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The Spanish verb "ser"
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"Look out! There is a bird over there."
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"Where is it?"
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"There, you see it? It's a yellow bird."
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The auxiliary verb can be expressed
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in three different ways with the following
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three verbs: ser, estar, hay
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The verb "ser" is used to identify,
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describe, and classify things and people
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into categories.
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It also expresses objective facts.
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"This is my son Jorgito."
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"Wow, he is such a beautiful baby."
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Usually, the verb "ser" comes before nouns
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For example, "Who is it?"
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"It is me; I am the professor."
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"Oh! What's this?"
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"They are chocolates, but they are mine."
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The ser + noun structure is used
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to identify specific things or people.
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For example, nationality, profession,
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religion, political affiliation, or
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family relationship.
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"Luis is my uncle. He is a doctor and
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he is Peruvian. He is Catholic but
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he is liberal."
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To describe a temporary activity,
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use the structure estar de + noun.
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"He is the doctor for a project."
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You can also use ser to attribute
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a quality to someone or something.
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"Alberta is blonde and very attractive."
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"Her brothers are happy people."
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"This is an excellent hotel and
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it is not too expensive."
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You can use the following adjectives
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with the verb ser:
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happy, rich, responsible, guilty,
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unhappy, poor, irresponsible, innocent.
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Another structure is es + adjective,
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followed by an infinitive or
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a subordinate clause.
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Some adjectives you could use are:
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easy/difficult; certain; good/bad;
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important; necessary; normal; possible or
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impossible; improbable or probable;
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useful or useless.
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The es + adjective structure shows
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that something is true or a fact.
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For example, "It is not possible!"
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"It is a fact that prices will rise."
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"It is true. It is necessary to
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read the newspaper."
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With ser + preposition, you can describe
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origin, type of material,
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ownership, or affiliation.
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"This bag is made of leather."
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"Is it from Italy?"
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"This is the boss's car."
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With ser + para + preposition, you can
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define something, describe its purpose,
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or identify a recipient. For example,
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"Is this for tomorrow?"
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"Yes, the wine is for the party and
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the flowers are for Angelica."
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Use ser to specify the date, dates,
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days of the week, time of day, or for
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late; early/soon; for tomorrow/
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the afternoon/the night; time for ______.
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"What day is it today? Today is the
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22nd of May."
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"How frustrating! It's not Sunday yet."
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"It's time to go to school."
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"It's already very late."
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Use ser for quantity, a result, or a total.
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"There are five of us, then there are
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five servings. I already know the result."
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"How much is it in total?"
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"They cost 15 euros."
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Use ser for the location of an event.
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"The concert is in the castle."
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"It will be in the rococo room."
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Use ser + participle for an action
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completed in the past.
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"Cuzco was founded by the Incas."
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Thanks for your attention.