The unstoppable walk to political reform
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0:01 - 0:07So a chip, a poet and a boy.
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0:07 - 0:08It's just about 20 years ago,
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0:08 - 0:12June 1994, when Intel announced
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0:12 - 0:14that there was a flaw
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0:14 - 0:17at the core of their Pentium chip.
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0:17 - 0:19Deep in the code of the SRT algorithm
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0:19 - 0:21to calculate intermediate quotients necessary
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0:21 - 0:23for iterative floating points of divisions --
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0:23 - 0:26I don't know what that means, but
it's what it says on Wikipedia — -
0:26 - 0:29there was a flaw and an error
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0:29 - 0:31that meant that there was a certain probability
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0:31 - 0:34that the result of the calculation would be an error,
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0:34 - 0:37and the probability was one out of every
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0:37 - 0:41360 billion calculations.
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0:41 - 0:43So Intel said your average spreadsheet
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0:43 - 0:47would be flawed once every 27,000 years.
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0:47 - 0:48They didn't think it was significant,
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0:48 - 0:52but there was an outrage in the community.
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0:52 - 0:54The community, the techies, said, this flaw
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0:54 - 0:55has to be addressed.
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0:55 - 0:57They were not going to stand by quietly
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0:57 - 0:59as Intel gave them these chips.
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0:59 - 1:01So there was a revolution across the world.
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1:01 - 1:04People marched to demand --
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1:04 - 1:06okay, not really exactly like that —
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1:06 - 1:09but they rose up and they demanded
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1:09 - 1:12that Intel fix the flaw.
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1:12 - 1:18And Intel set aside 475 million dollars
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1:18 - 1:20to fund the replacement of millions of chips
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1:20 - 1:21to fix the flaw.
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1:21 - 1:23So billions of dollars in our society
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1:23 - 1:26was spent to address a problem
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1:26 - 1:30which would come once out of every 360 billion
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1:30 - 1:32calculations.
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1:32 - 1:34Number two, a poet.
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1:34 - 1:37This is Martin Niemöller.
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1:37 - 1:38You're familiar with his poetry.
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1:38 - 1:40Around the height of the Nazi period,
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1:40 - 1:42he started repeating the verse,
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1:42 - 1:44"First they came for the communists,
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1:44 - 1:45and I did nothing,
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1:45 - 1:48did not speak out because I was not a communist.
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1:48 - 1:49Then they came for the socialists.
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1:49 - 1:51Then they came for the trade unions.
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1:51 - 1:52Then they came for the Jews.
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1:52 - 1:55And then they came for me.
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1:55 - 2:00But there was no one left to speak for me."
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2:00 - 2:03Now, Niemöller is offering a certain kind of insight.
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2:03 - 2:06This is an insight at the core of intelligence.
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2:06 - 2:09We could call it cluefulness.
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2:09 - 2:11It's a certain kind of test:
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2:11 - 2:13Can you recognize
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2:13 - 2:16an underlying threat and respond?
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2:16 - 2:19Can you save yourself or save your kind?
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2:19 - 2:21Turns out ants are pretty good at this.
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2:21 - 2:23Cows, not so much.
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2:23 - 2:25So can you see the pattern?
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2:25 - 2:28Can you see a pattern and then recognize
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2:28 - 2:32and do something about it? Number two.
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2:32 - 2:34Number three, a boy.
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2:34 - 2:36This is my friend Aaron Swartz.
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2:36 - 2:37He's Tim's friend.
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2:37 - 2:39He's friends of many of you in this audience,
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2:39 - 2:41and seven years ago,
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2:41 - 2:44Aaron came to me with a question.
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2:44 - 2:46It was just before I was going
to give my first TED Talk. -
2:46 - 2:49I was so proud. I was telling him about my talk,
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2:49 - 2:51"Laws that choke creativity."
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2:51 - 2:53And Aaron looked at me
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2:53 - 2:55and was a little impatient, and he said,
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2:55 - 2:59"So how are you ever
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2:59 - 3:01going to solve the problems you're talking about?
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3:01 - 3:03Copyright policy, Internet policy,
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3:03 - 3:06how are you ever going to address those problems
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3:06 - 3:09so long as there's this fundamental corruption
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3:09 - 3:12in the way our government works?"
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3:12 - 3:15So I was a little put off by this.
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3:15 - 3:17He wasn't sharing in my celebration.
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3:17 - 3:18And I said to him, "You know, Aaron,
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3:18 - 3:21it's not my field, not my field."
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3:21 - 3:23He said, "You mean as an
academic, it's not your field?" -
3:23 - 3:26I said, "Yeah, as an academic, it's not my field."
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3:26 - 3:29He said, "What about as a citizen?
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3:29 - 3:33As a citizen."
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3:33 - 3:34Now, this is the way Aaron was.
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3:34 - 3:39He didn't tell. He asked questions.
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3:39 - 3:41But his questions spoke as clearly
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3:41 - 3:44as my four-year-old's hug.
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3:44 - 3:45He was saying to me,
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3:45 - 3:47"You've got to get a clue.
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3:47 - 3:49You have got to get a clue, because there is
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3:49 - 3:52a flaw at the core of the operating system
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3:52 - 3:54of this democracy,
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3:54 - 3:58and it's not a flaw every one out of 360 billion times
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3:58 - 4:00our democracy tries to make a decision.
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4:00 - 4:01It is every time,
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4:01 - 4:04every single important issue.
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4:04 - 4:08We've got to end the bovinity of this political society.
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4:08 - 4:10We've got to adopt, it turns out,
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4:10 - 4:13the word is fourmi-formatic attitude --
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4:13 - 4:15that's what the Internet tells me the word is --
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4:15 - 4:17the ant's appreciative attitude
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4:17 - 4:19that gets us to recognize this flaw,
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4:19 - 4:25save our kind and save our demos.
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4:25 - 4:27Now if you know Aaron Swartz,
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4:27 - 4:30you know that we lost him
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4:30 - 4:33just over a year ago.
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4:33 - 4:34It was about six weeks
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4:34 - 4:36before I gave my TED Talk,
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4:36 - 4:38and I was so grateful to Chris
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4:38 - 4:39that he asked me to give this TED Talk,
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4:39 - 4:41not because I had the chance to talk to you,
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4:41 - 4:44although that was great,
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4:44 - 4:47but because it pulled me out
of an extraordinary depression. -
4:47 - 4:52I couldn't begin to describe the sadness.
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4:52 - 4:53Because I had to focus.
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4:53 - 4:57I had to focus on, what was I going to say to you?
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4:57 - 4:59It saved me.
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4:59 - 5:01But after the buzz, the excitement,
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5:01 - 5:06the power that comes from this community,
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5:06 - 5:08I began to yearn for a less sterile,
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5:08 - 5:11less academic way to address these issues,
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5:11 - 5:15the issues that I was talking about.
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5:15 - 5:17We'd begun to focus on New Hampshire
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5:17 - 5:19as a target for this political movement,
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5:19 - 5:22because the primary in New Hampshire
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5:22 - 5:24is so incredibly important.
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5:24 - 5:26It was a group called the New Hampshire Rebellion
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5:26 - 5:29that was beginning to talk about, how would we make
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5:29 - 5:32this issue of this corruption central in 2016?
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5:32 - 5:35But it was another soul that caught my imagination,
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5:35 - 5:41a woman named Doris Haddock, aka Granny D.
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5:41 - 5:44On January 1, 1999, 15 years ago,
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5:44 - 5:49at the age of 88, Granny D started a walk.
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5:49 - 5:52She started in Los Angeles
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5:52 - 5:55and began to walk to Washington, D.C.
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5:55 - 5:58with a single sign on her chest that said,
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5:58 - 6:00"campaign finance reform."
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6:00 - 6:03Eighteen months later,
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6:03 - 6:05at the age of 90,
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6:05 - 6:07she arrived in Washington
with hundreds following her, -
6:07 - 6:10including many congressmen
who had gotten in a car -
6:10 - 6:13and driven out about a mile outside of the city
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6:13 - 6:14to walk in with her.
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6:14 - 6:17(Laughter)
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6:17 - 6:20Now, I don't have 13 months
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6:20 - 6:22to walk across the country.
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6:22 - 6:24I've got three kids who hate to walk,
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6:24 - 6:26and a wife who, it turns out,
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6:26 - 6:27still hates when I'm not there
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6:27 - 6:29for mysterious reasons,
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6:29 - 6:30so this was not an option,
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6:30 - 6:31but the question I asked,
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6:31 - 6:34could we remix Granny D a bit?
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6:34 - 6:36What about a walk not of 3,200 miles
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6:36 - 6:40but of 185 miles across New Hampshire
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6:40 - 6:43in January?
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6:43 - 6:46So on January 11,
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6:46 - 6:48the anniversary of Aaron's death,
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6:48 - 6:52we began a walk that ended on January 24th,
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6:52 - 6:57the day that Granny D was born.
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6:57 - 7:01A total of 200 people joined us across this walk,
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7:01 - 7:05as we went from the very top to the
very bottom of New Hampshire -
7:05 - 7:07talking about this issue.
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7:07 - 7:09And what was astonishing to me,
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7:09 - 7:11something I completely did not expect to find,
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7:11 - 7:14was the passion and anger
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7:14 - 7:19that there was among everyone
that we talked to about this issue. -
7:19 - 7:25We had found in a poll that 96 percent of Americans
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7:25 - 7:26believe it important to reduce the influence
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7:26 - 7:29of money in politics.
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7:29 - 7:31Now politicians and pundits tell you,
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7:31 - 7:33there's nothing we can do about this issue,
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7:33 - 7:34Americans don't care about it,
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7:34 - 7:36but the reason for that is
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7:36 - 7:38that 91 percent of Americans
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7:38 - 7:43think there's nothing that can
be done about this issue. -
7:43 - 7:45And it's this gap between 96 and 91
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7:45 - 7:48that explains our politics of resignation.
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7:48 - 7:50I mean, after all, at least 96 percent of us
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7:50 - 7:52wish we could fly like Superman,
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7:52 - 7:55but because at least 91 percent
of us believe we can't, -
7:55 - 7:58we don't leap off of tall buildings every time
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7:58 - 7:59we have that urge.
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7:59 - 8:01That's because we accept our limits,
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8:01 - 8:04and so too with this reform.
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8:04 - 8:08But when you give people the sense of hope,
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8:08 - 8:15you begin to thaw that
absolute sense of impossibility. -
8:15 - 8:18As Harvey Milk said, if you give 'em hope,
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8:18 - 8:21you give 'em a chance, a way to think
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8:21 - 8:23about how this change is possible.
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8:23 - 8:26Hope.
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8:26 - 8:30And hope is the one thing that we, Aaron's friends,
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8:30 - 8:33failed him with, because we let him
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8:33 - 8:38lose that sense of hope.
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8:38 - 8:42I loved that boy like I love my son.
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8:46 - 8:50But we failed him.
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8:50 - 8:54And I love my country,
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8:54 - 8:56and I'm not going to fail that.
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8:56 - 8:57I'm not going to fail that.
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8:57 - 9:01That sense of hope, we're going to hold,
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9:01 - 9:02and we're going to fight for,
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9:02 - 9:07however impossible this battle looks.
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9:07 - 9:08What's next?
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9:08 - 9:12Well, we started with this march with 200 people,
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9:12 - 9:15and next year, there will be 1,000
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9:15 - 9:17on different routes
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9:17 - 9:19that march in the month of January
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9:19 - 9:23and meet in Concord to celebrate this cause,
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9:23 - 9:26and then in 2016, before the primary,
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9:26 - 9:29there will be 10,000 who march across that state,
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9:29 - 9:32meeting in Concord to celebrate this cause.
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9:32 - 9:34And as we have marched, people around the country
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9:34 - 9:36have begun to say, "Can we do the same thing
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9:36 - 9:37in our state?"
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9:37 - 9:40So we've started a platform called G.D. Walkers,
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9:40 - 9:42that is, Granny D walkers,
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9:42 - 9:44and Granny D walkers across the country
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9:44 - 9:47will be marching for this reform. Number one.
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9:47 - 9:49Number two, on this march,
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9:49 - 9:52one of the founders of Thunderclap, David Cascino,
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9:52 - 9:54was with us,
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9:54 - 9:55and he said, "Well what can we do?"
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9:55 - 9:58And so they developed a platform,
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9:58 - 10:00which we are announcing today,
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10:00 - 10:02that allows us to pull together voters
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10:02 - 10:05who are committed to this idea of reform.
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10:05 - 10:06Regardless of where you are,
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10:06 - 10:09in New Hampshire or outside of New Hampshire,
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10:09 - 10:11you can sign up and directly be informed
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10:11 - 10:14where the candidates are on this issue
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10:14 - 10:15so you can decide who to vote for
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10:15 - 10:18as a function of which is going
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10:18 - 10:23to make this possibility real.
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10:23 - 10:27And then finally number three, the hardest.
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10:27 - 10:28We're in the age of the Super PAC.
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10:28 - 10:31Indeed yesterday, Merriam announced
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10:31 - 10:35that Merriam-Webster will have Super PAC as a word.
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10:35 - 10:38It is now an official word in the dictionary.
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10:38 - 10:44So on May 1, aka May Day,
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10:44 - 10:47we're going to try an experiment.
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10:47 - 10:48We're going to try a launching
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10:48 - 10:51of what we can think of as a Super PAC
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10:51 - 10:54to end all Super PACs.
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10:54 - 10:56And the basic way this works is this.
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10:56 - 10:58For the last year, we have been working
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10:58 - 11:01with analysts and political experts
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11:01 - 11:05to calculate, how much would it cost
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11:05 - 11:07to win enough votes in the United States Congress
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11:07 - 11:09to make fundamental reform possible?
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11:09 - 11:12What is that number? Half a billion? A billion?
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11:12 - 11:14What is that number?
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11:14 - 11:16And then whatever that number is,
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11:16 - 11:18we are going to kickstart, sort of,
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11:18 - 11:20because you can't use KickStarter for political work,
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11:20 - 11:23but anyway, kickstart, sort of,
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11:23 - 11:25first a bottom-up campaign
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11:25 - 11:28where people will make small dollar commitments
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11:28 - 11:31contingent on reaching very ambitious goals,
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11:31 - 11:33and when those goals have been reached,
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11:33 - 11:38we will turn to the large dollar contributors,
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11:38 - 11:41to get them to contribute to make it possible
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11:41 - 11:44for us to run the kind of Super PAC necessary
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11:44 - 11:46to win this issue,
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11:46 - 11:49to change the way money influences politics,
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11:49 - 11:52so that on November 8,
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11:52 - 11:55which I discovered yesterday is the day
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11:55 - 11:59that Aaron would have been 30 years old,
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11:59 - 12:01on November 8,
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12:01 - 12:05we will celebrate 218 representatives
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12:05 - 12:07in the House and 60 Senators
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12:07 - 12:09in the United States Senate
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12:09 - 12:11who have committed to this idea
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12:11 - 12:13of fundamental reform.
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12:13 - 12:17So last night, we heard about wishes.
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12:17 - 12:19Here's my wish.
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12:19 - 12:22May one.
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12:22 - 12:25May the ideals of one boy
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12:25 - 12:30unite one nation behind one critical idea
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12:30 - 12:32that we are one people,
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12:32 - 12:36we are the people who were promised a government,
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12:36 - 12:38a government that was promised to be
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12:38 - 12:43dependent upon the people alone, the people,
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12:43 - 12:46who, as Madison told us,
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12:46 - 12:49meant not the rich more than the poor.
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12:49 - 12:51May one.
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12:51 - 12:56And then may you, may you join this movement,
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12:56 - 12:58not because you're a politician,
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12:58 - 12:59not because you're an expert,
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12:59 - 13:02not because this is your field,
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13:02 - 13:04but because if you are,
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13:04 - 13:08you are a citizen.
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13:08 - 13:11Aaron asked me that.
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13:11 - 13:14Now I've asked you.
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13:14 - 13:15Thank you very much.
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13:15 - 13:23(Applause)
- Title:
- The unstoppable walk to political reform
- Speaker:
- Lawrence Lessig
- Description:
-
Seven years ago, Internet activist Aaron Swartz convinced Lawrence Lessig to take up the fight for political reform. A year after Swartz's tragic death, Lessig continues his campaign to free US politics from the stranglehold of corruption. In this fiery, deeply personal talk, he calls for all citizens to engage, and offers a heartfelt reminder to never give up hope.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 13:44
Morton Bast approved English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Madeleine Aronson accepted English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Madeleine Aronson edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform | ||
Madeleine Aronson edited English subtitles for The unstoppable walk to political reform |