Let's end ageism
-
0:01 - 0:05What's one thing that every person
in this room is going to become? -
0:05 - 0:06Older.
-
0:06 - 0:09And most of us are scared stiff
at the prospect. -
0:09 - 0:11How does that word make you feel?
-
0:12 - 0:13I used to feel the same way.
-
0:14 - 0:16What was I most worried about?
-
0:16 - 0:19Ending up drooling
in some grim institutional hallway. -
0:19 - 0:22And then I learned that only
four percent of older Americans -
0:23 - 0:24are living in nursing homes,
-
0:24 - 0:25and the percentage is dropping.
-
0:26 - 0:28What else was I worried about?
-
0:28 - 0:30Dementia.
-
0:30 - 0:33Turns out that most of us
can think just fine to the end. -
0:33 - 0:35Dementia rates are dropping, too.
-
0:35 - 0:38The real epidemic is anxiety
over memory loss. -
0:38 - 0:40(Laughter)
-
0:40 - 0:42I also figured that old people
were depressed -
0:42 - 0:46because they were old
and they were going to die soon. -
0:46 - 0:47(Laughter)
-
0:47 - 0:49It turns out that the longer people live,
-
0:49 - 0:51the less they fear dying,
-
0:51 - 0:55and that people are happiest at
the beginnings and the end of their lives. -
0:55 - 0:57It's called the U-curve of happiness,
-
0:57 - 1:00and it's been borne out
by dozens of studies around the world. -
1:00 - 1:03You don't have to be a Buddhist
or a billionaire. -
1:03 - 1:07The curve is a function of the way
aging itself affects the brain. -
1:07 - 1:10So I started feeling a lot better
about getting older, -
1:10 - 1:15and I started obsessing about why
so few people know these things. -
1:15 - 1:17The reason is ageism:
-
1:17 - 1:21discrimination and stereotyping
on the basis of age. -
1:21 - 1:25We experience it anytime someone assumes
we're too old for something, -
1:25 - 1:28instead of finding out who we are
and what we're capable of, -
1:28 - 1:30or too young.
-
1:30 - 1:32Ageism cuts both ways.
-
1:32 - 1:38All -isms are socially constructed
ideas -- racism, sexism, homophobia -- -
1:38 - 1:40and that means we make them up,
-
1:40 - 1:42and they can change over time.
-
1:42 - 1:45All these prejudices
pit us against each other -
1:45 - 1:47to maintain the status quo,
-
1:47 - 1:51like auto workers in the US competing
against auto workers in Mexico -
1:51 - 1:54instead of organizing for better wages.
-
1:54 - 1:56(Applause)
-
1:56 - 2:00We know it's not OK to allocate
resources by race or by sex. -
2:00 - 2:04Why should it be OK to weigh
the needs of the young against the old? -
2:05 - 2:08All prejudice relies on "othering" --
seeing a group of people -
2:08 - 2:10as other than ourselves:
-
2:10 - 2:13other race, other religion,
other nationality. -
2:13 - 2:15The strange thing about ageism:
-
2:16 - 2:18that other is us.
-
2:18 - 2:21Ageism feeds on denial --
our reluctance to acknowledge -
2:21 - 2:24that we are going to become
that older person. -
2:25 - 2:28It's denial when we try
to pass for younger -
2:28 - 2:31or when we believe in anti-aging products,
-
2:31 - 2:34or when we feel like our bodies
are betraying us, -
2:34 - 2:36simply because they are changing.
-
2:36 - 2:40Why on earth do we stop celebrating
the ability to adapt and grow -
2:40 - 2:42as we move through life?
-
2:42 - 2:45Why should aging well mean
struggling to look and move -
2:45 - 2:47like younger versions of ourselves?
-
2:48 - 2:50It's embarrassing
to be called out as older -
2:50 - 2:52until we quit being embarrassed about it,
-
2:52 - 2:55and it's not healthy to go through life
dreading our futures. -
2:55 - 2:59The sooner we get off
this hamster wheel of age denial, -
2:59 - 3:01the better off we are.
-
3:02 - 3:04Stereotypes are always
a mistake, of course, -
3:04 - 3:05but especially when it comes to age,
-
3:05 - 3:07because the longer we live,
-
3:07 - 3:09the more different
from one another we become. -
3:09 - 3:10Right? Think about it.
-
3:10 - 3:13And yet, we tend to think of everyone
in a retirement home -
3:13 - 3:15as the same age: old --
-
3:15 - 3:17(Laughter)
-
3:17 - 3:19when they can span four decades.
-
3:19 - 3:22Can you imagine thinking that way
about a group of people -
3:22 - 3:24between the ages of 20 and 60?
-
3:25 - 3:28When you get to a party, do you head
for people your own age? -
3:28 - 3:31Have you ever grumbled
about entitled millennials? -
3:32 - 3:35Have you ever rejected a haircut
or a relationship or an outing -
3:35 - 3:38because it's not age-appropriate?
-
3:38 - 3:39For adults, there's no such thing.
-
3:40 - 3:42All these behaviors are ageist.
-
3:42 - 3:44We all do them,
-
3:44 - 3:47and we can't challenge bias
unless we're aware of it. -
3:47 - 3:48Nobody's born ageist,
-
3:48 - 3:50but it starts at early childhood,
-
3:50 - 3:53around the same time attitudes
towards race and gender start to form, -
3:53 - 3:57because negative messages
about late life bombard us -
3:57 - 4:00from the media and popular
culture at every turn. -
4:00 - 4:02Right? Wrinkles are ugly.
-
4:02 - 4:03Old people are pathetic.
-
4:03 - 4:05It's sad to be old.
-
4:05 - 4:06Look at Hollywood.
-
4:06 - 4:09A survey of recent
Best Picture nominations -
4:09 - 4:12found that only 12 percent
of speaking or named characters -
4:12 - 4:14were age 60 and up,
-
4:14 - 4:17and many of them
were portrayed as impaired. -
4:17 - 4:19Older people can be
the most ageist of all, -
4:19 - 4:22because we've had a lifetime
to internalize these messages -
4:22 - 4:25and we've never thought to challenge them.
-
4:25 - 4:26I had to acknowledge it
-
4:26 - 4:28and stop colluding.
-
4:28 - 4:30"Senior moment" quips, for example:
-
4:30 - 4:32I stopped making them when it dawned on me
-
4:32 - 4:35that when I lost
the car keys in high school, -
4:35 - 4:36I didn't call it a "junior moment."
-
4:36 - 4:39(Laughter)
-
4:39 - 4:42I stopped blaming
my sore knee on being 64. -
4:42 - 4:43My other knee doesn't hurt,
-
4:43 - 4:45and it's just as old.
-
4:45 - 4:47(Laughter)
-
4:47 - 4:48(Applause)
-
4:48 - 4:51We are all worried about
some aspect of getting older, -
4:51 - 4:53whether running out of money,
-
4:53 - 4:55getting sick, ending up alone,
-
4:55 - 4:58and those fears are legitimate and real.
-
4:58 - 5:00But what never dawns on most of us
-
5:00 - 5:02is that the experience of reaching old age
-
5:02 - 5:05can be better or worse
depending on the culture -
5:05 - 5:06in which it takes place.
-
5:07 - 5:10It is not having a vagina
that makes life harder for women. -
5:10 - 5:11It's sexism.
-
5:11 - 5:13(Applause)
-
5:13 - 5:16It's not loving a man that makes
life harder for gay guys. -
5:16 - 5:17It's homophobia.
-
5:17 - 5:21And it is not the passage of time
that makes getting older -
5:21 - 5:23so much harder than it has to be.
-
5:23 - 5:24It is ageism.
-
5:24 - 5:25When labels are hard to read
-
5:25 - 5:27or there's no handrail
-
5:27 - 5:29or we can't open the damn jar,
-
5:29 - 5:30we blame ourselves,
-
5:30 - 5:32our failure to age successfully,
-
5:32 - 5:36instead of the ageism that makes
those natural transitions shameful -
5:36 - 5:40and the discrimination that makes
those barriers acceptable. -
5:41 - 5:43You can't make money off satisfaction,
-
5:43 - 5:45but shame and fear create markets,
-
5:45 - 5:48and capitalism always needs new markets.
-
5:48 - 5:50Who says wrinkles are ugly?
-
5:50 - 5:53The multi-billion-dollar
skin care industry. -
5:53 - 5:57Who says perimenopause and low T
and mild cognitive impairment -
5:57 - 5:58are medical conditions?
-
5:59 - 6:01The trillion-dollar
pharmaceutical industry. -
6:01 - 6:02(Cheers)
-
6:02 - 6:04The more clearly we see
these forces at work, -
6:04 - 6:07the easier it is to come up
with alternative, more positive -
6:07 - 6:10and more accurate narratives.
-
6:10 - 6:15Aging is not a problem to be fixed
or a disease to be cured. -
6:15 - 6:20It is a natural, powerful,
lifelong process that unites us all. -
6:21 - 6:25Changing the culture is a tall order,
I know that, but culture is fluid. -
6:25 - 6:28Look at how much the position
of women has changed in my lifetime -
6:28 - 6:31or the incredible strides
that the gay rights movement -
6:31 - 6:33has made in just a few decades, right?
-
6:33 - 6:34(Applause)
-
6:34 - 6:35Look at gender.
-
6:35 - 6:38We used to think of it
as a binary, male or female, -
6:38 - 6:40and now we understand it's a spectrum.
-
6:40 - 6:44It is high time to ditch
the old-young binary, too. -
6:44 - 6:47There is no line in the sand
between old and young, -
6:47 - 6:48after which it's all downhill.
-
6:49 - 6:51And the longer we wait
to challenge that idea, -
6:51 - 6:55the more damage it does
to ourselves and our place in the world, -
6:55 - 6:58like in the workforce,
where age discrimination is rampant. -
6:59 - 7:02In Silicon Valley, engineers
are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged -
7:02 - 7:03before key interviews --
-
7:03 - 7:06and these are skilled
white men in their 30s, -
7:06 - 7:08so imagine the effects
further down the food chain. -
7:08 - 7:11(Laughter)
-
7:11 - 7:14The personal and economic
consequences are devastating. -
7:14 - 7:18Not one stereotype about older workers
holds up under scrutiny. -
7:18 - 7:22Companies aren't adaptable and creative
because their employees are young; -
7:22 - 7:25they're adaptable and creative despite it.
-
7:25 - 7:26Companies --
-
7:26 - 7:28(Laughter)
-
7:28 - 7:30(Applause)
-
7:30 - 7:33We know that diverse companies
aren't just better places to work; -
7:33 - 7:34they work better.
-
7:34 - 7:38And just like race and sex,
age is a criterion for diversity. -
7:39 - 7:41A growing body of fascinating research
-
7:41 - 7:43shows that attitudes towards aging
-
7:43 - 7:46affect how our minds and bodies
function at the cellular level. -
7:46 - 7:49When we talk to older people
like this (Speaks more loudly) -
7:49 - 7:51or call them "sweetie" or "young lady" --
-
7:51 - 7:53it's called elderspeak --
-
7:53 - 7:55they appear to instantly age,
-
7:55 - 7:57walking and talking less competently.
-
7:58 - 8:00People with more positive
feelings towards aging -
8:00 - 8:01walk faster,
-
8:01 - 8:03they do better on memory tests,
-
8:03 - 8:05they heal quicker, and they live longer.
-
8:06 - 8:09Even with brains
full of plaques and tangles, -
8:09 - 8:11some people stayed sharp to the end.
-
8:11 - 8:13What did they have in common?
-
8:13 - 8:14A sense of purpose.
-
8:14 - 8:18And what's the biggest obstacle
to having a sense of purpose in late life? -
8:18 - 8:22A culture that tells us that getting older
means shuffling offstage. -
8:22 - 8:25That's why the World Health
Organization is developing -
8:25 - 8:26a global anti-ageism initiative
-
8:26 - 8:30to extend not just
life span but health span. -
8:30 - 8:32Women experience the double whammy
-
8:32 - 8:34of ageism and sexism,
-
8:34 - 8:36so we experience aging differently.
-
8:36 - 8:39There's a double standard
at work here -- shocker -- -
8:39 - 8:40(Laughter)
-
8:40 - 8:44the notion that aging enhances men
and devalues women. -
8:45 - 8:49Women reinforce this double standard
when we compete to stay young, -
8:49 - 8:52another punishing and losing proposition.
-
8:52 - 8:54Does any woman in this room really believe
-
8:54 - 8:56that she is a lesser version --
-
8:56 - 9:00less interesting, less fun in bed,
less valuable -- -
9:00 - 9:02than the woman she once was?
-
9:02 - 9:04This discrimination affects our health,
-
9:04 - 9:06our well-being and our income,
-
9:06 - 9:08and the effects add up over time.
-
9:09 - 9:11They are further compounded
by race and by class, -
9:11 - 9:13which is why, everywhere in the world,
-
9:13 - 9:16the poorest of the poor
are old women of color. -
9:17 - 9:19What's the takeaway from that map?
-
9:20 - 9:22By 2050, one out of five of us,
-
9:22 - 9:24almost two billion people,
-
9:24 - 9:26will be age 60 and up.
-
9:26 - 9:29Longevity is a fundamental hallmark
of human progress. -
9:29 - 9:34All these older people represent a vast
unprecedented and untapped market. -
9:35 - 9:39And yet, capitalism and urbanization
have propelled age bias -
9:39 - 9:41into every corner of the globe,
-
9:41 - 9:44from Switzerland,
where elders fare the best, -
9:44 - 9:49to Afghanistan, which sits at the bottom
of the Global AgeWatch Index. -
9:49 - 9:52Half of the world's countries
aren't mentioned on that list -
9:52 - 9:55because we don't bother to collect data
on millions of people -
9:55 - 9:57because they're no longer young.
-
9:58 - 10:00Almost two-thirds of people
over 60 around the world -
10:00 - 10:03say they have trouble
accessing healthcare. -
10:03 - 10:07Almost three-quarters say their income
doesn't cover basic services -
10:07 - 10:11like food, water, electricity,
and decent housing. -
10:11 - 10:15Is this the world we want our children,
who may well live to be a hundred, -
10:15 - 10:17to inherit?
-
10:17 - 10:21Everyone -- all ages,
all genders, all nationalities -- -
10:21 - 10:23is old or future-old,
-
10:23 - 10:27and unless we put an end to it,
ageism will oppress us all. -
10:27 - 10:30And that makes it a perfect target
for collective advocacy. -
10:31 - 10:35Why add another -ism to the list
when so many, racism in particular, -
10:35 - 10:37call out for action?
-
10:37 - 10:38Here's the thing:
-
10:38 - 10:40we don't have to choose.
-
10:40 - 10:43When we make the world
a better place to grow old in, -
10:43 - 10:46we make it a better place
in which to be from somewhere else, -
10:46 - 10:48to have a disability,
-
10:48 - 10:51to be queer, to be non-rich,
to be non-white. -
10:51 - 10:56And when we show up at all ages
for whatever cause matters most to us -- -
10:56 - 10:58save the whales, save the democracy --
-
10:58 - 11:01we not only make
that effort more effective, -
11:01 - 11:04we dismantle ageism in the process.
-
11:04 - 11:06Longevity is here to stay.
-
11:06 - 11:09A movement to end ageism is underway.
-
11:09 - 11:12I'm in it, and I hope you will join me.
-
11:12 - 11:16(Applause and cheers)
-
11:17 - 11:21Thank you. Let's do it! Let's do it!
-
11:21 - 11:24(Applause)
- Title:
- Let's end ageism
- Speaker:
- Ashton Applewhite
- Description:
-
It's not the passage of time that makes it so hard to get older. It's ageism, a prejudice that pits us against our future selves -- and each other. Ashton Applewhite urges us to dismantle the dread and mobilize against the last socially acceptable prejudice. "Aging is not a problem to be fixed or a disease to be cured," she says. "It is a natural, powerful, lifelong process that unites us all."
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 11:37
Maricene Crus commented on English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene approved English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for Let's end ageism |
Maricene Crus
9:52 - 9:55
because we don't bother to collect data
on ALMOST 2 million people
Thank you!