How free is our freedom of the press?
-
0:00 - 0:03So this is James Risen.
-
0:03 - 0:06You may know him as the
Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter -
0:06 - 0:08for The New York Times.
-
0:08 - 0:10Long before anybody knew
Edward Snowden's name, -
0:10 - 0:13Risen wrote a book in which
he famously exposed -
0:13 - 0:17that the NSA was illegally wiretapping
the phone calls of Americans. -
0:18 - 0:20But it's another chapter in that book
-
0:20 - 0:22that may have an even more lasting impact.
-
0:22 - 0:27In it, he describes a catastrophic
US intelligence operation -
0:27 - 0:30in which the CIA quite literally
handed over blueprints -
0:30 - 0:32of a nuclear bomb to Iran.
-
0:33 - 0:34If that sounds crazy, go read it.
-
0:34 - 0:36It's an incredible story.
-
0:36 - 0:39But you know who didn't like that chapter?
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0:39 - 0:40The US government.
-
0:41 - 0:43For nearly a decade afterwards,
-
0:43 - 0:46Risen was the subject
of a US government investigation -
0:46 - 0:48in which prosecutors demanded
that he testify -
0:48 - 0:50against one of his alleged sources.
-
0:51 - 0:55And along the way, he became the face
for the US government's recent pattern -
0:55 - 0:58of prosecuting whistleblowers
and spying on journalists. -
0:59 - 1:00You see, under the First Amendment,
-
1:00 - 1:04the press has the right to publish
secret information in the public interest. -
1:04 - 1:09But it's impossible to exercise that right
if the media can't also gather that news -
1:09 - 1:12and protect the identities
of the brave men and women -
1:12 - 1:14who get it to them.
-
1:14 - 1:16So when the government came knocking,
-
1:16 - 1:19Risen did what many brave reporters
have done before him: -
1:19 - 1:20he refused
-
1:20 - 1:22and said he'd rather go to jail.
-
1:23 - 1:26So from 2007 to 2015,
-
1:26 - 1:28Risen lived under the specter
of going to federal prison. -
1:29 - 1:33That is, until just days before the trial,
when a curious thing happened. -
1:34 - 1:38Suddenly, after years of claiming
it was vital to their case, -
1:38 - 1:40the government dropped their demands
to Risen altogether. -
1:41 - 1:43It turns out, in the age
of electronic surveillance, -
1:43 - 1:46there are very few places
reporters and sources can hide. -
1:47 - 1:51And instead of trying and failing
to have Risen testify, -
1:51 - 1:54they could have his digital trail
testify against him instead. -
1:55 - 1:57So completely in secret
and without his consent, -
1:57 - 1:59prosecutors got Risen's phone records.
-
2:00 - 2:04They got his email records,
his financial and banking information, -
2:04 - 2:06his credit reports,
-
2:06 - 2:09even travel records with a list
of flights he had taken. -
2:10 - 2:14And it was among this information that
they used to convict Jeffrey Sterling, -
2:14 - 2:17Risen's alleged source
and CIA whistleblower. -
2:18 - 2:20Sadly, this is only one case of many.
-
2:21 - 2:25President Obama ran on a promise
to protect whistleblowers, -
2:25 - 2:28and instead, his Justice Department
has prosecuted more -
2:28 - 2:31than all other administrations combined.
-
2:31 - 2:33Now, you can see how this
could be a problem, -
2:33 - 2:38especially because the government
considers so much of what it does secret. -
2:39 - 2:43Since 9/11, virtually every important
story about national security -
2:43 - 2:46has been the result of a whistleblower
coming to a journalist. -
2:47 - 2:50So we risk seeing the press
unable to do their job -
2:50 - 2:52that the First Amendment
is supposed to protect -
2:52 - 2:55because of the government's
expanded ability to spy on everyone. -
2:55 - 2:58But just as technology has allowed
the government -
2:58 - 3:01to circumvent reporters' rights,
-
3:01 - 3:03the press can also use technology
-
3:03 - 3:05to protect their sources
even better than before. -
3:06 - 3:09And they can start from the moment
they begin speaking with them, -
3:09 - 3:11rather than on the witness stand
after the fact. -
3:12 - 3:14Communications software now exists
-
3:14 - 3:17that wasn't available
when Risen was writing his book, -
3:17 - 3:21and is much more surveillance-resistant
than regular emails or phone calls. -
3:22 - 3:26For example, one such tool is SecureDrop,
-
3:26 - 3:29an open-source whistleblower
submission system -
3:29 - 3:33that was originally created by the late
Internet luminary Aaron Swartz, -
3:33 - 3:35and is now developed
at the non-profit where I work, -
3:36 - 3:37Freedom of the Press Foundation.
-
3:38 - 3:39Instead of sending an email,
-
3:40 - 3:42you go to a news organization's website,
-
3:42 - 3:44like this one here on The Washington Post.
-
3:44 - 3:48From there, you can upload a document
or send information -
3:48 - 3:50much like you would
on any other contact form. -
3:51 - 3:53It'll then be encrypted
and stored on a server -
3:53 - 3:56that only the news organization
has access to. -
3:56 - 4:00So the government can no longer
secretly demand the information, -
4:00 - 4:02and much of the information
they would demand -
4:02 - 4:04wouldn't be available in the first place.
-
4:04 - 4:07SecureDrop, though, is really
only a small part of the puzzle -
4:07 - 4:10for protecting press freedom
in the 21st century. -
4:11 - 4:13Unfortunately, governments
all over the world -
4:13 - 4:16are constantly developing
new spying techniques -
4:16 - 4:17that put us all at risk.
-
4:18 - 4:21And it's up to us going forward
to make sure -
4:21 - 4:23that it's not just
the tech-savvy whistleblowers, -
4:23 - 4:27like Edward Snowden, who have
an avenue for exposing wrongdoing. -
4:27 - 4:32It's just as vital that we protect the
next veteran's health care whistleblower -
4:32 - 4:35alerting us to overcrowded hospitals,
-
4:36 - 4:38or the next environmental worker
-
4:38 - 4:41sounding the alarm
about Flint's dirty water, -
4:41 - 4:43or a Wall Street insider
-
4:43 - 4:45warning us of the next financial crisis.
-
4:46 - 4:50After all, these tools weren't just built
to help the brave men and women -
4:50 - 4:52who expose crimes,
-
4:52 - 4:55but are meant to protect
all of our rights under the Constitution. -
4:55 - 4:57Thank you.
-
4:57 - 5:00(Applause)
- Title:
- How free is our freedom of the press?
- Speaker:
- Trevor Timm
- Description:
-
In the US, the press has a right to publish secret information the public needs to know, protected by the First Amendment. Government surveillance has made it increasingly more dangerous for whistleblowers, the source of virtually every important story about national security since 9/11, to share information. In this concise, informative talk, Freedom of the Press Foundation co-founder and TED Fellow Trevor Timm traces the recent history of government action against individuals who expose crime and injustice and advocates for technology that can help them do it safely and anonymously.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 05:13
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Riaki Ponist
Hi there,
2:31
Now, you can see how this
could be a problem,
What I hear is:
I can see how this
could be a problem,
Is the change in the transcript intentional?
Thanks,
Riaki