WEBVTT

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Ne kete video do te flasim per ligjin e kerkeses

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qe eshte nje nder konceptet thelbesore te mikroekonomise.

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Per fat te mire, eshte koncept mjaft i kuptueshem.

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Ky koncept vetem tregon se rritja e cmimit te nje produkti,

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do te ule sasine e kerkeses per ate produkt.

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Sasia e kerkeses do te ulet,

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dhe ju mund ta supozoni pjesen tjeter te saj.

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Nese ulim cmimin e nje produkti,

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sasia e kerkeses per ate produkt do te rritet.

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Me gjeresisht, ligji i kerkeses tregon

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ate cka do te shohim pas pak ne video,

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se ketu ka disa perjashtime.

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Me konkretisht,

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te mendojme kerkesen per nje produkt te caktuar.

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Per ta qartesuar

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dhe per te mos e ngaterruar konceptin,

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kur flasim per KERKESEN,

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ne kuptimin ekonomik,

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nuk po flasim per sasine,

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po per "te gjitha faktoret e tjere jane konstant"

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"ceteris paribus"

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te gjitha relacionet mes cmimit dhe sasise se kerkuar.

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Nese flasim per sasine,

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duhet te themi sasia e kerkuar

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Pra, KERKESA vs. SASIA E KERKUAR.

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jane dy gjera te ndryshme.

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Nese eshte pak konfuze per ju tani,

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shpresojme qe ne fund te videos

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dallimi mes kerkeses dhe sasise se kerkuar

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do te jete me e qarte,

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e sidomos gjate videove te radhes.

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Pasi qe ne kete video do te fokusohemi

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ne ate se si sasia e kerkuar ndryshon sipas cmimit,

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ne videot e ardhshme do te flasim se si

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kerkesa ndryshon bazuar ne faktore te ndryshem.

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Per te konkretizuar konceptin,

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le te themi qe jam duke e publikuar librin tim fantastiko-shkencore,

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apo cfaredo qe te jete, me rendesi do te publikoj nje liber.

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Pra, do te publikoj nje liber ne forme elektronike

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dhe na duhen disa studime te tregut

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ose vecse e dime cmimin

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apo se si kerkesa eshte e lidhur me cmimin,

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apo cmimi me kerkesen.

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Kete do ta paraqesim ne KURBEN E KERKESES,

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qe eshte vetem nje tabele

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qe tregon

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se si cmimi, dhe ne fakt une sapo bera gabimin tim te pare

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sepse thash "si cmimi lidhet me kerkese"

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dhe duhet te thoja se si cmimi lidhet me sasine e kerkuar,

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dhe se si sasia e kerkuar lidhet me cmimin.

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Pra, kurba e kerkeses tregon

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relacionin mes cmimit dhe sasise se kerkuar.

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TE GJITHE FAKTORET TJERE KONSTANT (ceteris paribus)

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Ketu do te tregojme disa shembuj.

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Pra, kjo shtylle eshte per shembujt.

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Ne kete shtylle do te vendos cmimin.

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Ne kete shtylle do te vendos sasine e kerkuar.

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Kete shembull....

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le ta quajme shembulli A

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Librit mund ti vendose cmimin $2

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Dhe nje numer shume i madh i njerezve do ta shkarkojne librin per kete cmim.

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Pra, do te kem 60,000 njerez

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qe do te blejne librin tim ne formen elektronike.

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Ne shembullin B do ta rris cmimin per $2.

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Pra, tani librin eshte $4, dhe do te ule kerkesen mjaft shume.

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Tani sasia e kerkuar do te zvogelohet ne

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40,000 njerez te cilet blejne librin.

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Tani shofim shembullin C.

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Nese prap rris cmimin per $2,

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pra tani cmimi eshte $6,

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sasia e kerkuar do te bjere ne 30,000.

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Tani do te marrim edhe 2 shembuj te tjere.

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Shembulli D, prap rrisim cmimin per $2.

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Tani marr $8 per librin.

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Sasia e kerkeses bie ne 25,000.

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Shembulli i fundit,

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-shih ngjyren qe nuk kam perdore ende-

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-ngjyren e verdhe-

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Shembulli E, rris cmimin ne $10.

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Le te themi qe sasia e kerkuar eshte 23,000.

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Ky relacion

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tregon ligjin e kerkeses.

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Kjo tabele tregon,

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relacionin mes sasise se kerkuar dhe cmimit dhe anasjelltas.

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Kjo eshte ajo cfare quajme KURBA E KERKESES.

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Tani, duke u bazuar ne kurben e kerkeses,

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nxjerrim LAKOREN E KERKESES

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Ne vetem do te bashkojme keto pika

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dhe vizatojme lakoren qe bashkon ato

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sepse keto nuk jane shembujt e vetem.

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Cdo gje ndermjet tyre eshte gjithashtu e mundur.

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Ne mund te kerkojme edhe $2.01 per librin.

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Ne gjithashtu mund te kerkojme edhe $4.50 per librin.

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Pra, lakorja e kerkeses

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nuk eshte vetem keto 5 pika por lakore e vazhdueshme.

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Pra,

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Le ta paraqesim grafikisht.

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Kjo eshte nje nga ato pjeset e ekonomise

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te cilat nuk i kam shume ne qef,

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sepse njerezit shpesh flasin per te ndryshuar cmimet

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dhe se si sasia e kerkuar ndryshon prej saj.

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Dhe tradicionalisht, ne shumicen e rasteve ne matematike dhe shkence,

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ate faktore qe nuk e ndryshon

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e vendose ne aksin horizontal.

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Pra, nese une do te isha ne krye te ekonomise

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cmimin do ta vendosja ne kete aks horizontal.

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Por, zakonisht

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cmimi vendoset ne aksin vertikal

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dhe ju jeni mesuar ta shihni kete

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ne shumicen e klaseve.

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Edhe une do te bej te njejten.

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Pra, do te vendosim cmimin ne aksin vertikal

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dhe sasine e kerkuar ne aksin horizontal.

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Tani sasia e kerkuar do te ngritet deri ne 60,000.

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Pra 10...20...30...40...50...60

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Pra eshte 10...ky numer eshte ne mijera.

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20..30...40...50....dhe 60

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edhe kjo ne mijera.

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Tani cmimi rritet deri ne $10

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per $2 ne $10.

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Le te theme qe eshte 2...4...6...8 dhe 10.

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Le te bashkojme shembujt.

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Pra, shembulli A, cmimi $2

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kerkesa eshte 60,000 njeri

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Ky eshte shembulli A.

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Shembulli B, kur cmimi eshte $4

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kerkesa eshte 40,000 njeri.

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$4, 40,000 njesi.

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Ky eshte shembulli B.

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Shembulli C, $6, 30,000 njesi.

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Shembulli D, $8, 25,000 njeri.

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$8, 25.

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duket se 25,000 eshte ketu...mjaft afer.

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Ky ketu eshte shembulli D.

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Ne fund, shembulli E,

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$10, 23,000 njesi.

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Do te duket dicka ngjashem si kjo.

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Ky eshte shembulli E.

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Cmimet e librit mund te jene cilido mes ketyre,

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ndoshta mund te shkojme edhe me tej.

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Pra kjo ketu.

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Nese terheqim lakoren e kerkeses,

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do te duket dicka e tille si kjo.

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Lakorja e kerkeses do te duket...

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-po mundohem te terheq nje vije te drejte-

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...dicka e tille.

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Mund te vazhdoje edhe me tej...

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Keto jane dy menyra per te demonstruar kerkesen.

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Do te kthehem tek ajo cka thash me pare,

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sasia e kerkuar, per nje cmim te caktuar, (nese cdo gje tjeter mbetet konstante)

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sa njesi (ne rastin tone libra) jane njerezit e gatshem per te shkarkuar

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ose blere nga librat e mi elektronik.

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Kur flasim vetem per kerkesen

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jemi duke folur per gjithe relacionin ne teresi.

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Pra, vete kerkesa,

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eshte e gjithe kurba e kerkeses.

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Menyra tjeter per ta pare kerkesen,

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eshte e gjithe lakorja e kerkeses.

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Nese do te ndryshohej kerkesa,

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ne do te kishim nje lakore tjeter.

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Kjo lakore ose

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e gjithe tabela do te zhvendosej.

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Nese ndryshon sasia e kerkuar,

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do te levizim pergjate lakores (nuk do te zhvendoset)

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Kur cdo gje tjeter mbahet konstante

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dhe ndryshohet vetem cmimi.

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Shpresojme qe kjo eshte qarte.

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Kur cdo gje tjeter eshte konstante (e barabarte)

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dhe ndryshohet vetem cmimi,

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kerkesa nuk ndyrshohet.

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E vetmja gje qe ndryshohet eshte sasia e kerkuar.

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Kerkesa, pasi qe cdo gje tjeter eshte konstante,

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eshte ky relacion.

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Ne videot e ardhshme,

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do te shofim se cfare ndodh

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kur ndryshohen faktore te tjere.