Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds
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0:01 - 0:04You are a high-ranking
military service member -
0:04 - 0:06deployed to Afghanistan.
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0:08 - 0:10You are responsible for the lives
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0:10 - 0:13of hundreds of men and women,
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0:13 - 0:15and your base is under attack.
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0:16 - 0:19Incoming mortar rounds
are exploding all around you. -
0:20 - 0:23Struggling to see
through the dust and the smoke, -
0:23 - 0:26you do your best to assist the wounded
-
0:26 - 0:28and then crawl to a nearby bunker.
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0:29 - 0:32Conscious but dazed by the blasts,
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0:32 - 0:36you lay on your side and attempt
to process what has just happened. -
0:38 - 0:40As you regain your vision,
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0:40 - 0:42you see a bloody face
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0:42 - 0:44staring back at you.
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0:45 - 0:48The image is terrifying,
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0:48 - 0:51but you quickly come to understand
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0:51 - 0:53it's not real.
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0:54 - 0:59This vision continues to visit you
multiple times a day and in your sleep. -
0:59 - 1:03You choose not to tell anyone
for fear of losing your job -
1:03 - 1:04or being seen as weak.
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1:06 - 1:08You give the vision a name,
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1:08 - 1:10Bloody Face in Bunker,
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1:10 - 1:12and call it BFIB for short.
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1:14 - 1:17You keep BFIB locked away in your mind,
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1:17 - 1:19secretly haunting you,
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1:19 - 1:22for the next seven years.
-
1:24 - 1:25Now close your eyes.
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1:27 - 1:29Can you see BFIB?
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1:32 - 1:34If you can, you're beginning
to see the face -
1:34 - 1:37of the invisible wounds of war,
-
1:37 - 1:40commonly known
as post-traumatic stress disorder -
1:40 - 1:41and traumatic brain injury.
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1:42 - 1:45While I can't say I have
post-traumatic stress disorder, -
1:45 - 1:47I've never been a stranger to it.
-
1:48 - 1:52When I was a little girl, I would visit
my grandparents every summer. -
1:53 - 1:54It was my grandfather
-
1:54 - 1:57who introduced me to the effects
of combat on the psyche. -
1:59 - 2:02While my grandfather was serving
as a Marine in the Korean War, -
2:02 - 2:06a bullet pierced his neck
and rendered him unable to cry out. -
2:07 - 2:10He watched as a corpsman passed him over,
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2:10 - 2:11declaring him a goner,
-
2:11 - 2:13and then leaving him to die.
-
2:15 - 2:18Years later, after his
physical wounds had healed -
2:18 - 2:19and he'd returned home,
-
2:19 - 2:23he rarely spoke of his
experiences in waking life. -
2:24 - 2:27But at night I would hear him
shouting obscenities -
2:27 - 2:28from his room down the hall.
-
2:29 - 2:33And during the day I would announce myself
as I entered the room, -
2:33 - 2:35careful not to startle or agitate him.
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2:37 - 2:39He lived out the remainder of his days
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2:39 - 2:42isolated and tight-lipped,
-
2:42 - 2:44never finding a way to express himself,
-
2:44 - 2:47and I didn't yet
have the tools to guide him. -
2:50 - 2:52I wouldn't have a name
for my grandfather's condition -
2:52 - 2:54until I was in my 20s.
-
2:55 - 2:58Seeking a graduate degree in art therapy,
-
2:58 - 3:01I naturally gravitated
towards the study of trauma. -
3:02 - 3:06And while sitting in class learning
about post-traumatic stress disorder, -
3:06 - 3:08or PTSD for short,
-
3:08 - 3:12my mission to help service members
who suffered like my grandfather -
3:12 - 3:13began to take form.
-
3:15 - 3:18We've had various names
for post-traumatic stress -
3:18 - 3:19throughout the history of war:
-
3:20 - 3:22homesickness,
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3:22 - 3:24soldier's heart,
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3:25 - 3:26shell shock,
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3:27 - 3:29thousand-yard stare, for instance.
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3:30 - 3:33And while I was pursuing my degree,
a new war was raging, -
3:33 - 3:37and thanks to modern body armor
and military vehicles, -
3:37 - 3:40service members were surviving
blast injuries they wouldn't have before. -
3:42 - 3:45But the invisible wounds
were reaching new levels, -
3:45 - 3:48and this pushed military doctors
and researchers -
3:48 - 3:53to try and truly understand the effects
that traumatic brain injury, or TBI, -
3:53 - 3:56and PTSD have on the brain.
-
3:57 - 4:00Due to advances
in technology and neuroimaging, -
4:00 - 4:03we now know there's
an actual shutdown in the Broca's, -
4:03 - 4:08or the speech-language area of the brain,
after an individual experiences trauma. -
4:09 - 4:11This physiological change,
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4:11 - 4:14or speechless terror as it's often called,
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4:14 - 4:17coupled with mental health stigma,
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4:17 - 4:18the fear of being judged
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4:18 - 4:20or misunderstood,
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4:20 - 4:23possibly even removed
from their current duties, -
4:23 - 4:27has led to the invisible struggles
of our servicemen and women. -
4:28 - 4:31Generation after generation of veterans
-
4:31 - 4:35have chosen not to talk
about their experiences, -
4:35 - 4:37and suffer in solitude.
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4:39 - 4:42I had my work cut out for me
when I got my first job -
4:42 - 4:46as an art therapist at the nation's
largest military medical center, -
4:46 - 4:47Walter Reed.
-
4:47 - 4:51After working for a few years
on a locked-in patient psychiatric unit, -
4:51 - 4:56I eventually transferred to the National
Intrepid Center of Excellence, NICoE, -
4:56 - 5:00which leads TBI care
for active duty service members. -
5:01 - 5:03Now, I believed in art therapy,
-
5:03 - 5:06but I was going to have
to convince service members, -
5:06 - 5:10big, tough, strong, manly military men,
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5:10 - 5:11and some women too,
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5:12 - 5:16to give art-making as
a psychotherapeutic intervention a try. -
5:17 - 5:21The results have been
nothing short of spectacular. -
5:22 - 5:24Vivid, symbolic artwork
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5:24 - 5:27is being created
by our servicemen and women, -
5:27 - 5:30and every work of art tells a story.
-
5:31 - 5:34We've observed that the process
of art therapy bypasses -
5:34 - 5:36the speech-language issue with the brain.
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5:37 - 5:41Art-making accesses the same sensory
areas of the brain that encode trauma. -
5:42 - 5:46Service members can use the art-making
to work through their experiences -
5:46 - 5:47in a nonthreatening way.
-
5:48 - 5:51They can then apply words
to their physical creations, -
5:51 - 5:55reintegrating the left
and the right hemispheres of the brain. -
5:57 - 6:00Now, we've seen this can work
with all forms of art -- -
6:00 - 6:03drawing, painting, collage --
-
6:03 - 6:06but what seems to have the most impact
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6:07 - 6:08is mask-making.
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6:09 - 6:13Finally, these invisible wounds
don't just have a name, -
6:14 - 6:15they have a face.
-
6:17 - 6:19And when service members
create these masks, -
6:19 - 6:23it allows them to come to grips,
literally, with their trauma. -
6:24 - 6:26And it's amazing
how often that enables them -
6:26 - 6:29to break through the trauma
and start to heal. -
6:31 - 6:32Remember BFIB?
-
6:34 - 6:37That was a real experience
for one of my patients, -
6:37 - 6:39and when he created his mask,
-
6:39 - 6:42he was able to let go
of that haunting image. -
6:43 - 6:46Initially, it was a daunting process
for the service member, -
6:46 - 6:49but eventually he began
to think of BFIB as the mask, -
6:49 - 6:51not his internal wound,
-
6:51 - 6:52and he would go to leave each session,
-
6:53 - 6:56he would hand me the mask,
and say, "Melissa, take care of him." -
6:56 - 7:01Eventually, we placed BFIB in a box
to further contain him, -
7:01 - 7:03and when the service member
went to leave the NICoE, -
7:03 - 7:05he chose to leave BFIB behind.
-
7:06 - 7:09A year later, he had only seen BFIB twice,
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7:09 - 7:11and both times BFIB was smiling
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7:11 - 7:13and the service member
didn't feel anxious. -
7:14 - 7:17Now, whenever that service member
is haunted by some traumatic memory, -
7:17 - 7:19he continues to paint.
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7:20 - 7:23Every time he paints
these disturbing images, -
7:23 - 7:25he sees them less or not at all.
-
7:27 - 7:31Philosophers have told us
for thousands of years -
7:31 - 7:32that the power to create
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7:32 - 7:35is very closely linked
to the power to destroy. -
7:36 - 7:38Now science is showing us
that the part of the brain -
7:38 - 7:40that registers a traumatic wound
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7:40 - 7:43can be the part of the brain
where healing happens too. -
7:44 - 7:47And art therapy is showing us
how to make that connection. -
7:48 - 7:50We asked one of our service members
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7:50 - 7:54to describe how mask-making
impacted his treatment, -
7:54 - 7:55and this is what he had to say.
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7:56 - 7:59(Video) Service Member:
You sort of just zone out into the mask. -
7:59 - 8:00You zone out into the drawing,
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8:00 - 8:04and for me, it just released the block,
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8:05 - 8:08so I was able to do it.
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8:08 - 8:11And then when I looked at it
after two days, I was like, -
8:11 - 8:15"Holy crap, here's the picture,
here's the key, here's the puzzle," -
8:15 - 8:17and then from there it just soared.
-
8:17 - 8:20I mean, from there
my treatment just when out of sight, -
8:20 - 8:23because they were like,
Kurt, explain this, explain this. -
8:23 - 8:25And for the first time in 23 years,
-
8:25 - 8:28I could actually talk about stuff
openly to, like, anybody. -
8:28 - 8:31I could talk to you about it
right now if I wanted to, -
8:31 - 8:33because it unlocked it.
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8:33 - 8:35It's just amazing.
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8:35 - 8:39And it allowed me to put 23 years of PTSD
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8:40 - 8:46and TBI stuff together in one place
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8:46 - 8:48that has never happened before.
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8:50 - 8:51Sorry.
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8:52 - 8:54Melissa Walker: Over the past five years,
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8:54 - 8:58we've had over 1,000 masks made.
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8:58 - 8:59It's pretty amazing, isn't it?
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9:01 - 9:02Thank you.
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9:02 - 9:04(Applause)
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9:07 - 9:11I wish I could have shared
this process with my grandfather, -
9:12 - 9:14but I know that he would be thrilled
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9:15 - 9:17that we are finding ways
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9:17 - 9:20to help today's and tomorrow's
service members heal, -
9:21 - 9:24and finding the resources within them
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9:25 - 9:26that they can call upon
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9:26 - 9:28to heal themselves.
-
9:30 - 9:31Thank you.
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9:31 - 9:35(Applause)
- Title:
- Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds
- Speaker:
- Melissa Walker
- Description:
-
Trauma silences its victims, says creative arts therapist Melissa Walker, but art can help those suffering from the psychological wounds of war begin to open up and heal. In this inspiring talk, Walker describes how mask-making, in particular, allows afflicted servicemen and women reveal what haunts them -- and, finally, start to let it go.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 09:48
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Brian Greene approved English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz accepted English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Joanna Pietrulewicz edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Joseph Geni edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds | ||
Amara Bot edited English subtitles for Art can heal PTSD's invisible wounds |