WEBVTT 00:00:02.585 --> 00:00:07.918 [Religion] 00:00:21.274 --> 00:00:24.301 Normalerweise, bevor wir in etwas glauben, brauchen wir einen Beweis 00:00:24.301 --> 00:00:26.470 oder so viele Beweise, wie wir finden können. 00:00:26.470 --> 00:00:28.886 Bevor du ein Auto kaufst, willst du es überprüfen. 00:00:28.886 --> 00:00:31.126 Bevor ich auf dem See eislaufen gehe, 00:00:31.126 --> 00:00:33.781 stelle ich fest, ob der Eis stabil ist. 00:00:33.781 --> 00:00:36.019 Aber für Fragen des Übernatürlichen - 00:00:36.019 --> 00:00:39.227 ASW, Parapsychologie, Astrologie und so weiter - 00:00:39.227 --> 00:00:41.494 haben viele Menschen einen anderen Standard. 00:00:41.494 --> 00:00:44.460 Sie glauben, weil sie glauben wollen. 00:00:44.460 --> 00:00:50.350 Sie interessieren sich weniger für Beweise, weil das Glauben sie glücklich macht. 00:00:50.888 --> 00:00:55.262 Wenn du nur 4 Jahre alt bist, ist es normal in Sachen zu glauben, die wir als unwahr erkennen, 00:00:55.262 --> 00:00:56.635 wie an den Weihnachtsmann. 00:00:56.635 --> 00:00:58.384 Er wohnt im Himmel. 00:00:58.415 --> 00:01:00.683 - Wer? - Der Weihnachtsmann. 00:01:00.683 --> 00:01:04.973 Erzähl mir von dem Osterhasen... gibt es ihn?? 00:01:04.973 --> 00:01:08.219 - Was macht er? - Er bringt dich Süßigkeiten. 00:01:08.219 --> 00:01:12.660 Um weiter über das von Psycholosen genannte magische Denken zu erfahren, 00:01:12.660 --> 00:01:15.719 entwickelte Professor Robert Kavanaugh von dem Williams College in Massachussets 00:01:15.719 --> 00:01:21.059 ein Experiment, das sich um ein Fantasietier in einem Kasten drehte. 00:01:21.059 --> 00:01:26.246 Er wiederholte es für uns mit Kindern zwischen 4 und 6 Jahre. 00:01:26.246 --> 00:01:28.324 Zuerst teilte er die Kinder zu zweit und dann 00:01:28.324 --> 00:01:32.167 macht seine Assistentin ihre Aufmerksamkeit auf den großen leeren Kasten 00:01:32.167 --> 00:01:35.617 - Ihr beiden seid so gut gewesen... - Was gibt es in dem Kasten? 00:01:35.617 --> 00:01:40.754 Während wir hinter einem Einwegspiegel zuschauen, zeigt man den Kindern, dass es darin nichts gibt. 00:01:40.754 --> 00:01:45.702 Danach erzählt sie ihnen eine Geschichte über einen Fuchs, der in dem Kasten lebt. 00:01:45.702 --> 00:01:47.625 [...] 00:01:47.625 --> 00:01:50.459 Man erklärt ihnen, es sei nur ein Spiel. 00:01:50.459 --> 00:01:52.696 00:01:52.696 --> 00:01:55.664 Und sie sagt ihnen noch einmal, dass es alles Phantasie ist. 00:01:55.664 --> 00:02:00.372 - Wir tun nur so, und es gibt keinen Fuchs in dem Kasten... 00:02:00.372 --> 00:02:02.901 Danach sagt sie ihnen, dass sie für ein paar Minuten ausgehen muss. 00:02:02.901 --> 00:02:03.688 - Ich komme gleich. 00:02:03.688 --> 00:02:08.617 Ich nehme an, nachdem die Kinder im Kasten geschaut haben, wissen sie, dass kein Fuchs darin steht. 00:02:08.617 --> 00:02:10.052 Aber sie glauben doch. 00:02:10.052 --> 00:02:11.607 Manche hören den Fuchs... 00:02:11.607 --> 00:02:17.138 - Ich höre etwas. Er atmet. 00:02:17.138 --> 00:02:20.535 Sie machen sich Sorgen. 00:02:20.535 --> 00:02:23.337 - Das war nur der Wind. 00:02:23.337 --> 00:02:27.941 Manche gehen zum Kasten und hören zu, aber wagen ihn nicht zu öffnen. 00:02:27.941 --> 00:02:30.627 00:02:30.627 --> 00:02:34.303 Aber ein Paar macht das. 00:02:34.303 --> 00:02:39.303 Viele Kinder akzeptieren, dass es keinen Fuchs gibt, aber die Meisten sind nicht sicher. 00:02:39.303 --> 00:02:40.431 00:02:40.431 --> 00:02:42.738 Das passiert hin und wieder. 00:02:42.738 --> 00:02:46.564 Fast jedes Kind fängt an zu glauben, dass das Tier, das sie ausgedacht haben, 00:02:46.564 --> 00:02:48.160 vielleicht wahr sein könne. 00:02:48.160 --> 00:02:50.673 - Hallo, ihr Beiden, danke für das Warten. 00:02:50.673 --> 00:02:53.251 00:02:53.251 --> 00:02:57.179 Obwohl die Forscherin noch mal erklärt, dass kein Fuchs im Kasten steht, 00:02:57.179 --> 00:03:00.257 glauben fast alle Kinder, dass er da war. 00:03:00.257 --> 00:03:04.257 00:03:04.257 --> 00:03:07.956 Sogar Emma, die reingeschaut hat, als Isaac ihn öffnete, 00:03:07.956 --> 00:03:12.353 Isaac öffnete den Kasten, und ich sah einen großen Fuchs. 00:03:12.353 --> 00:03:14.144 Manchmal, wenn wir eine Glaube formieren, 00:03:14.144 --> 00:03:18.385 dann besteht diese Glaube gegen Logik und Gegenbeweise. 00:03:18.385 --> 00:03:22.609 Als ich später mit den Kindern sprach, glaubten immer noch viele, dass der Fuchs darin war. 00:03:22.609 --> 00:03:25.462 [Journalist] Bist du sicher? 00:03:25.462 --> 00:03:31.247 00:03:31.247 --> 00:03:41.119 00:03:41.119 --> 00:03:46.077 00:03:46.077 --> 00:03:50.572 00:03:50.572 --> 00:03:53.910 00:03:53.910 --> 00:03:59.350 00:03:59.350 --> 00:04:05.309 00:04:05.309 --> 00:04:09.784 00:04:09.784 --> 00:04:15.333 00:04:15.333 --> 00:04:20.269 00:04:20.269 --> 00:04:23.004 00:04:23.004 --> 00:04:28.609 00:04:28.609 --> 00:04:31.172 00:04:31.172 --> 00:04:34.901 00:04:34.901 --> 00:04:37.558 00:04:37.558 --> 00:04:41.055 00:04:41.055 --> 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--> 00:32:14.326 00:32:14.326 --> 00:32:19.128 00:32:19.128 --> 00:32:20.986 00:32:20.986 --> 00:32:24.952 00:32:24.952 --> 00:32:29.615 00:32:29.615 --> 00:32:33.196 00:32:33.196 --> 00:32:44.900 00:32:44.900 --> 00:32:51.181 00:32:51.181 --> 00:32:53.347 00:32:53.347 --> 00:32:59.900 00:32:59.900 --> 00:33:03.928 00:33:03.928 --> 00:33:08.895 00:33:08.895 --> 00:33:13.571 00:33:13.571 --> 00:33:19.834 00:33:19.834 --> 00:33:21.315 00:33:21.315 --> 00:33:23.347 00:33:23.347 --> 00:33:29.793 00:33:29.793 --> 00:33:35.250 00:33:35.250 --> 00:33:39.412 00:33:39.412 --> 00:33:44.548 00:33:44.548 --> 00:33:48.667 00:33:48.667 --> 00:33:49.366 00:33:49.366 --> 00:33:53.266 00:33:53.266 --> 00:33:57.469 00:33:57.469 --> 00:34:00.416 00:34:00.416 --> 00:34:07.898 00:34:07.898 --> 00:34:11.330 00:34:11.330 --> 00:34:13.718 00:34:13.718 --> 00:34:14.916 00:34:14.916 --> 00:34:16.868 00:34:16.868 --> 00:34:21.486 00:34:21.486 --> 00:34:24.368 00:34:24.368 --> 00:34:26.015 00:34:26.015 --> 00:34:28.579 00:34:28.579 --> 00:34:31.881 00:34:31.881 --> 00:34:35.062 00:34:35.062 --> 00:34:37.945 00:34:37.945 --> 00:34:40.995 00:34:40.995 --> 00:34:44.097 00:34:44.097 --> 00:34:45.765 00:34:45.765 --> 00:34:49.320 00:34:49.320 --> 00:34:51.230 00:34:51.230 --> 00:34:54.178 00:34:54.178 --> 00:34:56.450 00:34:56.450 --> 00:34:59.768 00:34:59.768 --> 00:35:02.201 00:35:02.201 --> 00:35:05.062 00:35:05.062 --> 00:35:08.222 00:35:08.222 --> 00:35:11.116 00:35:11.116 --> 00:35:14.352 00:35:14.352 --> 00:35:18.281 00:35:18.281 --> 00:35:20.503 00:35:20.503 --> 00:35:23.434 00:35:23.434 --> 00:35:25.565 00:35:25.565 --> 00:35:30.718 00:35:30.718 --> 00:35:34.043 00:35:34.043 --> 00:35:37.427 00:35:37.427 --> 00:35:39.889 00:35:39.889 --> 00:35:44.850 00:35:44.850 --> 00:35:48.515 00:35:48.515 --> 00:35:53.651 00:35:53.651 --> 00:35:55.469 00:35:55.469 --> 00:36:02.092 00:36:02.092 --> 00:36:06.710 00:36:06.710 --> 00:36:08.400 00:36:08.400 --> 00:36:10.847 00:36:10.847 --> 00:36:11.969 00:36:11.969 --> 00:36:13.949 00:36:13.949 --> 00:36:18.148 00:36:18.148 --> 00:36:22.745 00:36:22.745 --> 00:36:24.413 00:36:24.413 --> 00:36:27.778 00:36:27.778 --> 00:36:40.995 00:36:40.995 --> 00:36:55.933 00:36:55.933 --> 00:36:57.731 00:36:57.731 --> 00:37:02.132 00:37:02.132 --> 00:37:07.351 00:37:07.351 --> 00:37:08.999 00:37:08.999 --> 00:37:12.388 00:37:12.388 --> 00:37:17.461 00:37:17.461 --> 00:37:17.721 00:37:17.721 --> 00:37:20.733 00:37:20.733 --> 00:37:22.576 00:37:22.576 --> 00:37:27.428 00:37:27.428 --> 00:37:30.783 00:37:30.783 --> 00:37:34.441 00:37:34.441 --> 00:37:39.758 00:37:39.758 --> 00:37:43.627 00:37:43.627 --> 00:37:47.531 00:37:47.531 --> 00:37:49.345 00:37:49.345 --> 00:37:53.133 00:37:53.133 --> 00:37:59.665 00:37:59.665 --> 00:38:06.364 00:38:06.364 --> 00:38:09.548 00:38:09.548 --> 00:38:13.254 00:38:13.254 --> 00:38:18.368 00:38:18.368 --> 00:38:24.596 00:38:24.596 --> 00:38:26.650 00:38:26.650 --> 00:38:31.547 00:38:31.547 --> 00:38:34.824 00:38:34.824 --> 00:38:35.835 00:38:35.835 --> 00:38:41.838 00:38:41.838 --> 00:38:44.901 00:38:44.901 --> 00:38:47.614 00:38:47.614 --> 00:38:49.761 00:38:49.761 --> 00:38:53.688 00:38:53.688 --> 00:38:57.516 00:38:57.516 --> 00:38:59.557 00:38:59.557 --> 00:39:02.563 00:39:02.563 --> 00:39:05.233 00:39:05.233 --> 00:39:08.350 00:39:08.350 --> 00:39:10.045 00:39:10.045 --> 00:39:14.211 00:39:14.211 --> 00:39:22.210 00:39:22.210 --> 00:39:26.668 00:39:26.668 --> 00:39:30.633 00:39:30.633 --> 00:39:37.870 00:39:37.870 --> 00:39:43.382 00:39:43.382 --> 00:39:47.735 00:39:47.735 --> 00:39:50.402 00:39:50.402 --> 00:39:55.640 00:39:55.640 --> 00:39:58.234 00:39:58.234 --> 00:40:02.151 00:40:02.151 --> 00:40:04.562 00:40:04.562 --> 00:40:07.278 00:40:07.278 --> 00:40:11.001 00:40:11.001 --> 00:40:13.910 00:40:13.910 --> 00:40:19.649 00:40:19.649 --> 00:40:25.019 00:40:25.019 --> 00:40:28.403 00:40:28.403 --> 00:40:33.667 00:40:33.667 --> 00:40:38.964 00:40:38.964 --> 00:40:43.014 00:40:43.014 --> 00:40:47.151 00:40:47.151 --> 00:40:51.440 00:40:51.440 --> 00:40:55.613 00:40:55.613 --> 00:40:57.712 00:40:57.712 --> 00:41:03.301 00:41:03.301 --> 00:41:06.533 00:41:06.533 --> 00:41:09.963 00:41:09.963 --> 00:41:13.731 00:41:13.731 --> 00:41:18.396 00:41:18.396 --> 00:41:24.482 00:41:24.482 --> 00:41:31.188 00:41:31.188 --> 00:41:34.488 00:41:34.488 --> 00:41:38.228 00:41:38.228 --> 00:41:42.545 00:41:42.545 --> 00:41:45.729 00:41:45.729 --> 00:41:50.307 00:41:50.307 --> 00:41:53.078 00:41:53.078 --> 00:41:57.931 00:41:57.931 --> 00:42:04.384 00:42:04.384 --> 00:42:06.467 00:42:06.467 --> 00:42:08.768 00:42:08.768 --> 00:42:14.015 00:42:14.015 --> 00:42:17.671 00:42:17.671 --> 00:42:21.851 00:42:21.851 --> 00:42:26.030 00:42:26.030 --> 00:42:30.702 00:42:30.702 --> 00:42:33.944 00:42:33.944 --> 00:42:35.552 00:42:35.552 --> 00:42:40.092 00:42:40.092 --> 00:42:42.813 00:42:42.813 --> 00:42:45.729 00:42:45.729 --> 00:42:47.576 00:42:47.576 --> 00:42:50.562 00:42:50.562 --> 00:42:51.627 00:42:51.627 --> 00:42:56.002 00:42:56.002 --> 00:42:57.781 00:42:57.781 --> 00:43:00.414 00:43:00.414 --> 00:43:03.667 00:43:03.667 --> 00:43:06.016 00:43:06.016 --> 00:43:09.400 00:43:09.400 --> 00:43:11.736 00:43:11.736 --> 00:43:14.965 00:43:14.965 --> 00:43:18.292 00:43:18.292 --> 00:43:20.619 00:43:20.619 --> 00:43:24.804 00:43:24.804 --> 00:43:27.001 00:43:27.001 --> 00:43:28.543 00:43:28.543 --> 00:43:32.434 00:43:32.434 --> 00:43:37.982 NOTE Paragraph 00:43:37.982 --> 00:43:42.969 00:43:42.969 --> 00:43:48.718 00:43:48.718 --> 00:43:53.682 00:43:53.682 --> 00:43:56.735 00:43:56.735 --> 00:43:59.710 00:43:59.710 --> 00:44:03.003 00:44:03.003 --> 00:44:06.468 00:44:06.468 --> 00:44:13.433 00:44:13.433 --> 00:44:19.304 00:44:19.304 --> 00:44:23.880 00:44:23.880 --> 00:44:28.732 00:44:28.732 --> 00:44:35.280 00:44:35.280 --> 00:44:50.343 00:44:50.343 --> 00:44:53.427 00:44:53.427 --> 00:44:56.871 00:44:56.871 --> 00:44:58.733 00:44:58.733 --> 00:45:01.246 00:45:01.246 --> 00:45:07.118 00:45:07.118 --> 00:45:10.445 00:45:10.445 --> 00:45:15.926 00:45:15.926 --> 00:45:19.544 00:45:19.544 --> 00:45:22.550 00:45:22.550 --> 00:45:24.765 00:45:24.765 --> 00:45:29.835 00:45:29.835 --> 00:45:34.178 00:45:34.178 --> 00:45:38.225 00:45:38.225 --> 00:45:42.827 00:45:42.827 --> 00:45:45.682 00:45:45.682 --> 00:45:47.593 00:45:47.593 --> 00:45:52.423 00:45:52.423 --> 00:45:55.077 00:45:55.077 --> 00:46:15.484 00:46:15.484 --> 00:46:19.415 00:46:19.415 --> 00:46:24.825 00:46:24.825 --> 00:46:33.017