Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? - Betsy Schwarm
-
0:11 - 0:14Light, bright, and cheerful.
-
0:14 - 0:18It's some of the most familiar
of all early 18th century music. -
0:18 - 0:21It's been featured in uncounted films
and television commercials, -
0:21 - 0:25but what is it
and why does it sound that way? -
0:25 - 0:27This is the opening of "Spring"
from "The Four Seasons," -
0:27 - 0:31by Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi.
-
0:31 - 0:35"The Four Seasons" are famous in part
because they are a delight to the ear. -
0:35 - 0:37However, even more notable
-
0:37 - 0:40is the fact that
they have stories to tell. -
0:40 - 0:43At the time of their publication
in Amsterdam in 1725, -
0:43 - 0:45they were accompanied by poems
-
0:45 - 0:48describing exactly what feature
of that season -
0:48 - 0:51Vivaldi intended to capture
in musical terms. -
0:51 - 0:54In providing specific plot content
for instrumental music, -
0:54 - 0:58Vivaldi was generations ahead of his time.
-
0:58 - 1:01If one were to read the poems
simultaneously to hearing the music, -
1:01 - 1:04one would find the poetic scenes
-
1:04 - 1:07synchronizing nicely
with the musical imagery. -
1:07 - 1:11We are told that the birds welcome
spring with happy song, -
1:11 - 1:16and here they are doing exactly that.
-
1:16 - 1:21Soon, however,
a thunderstorm breaks out. -
1:21 - 1:23Not only is there musical thunder
and lightning, -
1:23 - 1:25there are also more birds,
-
1:25 - 1:31wet, frightened, and unhappy.
-
1:31 - 1:39In "Summer," the turtle dove sings
her name "tortorella" in Italian, -
1:39 - 1:46before a hail storm flattens the fields.
-
1:46 - 1:54"Autumn" brings eager hunters dashing
out in pursuit of their prey. -
1:54 - 2:01The "Winter" concerto begins with teeth
chattering in the cold -
2:01 - 2:07before one takes refuge by
a crackling fire. -
2:07 - 2:09Then it's back out into the storm
-
2:09 - 2:15where there'll be slips
and falls on the ice. -
2:15 - 2:18In these first weeks of winter,
the old year is coming to a close, -
2:18 - 2:23and so does Vivaldi's musical exploration
of the seasons. -
2:23 - 2:25Not until the early 19th century
-
2:25 - 2:28would such expressive instrumental
program music, as it was known, -
2:28 - 2:30become popular.
-
2:30 - 2:33By then, larger, more varied ensembles
were the rule -
2:33 - 2:37with woodwinds, brass, and percussion
to help tell the tale. -
2:37 - 2:42But Vivaldi pulled it off with just
one violin, strings, and a harpsichord. -
2:42 - 2:44Unlike his contemporary Bach,
-
2:44 - 2:48Vivaldi wasn't much interested
in complicated fugues. -
2:48 - 2:52He preferred to offer readily
accessible entertainment to his listeners -
2:52 - 2:55with melodies that pop back up later
in a piece -
2:55 - 2:58to remind us of where we've been.
-
2:58 - 3:02So the first movement of the "Spring"
concerto begins with a theme for spring -
3:02 - 3:13and ends with it, too, slightly varied
from when it was last heard. -
3:13 - 3:15It was an inspired way
to attract listeners, -
3:15 - 3:17and Vivaldi,
-
3:17 - 3:21considered one of the most electrifying
violinists of the early 18th century, -
3:21 - 3:24understood the value
of attracting audiences. -
3:24 - 3:28Such concerts might feature himself
as the star violinist. -
3:28 - 3:30Others presented the young musicians
of the Pietà, -
3:30 - 3:35a Venetian girls' school
where Vivaldi was Director of Music. -
3:35 - 3:36Most of the students were orphans.
-
3:36 - 3:41Music training was intended not only
as social skills suitable for young ladies -
3:41 - 3:43but also as potential careers
-
3:43 - 3:46for those who might fail
to make good marriages. -
3:46 - 3:48Even in the composer's own time,
-
3:48 - 3:51Vivaldi's music served
as diversion for all, -
3:51 - 3:54not just for the wealthy aristocrats.
-
3:54 - 3:57300 years later, it's an approach
that still works, -
3:57 - 4:00and Vivaldi's music still sounds
like trotting horses on the move.
- Title:
- Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? - Betsy Schwarm
- Speaker:
- Betsy Schwarm
- Description:
-
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-should-you-listen-to-vivaldi-s-four-seasons-betsy-schwarm
Light, bright, and cheerful, "The Four Seasons" by Antonio Vivaldi is some of the most familiar of all early 18th century music, featured in numerous films and television commercials. But what is its significance, and why does it sound that way? Betsy Schwarm uncovers the underlying narrative of this musical masterpiece.
Lesson by Betsy Schwarm, animation by Compote Collective.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TED-Ed
- Duration:
- 04:20
Michelle Mehrtens edited English subtitles for Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? | ||
Jessica Ruby approved English subtitles for Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? | ||
Jessica Ruby accepted English subtitles for Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? | ||
Jessica Ruby edited English subtitles for Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? | ||
Jennifer Cody edited English subtitles for Why should you listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons"? |