Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up
-
0:01 - 0:02Democracy.
-
0:03 - 0:04In the West,
-
0:04 - 0:08we make a colossal mistake
taking it for granted. -
0:08 - 0:10We see democracy
-
0:10 - 0:14not as the most fragile
of flowers that it really is, -
0:14 - 0:17but we see it as part
of our society's furniture. -
0:18 - 0:22We tend to think of it
as an intransigent given. -
0:23 - 0:28We mistakenly believe that capitalism
begets inevitably democracy. -
0:28 - 0:29It doesn't.
-
0:29 - 0:34Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew
and his great imitators in Beijing -
0:34 - 0:37have demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt
-
0:37 - 0:41that it is perfectly possible
to have a flourishing capitalism, -
0:41 - 0:42spectacular growth,
-
0:43 - 0:46while politics remains democracy-free.
-
0:46 - 0:50Indeed, democracy is receding
in our neck of the woods, -
0:50 - 0:52here in Europe.
-
0:52 - 0:55Earlier this year,
while I was representing Greece -- -
0:55 - 0:58the newly elected Greek government --
-
0:58 - 1:01in the Eurogroup as its Finance Minister,
-
1:01 - 1:06I was told in no uncertain terms
that our nation's democratic process -- -
1:06 - 1:07our elections --
-
1:07 - 1:09could not be allowed to interfere
-
1:09 - 1:12with economic policies
that were being implemented in Greece. -
1:13 - 1:14At that moment,
-
1:14 - 1:19I felt that there could be no greater
vindication of Lee Kuan Yew, -
1:19 - 1:20or the Chinese Communist Party,
-
1:20 - 1:24indeed of some recalcitrant
friends of mine who kept telling me -
1:24 - 1:28that democracy would be banned
if it ever threatened to change anything. -
1:30 - 1:33Tonight, here, I want to present to you
-
1:33 - 1:36an economic case
for an authentic democracy. -
1:37 - 1:41I want to ask you
to join me in believing again -
1:41 - 1:43that Lee Kuan Yew,
-
1:44 - 1:46the Chinese Communist Party
-
1:46 - 1:47and indeed the Eurogroup
-
1:47 - 1:51are wrong in believing
that we can dispense with democracy -- -
1:52 - 1:55that we need an authentic,
boisterous democracy. -
1:55 - 1:58And without democracy,
-
1:58 - 2:01our societies will be nastier,
-
2:01 - 2:03our future bleak
-
2:03 - 2:06and our great, new technologies wasted.
-
2:06 - 2:07Speaking of waste,
-
2:08 - 2:10allow me to point out
an interesting paradox -
2:10 - 2:13that is threatening
our economies as we speak. -
2:13 - 2:15I call it the twin peaks paradox.
-
2:15 - 2:17One peak you understand --
-
2:17 - 2:18you know it, you recognize it --
-
2:18 - 2:23is the mountain of debts
that has been casting a long shadow -
2:23 - 2:26over the United States,
Europe, the whole world. -
2:26 - 2:28We all recognize the mountain of debts.
-
2:29 - 2:33But few people discern its twin.
-
2:34 - 2:36A mountain of idle cash
-
2:37 - 2:40belonging to rich savers
and to corporations, -
2:41 - 2:44too terrified to invest it
-
2:44 - 2:47into the productive activities
that can generate the incomes -
2:47 - 2:50from which you can extinguish
the mountain of debts -
2:50 - 2:54and which can produce all those things
that humanity desperately needs, -
2:54 - 2:56like green energy.
-
2:56 - 2:58Now let me give you two numbers.
-
2:58 - 2:59Over the last three months,
-
3:00 - 3:02in the United States,
in Britain and in the Eurozone, -
3:02 - 3:07we have invested, collectively,
3.4 trillion dollars -
3:07 - 3:09on all the wealth-producing goods --
-
3:09 - 3:12things like industrial plants, machinery,
-
3:12 - 3:15office blocks, schools,
-
3:15 - 3:18roads, railways, machinery,
and so on and so forth. -
3:18 - 3:21$3.4 trillion sounds like a lot of money
-
3:21 - 3:24until you compare it to the $5.1 trillion
-
3:25 - 3:27that has been slushing around
in the same countries, -
3:27 - 3:29in our financial institutions,
-
3:29 - 3:32doing absolutely nothing
during the same period -
3:33 - 3:38except inflating stock exchanges
and bidding up house prices. -
3:38 - 3:44So a mountain of debt
and a mountain of idle cash -
3:44 - 3:47form twin peaks,
failing to cancel each other out -
3:47 - 3:50through the normal
operation of the markets. -
3:50 - 3:52The result is stagnant wages,
-
3:53 - 3:59more than a quarter of 25- to 54-year-olds
in America, in Japan and in Europe -
3:59 - 4:01out of work.
-
4:01 - 4:03And consequently, low aggregate demand,
-
4:03 - 4:05which in a never-ending cycle,
-
4:05 - 4:08reinforces the pessimism of the investors,
-
4:09 - 4:13who, fearing low demand,
reproduce it by not investing -- -
4:13 - 4:15exactly like Oedipus' father,
-
4:15 - 4:18who, terrified
by the prophecy of the oracle -
4:18 - 4:21that his son would grow up to kill him,
-
4:21 - 4:23unwittingly engineered the conditions
-
4:23 - 4:26that ensured that Oedipus,
his son, would kill him. -
4:27 - 4:29This is my quarrel with capitalism.
-
4:29 - 4:31Its gross wastefulness,
-
4:31 - 4:33all this idle cash,
-
4:33 - 4:37should be energized to improve lives,
-
4:37 - 4:38to develop human talents,
-
4:38 - 4:41and indeed to finance
all these technologies, -
4:41 - 4:42green technologies,
-
4:43 - 4:45which are absolutely essential
for saving planet Earth. -
4:46 - 4:50Am I right in believing
that democracy might be the answer? -
4:50 - 4:51I believe so,
-
4:51 - 4:52but before we move on,
-
4:52 - 4:53what do we mean by democracy?
-
4:55 - 4:57Aristotle defined democracy
-
4:57 - 5:02as the constitution
in which the free and the poor, -
5:02 - 5:04being in the majority, control government.
-
5:05 - 5:08Now, of course Athenian democracy
excluded too many. -
5:08 - 5:11Women, migrants and,
of course, the slaves. -
5:12 - 5:13But it would be a mistake
-
5:13 - 5:17to dismiss the significance
of ancient Athenian democracy -
5:17 - 5:19on the basis of whom it excluded.
-
5:20 - 5:21What was more pertinent,
-
5:21 - 5:25and continues to be so
about ancient Athenian democracy, -
5:25 - 5:28was the inclusion of the working poor,
-
5:28 - 5:33who not only acquired
the right to free speech, -
5:33 - 5:35but more importantly, crucially,
-
5:35 - 5:38they acquired the rights
to political judgments -
5:38 - 5:40that were afforded equal weight
-
5:40 - 5:44in the decision-making
concerning matters of state. -
5:44 - 5:47Now, of course, Athenian
democracy didn't last long. -
5:47 - 5:52Like a candle that burns brightly,
it burned out quickly. -
5:52 - 5:53And indeed,
-
5:53 - 5:57our liberal democracies today
do not have their roots in ancient Athens. -
5:57 - 5:59They have their roots in the Magna Carta,
-
5:59 - 6:03in the 1688 Glorious Revolution,
-
6:03 - 6:05indeed in the American constitution.
-
6:05 - 6:10Whereas Athenian democracy
was focusing on the masterless citizen -
6:10 - 6:12and empowering the working poor,
-
6:13 - 6:17our liberal democracies are founded
on the Magna Carta tradition, -
6:17 - 6:21which was, after all,
a charter for masters. -
6:21 - 6:25And indeed, liberal democracy
only surfaced when it was possible -
6:25 - 6:29to separate fully the political sphere
from the economic sphere, -
6:29 - 6:34so as to confine the democratic process
fully in the political sphere, -
6:34 - 6:36leaving the economic sphere --
-
6:36 - 6:38the corporate world, if you want --
-
6:38 - 6:40as a democracy-free zone.
-
6:42 - 6:45Now, in our democracies today,
-
6:45 - 6:48this separation of the economic
from the political sphere, -
6:48 - 6:50the moment it started happening,
-
6:51 - 6:55it gave rise to an inexorable,
epic struggle between the two, -
6:55 - 6:58with the economic sphere
colonizing the political sphere, -
6:58 - 7:00eating into its power.
-
7:00 - 7:04Have you wondered why politicians
are not what they used to be? -
7:05 - 7:07It's not because their DNA
has degenerated. -
7:07 - 7:09(Laughter)
-
7:09 - 7:13It is rather because one can be
in government today and not in power, -
7:13 - 7:17because power has migrated
from the political to the economic sphere, -
7:17 - 7:18which is separate.
-
7:19 - 7:21Indeed,
-
7:21 - 7:23I spoke about my quarrel
with capitalism. -
7:23 - 7:25If you think about it,
-
7:25 - 7:28it is a little bit like
a population of predators, -
7:29 - 7:34that are so successful in decimating
the prey that they must feed on, -
7:35 - 7:37that in the end they starve.
-
7:37 - 7:38Similarly,
-
7:38 - 7:42the economic sphere has been colonizing
and cannibalizing the political sphere -
7:42 - 7:45to such an extent
that it is undermining itself, -
7:45 - 7:47causing economic crisis.
-
7:47 - 7:49Corporate power is increasing,
-
7:49 - 7:51political goods are devaluing,
-
7:51 - 7:53inequality is rising,
-
7:53 - 7:55aggregate demand is falling
-
7:55 - 8:01and CEOs of corporations are too scared
to invest the cash of their corporations. -
8:02 - 8:08So the more capitalism succeeds
in taking the demos out of democracy, -
8:08 - 8:10the taller the twin peaks
-
8:10 - 8:13and the greater the waste
of human resources -
8:13 - 8:15and humanity's wealth.
-
8:16 - 8:18Clearly, if this is right,
-
8:19 - 8:22we must reunite the political
and economic spheres -
8:22 - 8:25and better do it
with a demos being in control, -
8:25 - 8:28like in ancient Athens
except without the slaves -
8:28 - 8:31or the exclusion of women and migrants.
-
8:32 - 8:34Now, this is not an original idea.
-
8:34 - 8:37The Marxist left
had that idea 100 years ago -
8:37 - 8:38and it didn't go very well, did it?
-
8:39 - 8:42The lesson that we learned
from the Soviet debacle -
8:42 - 8:49is that only by a miracle
will the working poor be reempowered, -
8:49 - 8:51as they were in ancient Athens,
-
8:51 - 8:54without creating new forms
of brutality and waste. -
8:55 - 8:56But there is a solution:
-
8:57 - 8:59eliminate the working poor.
-
8:59 - 9:01Capitalism's doing it
-
9:01 - 9:06by replacing low-wage workers
with automata, androids, robots. -
9:07 - 9:08The problem is
-
9:08 - 9:12that as long as the economic
and the political spheres are separate, -
9:12 - 9:16automation makes the twin peaks taller,
-
9:17 - 9:18the waste loftier
-
9:18 - 9:20and the social conflicts deeper,
-
9:20 - 9:22including --
-
9:22 - 9:24soon, I believe --
-
9:24 - 9:25in places like China.
-
9:27 - 9:29So we need to reconfigure,
-
9:29 - 9:33we need to reunite the economic
and the political spheres, -
9:33 - 9:38but we'd better do it
by democratizing the reunified sphere, -
9:38 - 9:44lest we end up with
a surveillance-mad hyperautocracy -
9:44 - 9:48that makes The Matrix, the movie,
look like a documentary. -
9:48 - 9:50(Laughter)
-
9:50 - 9:53So the question is not
whether capitalism will survive -
9:53 - 9:55the technological innovations
it is spawning. -
9:56 - 9:58The more interesting question
-
9:58 - 10:03is whether capitalism will be succeeded
by something resembling a Matrix dystopia -
10:03 - 10:08or something much closer
to a Star Trek-like society, -
10:08 - 10:10where machines serve the humans
-
10:10 - 10:15and the humans expend their energies
exploring the universe -
10:15 - 10:19and indulging in long debates
about the meaning of life -
10:19 - 10:23in some ancient, Athenian-like,
high tech agora. -
10:24 - 10:28I think we can afford to be optimistic.
-
10:29 - 10:31But what would it take,
-
10:31 - 10:33what would it look like
-
10:33 - 10:38to have this Star Trek-like utopia,
instead of the Matrix-like dystopia? -
10:38 - 10:39In practical terms,
-
10:40 - 10:41allow me to share just briefly,
-
10:41 - 10:42a couple of examples.
-
10:43 - 10:45At the level of the enterprise,
-
10:45 - 10:47imagine a capital market,
-
10:47 - 10:50where you earn capital as you work,
-
10:51 - 10:56and where your capital follows you
from one job to another, -
10:56 - 10:58from one company to another,
-
10:58 - 10:59and the company --
-
10:59 - 11:02whichever one you happen
to work at at that time -- -
11:03 - 11:07is solely owned by those who happen
to work in it at that moment. -
11:07 - 11:12Then all income stems
from capital, from profits, -
11:12 - 11:16and the very concept
of wage labor becomes obsolete. -
11:17 - 11:23No more separation between those
who own but do not work in the company -
11:23 - 11:26and those who work
but do not own the company; -
11:26 - 11:30no more tug-of-war
between capital and labor; -
11:30 - 11:35no great gap between
investment and saving; -
11:35 - 11:38indeed, no towering twin peaks.
-
11:39 - 11:41At the level of the global
political economy, -
11:41 - 11:43imagine for a moment
-
11:43 - 11:48that our national currencies
have a free-floating exchange rate, -
11:48 - 11:52with a universal,
global, digital currency, -
11:52 - 11:56one that is issued
by the International Monetary Fund, -
11:56 - 11:57the G-20,
-
11:57 - 12:00on behalf of all humanity.
-
12:00 - 12:01And imagine further
-
12:01 - 12:05that all international trade
is denominated in this currency -- -
12:05 - 12:07let's call it "the cosmos,"
-
12:07 - 12:08in units of cosmos --
-
12:10 - 12:14with every government agreeing
to be paying into a common fund -
12:14 - 12:20a sum of cosmos units proportional
to the country's trade deficit, -
12:20 - 12:23or indeed to a country's trade surplus.
-
12:24 - 12:29And imagine that that fund is utilized
to invest in green technologies, -
12:29 - 12:34especially in parts of the world
where investment funding is scarce. -
12:35 - 12:36This is not a new idea.
-
12:36 - 12:40It's what, effectively,
John Maynard Keynes proposed -
12:40 - 12:43in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference.
-
12:44 - 12:45The problem is
-
12:45 - 12:49that back then, they didn't have
the technology to implement it. -
12:49 - 12:50Now we do,
-
12:50 - 12:56especially in the context
of a reunified political-economic sphere. -
12:57 - 12:59The world that I am describing to you
-
12:59 - 13:02is simultaneously libertarian,
-
13:02 - 13:06in that it prioritizes
empowered individuals, -
13:06 - 13:07Marxist,
-
13:07 - 13:11since it will have confined
to the dustbin of history -
13:11 - 13:13the division between capital and labor,
-
13:13 - 13:15and Keynesian,
-
13:15 - 13:17global Keynesian.
-
13:18 - 13:20But above all else,
-
13:20 - 13:25it is a world in which we will be able
to imagine an authentic democracy. -
13:26 - 13:28Will such a world dawn?
-
13:28 - 13:33Or shall we descend
into a Matrix-like dystopia? -
13:33 - 13:37The answer lies in the political choice
that we shall be making collectively. -
13:38 - 13:39It is our choice,
-
13:39 - 13:42and we'd better make it democratically.
-
13:42 - 13:44Thank you.
-
13:44 - 13:47(Applause)
-
13:49 - 13:51Bruno Giussani: Yanis ...
-
13:52 - 13:56It was you who described yourself
in your bios as a libertarian Marxist. -
13:58 - 14:01What is the relevance
of Marx's analysis today? -
14:02 - 14:05Yanis Varoufakis: Well, if there was
any relevance in what I just said, -
14:05 - 14:07then Marx is relevant.
-
14:07 - 14:10Because the whole point of reunifying
the political and economic is -- -
14:10 - 14:11if we don't do it,
-
14:11 - 14:14then technological innovation
is going to create -
14:14 - 14:16such a massive fall in aggregate demand,
-
14:16 - 14:21what Larry Summers
refers to as secular stagnation. -
14:21 - 14:24With this crisis migrating
from one part of the world, -
14:24 - 14:25as it is now,
-
14:25 - 14:28it will destabilize
not only our democracies, -
14:28 - 14:32but even the emerging world that is not
that keen on liberal democracy. -
14:32 - 14:36So if this analysis holds water,
then Marx is absolutely relevant. -
14:36 - 14:38But so is Hayek,
-
14:38 - 14:40that's why I'm a libertarian Marxist,
-
14:40 - 14:41and so is Keynes,
-
14:41 - 14:43so that's why I'm totally confused.
-
14:43 - 14:44(Laughter)
-
14:44 - 14:46BG: Indeed, and possibly we are too, now.
-
14:46 - 14:47(Laughter)
-
14:47 - 14:49(Applause)
-
14:49 - 14:52YV: If you are not confused,
you are not thinking, OK? -
14:52 - 14:55BG: That's a very, very Greek
philosopher kind of thing to say -- -
14:55 - 14:57YV: That was Einstein, actually --
-
14:57 - 15:00BG: During your talk
you mentioned Singapore and China, -
15:00 - 15:02and last night at the speaker dinner,
-
15:02 - 15:07you expressed a pretty strong opinion
about how the West looks at China. -
15:07 - 15:08Would you like to share that?
-
15:09 - 15:11YV: Well, there's a great
degree of hypocrisy. -
15:11 - 15:16In our liberal democracies,
we have a semblance of democracy. -
15:16 - 15:18It's because we have confined,
as I was saying in my talk, -
15:18 - 15:20democracy to the political sphere,
-
15:20 - 15:24while leaving the one sphere
where all the action is -- -
15:24 - 15:25the economic sphere --
-
15:25 - 15:27a completely democracy-free zone.
-
15:27 - 15:29In a sense,
-
15:29 - 15:31if I am allowed to be provocative,
-
15:32 - 15:36China today is closer to Britain
in the 19th century. -
15:36 - 15:38Because remember,
-
15:38 - 15:40we tend to associate
liberalism with democracy -- -
15:40 - 15:41that's a mistake, historically.
-
15:41 - 15:44Liberalism, liberal,
it's like John Stuart Mill. -
15:44 - 15:49John Stuart Mill was particularly
skeptical about the democratic process. -
15:49 - 15:54So what you are seeing now in China
is a very similar process -
15:54 - 15:57to the one that we had in Britain
during the Industrial Revolution, -
15:57 - 16:00especially the transition
from the first to the second. -
16:00 - 16:04And to be castigating China
-
16:04 - 16:07for doing that which the West did
in the 19th century, -
16:07 - 16:08smacks of hypocrisy.
-
16:10 - 16:13BG: I am sure that many people here
are wondering about your experience -
16:13 - 16:16as the Finance Minister of Greece
earlier this year. -
16:16 - 16:17YV: I knew this was coming.
-
16:17 - 16:19BG: Yes.
-
16:19 - 16:20BG: Six months after,
-
16:20 - 16:22how do you look back
at the first half of the year? -
16:24 - 16:27YV: Extremely exciting,
from a personal point of view, -
16:27 - 16:28and very disappointing,
-
16:28 - 16:32because we had an opportunity
to reboot the Eurozone. -
16:32 - 16:34Not just Greece, the Eurozone.
-
16:34 - 16:37To move away from the complacency
-
16:37 - 16:39and the constant denial
that there was a massive -- -
16:39 - 16:42and there is a massive
architectural fault line -
16:42 - 16:44going through the Eurozone,
-
16:44 - 16:49which is threatening, massively,
the whole of the European Union process. -
16:49 - 16:52We had an opportunity
on the basis of the Greek program -- -
16:52 - 16:53which by the way,
-
16:53 - 16:58was the first program
to manifest that denial -- -
16:58 - 16:59to put it right.
-
16:59 - 17:00And, unfortunately,
-
17:00 - 17:02the powers in the Eurozone,
-
17:02 - 17:03in the Eurogroup,
-
17:04 - 17:06chose to maintain denial.
-
17:06 - 17:07But you know what happens.
-
17:07 - 17:09This is the experience
of the Soviet Union. -
17:09 - 17:12When you try to keep alive
-
17:12 - 17:16an economic system
that architecturally cannot survive, -
17:17 - 17:19through political will
and through authoritarianism, -
17:19 - 17:21you may succeed in prolonging it,
-
17:21 - 17:22but when change happens
-
17:22 - 17:25it happens very abruptly
and catastrophically. -
17:25 - 17:27BG: What kind of change
are you foreseeing? -
17:27 - 17:28YV: Well, there's no doubt
-
17:28 - 17:31that if we don't change
the architecture of the Eurozone, -
17:31 - 17:33the Eurozone has no future.
-
17:33 - 17:36BG: Did you make any mistakes
when you were Finance Minister? -
17:36 - 17:37YV: Every day.
-
17:37 - 17:40BG: For example?
YV: Anybody who looks back -- -
17:40 - 17:42(Applause)
-
17:44 - 17:45No, but seriously.
-
17:46 - 17:49If there's any Minister of Finance,
or of anything else for that matter, -
17:49 - 17:51who tells you after six months in a job,
-
17:51 - 17:55especially in such a stressful situation,
-
17:55 - 17:58that they have made no mistake,
they're dangerous people. -
17:58 - 17:59Of course I made mistakes.
-
17:59 - 18:02The greatest mistake
was to sign the application -
18:02 - 18:04for the extension of a loan agreement
-
18:04 - 18:06in the end of February.
-
18:06 - 18:07I was imagining
-
18:07 - 18:10that there was a genuine interest
on the side of the creditors -
18:10 - 18:11to find common ground.
-
18:11 - 18:12And there wasn't.
-
18:12 - 18:15They were simply interested
in crushing our government, -
18:15 - 18:17just because they did not want
-
18:17 - 18:20to have to deal with
the architectural fault lines -
18:20 - 18:22that were running through the Eurozone.
-
18:22 - 18:24And because they didn't want to admit
-
18:24 - 18:27that for five years they were implementing
a catastrophic program in Greece. -
18:27 - 18:30We lost one-third of our nominal GDP.
-
18:30 - 18:32This is worse than the Great Depression.
-
18:32 - 18:33And no one has come clean
-
18:33 - 18:36from the troika of lenders
that have been imposing this policy -
18:36 - 18:39to say, "This was a colossal mistake."
-
18:39 - 18:41BG: Despite all this,
-
18:41 - 18:43and despite the aggressiveness
of the discussion, -
18:43 - 18:45you seem to be remaining
quite pro-European. -
18:45 - 18:47YV: Absolutely.
-
18:47 - 18:51Look, my criticism
of the European Union and the Eurozone -
18:51 - 18:55comes from a person
who lives and breathes Europe. -
18:56 - 18:59My greatest fear is that
the Eurozone will not survive. -
18:59 - 19:01Because if it doesn't,
-
19:01 - 19:04the centrifugal forces
that will be unleashed -
19:04 - 19:05will be demonic,
-
19:05 - 19:07and they will destroy the European Union.
-
19:07 - 19:10And that will be catastrophic
not just for Europe -
19:10 - 19:11but for the whole global economy.
-
19:11 - 19:16We are probably the largest
economy in the world. -
19:16 - 19:17And if we allow ourselves
-
19:17 - 19:20to fall into a route
of the postmodern 1930's, -
19:20 - 19:23which seems to me to be what we are doing,
-
19:23 - 19:25then that will be detrimental
-
19:25 - 19:28to the future of Europeans
and non-Europeans alike. -
19:28 - 19:31BG: We definitely hope
you are wrong on that point. -
19:31 - 19:32Yanis, thank you for coming to TED.
-
19:32 - 19:33YV: Thank you.
-
19:34 - 19:38(Applause)
- Title:
- Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up
- Speaker:
- Yanis Varoufakis
- Description:
-
Have you wondered why politicians aren't what they used to be, why governments seem unable to solve real problems? Economist Yanis Varoufakis, the former Minister of Finance for Greece, says that it's because you can be in politics today but not be in power -- because real power now belongs to those who control the economy. He believes that the mega-rich and corporations are cannibalizing the political sphere, causing financial crisis. In this talk, hear his dream for a world in which capital and labor no longer struggle against each other, "one that is simultaneously libertarian, Marxist and Keynesian."
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 19:51
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene approved English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Capitalism will eat democracy -- unless we speak up |