Three words that will change your life | Mark Holder | TEDxKelowna
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0:12 - 0:14Thank you for giving me the opportunity
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0:14 - 0:17to talk about something
I'm really passionate about: -
0:17 - 0:18happiness.
-
0:18 - 0:22I lead a research team
at the University of British Columbia -
0:22 - 0:24that studies the science of happiness.
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0:26 - 0:27Lead a research team,
-
0:27 - 0:29how arrogant is that?
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0:29 - 0:30Let me tell you what I really do.
-
0:30 - 0:34What I really do is I work
with really bright undergraduates, -
0:34 - 0:36graduate students, and professors
-
0:36 - 0:41who do just terrific work
that I shamelessly take credit for. -
0:41 - 0:42And that's I am going to do now,
-
0:42 - 0:45just another example of it.
-
0:45 - 0:47And I've been doing this
for the last ten years. -
0:47 - 0:50In the last ten years,
I've identified three words. -
0:51 - 0:56Three words that will change your life
by increasing your happiness. -
0:56 - 0:58But, like a timeshare talk,
-
0:58 - 0:59(Laughter)
-
0:59 - 1:02you've got to wait till the very end
before you get the reward, -
1:02 - 1:04which is the three words.
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1:04 - 1:05(Laughter)
-
1:06 - 1:08When I found out
the theme of this talk was -
1:08 - 1:10"What I want to be when I grow up,"
-
1:10 - 1:12I thought it was
a perfect fit, a lovely fit. -
1:12 - 1:16Because for most of us
near the top of the list, -
1:16 - 1:18at the top of the list:
-
1:18 - 1:20we want to be happy.
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1:20 - 1:22And it reminded me of a story -
a story by John Lennon, -
1:22 - 1:24a former member of the Beatles.
-
1:24 - 1:26John Lennon said,
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1:28 - 1:30that when he was a young boy, growing up,
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1:30 - 1:32his mum said to him,
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1:32 - 1:34"John, the most important thing in life,
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1:34 - 1:37the most important thing is to be happy."
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1:37 - 1:39So, when John was in grade school,
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1:39 - 1:42the teacher assigned a task to the class
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1:42 - 1:45and asked each child a question.
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1:45 - 1:47And the question was:
-
1:47 - 1:50"What do you want to be
when you grow up?" -
1:50 - 1:53And John Lennon said,
"I want to be happy!" -
1:53 - 1:55And the teacher said, "No, John.
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1:55 - 1:58You don't understand the question."
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1:58 - 2:02And John Lennon said,
"No, you don't understand life." -
2:02 - 2:04(Laughter)
-
2:04 - 2:08And I think that criticism
that John Lennon levelled at his teacher -
2:08 - 2:10is a criticism that can be levelled
-
2:10 - 2:15at health researchers
and health care practitioners. -
2:15 - 2:17It can be levelled at people like me.
-
2:17 - 2:20Because we kind of missed out
on what life is about, -
2:21 - 2:23about happiness.
-
2:23 - 2:25Let me demonstrate that
in the following quote. -
2:26 - 2:31"Much has been gained if we succeed
in taking your hysterical misery -
2:32 - 2:35and turning it into common unhappiness."
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2:36 - 2:37Really!?
-
2:37 - 2:39I hate this quote.
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2:39 - 2:43And the reason I dislike this quote
so much is first off: it is wrong. -
2:43 - 2:44We've now measured happiness
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2:44 - 2:50in thousands and thousands and thousands
of children, adolescents, and adults. -
2:51 - 2:52We've measured happiness in people
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2:52 - 2:54from Zambia to New Delhi,
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2:55 - 2:58from Dubai to Western Canada.
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2:58 - 3:00And what we find,
it's happiness that's common, -
3:00 - 3:02not unhappiness.
-
3:02 - 3:05And the second reason I dislike this quote
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3:05 - 3:08is because it sets the bar so low for us.
-
3:08 - 3:12It says we are successful
if we take people from the emotional dregs -
3:12 - 3:16and raise them up
a smidgen to unhappiness. -
3:16 - 3:18Really?
-
3:18 - 3:20We can do more than that,
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3:20 - 3:22and we can do better than that.
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3:22 - 3:24And part of doing more and better
-
3:24 - 3:27are the three words
that can change your life. -
3:28 - 3:31Well, this is actually a quote
by Sigmund Freud, -
3:31 - 3:33the father of psychoanalytic theory,
-
3:33 - 3:35and tells us about the roots of psychology
-
3:35 - 3:38through such a negative lens,
-
3:38 - 3:43and it's not just the roots of psychology,
it's current psychology. -
3:43 - 3:45In my office, I've got a dictionary.
-
3:45 - 3:50It's a great, big, fat dictionary
of all the words psychologists use. -
3:50 - 3:54So I took that dictionary, and I looked up
the word "depression" in it, -
3:54 - 3:58and there are 18 different
definitions of depression. -
3:58 - 4:01We know a lot about depression.
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4:01 - 4:04So then I looked up "happiness,"
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4:04 - 4:0618 definitions of depression,
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4:06 - 4:07happiness?
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4:09 - 4:10It wasn't in it.
-
4:10 - 4:13It's like it's not in the vocabulary
of current psychologists, -
4:13 - 4:16and it's not just
a criticism of psychology. -
4:17 - 4:20Psychology, medicine, psychiatry,
and neuroscience, -
4:20 - 4:22they've all traditionally focused on
-
4:22 - 4:25what's wrong with you
and how do we fix it. -
4:25 - 4:29They are about deficits,
disease, and dysfunction. -
4:29 - 4:31And that is a really good thing.
-
4:31 - 4:32It's a good thing.
-
4:32 - 4:37Because of it, we've got new approaches,
and ways of identifying and helping people -
4:37 - 4:40with mental health
and physical health challenges. -
4:40 - 4:43It's a really good thing.
-
4:43 - 4:46I just don't believe it's the only thing.
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4:46 - 4:49And again, we can do more than this,
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4:49 - 4:51and we can do better than this.
-
4:51 - 4:56And one way of doing more and better
is a newly emerging field of psychology - -
4:57 - 4:59a field called positive psychology.
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4:59 - 5:00Positive psychology
-
5:00 - 5:03isn't about what's wrong with you
and how do we fix it. -
5:03 - 5:05Positive psychology
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5:05 - 5:08is about what's right with you
and how do we promote it. -
5:08 - 5:09What's right with you -
-
5:10 - 5:14what's right with you is your ability
to love and be loved by others. -
5:14 - 5:17It's your kindness. It's your gratitude.
-
5:17 - 5:20It's your strength,
your courage, your bravery. -
5:20 - 5:24It's about what contributes
to your thriving and flourishing. -
5:24 - 5:27It's what makes life worth living
-
5:27 - 5:29and of course, that includes
your happiness. -
5:31 - 5:34One of the things that the research
in positive psychology has shown us -
5:34 - 5:36over the last 20 years
-
5:36 - 5:40is there's no one-size-fits-all
model for happiness. -
5:41 - 5:44What makes me happy is quite likely
different from what makes you happy. -
5:44 - 5:46And what makes you happy now
-
5:46 - 5:51is different from what made you happy
ten years ago or 20 years in the future. -
5:51 - 5:55There's no single recipe
that will increase your happiness -
5:55 - 5:58at all times and for all people.
-
5:59 - 6:02But the other thing
positive psychology has taught us -
6:02 - 6:06is that happy people
share one thing in common. -
6:07 - 6:11They have strong high quality
personal relationships. -
6:11 - 6:14It's really difficult
to find somebody who is happy, -
6:14 - 6:17who doesn't have good personal friendships
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6:17 - 6:22and/or are engaged in a satisfying
romantic relationship. -
6:24 - 6:27So, who benefits
from these personal relationships? -
6:28 - 6:30Well, the literature and science
-
6:30 - 6:35is full of examples
of how adults are happier -
6:35 - 6:37if they have personal relationships.
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6:37 - 6:39In our own work,
we've looked at children, -
6:39 - 6:42and we find that children are happy
-
6:42 - 6:47if they've got friendships
and friends they see regularly. -
6:47 - 6:51In fact, even imaginary friends help.
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6:51 - 6:55Children with imaginary
friends are happier. -
6:55 - 6:57They laugh more; they smile more;
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6:57 - 6:58they are happier.
-
6:58 - 7:01And it's not just people
from the general population. -
7:01 - 7:05We've also looked at people
in vulnerable populations. -
7:05 - 7:08For example, we've looked at people
with acquired brain injury, -
7:08 - 7:13people that have brain damage
from a car accident or from a stroke. -
7:14 - 7:16And they're not as happy.
-
7:16 - 7:18Not all of them, some of them stay happy.
-
7:18 - 7:21And those that stay happy
with brain injuries, -
7:21 - 7:25those that are sort of
buffered or immunized -
7:25 - 7:30against the deficits
or the problems of a brain injury, -
7:30 - 7:33are those with high quality
social relationships; -
7:33 - 7:35they protect them from unhappiness.
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7:35 - 7:38We've looked at people
with emotional processing disorders. -
7:39 - 7:41One of them is alexithymia.
-
7:41 - 7:43Alexithymia is a disorder
-
7:43 - 7:45where people have difficulty
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7:45 - 7:50identifying and communicating
the emotions of their own and others. -
7:51 - 7:54If you were on a date
with somebody with alexithymia, -
7:54 - 7:56and you said, "How are you feeling?"
-
7:56 - 8:00They would say,
"I'm going to the store later today." -
8:00 - 8:02And you go, "It doesn't seem quite right."
-
8:02 - 8:07So you say, "What? No, no. I mean inside!
Inside, how are you really feeling?" -
8:07 - 8:10And they might say,
"Well, I'm a little hungry." -
8:10 - 8:15They don't get the emotional world
and they're unhappy. -
8:15 - 8:20And their unhappiness is explained in part
by their poor social relationships. -
8:21 - 8:24And we look at psychopathy and happiness.
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8:24 - 8:28Psychopaths are Ted Bundys
of the societies. -
8:28 - 8:30They're not nice people.
-
8:30 - 8:32They manipulate. They cheat.
-
8:32 - 8:34They use others. They feel no remorse.
-
8:35 - 8:38They feel no empathy. They use people.
-
8:39 - 8:42And I thought maybe people
that are psychopaths -
8:42 - 8:43would be really happy.
-
8:43 - 8:46After all, they get what they want.
-
8:46 - 8:50And they don't feel badly about it,
in terms of using others. -
8:50 - 8:53On the other hand,
I thought maybe they're really unhappy. -
8:53 - 8:57After all, they've got really
poor social relationships -
8:57 - 9:00that are characterized
by manipulating others. -
9:00 - 9:05Well, it turns out psychopaths
are really unhappy, -
9:05 - 9:10and their unhappiness is explained
by their poor social relationships. -
9:11 - 9:13So this is how we normally see it.
-
9:13 - 9:16We see that personal relationships
make us happy. -
9:16 - 9:20And yes, this is what
the research literature tells us. -
9:20 - 9:27And it's the opposite too,
that happiness improves our relationship. -
9:27 - 9:28So given the tight connection
-
9:28 - 9:32between our personal relationships
and our happiness, -
9:32 - 9:36we should be looking at happiness
when we're developing relationships. -
9:37 - 9:39If you're courting somebody,
if you're wooing somebody, -
9:39 - 9:41if you're online dating,
-
9:41 - 9:44and you see a profile
of an attractive person, -
9:44 - 9:47and you go "Wow! Add to cart."
-
9:47 - 9:50(Laughter)
-
9:50 - 9:54When you do these things,
we need to take into account happiness. -
9:54 - 9:57So, a survey was done of undergraduates,
-
9:57 - 9:58and they were asked,
-
9:58 - 10:02"What do you look for
in your relationship with a partner, -
10:02 - 10:06a romantic partner,
a long-lasting enduring romantic partner?" -
10:06 - 10:08Well, these are undergraduates.
-
10:08 - 10:10So you have to explain it to them.
-
10:10 - 10:11You say -
-
10:12 - 10:17The undergraduates will say,
"A long-term romantic relationship? -
10:17 - 10:20Do you mean like for the entire weekend?"
-
10:20 - 10:22And that's not what we really mean here,
-
10:22 - 10:25we mean a long-term relationship
-
10:25 - 10:28where you think about
may be having children with the person, -
10:28 - 10:30spending the rest of your life with them."
-
10:30 - 10:33And this is what the undergraduates
would say when they get it: -
10:33 - 10:4053% of them say love is important.
32% say companionship is important. -
10:40 - 10:454% recognize romance,
2% recognize financial security, -
10:45 - 10:50and 1% - just 1% of them say sex.
-
10:50 - 10:53And these results
are important for two reasons. -
10:53 - 10:56The first thing it shows us
-
10:56 - 10:59is that only 1%
of the undergraduates are honest. -
10:59 - 11:03(Laughter)
-
11:03 - 11:07(Applause)
-
11:09 - 11:11Thank you.
-
11:11 - 11:15And the second thing
it shows us is we got it wrong. -
11:15 - 11:19One of the single best predictors
of your happiness -
11:19 - 11:22is the happiness of your romantic partner.
-
11:23 - 11:25Other people matter.
-
11:27 - 11:30So, I know what you're thinking right now.
-
11:30 - 11:33I can actually read your minds -
comes with the psychology background. -
11:34 - 11:35You are thinking:
-
11:35 - 11:39Yeah, relationships and happiness
are well interconnected. -
11:39 - 11:40And you're golden.
-
11:40 - 11:45You're golden because you
have 6,318 Facebook friends. -
11:45 - 11:47But that's not what we mean here.
-
11:47 - 11:51It's the quality of your relationships
that count, not the quantity. -
11:51 - 11:53Think of the beautiful Scottish saying:
-
11:53 - 11:56You can count the true friends
in your entire lifetime -
11:56 - 12:00on the fingers of just one hand.
-
12:00 - 12:02And that's what we're referring to.
-
12:03 - 12:0625 years ago, when people were asked:
-
12:08 - 12:09List your friends,
-
12:09 - 12:12the friends you can go to
in case of a serious setback, -
12:12 - 12:15like you had a mental health illness.
-
12:15 - 12:16Who could you go talk to?
-
12:17 - 12:2025 years ago, people listed three friends.
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12:21 - 12:22But now it's different.
-
12:22 - 12:28Now we have Facebook, we have SnapChat,
now we have Twitter, tweeting, and email. -
12:28 - 12:32And it has gone, from 25 years ago,
from mere three friends, -
12:32 - 12:35now it's gone all the way up
to one and a half friends. -
12:36 - 12:39We've gone in the wrong direction.
-
12:39 - 12:43You know that on Facebook
you post, on Twitter you tweet, -
12:43 - 12:45and on eHarmony you lie.
-
12:45 - 12:47(Laughter)
-
12:47 - 12:50But I don't think
it's too big a stretch for us -
12:50 - 12:56to recognize that the social platforms
can actually get in the way -
12:56 - 13:00of our communication
which is essential for relationships, -
13:00 - 13:02as illustrated here.
-
13:03 - 13:06(Laughter)
-
13:06 - 13:10So, given the importance
of personal relationships, -
13:10 - 13:11what do we do to nurture them?
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13:11 - 13:14What has science told us about this?
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13:14 - 13:16Well, finally ...
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13:19 - 13:24This is where the three words
that will change your life come into play. -
13:24 - 13:28These three words were developed
in interviews with people with chronic ... -
13:30 - 13:31diabetes.
-
13:31 - 13:33These are hospital patients.
-
13:33 - 13:35The researchers
went to the hospital patients, -
13:35 - 13:37and by using three simple words,
-
13:37 - 13:41the patients felt much more connected,
much more attached, -
13:41 - 13:45much more bonded to the interviewers,
just with three simple words. -
13:45 - 13:49And these three words are "Tell me more."
-
13:49 - 13:53When you're in a personal relationship
talking to somebody, -
13:53 - 13:55and you lean forward,
and you look them in their eye, -
13:55 - 13:58and you say, "Tell me more,"
-
13:58 - 14:00it means: I'm not going on
to my own story. -
14:02 - 14:03I'm not interrupting you.
-
14:03 - 14:06Your story is valid.
It means something to me. -
14:06 - 14:07Tell me more.
-
14:10 - 14:12And it comes from the value of listening.
-
14:12 - 14:16When I ask my undergraduates,
"Why do you listen in a conversation?" -
14:16 - 14:19They talk about the value to the listener.
-
14:19 - 14:22They say we listen to somebody
to get information. -
14:22 - 14:24And they're right. That's a good reason.
-
14:24 - 14:27But if that's the only reason you listen,
-
14:27 - 14:29then once you know the information,
-
14:29 - 14:32once you think you know
what the person is going to say, -
14:32 - 14:34you stop listening and you interrupt.
-
14:35 - 14:38But there's also value
to the speaker when we listen. -
14:38 - 14:40When we listen to the speaker,
-
14:40 - 14:44it allows them a chance to express
their thoughts and their feelings. -
14:44 - 14:45When we listen,
-
14:45 - 14:50it validates the speaker to tell them
that their story is important. -
14:50 - 14:52When we listen,
-
14:52 - 14:56it gives the speaker a chance
to find their solutions just by talking. -
14:57 - 15:02When we listen, it allows us to celebrate
the success of the speaker -
15:02 - 15:06and allows us to console them
if they've had setbacks. -
15:08 - 15:09Tell me more.
-
15:09 - 15:13Tell me more is a way that you can
give the speaker all that value. -
15:14 - 15:16And there are three bonus words.
-
15:16 - 15:18It's a good thing
you're here this afternoon -
15:18 - 15:20because we can't do this deal all day.
-
15:20 - 15:21(Laughter)
-
15:21 - 15:23There are three additional words
that they used. -
15:24 - 15:26What happened next?
-
15:26 - 15:29It's served the same purpose
validating the speaker. -
15:29 - 15:33Tell me more. What happened next?
-
15:33 - 15:36Two phrases, each with three simple words.
-
15:36 - 15:38Three simple words
that will change your life. -
15:38 - 15:43It'll change your life
by improving your personal relationships. -
15:44 - 15:48It will change your life
by making you happier. -
15:49 - 15:50Three simple words.
-
15:50 - 15:53"Tell me more" and "What happened next?"
-
15:53 - 15:55are three simple words
-
15:55 - 15:58that you can use to improve
your relationship with strangers, -
15:58 - 16:01people who just aren't friends yet.
-
16:01 - 16:03To improve your relationship
with your children, -
16:03 - 16:08with your co-workers, with your family,
with your loved ones, with your friends. -
16:08 - 16:09Three simple words
-
16:10 - 16:14that will improve your relationships,
increase your happiness. -
16:14 - 16:17Three simple words you can do right now.
-
16:17 - 16:19So that you can do more,
-
16:19 - 16:21and you can do better.
-
16:21 - 16:22Thanks so much!
-
16:22 - 16:25(Applause)
- Title:
- Three words that will change your life | Mark Holder | TEDxKelowna
- Description:
-
In this inspiring talk, Dr. Mark Holder discussed Positive Psychology looking what is right in our relationships with others and how to nurture them. He provides three simple words that would change your life, improving your relationship with friends and loved ones, increasing your happiness. Three simple words to use right now!
This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at http://ted.com/tedx
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDxTalks
- Duration:
- 16:33
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