Bridging the gap between old & new trust economies: Ramy Nassar at TEDxCarthage
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0:36 - 0:37[In French] Good morning!
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0:37 - 0:39My name is Ramy
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0:39 - 0:41I come from Canada
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0:41 - 0:45But if I speak in French,
my French is Canadian, -
0:45 - 0:47I don't think that you will understand me
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0:47 - 0:49so I will continue in English.
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0:49 - 0:53(Laughter)
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0:53 - 0:55RN: Hello!
Audience: Hello! -
0:55 - 0:56I am Ramy.
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0:56 - 0:58This is my home.
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0:59 - 1:01I live in Waterloo in Canada.
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1:01 - 1:04This is my apartment and
I just wanted to share it with you -
1:04 - 1:07and I'm gonna come back to it
in a couple of minutes. -
1:08 - 1:09So, what I want to talk
about today -
1:10 - 1:12is, "trust", that's why
we are here today. -
1:12 - 1:16And really the question
is often: Who do you trust? -
1:17 - 1:18I don't care.
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1:18 - 1:21I'm much more interested in "why",
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1:21 - 1:22Why do my trust?
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1:23 - 1:27and so many times, trust begins with
this fundamental thing, -
1:27 - 1:28the handshake.
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1:29 - 1:32The handshake goes back
about 2,500 years. -
1:33 - 1:36Originally, the handshake was
a way to show someone -
1:36 - 1:39that you didn't have a weapon
that you were unarmed. -
1:40 - 1:44But what is amazing is that
2,500 years ago, -
1:44 - 1:48they didn't know how powerful
a handshake really could be. -
1:49 - 1:50This is your brain.
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1:51 - 1:54It's not your brain,
it's not my brain, it's a brain -
1:54 - 1:58and that colored area that you're seeing
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1:58 - 2:00is your nucleus accumbens;
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2:00 - 2:01and it's a little piece of your brain
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2:01 - 2:03and I'm gonna talk
a little bit more about it. -
2:05 - 2:09So, what happens is that in 2012,
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2:09 - 2:12some researchers at the
University of Illinois -
2:12 - 2:16actually studied the handshake
really for the first time, -
2:17 - 2:20and what they did is that initially
they looked up at behaviours, -
2:20 - 2:24and they said:
Let's watch transactions happen, -
2:24 - 2:27that begin with a handshake
and let's watch when they don't. -
2:27 - 2:32And when it was observed, what they saw
was increased feelings of confidence, -
2:32 - 2:36trustworthiness and a feeling
of wanting to cooperate. -
2:37 - 2:39But they took this reasearch
one step further. -
2:41 - 2:43They actually looked
at the brain and they used -
2:43 - 2:45functional magnetic resonance imaging,
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2:45 - 2:48so, pictures of the brain
like the one I just showed you. -
2:49 - 2:50And what they found
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2:50 - 2:53was at that moment that the handshake,
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2:53 - 2:56that the physical contact happens,
this area of the brain -
2:56 - 2:59that I showed you lights up.
It starts to become more active. -
3:00 - 3:02Now, that area of the brain
is associated with -
3:02 - 3:04reduced avoidance behaviors,
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3:04 - 3:08suppressing negative
impressions and emotions -
3:08 - 3:11and wanting to further interact.
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3:12 - 3:14Basically, that means trust.
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3:14 - 3:16So, let's think about this
for a second. -
3:17 - 3:21When I reach out, and I touch
your hand and we shake hands, -
3:21 - 3:25I'm actually causing
a physiological -
3:25 - 3:28and neurological reaction
in your brain. -
3:28 - 3:30I see a few people
doing it right now in the audience, -
3:30 - 3:32try it, reach to your neighbour,
shake their hand. -
3:38 - 3:41So, right now, as you do that,
you're causing electrical -
3:41 - 3:44and chemical signals to be released
in that person's brain and vice versa. -
3:46 - 3:50So, this is what I'm gonna call
sort of the "old economy of trust". -
3:50 - 3:52Trust is such a fundamental thing.
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3:52 - 3:55Just by shaking someone's hand
maybe they do not trust you 100% -
3:55 - 3:57but it's one piece of it.
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3:58 - 4:00So, let's go back
to my apartment. -
4:01 - 4:04I actually left something off
of the pictures, -
4:04 - 4:06if you see is the same pictures,
but now the logo is up, -
4:06 - 4:10it says, airbnb.com
verified photo. -
4:10 - 4:13So, I'm one of those people,
I rent my apartment out -
4:13 - 4:17when I'm away on this site airbnb.
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4:17 - 4:20Right now, there is a young woman
named Karina -
4:20 - 4:21and a young man named Jeff,
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4:21 - 4:24living in my apartment.
They're from England. -
4:25 - 4:30Karina has 642 friends on Facebook,
that's what I know about her. -
4:30 - 4:34Jeff has seven positive reviews
on airbnb.com, -
4:34 - 4:36that's what I know about him.
-
4:36 - 4:38I've never met them,
I've never seen them. -
4:40 - 4:43They're cooking in my kitchen;
they're watching my TV -
4:44 - 4:45They're sleeping in my bed.
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4:46 - 4:47I hope just sleeping.
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4:47 - 4:50(Laughter)
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4:50 - 4:52But I have to trust them.
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4:52 - 4:54The system only works,
if I trust them. -
4:54 - 4:57So, how can I trust them
when I trust them through -
4:57 - 4:59this third party,
I trust them through the site? -
5:00 - 5:03So, it's almost like
an implied or inferred trust -
5:03 - 5:05that I built with these two people.
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5:06 - 5:10And this is sort what I think of
this new economy of trust. -
5:11 - 5:16But I think there is a gap,
I think that there is something missing, -
5:16 - 5:18and as when switch from
this industrial economy -
5:18 - 5:19to a connected one,
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5:19 - 5:21as we switch from
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5:21 - 5:24centralized systems like
hotels and rental car companies -
5:24 - 5:29to online mass collaboration
and consumption systems -
5:29 - 5:33like airbnb and car sharing systems,
you can even share pets now, -
5:33 - 5:36you can rent someone's dog
for a weekend if you want. -
5:37 - 5:39Now we shift from a system
with very few winners -
5:39 - 5:42like the big chains, the big hotels,
the car companies -
5:42 - 5:45to a system where anyone
can be a winner -
5:45 - 5:47and take their extra resources.
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5:48 - 5:50We really, really need that trust,
and I think that there is still -
5:50 - 5:54a gap between this old economy
of trust and a new one. -
5:56 - 6:00So, if we think of trust as a currency,
that's our theme today, -
6:00 - 6:04what we can do is we can look
at another currency, -
6:04 - 6:05we can look at currency itself.
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6:05 - 6:08Almost every country in the world
has their own currency, -
6:08 - 6:11there are some unions,
but in general each country -
6:11 - 6:14or each collection of countries
has their own currency, -
6:14 - 6:18and how the currency
is regulated and valuated -
6:18 - 6:20is different in each case,
it's a closed system, -
6:22 - 6:24until Bitcoin came along.
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6:24 - 6:30And Bitcoin, which started few years ago,
is an attempt to open source currency, -
6:30 - 6:35it's a peer-to-peer open platform
in which anyone in the world -
6:35 - 6:38can participate in the currency,
help regulate it, -
6:38 - 6:42help drive how it's described,
how the system works. -
6:42 - 6:45So,my question to you today is:
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6:45 - 6:47Can we open source trust?
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6:47 - 6:51Can we build a system, and
there are people working on this now, -
6:51 - 6:54where we say, let's make trust
an open platform, -
6:54 - 6:58and let's say that instead of each site
having its own system for trust, -
6:58 - 7:02we actually have
an open peer-to-peer system -
7:02 - 7:06that can describe trust, so I'm no longer
just trusting in one system -
7:06 - 7:09in order to rent my apartment out.
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7:09 - 7:11or to rent someone's else apartment.
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7:11 - 7:15So, as we go through the day today,
what I really want you to think about -
7:15 - 7:20is that fundamental question,
it's not: who do you trust, -
7:20 - 7:22it's: Why do we trust?
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7:22 - 7:24Thank you.
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7:24 - 7:26(Applause)
- Title:
- Bridging the gap between old & new trust economies: Ramy Nassar at TEDxCarthage
- Description:
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Ramy Nassar shares the importance of trust and how he is one example of someone who trusts in a person that he doesn't know. He mentions that he rents out his apartment just by trusting a third party, the site airbnb.com He shares about the new Bitcoin currency, which basically is an example of trust in someone else you don't really know.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDxTalks
- Duration:
- 07:34
Elisabeth Buffard
the lines are complete. the [inaudible] part is really inaudible