11 - 7:14that I'd felt on board
to anything outside of sailing -
7:14 - 7:19until I stepped off the boat at
the finish line having broken that record. -
7:19 - 7:22(Applause)
-
7:24 - 7:27Suddenly I connected the dots.
-
7:27 - 7:29Our global economy is no different.
-
7:30 - 7:32It's entirely dependent
on finite materials -
7:32 - 7:35we only have once
in the history of humanity. -
7:35 - 7:39And it was a bit like seeing something
you weren't expecting under a stone -
7:39 - 7:40and having two choices:
-
7:40 - 7:43I either put that stone to one side
-
7:43 - 7:46and learn more about it,
or I put that stone back -
7:46 - 7:50and I carry on with my dream job
of sailing around the world. -
7:51 - 7:52I chose the first.
-
7:52 - 7:56I put it to one side and I began
a new journey of learning, -
7:56 - 7:59speaking to chief executives,
experts, scientists, economists -
7:59 - 8:03to try to understand just how
our global economy works. -
8:03 - 8:06And my curiosity took me
to some extraordinary places. -
8:06 - 8:10This photo was taken in the burner
of a coal-fired power station. -
8:11 - 8:14I was fascinated by coal,
fundamental to our global energy needs, -
8:14 - 8:17but also very close to my family.
-
8:17 - 8:19My great-grandfather was a coal miner,
-
8:19 - 8:23and he spent 50 years
of his life underground. -
8:24 - 8:26This is a photo of him,
and when you see that photo, -
8:26 - 8:28you see someone from another era.
-
8:29 - 8:32No one wears trousers
with a waistband quite that high -
8:32 - 8:34in this day and age. (Laughter)
-
8:34 - 8:37But yet, that's me
with my great-grandfather, -
8:37 - 8:41and by the way, they are not
his real ears. (Laughter) -
8:41 - 8:46We were close. I remember sitting on
his knee listening to his mining stories. -
8:46 - 8:48He talked of the camaraderie underground,
-
8:48 - 8:51and the fact that the miners used to save
the crusts of their sandwiches -
8:51 - 8:54to give to the ponies
they worked with underground. -
8:54 - 8:57It was like it was yesterday.
-
8:57 - 8:59And on my journey of learning,
-
8:59 - 9:01I went to the World
Coal Association website, -
9:01 - 9:03and there in the middle
of the homepage, it said, -
9:03 - 9:06"We have about 118 years of coal left."
-
9:06 - 9:09And I thought to myself, well,
that's well outside my lifetime, -
9:09 - 9:12and a much greater figure
than the predictions for oil. -
9:12 - 9:15But I did the math, and I realized
that my great-grandfather -
9:15 - 9:20had been born exactly 118 years
before that year, -
9:20 - 9:23and I sat on his knee
until I was 11 years old, -
9:23 - 9:25and I realized it's nothing
-
9:25 - 9:27in time, nor in history.
-
9:27 - 9:30And it made me make a decision
I never thought I would make: -
9:30 - 9:32to leave the sport
of solo sailing behind me -
9:32 - 9:36and focus on the greatest challenge
I'd ever come across: -
9:36 - 9:38the future of our global economy.
-
9:38 - 9:41And I quickly realized it wasn't
just about energy. -
9:41 - 9:43It was also materials.
-
9:43 - 9:45In 2008, I picked up a scientific study
-
9:45 - 9:47looking at how many years we have
-
9:47 - 9:50of valuable materials
to extract from the ground: -
9:50 - 9:54copper, 61; tin, zinc, 40; silver, 29.
-
9:54 - 9:58These figures couldn't be exact,
but we knew those materials were finite. -
9:58 - 10:00We only have them once.
-
10:00 - 10:03And yet, our speed that we've used
these materials has increased rapidly, -
10:03 - 10:05exponentially.
-
10:05 - 10:08With more people in the world
with more stuff, -
10:08 - 10:11we've effectively seen
100 years of price declines -
10:11 - 10:13in those basic commodities
erased in just 10 years. -
10:13 - 10:15And this affects all of us.
-
10:15 - 10:17It's brought huge volatility in prices,
-
10:17 - 10:20so much so that in 2011,
-
10:20 - 10:23your average European car manufacturer
-
10:23 - 10:25saw a raw material price increase
-
10:25 - 10:27of 500 million Euros,
-
10:27 - 10:30wiping away half their operating profits
-
10:30 - 10:33through something they have
absolutely no control over. -
10:33 - 10:36And the more I learned, the more
I started to change my own life. -
10:37 - 10:39I started traveling less,
doing less, using less. -
10:39 - 10:42It felt like actually doing less
was what we had to do. -
10:42 - 10:45But it sat uneasy with me.
-
10:45 - 10:46It didn't feel right.
-
10:46 - 10:48It felt like we were
buying ourselves time. -
10:48 - 10:50We were eking things out a bit longer.
-
10:50 - 10:53Even if everybody changed,
it wouldn't solve the problem. -
10:53 - 10:56It wouldn't fix the system.
-
10:56 - 10:59It was vital in the transition,
but what fascinated me was, -
10:59 - 11:03in the transition to what?
What could actually work? -
11:03 - 11:07It struck me that the system itself,
the framework within which we live, -
11:07 - 11:10is fundamentally flawed,
-
11:10 - 11:13and I realized ultimately
-
11:13 - 11:16that our operating system,
the way our economy functions, -
11:16 - 11:19the way our economy's been built,
is a system in itself. -
11:19 - 11:22At sea, I had to understand
complex systems. -
11:22 - 11:24I had to take multiple inputs,
-
11:24 - 11:26I had to process them,
-
11:26 - 11:28and I had to understand the system to win.
-
11:28 - 11:30I had to make sense of it.
-
11:30 - 11:34And as I looked at our global economy,
I realized it too is that system, -
11:34 - 11:39but it's a system that effectively
can't run in the long term. -
11:39 - 11:42And I realized we've been perfecting
what's effectively a linear economy -
11:42 - 11:44for 150 years,
-
11:44 - 11:46where we take a material
out of the ground, -
11:46 - 11:49we make something out of it,
and then ultimately -
11:49 - 11:52that product gets thrown away,
and yes, we do recycle some of it, -
11:52 - 11:55but more an attempt to get out
what we can at the end, -
11:55 - 11:57not by design.
-
11:57 - 12:01It's an economy that fundamentally
can't run in the long term, -
12:01 - 12:04and if we know that we
have finite materials, -
12:04 - 12:07why would we build an economy
that would effectively use things up, -
12:07 - 12:09that would create waste?
-
12:09 - 12:12Life itself has existed
for billions of years -
12:12 - 12:15and has continually adapted
to use materials effectively. -
12:15 - 12:19It's a complex system,
but within it, there is no waste. -
12:19 - 12:21Everything is metabolized.
-
12:21 - 12:25It's not a linear economy
at all, but circular. -
12:26 - 12:29And I felt like the child in the garden.
-
12:29 - 12:34For the first time on this new journey,
I could see exactly where we were headed. -
12:34 - 12:37If we could build an economy that would
use things rather than use them up, -
12:37 - 12:41we could build a future that really
could work in the long term. -
12:41 - 12:43I was excited.
-
12:43 - 12:45This was something to work towards.
-
12:45 - 12:48We knew exactly where we were headed.
We just had to work out how to get there, -
12:48 - 12:50and it was exactly with this in mind
-
12:50 - 12:54that we created the Ellen MacArthur
Foundation in September 2010. -
12:55 - 12:59Many schools of thought fed our thinking
and pointed to this model: -
12:59 - 13:04industrial symbiosis, performance economy,
sharing economy, biomimicry, -
13:04 - 13:07and of course, cradle-to-cradle design.
-
13:07 - 13:11Materials would be defined
as either technical or biological, -
13:11 - 13:14waste would be designed out entirely,
-
13:14 - 13:16and we would have a system
that could function -
13:16 - 13:18absolutely in the long term.
-
13:18 - 13:20So what could this economy look like?
-
13:21 - 13:25Maybe we wouldn't buy light fittings,
but we'd pay for the service of light, -
13:25 - 13:28and the manufacturers
would recover the materials -
13:28 - 13:31and change the light fittings
when we had more efficient products. -
13:31 - 13:34What if packaging was so nontoxic
it could dissolve in water -
13:34 - 13:37and we could ultimately drink it?
It would never become waste. -
13:37 - 13:39What if engines were re-manufacturable,
-
13:39 - 13:41and we could recover
the component materials -
13:41 - 13:44and significantly reduce energy demand.
-
13:44 - 13:47What if we could recover components
from circuit boards, reutilize them, -
13:47 - 13:50and then fundamentally recover
the materials within them -
13:50 - 13:51through a second stage?
-
13:51 - 13:54What if we could collect
food waste, human waste? -
13:54 - 13:57What if we could turn that
into fertilizer, heat, energy, -
13:57 - 14:00ultimately reconnecting nutrients systems
-
14:00 - 14:03and rebuilding natural capital?
-
14:03 - 14:06And cars -- what we want
is to move around. -
14:06 - 14:08We don't need to own
the materials within them. -
14:08 - 14:10Could cars become a service
-
14:10 - 14:13and provide us with
mobility in the future? -
14:13 - 14:17All of this sounds amazing, but these
aren't just ideas, they're real today, -
14:17 - 14:20and these lie at the forefront
of the circular economy. -
14:20 - 14:24What lies before us is to expand them
and scale them up. -
14:24 - 14:27So how would you shift
from linear to circular? -
14:28 - 14:31Well, the team and I at the foundation
thought you might want to work -
14:31 - 14:33with the top universities in the world,
-
14:33 - 14:35with leading businesses within the world,
-
14:35 - 14:37with the biggest convening
platforms in the world, -
14:37 - 14:38and with governments.
-
14:38 - 14:41We thought you might want
to work with the best analysts -
14:41 - 14:42and ask them the question,
-
14:42 - 14:46"Can the circular economy decouple
growth from resource constraints? -
14:46 - 14:49Is the circular economy able
to rebuild natural capital? -
14:49 - 14:53Could the circular economy
replace current chemical fertilizer use?" -
14:53 - 14:55Yes was the answer to the decoupling,
-
14:55 - 14:58but also yes, we could replace
current fertilizer use -
14:58 - 15:02by a staggering 2.7 times.
-
15:03 - 15:05But what inspired me most
about the circular economy -
15:05 - 15:08was its ability to inspire young people.
-
15:09 - 15:12When young people see the economy
through a circular lens, -
15:12 - 15:16they see brand new opportunities
on exactly the same horizon. -
15:16 - 15:19They can use their creativity
and knowledge -
15:19 - 15:21to rebuild the entire system,
-
15:21 - 15:24and it's there for the taking right now,
-
15:24 - 15:26and the faster we do this, the better.
-
15:26 - 15:29So could we achieve this
in their lifetimes? -
15:29 - 15:31Is it actually possible?
-
15:31 - 15:33I believe yes.
-
15:33 - 15:37When you look at the lifetime of
my great-grandfather, anything's possible. -
15:38 - 15:41When he was born, there were only
25 cars in the world; -
15:41 - 15:44they had only just been invented.
-
15:44 - 15:48When he was 14, we flew
for the first time in history. -
15:48 - 15:50Now there are 100,000 charter flights
-
15:50 - 15:52every single day.
-
15:52 - 15:56When he was 45, we built
the first computer. -
15:56 - 15:59Many said it wouldn't catch on,
but it did, and just 20 years later -
15:59 - 16:01we turned it into a microchip
-
16:01 - 16:05of which there will be thousands
in this room here today. -
16:05 - 16:08Ten years before he died,
we built the first mobile phone. -
16:08 - 16:10It wasn't that mobile, to be fair,
-
16:10 - 16:12but now it really is,
-
16:12 - 16:16and as my great-grandfather
left this Earth, the Internet arrived. -
16:16 - 16:18Now we can do anything,
-
16:18 - 16:20but more importantly,
-
16:20 - 16:22now we have a plan.
-
16:22 - 16:24Thank you.
-
16:25 - 16:33(Applause)
- Title:
- The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world
- Speaker:
- Dame Ellen MacArthur
- Description:
-
What do you learn when you sail around the world on your own? When solo sailor Ellen MacArthur circled the globe – carrying everything she needed with her – she came back with new insight into the way the world works, as a place of interlocking cycles and finite resources, where the decisions we make today affect what's left for tomorrow. She proposes a bold new way to see the world's economic systems: not as linear, but as circular, where everything comes around.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 16:47
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast approved English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world |