WEBVTT

00:00:08.533 --> 00:00:09.867
When food is ingested,

00:00:09.867 --> 00:00:12.660
it travels along the digestive tract

00:00:12.660 --> 00:00:13.698
where it's broken down

00:00:13.698 --> 00:00:16.238
into its component nutrients

00:00:16.238 --> 00:00:18.954
in order to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

00:00:19.655 --> 00:00:22.155
One such nutrient is glucose,

00:00:22.155 --> 00:00:24.123
a simple sugar.

00:00:24.158 --> 00:00:26.117
Glucose gets absorbed by the stomach

00:00:26.117 --> 00:00:29.249
and intestines and then enters the bloodstream.

00:00:30.200 --> 00:00:30.579


00:00:30.579 --> 00:00:31.908
It travels through the circulation

00:00:31.908 --> 00:00:33.323
to all body cells.

00:00:33.323 --> 00:00:42.120


00:00:42.120 --> 00:00:44.782
Once absorbed into the bloodstream,

00:00:44.782 --> 00:00:47.491
glucose circulates, causing the blood sugar

00:00:47.491 --> 00:00:49.159
level to rise.

00:00:49.159 --> 00:00:51.034
An increased level of blood sugars,

00:00:51.034 --> 00:00:54.158
sends a signal to the pancreatic beta cells,

00:00:54.158 --> 00:00:57.450
which respond by secreting the hormone insulin

00:00:57.450 --> 00:00:58.824
into the circulation.

00:00:58.824 --> 00:01:01.596


00:01:01.596 --> 00:01:04.194
Insulin is necessary for glucose to reach

00:01:04.194 --> 00:01:06.762
and be used by several important target

00:01:06.762 --> 00:01:09.264
tissues throughout the body.

00:01:09.264 --> 00:01:12.262
These include the liver, muscle,

00:01:12.262 --> 00:01:13.411
an adipose tissue.

00:01:13.411 --> 00:01:14.154


00:01:14.154 --> 00:01:15.033
Insulin is necessary

00:01:15.033 --> 00:01:16.700
to keep blood glucose levels

00:01:16.700 --> 00:01:17.994
stable in the body.

00:01:17.994 --> 00:01:18.614


00:01:18.614 --> 00:01:28.454


00:01:28.454 --> 00:01:29.828
Glucose enters the cell

00:01:29.828 --> 00:01:32.827
through a process called "facilitated diffusion."

00:01:32.827 --> 00:01:36.827