The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you
-
0:01 - 0:06The shocking police crackdown
on protestors in Ferguson, Missouri, -
0:06 - 0:09in the wake of the police
shooting of Michael Brown, -
0:09 - 0:13underscored the extent to which advanced
military weapons and equipment, -
0:13 - 0:15designed for the battlefield,
-
0:15 - 0:16are making their way
-
0:16 - 0:20to small-town police departments
across the United States. -
0:21 - 0:22Although much tougher to observe,
-
0:22 - 0:26this same thing is happening
with surveillance equipment. -
0:26 - 0:29NSA-style mass
surveillance is enabling -
0:29 - 0:32local police departments
to gather vast quantities -
0:32 - 0:35of sensitive information
about each and every one of us -
0:35 - 0:39in a way that was
never previously possible. -
0:39 - 0:43Location information can
be very sensitive. -
0:43 - 0:45If you drive your car around
the United States, -
0:45 - 0:47it can reveal if you go
to a therapist, -
0:47 - 0:50attend an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting,
-
0:50 - 0:53if you go to church
or if you don't go to church. -
0:53 - 0:54And when that
information about you -
0:54 - 0:58is combined with the same information
about everyone else, -
0:58 - 1:00the government can gain
a detailed portrait -
1:00 - 1:03of how private citizens interact.
-
1:03 - 1:06This information used to be private.
-
1:06 - 1:07Thanks to modern technology,
-
1:07 - 1:12the government knows far too much
about what happens behind closed doors. -
1:12 - 1:16And local police departments make
decisions about who they think you are -
1:16 - 1:19based on this information.
-
1:19 - 1:24One of the key technologies
driving mass location tracking -
1:24 - 1:27is the innocuous-sounding
Automatic License Plate Reader. -
1:27 - 1:28If you haven't seen one,
-
1:28 - 1:32it's probably because you didn't
know what to look for -- -
1:32 - 1:33they're everywhere.
-
1:33 - 1:36Mounted on roads or
on police cars, -
1:36 - 1:41Automatic License Plate Readers
capture images of every passing car -
1:41 - 1:44and convert the license plate
into machine-readable text -
1:44 - 1:48so that they can be checked
against hot lists -
1:48 - 1:51of cars potentially wanted
for wrongdoing. -
1:51 - 1:53But more than that, increasingly,
-
1:53 - 1:55local police departments
are keeping records -
1:55 - 1:58not just of people wanted for wrongdoing,
-
1:58 - 2:01but of every plate that
passes them by, -
2:01 - 2:05resulting in the collection
of mass quantities of data -
2:05 - 2:07about where Americans have gone.
-
2:07 - 2:09Did you know this
was happening? -
2:10 - 2:13When Mike Katz-Lacabe asked
his local police department -
2:13 - 2:17for information about the plate
reader data they had on him, -
2:17 - 2:18this is what they got:
-
2:18 - 2:21in addition to the date,
time and location, -
2:21 - 2:25the police department had
photographs that captured -
2:25 - 2:28where he was going and
often who he was with. -
2:28 - 2:32The second photo from the top
is a picture of Mike and his two daughters -
2:32 - 2:36getting out of their car
in their own driveway. -
2:36 - 2:38The government has
hundreds of photos like this -
2:38 - 2:41about Mike going about his daily life.
-
2:41 - 2:43And if you drive a car
in the United States, -
2:43 - 2:46I would bet money
that they have photographs -
2:46 - 2:49like this of you going
about your daily life. -
2:49 - 2:51Mike hasn't done anything wrong.
-
2:51 - 2:55Why is it okay that the government
is keeping all of this information? -
2:55 - 2:57The reason it's happening is because,
-
2:57 - 3:00as the cost of storing
this data has plummeted, -
3:00 - 3:03the police departments
simply hang on to it, -
3:03 - 3:06just in case it could be useful someday.
-
3:06 - 3:09The issue is not just that
one police department -
3:09 - 3:11is gathering this information in isolation
-
3:11 - 3:14or even that multiple police
departments are doing it. -
3:14 - 3:17At the same time, the federal government
-
3:17 - 3:20is collecting all of these
individual pots of data, -
3:20 - 3:24and pooling them together
into one vast database -
3:24 - 3:25with hundreds of millions of hits,
-
3:25 - 3:27showing where Americans have traveled.
-
3:28 - 3:31This document from the
Federal Drug Enforcement Administration, -
3:31 - 3:34which is one of the agencies
primarily interested in this, -
3:34 - 3:38is one of several that reveal
the existence of this database. -
3:38 - 3:41Meanwhile, in New York City,
-
3:41 - 3:45the NYPD has driven police cars
equipped with license plate readers -
3:45 - 3:49past mosques in order to
figure out who is attending. -
3:49 - 3:53The uses and abuses of this technology
aren't limited to the United States. -
3:53 - 3:56In the U.K., the police department
-
3:56 - 4:00put 80-year-old John Kat
on a plate reader watch list -
4:00 - 4:04after he had attended dozens of
lawful political demonstrations -
4:04 - 4:09where he liked to sit on a bench
and sketch the attendees. -
4:09 - 4:12License plate readers aren't the
only mass location tracking technology -
4:12 - 4:14available to law enforcement agents today.
-
4:14 - 4:17Through a technique known as
a cell tower dump, -
4:17 - 4:21law enforcement agents can
uncover who was using -
4:21 - 4:23one or more cell towers
at a particular time, -
4:23 - 4:25a technique which has been known to reveal
-
4:25 - 4:29the location of tens of thousands
and even hundreds of thousands of people. -
4:29 - 4:33Also, using a device known as a StingRay,
-
4:33 - 4:35law enforcement agents
can send tracking signals -
4:35 - 4:40inside people's houses
to identify the cell phones located there. -
4:40 - 4:42And if they don't know
which house to target, -
4:42 - 4:44they've been known
to drive this technology -
4:44 - 4:47around through whole neighborhoods.
-
4:47 - 4:52Just as the police in Ferguson possess
high-tech military weapons and equipment, -
4:52 - 4:55so too do police departments across
the United States -
4:55 - 4:57possess high-tech surveillance gear.
-
4:57 - 4:59Just because you don't see it,
-
4:59 - 5:02doesn't mean it's not there.
-
5:02 - 5:04The question is, what should
we do about this? -
5:04 - 5:08I think this poses a serious
civil liberties threat. -
5:08 - 5:12History has shown that once the police
have massive quantities of data, -
5:12 - 5:14tracking the movements of innocent people,
-
5:14 - 5:18it gets abused, maybe for blackmail,
maybe for political advantage, -
5:18 - 5:21or maybe for simple voyeurism.
-
5:21 - 5:23Fortunately, there are steps we can take.
-
5:23 - 5:27Local police departments can
be governed by the city councils, -
5:27 - 5:30which can pass laws requiring the police
-
5:30 - 5:33to dispose of the data
about innocent people -
5:33 - 5:36while allowing the legitimate
uses of the technology to go forward. -
5:36 - 5:37Thank you.
-
5:37 - 5:41(Applause).
- Title:
- The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you
- Speaker:
- Catherine Crump
- Description:
-
A very unsexy-sounding piece of technology could mean that the police know where you go, with whom, and when: the automatic license plate reader. These cameras are innocuously placed all across small-town America to catch known criminals, but as lawyer and TED Fellow Catherine Crump shows, the data they collect in aggregate could have disastrous consequences for everyone the world over.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 05:54
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you | ||
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Morton Bast edited English subtitles for The small and surprisingly dangerous detail the police track about you | ||
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