When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism
-
0:01 - 0:02Could I protect my father
-
0:02 - 0:05from the Armed Islamic Group with a paring knife?
-
0:05 - 0:07That was the question I faced
-
0:07 - 0:09one Tuesday morning in June of 1993,
-
0:09 - 0:11when I was a law student.
-
0:11 - 0:13I woke up early that morning
-
0:13 - 0:14in Dad's apartment
-
0:14 - 0:17on the outskirts of Algiers, Algeria,
-
0:17 - 0:20to an unrelenting pounding on the front door.
-
0:20 - 0:23It was a season as described by a local paper
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0:23 - 0:26when every Tuesday a scholar fell
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0:26 - 0:29to the bullets of fundamentalist assassins.
-
0:29 - 0:31My father's university teaching of Darwin
-
0:31 - 0:33had already provoked a classroom visit
-
0:33 - 0:37from the head of the so-called
Islamic Salvation Front, -
0:37 - 0:40who denounced Dad as an advocate of biologism
-
0:40 - 0:42before Dad had ejected the man,
-
0:42 - 0:44and now whoever was outside
-
0:44 - 0:47would neither identify himself nor go away.
-
0:47 - 0:50So my father tried to get the police on the phone,
-
0:50 - 0:52but perhaps terrified by the rising tide
-
0:52 - 0:54of armed extremism that had already claimed
-
0:54 - 0:57the lives of so many Algerian officers,
-
0:57 - 0:59they didn't even answer.
-
0:59 - 1:01And that was when I went to the kitchen,
-
1:01 - 1:03got out a paring knife,
-
1:03 - 1:06and took up a position inside the entryway.
-
1:06 - 1:07It was a ridiculous thing to do, really,
-
1:07 - 1:09but I couldn't think of anything else,
-
1:09 - 1:12and so there I stood.
-
1:12 - 1:14When I look back now, I think
that that was the moment -
1:14 - 1:17that set me on the path was to writing a book
-
1:17 - 1:19called "Your Fatwa Does Not Apply Here:
-
1:19 - 1:23Untold Stories from the Fight
Against Muslim Fundamentalism." -
1:23 - 1:26The title comes from a Pakistani play.
-
1:26 - 1:29I think it was actually that moment
-
1:29 - 1:31that sent me on the journey
-
1:31 - 1:34to interview 300 people of Muslim heritage
-
1:34 - 1:35from nearly 30 countries,
-
1:35 - 1:38from Afghanistan to Mali,
-
1:38 - 1:40to find out how they fought fundamentalism
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1:40 - 1:42peacefully like my father did,
-
1:42 - 1:46and how they coped with the attendant risks.
-
1:46 - 1:48Luckily, back in June of 1993,
-
1:48 - 1:51our unidentified visitor went away,
-
1:51 - 1:54but other families were so much less lucky,
-
1:54 - 1:58and that was the thought
that motivated my research. -
1:58 - 2:00In any case, someone would return
-
2:00 - 2:01a few months later and leave a note
-
2:01 - 2:03on Dad's kitchen table,
-
2:03 - 2:07which simply said, "Consider yourself dead."
-
2:07 - 2:10Subsequently, Algeria's
fundamentalist armed groups -
2:10 - 2:13would murder as many as 200,000 civilians
-
2:13 - 2:14in what came to be known
-
2:14 - 2:17as the dark decade of the 1990s,
-
2:17 - 2:19including every single one
-
2:19 - 2:22of the women that you see here.
-
2:22 - 2:25In its harsh counterterrorist response,
-
2:25 - 2:27the state resorted to torture
-
2:27 - 2:29and to forced disappearances,
-
2:29 - 2:32and as terrible as all of these events became,
-
2:32 - 2:36the international community largely ignored them.
-
2:36 - 2:40Finally, my father, an Algerian
peasant's son turned professor, -
2:40 - 2:42was forced to stop teaching at the university
-
2:42 - 2:44and to flee his apartment,
-
2:44 - 2:45but what I will never forget
-
2:45 - 2:47about Mahfoud Bennoune, my dad,
-
2:47 - 2:50was that like so many other Algerian intellectuals,
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2:50 - 2:52he refused to leave the country
-
2:52 - 2:55and he continued to publish pointed criticisms,
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2:55 - 2:57both of the fundamentalists
-
2:57 - 3:00and sometimes of the government they battled.
-
3:00 - 3:03For example, in a November 1994 series
-
3:03 - 3:05in the newspaper El Watan
-
3:05 - 3:07entitled "How Fundamentalism
-
3:07 - 3:10Produced a Terrorism without Precedent,"
-
3:10 - 3:11he denounced what he called
-
3:11 - 3:15the terrorists' radical break with the true Islam
-
3:15 - 3:18as it was lived by our ancestors.
-
3:18 - 3:21These were words that could get you killed.
-
3:21 - 3:22My father's country taught me
-
3:22 - 3:25in that dark decade of the 1990s that
-
3:25 - 3:28the popular struggle against Muslim fundamentalism
-
3:28 - 3:30is one of the most important
-
3:30 - 3:32and overlooked human rights struggles
-
3:32 - 3:34in the world.
-
3:34 - 3:38This remains true today, nearly 20 years later.
-
3:38 - 3:39You see, in every country
-
3:39 - 3:41where you hear about armed jihadis
-
3:41 - 3:43targeting civilians,
-
3:43 - 3:44there are also unarmed people
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3:44 - 3:47defying those militants that you don't hear about,
-
3:47 - 3:52and those people need our support to succeed.
-
3:52 - 3:54In the West, it's often assumed
-
3:54 - 3:57that Muslims generally condone terrorism.
-
3:57 - 3:59Some on the right think this because they view
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3:59 - 4:01Muslim culture as inherently violent,
-
4:01 - 4:03and some on the left imagine this
-
4:03 - 4:04because they view Muslim violence,
-
4:04 - 4:06fundamentalist violence,
-
4:06 - 4:09solely as a product of legitimate grievances.
-
4:09 - 4:12But both views are dead wrong.
-
4:12 - 4:14In fact, many people of Muslim heritage
-
4:14 - 4:16around the world are staunch opponents
-
4:16 - 4:20both of fundamentalism and of terrorism,
-
4:20 - 4:22and often for very good reason.
-
4:22 - 4:24You see, they're much more likely to be victims
-
4:24 - 4:27of this violence than its perpetrators.
-
4:27 - 4:29Let me just give you one example.
-
4:29 - 4:32According to a 2009 survey
-
4:32 - 4:35of Arabic language media resources,
-
4:35 - 4:38between 2004 and 2008,
-
4:38 - 4:41no more than 15 percent of al Qaeda's victims
-
4:41 - 4:42were Westerners.
-
4:42 - 4:45That's a terrible toll, but the vast majority
-
4:45 - 4:47were people of Muslim heritage,
-
4:47 - 4:50killed by Muslim fundamentalists.
-
4:50 - 4:53Now I've been talking for the last five minutes
-
4:53 - 4:55about fundamentalism, and you have a right to know
-
4:55 - 4:57exactly what I mean.
-
4:57 - 5:01I cite the definition given by the Algerian sociologist
-
5:01 - 5:03Marieme Helie Lucas,
-
5:03 - 5:05and she says that fundamentalisms,
-
5:05 - 5:08note the "s," so within all of the world's
-
5:08 - 5:10great religious traditions,
-
5:10 - 5:14"fundamentalisms are political
movements of the extreme right -
5:14 - 5:16which in a context of globalization
-
5:16 - 5:18manipulate religion in order to achieve
-
5:18 - 5:20their political aims."
-
5:20 - 5:24Sadia Abbas has called this the radical politicization
-
5:24 - 5:25of theology.
-
5:25 - 5:28Now I want to avoid projecting the notion
-
5:28 - 5:29that there's sort of a monolith out there
-
5:29 - 5:33called Muslim fundamentalism
that is the same everywhere, -
5:33 - 5:35because these movements
also have their diversities. -
5:35 - 5:38Some use and advocate violence.
-
5:38 - 5:40Some do not, though they're often interrelated.
-
5:40 - 5:42They take different forms.
-
5:42 - 5:45Some may be non-governmental organizations,
-
5:45 - 5:47even here in Britain like Cageprisoners.
-
5:47 - 5:49Some may become political parties,
-
5:49 - 5:51like the Muslim Brotherhood,
-
5:51 - 5:52and some may be openly armed groups
-
5:52 - 5:54like the Taliban.
-
5:54 - 5:58But in any case, these are all radical projects.
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5:58 - 6:01They're not conservative or traditional approaches.
-
6:01 - 6:04They're most often about changing
people's relationship with Islam -
6:04 - 6:06rather than preserving it.
-
6:06 - 6:09What I am talking about is the Muslim extreme right,
-
6:09 - 6:11and the fact that its adherents are
-
6:11 - 6:13or purport to be Muslim
-
6:13 - 6:14makes them no less offensive
-
6:14 - 6:17than the extreme right anywhere else.
-
6:17 - 6:18So in my view, if we consider ourselves
-
6:18 - 6:20liberal or left-wing,
-
6:20 - 6:23human rights-loving or feminist,
-
6:23 - 6:25we must oppose these movements
-
6:25 - 6:28and support their grassroots opponents.
-
6:28 - 6:29Now let me be clear
-
6:29 - 6:31that I support an effective struggle
-
6:31 - 6:33against fundamentalism,
-
6:33 - 6:36but also a struggle that must itself
-
6:36 - 6:38respect international law,
-
6:38 - 6:40so nothing I am saying should be taken
-
6:40 - 6:42as a justification for refusals
-
6:42 - 6:43to democratize,
-
6:43 - 6:46and here I send out a shout-out of support
-
6:46 - 6:50to the pro-democracy movement
in Algeria today, Barakat. -
6:50 - 6:52Nor should anything I say be taken
-
6:52 - 6:55as a justification of violations of human rights,
-
6:55 - 6:57like the mass death sentences
-
6:57 - 6:59handed out in Egypt earlier this week.
-
6:59 - 7:01But what I am saying
-
7:01 - 7:04is that we must challenge these
Muslim fundamentalist movements -
7:04 - 7:06because they threaten human rights
-
7:06 - 7:09across Muslim-majority contexts,
-
7:09 - 7:11and they do this in a range of ways,
-
7:11 - 7:14most obviously with the direct attacks on civilians
-
7:14 - 7:16by the armed groups that carry those out.
-
7:16 - 7:19But that violence is just the tip of the iceberg.
-
7:19 - 7:22These movements as a whole purvey discrimination
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7:22 - 7:25against religious minorities and sexual minorities.
-
7:25 - 7:28They seek to curtail the freedom of religion
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7:28 - 7:30of everyone who either practices in a different way
-
7:30 - 7:32or chooses not to practice.
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7:32 - 7:36And most definingly, they lead an all-out war
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7:36 - 7:38on the rights of women.
-
7:38 - 7:40Now, faced with these movements
-
7:40 - 7:41in recent years, Western discourse
-
7:41 - 7:43has most often offered
-
7:43 - 7:45two flawed responses.
-
7:45 - 7:48The first that one sometimes finds on the right
-
7:48 - 7:50suggests that most Muslims are fundamentalist
-
7:50 - 7:54or something about Islam is
inherently fundamentalist, -
7:54 - 7:57and this is just offensive and wrong,
-
7:57 - 7:59but unfortunately on the left
one sometimes encounters -
7:59 - 8:01a discourse that is too politically correct
-
8:01 - 8:05to acknowledge the problem of
Muslim fundamentalism at all -
8:05 - 8:08or, even worse, apologizes for it,
-
8:08 - 8:10and this is unacceptable as well.
-
8:10 - 8:12So what I'm seeking is a new way
-
8:12 - 8:14of talking about this all together,
-
8:14 - 8:17which is grounded in the lived experiences
-
8:17 - 8:20and the hope of the people on the front lines.
-
8:20 - 8:22I'm painfully aware that there has been
-
8:22 - 8:25an increase in discrimination
against Muslims in recent years -
8:25 - 8:28in countries like the U.K. and the U.S.,
-
8:28 - 8:31and that too is a matter of grave concern,
-
8:31 - 8:32but I firmly believe
-
8:32 - 8:35that telling these counter-stereotypical stories
-
8:35 - 8:36of people of Muslim heritage
-
8:36 - 8:38who have confronted the fundamentalists
-
8:38 - 8:40and been their primary victims
-
8:40 - 8:45is also a great way of countering that discrimination.
-
8:45 - 8:47So now let me introduce you
-
8:47 - 8:48to four people whose stories
-
8:48 - 8:52I had the great honor of telling.
-
8:52 - 8:54Faizan Peerzada and the Rafi Peer Theatre
-
8:54 - 8:56workshop named for his father
-
8:56 - 8:58have for years promoted the performing arts
-
8:58 - 9:00in Pakistan.
-
9:00 - 9:01With the rise of jihadist violence,
-
9:01 - 9:03they began to receive threats
-
9:03 - 9:06to call off their events, which they refused to heed.
-
9:06 - 9:09And so a bomber struck their 2008
-
9:09 - 9:12eighth world performing arts festival in Lahore,
-
9:12 - 9:14producing rain of glass
-
9:14 - 9:15that fell into the venue
-
9:15 - 9:17injuring nine people,
-
9:17 - 9:19and later that same night,
-
9:19 - 9:22the Peerzadas made a very difficult decision:
-
9:22 - 9:24they announced that their festival
-
9:24 - 9:27would continue as planned the next day.
-
9:27 - 9:28As Faizan said at the time,
-
9:28 - 9:30if we bow down to the Islamists,
-
9:30 - 9:33we'll just be sitting in a dark corner.
-
9:33 - 9:35But they didn't know what would happen.
-
9:35 - 9:38Would anyone come?
-
9:38 - 9:40In fact, thousands of people came out the next day
-
9:40 - 9:43to support the performing arts in Lahore,
-
9:43 - 9:45and this simultaneously thrilled
-
9:45 - 9:47and terrified Faizan,
-
9:47 - 9:48and he ran up to a woman
-
9:48 - 9:50who had come in with her two small children,
-
9:50 - 9:53and he said, "You do know there
was a bomb here yesterday, -
9:53 - 9:56and you do know there's a threat here today."
-
9:56 - 9:58And she said, "I know that,
-
9:58 - 9:59but I came to your festival
-
9:59 - 10:02with my mother when I was their age,
-
10:02 - 10:05and I still have those images in my mind.
-
10:05 - 10:07We have to be here."
-
10:07 - 10:09With stalwart audiences like this,
-
10:09 - 10:10the Peerzadas were able to conclude
-
10:10 - 10:13their festival on schedule.
-
10:13 - 10:14And then the next year,
-
10:14 - 10:16they lost all of their sponsors
-
10:16 - 10:18due to the security risk.
-
10:18 - 10:21So when I met them in 2010,
-
10:21 - 10:23they were in the middle of the first subsequent event
-
10:23 - 10:26that they were able to have in the same venue,
-
10:26 - 10:29and this was the ninth youth performing arts festival
-
10:29 - 10:32held in Lahore in a year when that city
-
10:32 - 10:36had already experienced 44 terror attacks.
-
10:36 - 10:38This was a time when the Pakistani Taliban
-
10:38 - 10:40had commenced their systematic targeting
-
10:40 - 10:42of girls' schools that would culminate
-
10:42 - 10:45in the attack on Malala Yousafzai.
-
10:45 - 10:50What did the Peerzadas do in that environment?
-
10:50 - 10:53They staged girls' school theater.
-
10:53 - 10:55So I had the privilege of watching "Naang Wal,"
-
10:55 - 10:58which was a musical in the Punjabi language,
-
10:58 - 11:00and the girls of Lahore Grammar School
-
11:00 - 11:02played all the parts.
-
11:02 - 11:03They sang and danced,
-
11:03 - 11:05they played the mice and the water buffalo,
-
11:05 - 11:08and I held my breath, wondering,
-
11:08 - 11:09would we get to the end
-
11:09 - 11:12of this amazing show?
-
11:12 - 11:14And when we did, the whole audience
-
11:14 - 11:16collectively exhaled,
-
11:16 - 11:18and a few people actually wept,
-
11:18 - 11:21and then they filled the auditorium
-
11:21 - 11:23with the peaceful boom of their applause.
-
11:23 - 11:26And I remember thinking in that moment
-
11:26 - 11:29that the bombers made headlines here
-
11:29 - 11:31two years before
-
11:31 - 11:33but this night and these people
-
11:33 - 11:36are as important a story.
-
11:38 - 11:41Maria Bashir is the first and only
-
11:41 - 11:44woman chief prosecutor in Afghanistan.
-
11:44 - 11:46She's been in the post since 2008
-
11:46 - 11:48and actually opened an office to investigate
-
11:48 - 11:50cases of violence against women,
-
11:50 - 11:53which she says is the most important area
-
11:53 - 11:54in her mandate.
-
11:54 - 11:57When I meet her in her office in Herat,
-
11:57 - 11:59she enters surrounded by
-
11:59 - 12:02four large men with four huge guns.
-
12:02 - 12:05In fact, she now has 23 bodyguards,
-
12:05 - 12:07because she has weathered bomb attacks
-
12:07 - 12:09that nearly killed her kids,
-
12:09 - 12:12and it took the leg off of one of her guards.
-
12:12 - 12:14Why does she continue?
-
12:14 - 12:17She says with a smile that that is the question
-
12:17 - 12:19that everyone asks—
-
12:19 - 12:23as she puts it, "Why you risk not living?"
-
12:23 - 12:24And it is simply that for her,
-
12:24 - 12:28a better future for all the Maria Bashirs to come
-
12:28 - 12:29is worth the risk,
-
12:29 - 12:31and she knows that if people like her
-
12:31 - 12:33do not take the risk,
-
12:33 - 12:35there will be no better future.
-
12:35 - 12:37Later on in our interview,
-
12:37 - 12:39Prosecutor Bashir tells me how worried she is
-
12:39 - 12:41about the possible outcome
-
12:41 - 12:43of government negotiations with the Taliban,
-
12:43 - 12:46the people who have been trying to kill her.
-
12:46 - 12:47"If we give them a place in the government,"
-
12:47 - 12:51she asks, "Who will protect women's rights?"
-
12:51 - 12:53And she urges the international community
-
12:53 - 12:56not to forget its promise about women
-
12:56 - 12:59because now they want peace with Taliban.
-
12:59 - 13:02A few weeks after I leave Afghanistan,
-
13:02 - 13:04I see a headline on the Internet.
-
13:04 - 13:08An Afghan prosecutor has been assassinated.
-
13:08 - 13:10I google desperately,
-
13:10 - 13:12and thankfully that day I find out
-
13:12 - 13:14that Maria was not the victim,
-
13:14 - 13:16though sadly, another Afghan prosecutor
-
13:16 - 13:18was gunned down on his way to work.
-
13:18 - 13:21And when I hear headlines like that now,
-
13:21 - 13:23I think that as international troops
-
13:23 - 13:27leave Afghanistan this year and beyond,
-
13:27 - 13:28we must continue to care
-
13:28 - 13:30about what happens to people there,
-
13:30 - 13:33to all of the Maria Bashirs.
-
13:33 - 13:35Sometimes I still hear her voice in my head
-
13:35 - 13:39saying, with no bravado whatsoever,
-
13:39 - 13:41"The situation of the women of Afghanistan
-
13:41 - 13:43will be better someday.
-
13:43 - 13:45We should prepare the ground for this,
-
13:45 - 13:48even if we are killed."
-
13:50 - 13:52There are no words adequate
-
13:52 - 13:53to denounce the al Shabaab terrorists
-
13:53 - 13:56who attacked the Westgate Mall in Nairobi
-
13:56 - 13:59on the same day as a children's cooking competition
-
13:59 - 14:02in September of 2013.
-
14:02 - 14:06They killed 67, including poets and pregnant women.
-
14:06 - 14:08Far away in the American Midwest,
-
14:08 - 14:11I had the good fortune of meeting Somali-Americans
-
14:11 - 14:13who were working to counter
the efforts of al Shabaab -
14:13 - 14:16to recruit a small number of young people
-
14:16 - 14:18from their city of Minneapolis
-
14:18 - 14:21to take part in atrocities like Westgate.
-
14:21 - 14:23Abdirizak Bihi's studious
-
14:23 - 14:2617-year-old nephew Burhan Hassan
-
14:26 - 14:29was recruited here in 2008,
-
14:29 - 14:31spirited to Somalia,
-
14:31 - 14:34and then killed when he tried to come home.
-
14:34 - 14:36Since that time, Mr. Bihi,
-
14:36 - 14:40who directs the no-budget Somali
Education and Advocacy Center, -
14:40 - 14:42has been vocally denouncing the recruitment
-
14:42 - 14:44and the failures of government
-
14:44 - 14:46and Somali-American institutions
-
14:46 - 14:49like the Abubakar As-Saddique Islamic Center
-
14:49 - 14:52where he believes his nephew was radicalized
-
14:52 - 14:54during a youth program.
-
14:54 - 14:56But he doesn't just criticize the mosque.
-
14:56 - 14:57He also takes on the government
-
14:57 - 14:59for its failure to do more
-
14:59 - 15:02to prevent poverty in his community.
-
15:02 - 15:04Given his own lack of financial resources,
-
15:04 - 15:06Mr. Bihi has had to be creative.
-
15:06 - 15:08To counter the efforts of al Shabaab
-
15:08 - 15:11to sway more disaffected youth,
-
15:11 - 15:13in the wake of the group's 2010 attack
-
15:13 - 15:16on World Cup viewers in Uganda,
-
15:16 - 15:19he organized a Ramadan basketball tournament
-
15:19 - 15:21in Minneapolis in response.
-
15:21 - 15:24Scores of Somali-American kids came out
-
15:24 - 15:26to embrace sport
-
15:26 - 15:28despite the fatwa against it.
-
15:28 - 15:30They played basketball
-
15:30 - 15:34as Burhan Hassan never would again.
-
15:34 - 15:36For his efforts, Mr. Bihi has been ostracized
-
15:36 - 15:39by the leadership of the Abubakar
As-Saddique Islamic Center, -
15:39 - 15:42with which he used to have good relations.
-
15:42 - 15:44He told me, "One day we saw the imam on TV
-
15:44 - 15:46calling us infidels and saying,
-
15:46 - 15:50'These families are trying to destroy the mosque.'"
-
15:50 - 15:51This is at complete odds
-
15:51 - 15:54with how Abdirizak Bihi understands
-
15:54 - 15:56what he is trying to do
-
15:56 - 15:58by exposing al Shabaab recruitment,
-
15:58 - 16:00which is to save the religion I love
-
16:00 - 16:04from a small number of extremists.
-
16:05 - 16:07Now I want to tell one last story,
-
16:07 - 16:11that of a 22-year-old law student in Algeria
-
16:11 - 16:12named Amel Zenoune-Zouani
-
16:12 - 16:14who had the same dreams of a legal career
-
16:14 - 16:17that I did back in the '90s.
-
16:17 - 16:19She refused to give up her studies,
-
16:19 - 16:21despite the fact that the fundamentalists
-
16:21 - 16:23battling the Algerian state back then
-
16:23 - 16:27threatened all who continued their education.
-
16:27 - 16:31On January 26, 1997, Amel boarded the bus
-
16:31 - 16:33in Algiers where she was studying
-
16:33 - 16:35to go home and spend a Ramadan evening
-
16:35 - 16:37with her family,
-
16:37 - 16:39and would never finish law school.
-
16:39 - 16:41When the bus reached the outskirts
-
16:41 - 16:43of her hometown, it was stopped
-
16:43 - 16:45at a checkpoint manned by men
-
16:45 - 16:47from the Armed Islamic Group.
-
16:47 - 16:49Carrying her schoolbag,
-
16:49 - 16:51Amel was taken off the bus
-
16:51 - 16:53and killed in the street.
-
16:53 - 16:54The men who cut her throat
-
16:54 - 16:56then told everyone else,
-
16:56 - 16:58"If you go to university,
-
16:58 - 17:01the day will come when we will kill all of you
-
17:01 - 17:04just like this."
-
17:04 - 17:07Amel died at exactly 5:17 p.m.,
-
17:07 - 17:10which we know because when she fell in the street,
-
17:10 - 17:11her watch broke.
-
17:11 - 17:13Her mother showed me the watch
-
17:13 - 17:15with the second hand still aimed
-
17:15 - 17:16optimistically upward
-
17:16 - 17:20towards a 5:18 that would never come.
-
17:20 - 17:21Shortly before her death,
-
17:21 - 17:23Amel had said to her mother of herself
-
17:23 - 17:24and her sisters,
-
17:24 - 17:28"Nothing will happen to us, Inshallah, God willing,
-
17:28 - 17:30but if something happens,
-
17:30 - 17:33you must know that we are dead for knowledge.
-
17:33 - 17:37You and father must keep your heads held high."
-
17:37 - 17:41The loss of such a young woman is unfathomable,
-
17:41 - 17:43and so as I did my research
-
17:43 - 17:46I found myself searching for Amel's hope again
-
17:46 - 17:49and her name even means "hope" in Arabic.
-
17:49 - 17:52I think I found it in two places.
-
17:52 - 17:54The first is in the strength of her family
-
17:54 - 17:58and all the other families to
continue telling their stories -
17:58 - 18:01and to go on with their lives despite the terrorism.
-
18:01 - 18:04In fact, Amel's sister Lamia overcame her grief,
-
18:04 - 18:05went to law school,
-
18:05 - 18:08and practices as a lawyer in Algiers today,
-
18:08 - 18:10something which is only possible
-
18:10 - 18:11because the armed fundamentalists
-
18:11 - 18:14were largely defeated in the country.
-
18:14 - 18:17And the second place I found Amel's hope
-
18:17 - 18:19was everywhere that women and men
-
18:19 - 18:22continue to defy the jihadis.
-
18:22 - 18:25We must support all of those in honor of Amel
-
18:25 - 18:28who continue this human rights struggle today,
-
18:28 - 18:32like the Network of Women
Living Under Muslim Laws. -
18:32 - 18:34It is not enough, as the victims rights advocate
-
18:34 - 18:36Cherifa Kheddar told me in Algiers,
-
18:36 - 18:39it is not enough just to battle terrorism.
-
18:39 - 18:42We must also challenge fundamentalism,
-
18:42 - 18:44because fundamentalism is the ideology
-
18:44 - 18:47that makes the bed of this terrorism.
-
18:47 - 18:50Why is it that people like her, like all of them
-
18:50 - 18:52are not more well known?
-
18:52 - 18:55Why is it that everyone knows
who Osama bin Laden was -
18:55 - 18:57and so few know of all of those
-
18:57 - 19:01standing up to the bin Ladens in their own contexts.
-
19:01 - 19:03We must change that, and so I ask you
-
19:03 - 19:05to please help share these stories
-
19:05 - 19:07through your networks.
-
19:07 - 19:09Look again at Amel Zenoune's watch,
-
19:09 - 19:11forever frozen,
-
19:11 - 19:13and now please look at your own watch
-
19:13 - 19:16and decide this is the moment that you commit
-
19:16 - 19:18to supporting people like Amel.
-
19:18 - 19:20We don't have the right to be silent about them
-
19:20 - 19:22because it is easier
-
19:22 - 19:25or because Western policy is flawed as well,
-
19:25 - 19:27because 5:17 is still coming
-
19:27 - 19:29to too many Amel Zenounes
-
19:29 - 19:31in places like northern Nigeria,
-
19:31 - 19:33where jihadis still kill students.
-
19:33 - 19:37The time to speak up in support of all of those
-
19:37 - 19:39who peacefully challenge fundamentalism
-
19:39 - 19:42and terrorism in their own communities
-
19:42 - 19:43is now.
-
19:43 - 19:46Thank you.
-
19:46 - 19:48(Applause)
- Title:
- When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism
- Speaker:
- Karima Bennoune
- Description:
-
Karima Bennoune shares four powerful stories of real people fighting against fundamentalism in their own communities — refusing to allow the faith they love to become a tool for crime, attacks and murder. These personal stories humanize one of the most overlooked human-rights struggles in the world.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 20:05
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Morton Bast approved English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Madeleine Aronson edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism | ||
Madeleine Aronson edited English subtitles for When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism |