[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Diana Reiss: You may think you're looking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.00,0:00:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through a window at a dolphin spinning playfully,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.00,0:00:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what you're actually looking through
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.00,0:00:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a two-way mirror at a dolphin
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.00,0:00:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking at itself spinning playfully.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.00,0:00:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a dolphin that is self-aware.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.00,0:00:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This dolphin has self-awareness.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.00,0:00:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a young dolphin named Bayley.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.00,0:00:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been very interested in understanding the nature
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.00,0:00:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the intelligence of dolphins for the past 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.00,0:00:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do we explore intelligence in this animal
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.00,0:00:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's so different from us?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.00,0:00:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what I've used is a very simple research tool,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.00,0:00:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mirror, and we've gained great information,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.00,0:00:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reflections of these animal minds.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.00,0:00:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dolphins aren't the only animals, the only non-human animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.00,0:00:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to show mirror self-recognition.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.00,0:00:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We used to think this was a uniquely human ability,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.00,0:00:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we learned that the great apes, our closest relatives,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.00,0:00:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also show this ability.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.00,0:00:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we showed it in dolphins,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.00,0:00:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then later in elephants.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.00,0:01:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We did this work in my lab with the dolphins and elephants,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.00,0:01:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's been recently shown in the magpie.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.00,0:01:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it's interesting, because we've embraced
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.00,0:01:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this Darwinian view of a continuity in physical evolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.00,0:01:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this physical continuity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.00,0:01:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we've been much more reticent, much slower
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.00,0:01:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at recognizing this continuity in cognition,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.00,0:01:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in emotion, in consciousness in other animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.00,0:01:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other animals are conscious.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.00,0:01:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're emotional. They're aware.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.00,0:01:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There have been multitudes of studies with many species
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.00,0:01:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the years that have given us exquisite evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.00,0:01:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for thinking and consciousness in other animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.00,0:01:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other animals that are quite different than we are in form.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.00,0:01:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are not alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.00,0:01:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are not alone in these abilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.00,0:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I hope, and one of my biggest dreams,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.00,0:01:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that, with our growing awareness
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.00,0:01:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the consciousness of others
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.00,0:01:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our relationship with the rest of the animal world,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.00,0:02:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we'll give them the respect and protection
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.00,0:02:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they deserve.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.00,0:02:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's a wish I'm throwing out here for everybody,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.00,0:02:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I hope I can really engage you in this idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.00,0:02:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I want to return to dolphins,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.00,0:02:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because these are the animals that I feel like
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.00,0:02:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been working up closely and personal with
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.00,0:02:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for over 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.00,0:02:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these are real personalities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.00,0:02:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are not persons, but they're personalities
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.00,0:02:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in every sense of the word.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.00,0:02:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can't get more alien than the dolphin.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.00,0:02:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are very different from us in body form.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.00,0:02:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're radically different. They come from a radically different environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.00,0:02:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we're separated by 95 million years
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.00,0:02:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of divergent evolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.00,0:02:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at this body.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.00,0:02:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in every sense of making a pun here,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.00,0:02:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these are true non-terrestrials.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.00,0:02:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wondered how we might interface with these animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.00,0:02:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1980s, I developed an underwater keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.00,0:02:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was a custom-made touch-screen keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.00,0:02:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I wanted to do was give the dolphins choice and control.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.00,0:03:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are big brains, highly social animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.00,0:03:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I thought, well, if we give them choice and control,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.00,0:03:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they can hit a symbol on this keyboard --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.00,0:03:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by the way, it was interfaced by fiber optic cables
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.00,0:03:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Hewlett-Packard with an Apple II computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.00,0:03:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This seems prehistoric now,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.00,0:03:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this was where we were with technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.00,0:03:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the dolphins could hit a key, a symbol,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.00,0:03:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they heard a computer-generated whistle,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.00,0:03:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they got an object or activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.00,0:03:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now here's a little video.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.00,0:03:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is Delphi and Pan, and you're going to see Delphi
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.00,0:03:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hitting a key, he hears a computer-generated whistle -- (Whistle) --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.00,0:03:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and gets a ball, so they can actually ask for things they want.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.00,0:03:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was remarkable is, they explored this keyboard
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.00,0:03:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on their own. There was no intervention on our part.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.00,0:03:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They explored the keyboard. They played around with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.00,0:03:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They figured out how it worked.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.00,0:03:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they started to quickly imitate the sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.00,0:03:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were hearing on the keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.00,0:03:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They imitated on their own.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.00,0:03:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beyond that, though, they started learning
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.00,0:03:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associations between the symbols, the sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.00,0:04:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the objects.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.00,0:04:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we saw was self-organized learning,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.00,0:04:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now I'm imagining, what can we do
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.00,0:04:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with new technologies?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.00,0:04:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we create interfaces, new windows into
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.00,0:04:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the minds of animals, with the technologies that exist today?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.00,0:04:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I was thinking about this, and then, one day,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.00,0:04:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got a call from Peter.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.00,0:04:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Peter Gabriel: I make noises for a living.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.00,0:04:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On a good day, it's music,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.00,0:04:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I want to talk a little bit about
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.00,0:04:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most amazing music-making experience I ever had.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.00,0:04:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a farm boy. I grew up surrounded by animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.00,0:04:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I would look in these eyes and wonder
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.00,0:04:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what was going on there?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.00,0:04:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So as an adult, when I started to read about
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.00,0:04:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the amazing breakthroughs with Penny Patterson and Koko,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.00,0:04:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Sue Savage-Rumbaugh and Kanzi, Panbanisha,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.00,0:04:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Irene Pepperberg, Alex the parrot,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.00,0:04:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got all excited.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.00,0:04:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was amazing to me also
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.00,0:05:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was they seemed a lot more adept
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.00,0:05:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at getting a handle on our language
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.00,0:05:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than we were on getting a handle on theirs.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.00,0:05:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I work with a lot of musicians from around the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.00,0:05:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and often we don't have any common language at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.00,0:05:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we sit down behind our instruments,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.00,0:05:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and suddenly there's a way for us to connect and emote.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.00,0:05:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I started cold-calling, and eventually got through
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.00,0:05:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Sue Savage-Rumbaugh,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.00,0:05:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she invited me down.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.00,0:05:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went down, and the bonobos
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.00,0:05:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had had access to percussion instruments,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.00,0:05:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,musical toys, but never before to a keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.00,0:05:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At first they did what infants do,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.00,0:05:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just bashed it with their fists,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.00,0:05:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then I asked, through Sue,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.00,0:05:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if Panbanisha could try with one finger only.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.00,0:05:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sue Savage-Rumbaugh: Can you play a grooming song?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.00,0:05:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to hear a grooming song.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.00,0:06:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Play a real quiet grooming song.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.00,0:06:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PG: So groom was the subject of the piece.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.00,0:06:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.00,0:06:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm just behind, jamming,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.00,0:06:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yeah, this is what we started with.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.00,0:06:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sue's encouraging her to continue a little more.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.00,0:06:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.00,0:07:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She discovers a note she likes,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.00,0:07:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,finds the octave.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.00,0:07:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She'd never sat at a keyboard before.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.00,0:07:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nice triplets.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.00,0:08:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SSR: You did good. That was very good.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.00,0:08:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PG: She hit good.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.00,0:08:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.00,0:08:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that night, we began to dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.00,0:08:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we thought, perhaps the most amazing tool
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.00,0:08:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that man's created is the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:08:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what would happen if we could somehow
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.00,0:08:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find new interfaces,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.00,0:08:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,visual-audio interfaces that would allow
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.00,0:08:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these remarkable sentient beings
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.00,0:08:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we share the planet with access?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.00,0:08:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Sue Savage-Rumbaugh got excited about that,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.00,0:08:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called her friend Steve Woodruff,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.00,0:08:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we began hustling all sorts of people
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.00,0:08:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose work related or was inspiring,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.00,0:08:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which led us to Diana,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.00,0:08:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and led us to Neil.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.00,0:08:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neil Gershenfeld: Thanks, Peter.\NPG: Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.00,0:08:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.00,0:08:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: So Peter approached me.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.00,0:09:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I lost it when I saw that clip.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.00,0:09:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He approached me with a vision of doing these things
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.00,0:09:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not for people, for animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.00,0:09:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I was struck in the history of the Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.00,0:09:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what the Internet looked like when it was born
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.00,0:09:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can call that the Internet
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.00,0:09:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of middle-aged white men,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.00,0:09:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mostly middle-aged white men.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.00,0:09:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vint Cerf: (Laughs)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.00,0:09:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.00,0:09:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: Speaking as one.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.00,0:09:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, when I first came to TED,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.00,0:09:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was where I met Peter, I showed this.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.00,0:09:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a $1 web server,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.00,0:09:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at the time that was radical.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.00,0:09:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the possibility of making a web server for a dollar
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.00,0:09:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grew into what became known as the Internet of Things,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.00,0:09:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is literally an industry now with tremendous implications
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.00,0:09:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for health care, energy efficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.00,0:09:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we were happy with ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.00,0:09:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then when Peter showed me that,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.00,0:09:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I realized we had missed something,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.00,0:09:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the rest of the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.00,0:09:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we started up this interspecies Internet project.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.00,0:09:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now we started talking with TED
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.00,0:10:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how you bring dolphins and great apes and elephants
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.00,0:10:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to TED, and we realized that wouldn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.00,0:10:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're going to bring you to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.00,0:10:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we could switch to the audio from this computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.00,0:10:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been video conferencing with cognitive animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.00,0:10:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're going to have each of them
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.00,0:10:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just briefly introduce them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.00,0:10:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so if we could also have this up, great.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.00,0:10:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first site we're going to meet
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.00,0:10:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is Cameron Park Zoo in Waco, with orangutans.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.00,0:10:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the daytime they live outside. It's nighttime there now.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.00,0:10:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So can you please go ahead?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.00,0:10:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Terri Cox: Hi, I'm Terri Cox
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.00,0:10:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Cameron Park Zoo in Waco, Texas,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.00,0:10:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with me I have KeraJaan and Mei,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.00,0:10:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two of our Bornean orangutans.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.00,0:10:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the day, they have a beautiful, large outdoor habitat,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.00,0:10:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at night, they come into this habitat,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.00,0:10:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into their night quarters,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.00,0:10:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they can have a climate-controlled
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.00,0:10:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and secure environment to sleep in.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.00,0:10:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We participate in the Apps for Apes program
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.00,0:11:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orangutan Outreach, and we use iPads
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.00,0:11:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help stimulate and enrich the animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.00,0:11:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also help raise awareness
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.00,0:11:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for these critically endangered animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.00,0:11:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they share 97 percent of our DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.00,0:11:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are incredibly intelligent,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.00,0:11:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's so exciting to think of all the opportunities
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.00,0:11:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have via technology and the Internet
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.00,0:11:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to really enrich their lives and open up their world.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.00,0:11:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're really excited about the possibility
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.00,0:11:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of an interspecies Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.00,0:11:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and K.J. has been enjoying the conference very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.00,0:11:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: That's great. When we were rehearsing last night,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.00,0:11:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he had fun watching the elephants.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.00,0:11:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next user group are the dolphins at the National Aquarium.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.00,0:11:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please go ahead.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.00,0:11:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Allison Ginsburg: Good evening.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.00,0:11:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, my name is Allison Ginsburg,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.00,0:11:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're live in Baltimore at the National Aquarium.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.00,0:11:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Joining me are three of our eight Atlantic bottlenose dolphins:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.00,0:11:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20-year-old Chesapeake, who was our first dolphin born here,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.00,0:11:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her four-year-old daughter Bayley,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.00,0:12:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and her half sister, 11-year-old Maya.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.00,0:12:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, here at the National Aquarium
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.00,0:12:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are committed to excellence in animal care,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.00,0:12:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to research, and to conservation.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.00,0:12:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The dolphins are pretty intrigued as to what's going on here tonight.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.00,0:12:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're not really used to having cameras here
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.00,0:12:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at 8 o'clock at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.00,0:12:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition, we are very committed to doing
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.00,0:12:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different types of research.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.00,0:12:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As Diana mentioned, our animals are involved
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.00,0:12:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in many different research studies.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.00,0:12:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: Those are for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.00,0:12:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, that's great, thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.00,0:12:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third user group, in Thailand,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.00,0:12:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is Think Elephants. Go ahead, Josh.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.00,0:12:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Josh Plotnik: Hi, my name is Josh Plotnik,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.00,0:12:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm with Think Elephants International,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.00,0:12:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're here in the Golden Triangle of Thailand
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.00,0:12:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Golden Triangle Asian Elephant Foundation elephants.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.00,0:13:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we have 26 elephants here,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.00,0:13:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our research is focused on the evolution of intelligence with elephants,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.00,0:13:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but our foundation Think Elephants is focused
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.00,0:13:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on bringing elephants into classrooms around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.00,0:13:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virtually like this and showing people
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.00,0:13:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how incredible these animals are.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.00,0:13:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're able to bring the camera right up to the elephant,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.00,0:13:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put food into the elephant's mouth,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.00,0:13:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,show people what's going on inside their mouths,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.00,0:13:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and show everyone around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.00,0:13:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how incredible these animals really are.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.00,0:13:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: Okay, that's great. Thanks Josh.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.00,0:13:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once again, we've been building great relationships
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.00,0:13:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among them just since we've been rehearsing.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.00,0:13:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So at that point, if we can go back to the other computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.00,0:13:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were starting to think about how you integrate
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.00,0:13:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rest of the biomass of the planet into the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.00,0:13:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we went to the best possible person
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.00,0:13:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can think of, which is Vint Cerf,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.00,0:13:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is one of the founders who gave us the Internet. Vint?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.00,0:13:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,VC: Thank you, Neil.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.00,0:13:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.00,0:14:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A long time ago in a galaxy — oops, wrong script.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.00,0:14:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Forty years ago, Bob Kahn and I
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.00,0:14:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did the design of the Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.00,0:14:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thirty years ago, we turned it on.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.00,0:14:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just last year, we turned on the production Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.00,0:14:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've been using the experimental version
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.00,0:14:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the last 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.00,0:14:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The production version, it uses IP version 6.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.00,0:14:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has 3.4 times 10 to the 38th possible terminations.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.00,0:14:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a number only that Congress can appreciate.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.00,0:14:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it leads to what is coming next.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.00,0:14:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Bob and I did this design,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.00,0:14:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we thought we were building a system to connect computers together.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.00,0:14:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we very quickly discovered
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.00,0:14:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that this was a system for connecting people together.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.00,0:14:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what you've seen tonight
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.00,0:14:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tells you that we should not restrict this network
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.00,0:14:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to one species,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.00,0:14:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these other intelligent, sentient species
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.00,0:14:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should be part of the system too.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.00,0:14:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the system as it looks today, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.00,0:15:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what the Internet looks like to a computer
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.00,0:15:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's trying to figure out where the traffic
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.00,0:15:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is supposed to go.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.00,0:15:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is generated by a program
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.00,0:15:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's looking at the connectivity of the Internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.00,0:15:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how all the various networks are connected together.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.00,0:15:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are about 400,000 networks, interconnected,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.00,0:15:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run independently by 400,000 different operating agencies,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.00,0:15:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the only reason this works
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.00,0:15:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that they all use the same standard TCP/IP protocols.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.00,0:15:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you know where this is headed.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.00,0:15:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Internet of Things tell us
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.00,0:15:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a lot of computer-enabled appliances and devices
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.00,0:15:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are going to become part of this system too:
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.00,0:15:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appliances that you use around the house,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.00,0:15:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you use in your office,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.00,0:15:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you carry around with yourself or in the car.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.00,0:15:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the Internet of Things that's coming.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.00,0:15:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, what's important about what these people are doing
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.00,0:15:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that they're beginning to learn
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.00,0:15:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to communicate with species
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.00,0:15:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are not us
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.00,0:16:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but share a common sensory environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.00,0:16:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're beginning to explore what it means
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.00,0:16:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to communicate with something
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.00,0:16:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that isn't just another person.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.00,0:16:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you can see what's coming next.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.00,0:16:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All kinds of possible sentient beings
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.00,0:16:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may be interconnected through this system,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.00,0:16:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I can't wait to see these experiments unfold.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.00,0:16:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens after that?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.00,0:16:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, let's see.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.00,0:16:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are machines that need to talk to machines
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.00,0:16:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that we need to talk to, and so as time goes on,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.00,0:16:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to have to learn
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.00,0:16:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to communicate with computers
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.00,0:16:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to get computers to communicate with us
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.00,0:16:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way that we're accustomed to,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.00,0:16:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not with keyboards, not with mice,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.00,0:16:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with speech and gestures
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.00,0:16:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all the natural human language that we're accustomed to.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.00,0:16:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we'll need something like C3PO
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.00,0:16:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become a translator between ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.00,0:16:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some of the other machines we live with.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.00,0:16:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, there is a project that's underway
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.00,0:16:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the interplanetary Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.00,0:16:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's in operation between Earth and Mars.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.00,0:17:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's operating on the International Space Station.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:01.00,0:17:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's part of the spacecraft that's in orbit around the Sun
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.00,0:17:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's rendezvoused with two planets.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.00,0:17:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the interplanetary system is on its way,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.00,0:17:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's a last project,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.00,0:17:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:14.00,0:17:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which funded the original ARPANET,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.00,0:17:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,funded the Internet, funded the interplanetary architecture,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.00,0:17:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is now funding a project to design a spacecraft
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.00,0:17:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get to the nearest star in 100 years' time.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.00,0:17:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that means is that what we're learning
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.00,0:17:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with these interactions with other species
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.00,0:17:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will teach us, ultimately,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.00,0:17:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how we might interact with an alien from another world.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.00,0:17:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can hardly wait.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.00,0:17:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.00,0:17:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,June Cohen: So first of all, thank you,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.00,0:17:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I would like to acknowledge that four people
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.00,0:17:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who could talk to us for full four days
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.00,0:17:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually managed to stay to four minutes each,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.00,0:17:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we thank you for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.00,0:17:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have so many questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.00,0:18:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but maybe a few practical things that the audience might want to know.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.00,0:18:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're launching this idea here at TED —\NPG: Today.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.00,0:18:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,JC: Today. This is the first time you're talking about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.00,0:18:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tell me a little bit about where you're going to take the idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.00,0:18:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's next?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.00,0:18:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PG: I think we want to engage as many people
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.00,0:18:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here as possible in helping us
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.00,0:18:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think of smart interfaces that will make all this possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.00,0:18:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: And just mechanically,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.00,0:18:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a 501(c)(3) and web infrastructure
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.00,0:18:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all of that, but it's not quite ready to turn on,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.00,0:18:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we'll roll that out, and contact us
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.00,0:18:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you want the information on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.00,0:18:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea is this will be -- much like the Internet functions
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.00,0:18:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a network of networks,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.00,0:18:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is Vint's core contribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.00,0:18:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this will be a wrapper around all of these initiatives,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.00,0:18:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are wonderful individually, to link them globally.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.00,0:18:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,JC: Right, and do you have a web address
Dialogue: 0,0:18:40.00,0:18:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we might look for yet?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.00,0:18:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: Shortly.\NJC: Shortly. We will come back to you on that.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.00,0:18:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And very quickly, just to clarify.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.00,0:18:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people might have looked at the video that you showed
Dialogue: 0,0:18:50.00,0:18:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thought, well, that's just a webcam.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.00,0:18:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's special about it?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.00,0:18:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you could talk for just a moment
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.00,0:18:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how you want to go past that?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.00,0:18:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,NG: So this is scalable video infrastructure,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:59.00,0:19:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not for a few to a few but many to many,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:02.00,0:19:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that it scales to symmetrical video sharing
Dialogue: 0,0:19:05.00,0:19:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and content sharing across these sites around the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.00,0:19:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's a lot of back-end signal processing,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.00,0:19:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not for one to many, but for many to many.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.00,0:19:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,JC: Right, and then on a practical level,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.00,0:19:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which technologies are you looking at first?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.00,0:19:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know you mentioned that a keyboard is a really key part of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.00,0:19:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR: We're trying to develop an interactive touch screen for dolphins.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.00,0:19:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is sort of a continuation of some of the earlier work,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.00,0:19:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we just got our first seed money today towards that,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:29.00,0:19:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's our first project.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.00,0:19:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,JC: Before the talk, even.\NDR: Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.00,0:19:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,JC: Wow. Well done.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.00,0:19:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, well thank you all so much for joining us.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.00,0:19:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's such a delight to have you on the stage.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.00,0:19:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DR: Thank you.\NVC: Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.00,0:19:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)