[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.11,0:00:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How's this for a strange idea:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.16,0:00:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a day off from work in honor of work itself?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.42,0:00:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, that is what Labor Day,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.38,0:00:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celebrated in the United States and Canada
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.38,0:00:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the first Monday of every September,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.72,0:00:21.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.88,0:00:23.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first American Labor Day
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.67,0:00:25.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was celebrated in New York City
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.53,0:00:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on September 5th, 1882,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.44,0:00:30.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as thousands of workers and their families
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.69,0:00:34.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,came to Union Square for a day in the park.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.61,0:00:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was not a national holiday
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.69,0:00:38.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but had been organized by a union
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.61,0:00:41.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to honor workers and their hard efforts
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.02,0:00:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a rare day of rest,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.94,0:00:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,halfway between July 4th and Thanksgiving.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.02,0:00:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were picnics and a parade,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.61,0:00:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there were also protests.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.94,0:00:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The workers had gathered,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.44,0:00:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just to rest and celebrate,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.78,0:00:57.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but to demand fair wages,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.71,0:01:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the end of child labor,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.13,0:01:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the right to organize into unions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.22,0:01:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the period known as
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.68,0:01:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Industrial Revolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.60,0:01:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many jobs were difficult, dirty and dangerous.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.06,0:01:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People worked for twelve hours,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.06,0:01:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,six days a week,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.40,0:01:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without fringe benefits,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.06,0:01:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as vacations, health care and pensions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.07,0:01:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you were young, chances are
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.57,0:01:24.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you were doing manual labor
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.99,0:01:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of your ABCs and fractions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.99,0:01:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children as young as ten
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.17,0:01:32.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,worked in some of the most hazardous places,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.51,0:01:36.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like coal mines or factories filled with boiling vats
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.21,0:01:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or dangerous machines.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.94,0:01:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Trying to win better pay, shorter hours
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.80,0:01:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and safer conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.42,0:01:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,workers had begun to form labor unions
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.67,0:01:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in America and Canada,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.92,0:01:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the companies they worked for
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.90,0:01:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often fought hard to keep unions out
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.74,0:01:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to supress strikes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.93,0:01:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At times, this led to violent battles
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.44,0:01:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between workers and business owners
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.64,0:02:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the owners often backed up by the police,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.94,0:02:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even the military.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.31,0:02:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the following years,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.81,0:02:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea of Labor Day caught on in America
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.73,0:02:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with official celebrations reaching 30 states.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.24,0:02:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then came the violent
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.97,0:02:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Haymarket Square Riot of 1886,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.38,0:02:20.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which led to the deaths of several policemen
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.67,0:02:22.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and workers in Chicago
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.51,0:02:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the execution of four union leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.10,0:02:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After that, many labor and political groups
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.10,0:02:30.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.59,0:02:34.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had begun to mark Haymarket Square on May 1st,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.45,0:02:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which became known as
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.90,0:02:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,International Workers' Day.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.46,0:02:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1894, President Grover Cleveland
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.82,0:02:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signed the law making Labor Day a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.36,0:02:46.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,federal holiday in America,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.59,0:02:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only days after he had sent
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.52,0:02:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,12,000 soldiers to end
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.69,0:02:52.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a violent railroad strike
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.66,0:02:55.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that resulted in the death of several people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.87,0:02:58.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The original September date was kept,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.43,0:03:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly to avoid the more radical associations of May 1st.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.96,0:03:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Canada also created its Labor Day in 1894.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.07,0:03:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, in spite of this new holiday,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.36,0:03:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be a long time before the changes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.68,0:03:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that workers wanted
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.32,0:03:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became a reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.02,0:03:19.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1938, during the Great Depression
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.42,0:03:21.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that left millions without jobs,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.59,0:03:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.56,0:03:26.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signed a law calling for an eight-hour work day,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.70,0:03:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a five-day work week,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.75,0:03:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an end to child labor,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.70,0:03:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the first federal protections for American workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.04,0:03:38.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As America and Canada celebrate Labor Day,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.61,0:03:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of the two countries' children enjoy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.15,0:03:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a day off from school.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.15,0:03:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it is important to remember
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.07,0:03:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there was a time that
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.57,0:03:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyday was a labor day for children in America and Canada,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.62,0:03:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and unfortunately,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.15,0:03:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same fact remains true
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.15,0:03:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for millions of children around the world today.