[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.87,0:00:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I experienced my first coup d'état at the age of four.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.12,0:00:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because of the coup d'état,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.84,0:00:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my family had to leave my native home of Ghana
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.96,0:00:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and move to the Gambia.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.18,0:00:13.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As luck would have it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.90,0:00:15.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,six months after we arrived,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.63,0:00:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they too had a military coup.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.70,0:00:21.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I vividly remember being woken\Nup in the middle of the night
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.12,0:00:23.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and gathering the few belongings we could
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.35,0:00:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and walking for about two hours
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.30,0:00:28.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a safe house.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.34,0:00:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For a week, we slept under our beds
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.18,0:00:35.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we were worried that bullets\Nmight fly through the window.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.96,0:00:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, at the age of eight,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.14,0:00:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we moved to Botswana.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.26,0:00:42.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This time, it was different.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.46,0:00:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were no coups.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.29,0:00:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything worked. Great education.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.34,0:00:50.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had such good infrastructure\Nthat even at the time they had
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.31,0:00:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a fiber-optic telephone system,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.21,0:00:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,long before it had reached Western countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.47,0:00:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only thing they didn't have
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.35,0:01:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that they didn't have
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.68,0:01:03.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their own national television station,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.33,0:01:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so I remember watching
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.22,0:01:07.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TV from neighboring South Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.70,0:01:10.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and watching Nelson Mandela in jail
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.33,0:01:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being offered a chance to come out
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.62,0:01:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if he would give up the apartheid struggle.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.50,0:01:16.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he didn't. He refused to do that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.62,0:01:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until he actually achieved his objective
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.46,0:01:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of freeing South Africa from apartheid.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.68,0:01:25.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I remember feeling how just one good leader
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.71,0:01:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could make such a big difference in Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.56,0:01:32.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then at the age of 12,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.83,0:01:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my family sent me to high school in Zimbabwe.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.17,0:01:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Initially, this too was amazing:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.75,0:01:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growing economy, excellent infrastructure,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.93,0:01:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it seemed like it was a model
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.97,0:01:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for economic development in Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.66,0:01:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I graduated from high school in Zimbabwe
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.65,0:01:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I went off to college.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.07,0:01:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Six years later, I returned to the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.16,0:01:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything was different.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.14,0:02:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It had shattered into pieces.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.40,0:02:05.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Millions of people had emigrated,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.61,0:02:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the economy was in a shambles,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.41,0:02:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it seemed all of a sudden that 30 years
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.00,0:02:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of development had been wiped out.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.89,0:02:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could a country go so bad so fast?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.38,0:02:16.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most people would agree
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.99,0:02:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it's all because of leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.18,0:02:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One man, President Robert Mugabe,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.96,0:02:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is almost single-handedly responsible
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.17,0:02:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for having destroyed this country.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.52,0:02:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, all these experiences of living in different
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.24,0:02:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,parts of Africa growing up
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.68,0:02:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did two things to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.50,0:02:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first is it made me fall in love with Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.78,0:02:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everywhere I went,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.70,0:02:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I experienced the wonderful beauty of our continent
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.38,0:02:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and saw the resilience and the spirit of our people,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.53,0:02:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at the time, I realized that I wanted to dedicate
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.46,0:02:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rest of my life to making this continent great.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.24,0:02:54.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I also realized that making Africa great
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.14,0:02:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would require addressing this issue of leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.46,0:02:59.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see, all these countries I lived in,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.63,0:03:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the coups d'état
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.62,0:03:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the corruption I'd seen in Ghana and Gambia
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.68,0:03:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in Zimbabwe,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.40,0:03:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contrasted with the wonderful examples I had seen
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.86,0:03:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Botswana and in South \NAfrica of good leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.41,0:03:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It made me realize that Africa would rise or fall
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.50,0:03:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of the quality of our leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.17,0:03:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, one might think, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.42,0:03:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leadership matters everywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.19,0:03:33.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if there's one thing you take\Naway from my talk today, it is this:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.42,0:03:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Africa, more than anywhere else in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.55,0:03:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the difference that just one good leader can make
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.88,0:03:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is much greater than anywhere \Nelse, and here's why.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.44,0:03:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's because in Africa, we have weak institutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.22,0:03:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the judiciary, the constitution,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.90,0:03:52.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,civil society and so forth.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.09,0:03:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's a general rule of thumb that I believe in:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.94,0:03:58.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When societies have strong institutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.71,0:04:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the difference that one good\Nleader can make is limited,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.97,0:04:04.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when you have weak institutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.18,0:04:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then just one good leader
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.91,0:04:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can make or break that country.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.06,0:04:11.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me make it a bit more concrete.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.37,0:04:14.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You become the president of the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.42,0:04:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You think, "Wow, I've arrived.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.69,0:04:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm the most powerful man in the world."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.75,0:04:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you decide, perhaps let me pass a law.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.44,0:04:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of a sudden, Congress taps you on the shoulder
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.98,0:04:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and says, "No, no, no, no, no, you can't do that."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.11,0:04:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You say, "Let me try this way."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.82,0:04:32.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Senate comes and says, "Uh-uh,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.27,0:04:35.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't think you can do that."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.10,0:04:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You say, perhaps, "Let me print some money.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.74,0:04:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the economy needs a stimulus."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.40,0:04:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The central bank governor will think you're crazy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.89,0:04:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might get impeached for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.00,0:04:47.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you become the president of Zimbabwe,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.31,0:04:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you say, "You know, I really like this job.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.44,0:04:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think I'd like to stay in it forever."\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.22,0:04:58.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you just can.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.07,0:05:00.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You decide you want to print money.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.55,0:05:02.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You call the central bank governor and you say,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.45,0:05:04.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Please double the money supply."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.78,0:05:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He'll say, "Okay, yes, sir,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.23,0:05:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is there anything else I can do for you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.77,0:05:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the power that African leaders have,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.61,0:05:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is why they make the most difference
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.13,0:05:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.58,0:05:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good news is that
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.63,0:05:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the quality of leadership in Africa has been improving.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.46,0:05:27.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've had three generations \Nof leaders, in my mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.21,0:05:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Generation one are those who appeared
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.43,0:05:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the '50s and '60s.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.98,0:05:33.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are people like Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.41,0:05:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Julius Nyerere of Tanzania.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.83,0:05:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The legacy they left is that they\Nbrought independence to Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.43,0:05:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They freed us from colonialism,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.74,0:05:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let's give them credit for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.12,0:05:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were followed by generation two.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.13,0:05:47.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are people that brought nothing
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.18,0:05:49.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but havoc to Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.32,0:05:52.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think warfare, corruption, human rights abuses.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.75,0:05:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the stereotype of \Nthe typical African leader
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.78,0:05:56.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we typically think of:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.18,0:05:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mobutu Sese Seko from Zaire,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.18,0:06:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sani Abacha from Nigeria.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.56,0:06:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good news is that most of\Nthese leaders have moved on,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.74,0:06:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were replaced by generation three.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.84,0:06:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are people like the late Nelson Mandela
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.16,0:06:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most of the leaders that we see in Africa today,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.18,0:06:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Paul Kagame and so forth.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.85,0:06:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now these leaders are by no means perfect,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.96,0:06:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the one thing they have done is that they have
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.60,0:06:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cleaned up much of the mess of generation two.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.60,0:06:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've stopped the fighting,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.06,0:06:25.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I call them the stabilizer generation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.16,0:06:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're much more accountable to their people,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.11,0:06:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've improved macroeconomic policies,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.30,0:06:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are seeing for the first time
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.24,0:06:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africa's growing, and in \Nfact it's the second fastest
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.58,0:06:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growing economic region in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.42,0:06:38.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So these leaders are by no means perfect,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.59,0:06:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they are by and large
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.92,0:06:44.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the best leaders we've seen in the last 50 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.75,0:06:47.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So where to from here?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.63,0:06:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that the next generation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.84,0:06:52.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come after this, generation four,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.48,0:06:55.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a unique opportunity
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.01,0:06:57.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to transform the continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.56,0:06:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Specifically, they can do two things
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.41,0:07:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that previous generations have not done.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.53,0:07:03.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first thing they need to do
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.72,0:07:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is they need to create prosperity for the continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.14,0:07:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is prosperity so important?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.03,0:07:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because none of the previous generations
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.71,0:07:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been able to tackle this issue of poverty.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.39,0:07:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africa today
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.71,0:07:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has the fastest growing population in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.54,0:07:19.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also is the poorest.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.24,0:07:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By 2030, Africa will have a\Nlarger workforce than China,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.92,0:07:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by 2050, it will have the\Nlargest workforce in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.72,0:07:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One billion people will need jobs in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.25,0:07:31.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so if we don't grow our economies fast enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.63,0:07:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're sitting on a ticking time bomb,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.07,0:07:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just for Africa but for the entire world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.60,0:07:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me show you an example
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.74,0:07:41.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of one person who is living up to this legacy
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.45,0:07:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of creating prosperity: Laetitia.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.21,0:07:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Laetitia's a young woman from Kenya
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.20,0:07:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who at the age of 13 had to drop out of school
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.00,0:07:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because her family couldn't \Nafford to pay fees for her.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.91,0:07:54.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she started her own business rearing rabbits,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.11,0:07:55.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which happen to be a delicacy in this part of Kenya
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.71,0:07:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she's from.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.31,0:07:59.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This business did so well that within a year,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.29,0:08:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was employing 15 women
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.45,0:08:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was able to generate enough income
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.42,0:08:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she was able to send herself to school,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.15,0:08:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and through these women
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.16,0:08:08.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fund another 65 children to go to school.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.86,0:08:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The profits that she generated,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.56,0:08:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she used that to build a school,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.15,0:08:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and today she educates
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.70,0:08:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,400 children in her community.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.24,0:08:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she's just turned 18.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.13,0:08:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.86,0:08:28.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another example is Erick Rajaonary.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.71,0:08:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Erick comes from the island of Madagascar.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.80,0:08:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Erick realized that agriculture
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.60,0:08:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be the key to creating jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.26,0:08:38.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the rural areas of Madagascar,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.32,0:08:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he also realized that fertilizer was a very
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.26,0:08:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expensive input for most farmers in Madagascar.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.60,0:08:46.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Madagascar has these very special bats
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.62,0:08:48.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that produce these droppings
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.21,0:08:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are very high in nutrients.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.61,0:08:53.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2006, Erick quit his job \Nas a chartered accountant
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.99,0:08:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and started a company to manufacture
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.96,0:08:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fertilizer from the bat droppings.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.14,0:09:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, Erick has built a business
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.44,0:09:04.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that generates several million dollars of revenue,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.28,0:09:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he employs 70 people full time
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.12,0:09:08.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and another 800 people during the season
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.99,0:09:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the bats drop their droppings the most.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.98,0:09:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, what I like about this story
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.54,0:09:18.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it shows that opportunities \Nto create prosperity
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.42,0:09:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be found almost anywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.72,0:09:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Erick is known as the Batman.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.77,0:09:23.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.78,0:09:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And who would have thought that you would have
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.75,0:09:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,been able to build a multimillion-dollar business
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.41,0:09:32.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,employing so many people just from bat poo?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.44,0:09:39.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing that this generation needs to do
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.40,0:09:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to create our institutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.84,0:09:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They need to build these institutions such that we
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.65,0:09:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are never held to ransom again
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.88,0:09:51.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a few individuals like Robert Mugabe.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.33,0:09:54.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, all of this sounds great,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.47,0:09:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but where are we going to\Nget this generation four from?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.50,0:10:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do we just sit and hope that they emerge
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.94,0:10:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by chance, or that God gives them to us?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.70,0:10:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, I don't think so.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.46,0:10:09.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's too important an issue \Nfor us to leave it to chance.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.61,0:10:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that we need to create African institutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.92,0:10:15.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,home-grown, that will identify and develop
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.63,0:10:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these leaders in a systematic, practical way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.38,0:10:21.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been doing this for the last 10 years
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.03,0:10:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the African Leadership Academy.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.58,0:10:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Laetitia is one of our young leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.26,0:10:28.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, we have 700 of them \Nthat are being groomed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.67,0:10:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the African continent,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.72,0:10:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and over the next 50 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.80,0:10:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we expect to create 6,000 of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.79,0:10:37.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But one thing has been troubling me.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.41,0:10:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We would get about 4,000 applications a year
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.50,0:10:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for 100 young leaders that we could take
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.57,0:10:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into this academy,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.88,0:10:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so I saw the tremendous hunger that existed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.94,0:10:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for this leadership training that we're offering.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.84,0:10:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we couldn't satisfy it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.95,0:10:54.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So today, I'm announcing for the first time in public
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.97,0:10:59.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an extension to this vision for\Nthe African Leadership Academy.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.61,0:11:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're building 25 brand new universities in Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.72,0:11:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are going to cultivate this next generation
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.27,0:11:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of African leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.11,0:11:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each campus will have 10,000 leaders at a time
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.98,0:11:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we'll be educating and developing
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.20,0:11:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,250,000 leaders at any given time.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.02,0:11:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.14,0:11:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next 50 years, this institution
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.39,0:11:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will create three million transformative leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.35,0:11:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.38,0:11:32.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My hope is that half of them
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.62,0:11:34.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will become the entrepreneurs that we need,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.17,0:11:35.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who will create these jobs that we need,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.100,0:11:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other half
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.50,0:11:39.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will go into government
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.19,0:11:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the nonprofit sector,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.39,0:11:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they will build the institutions that we need.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.01,0:11:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they won't just learn academics.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.40,0:11:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They will also learn how to become leaders,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.19,0:11:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they will develop their skills as entrepreneurs.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.07,0:11:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So think of this as Africa's Ivy League,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.94,0:11:59.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but instead of getting admitted\Nbecause of your SAT scores
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.22,0:12:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or because of how much money you have
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.10,0:12:02.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or which family you come from,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.30,0:12:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the main criteria for getting into this university
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.22,0:12:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be what is the potential that you have
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.20,0:12:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for transforming Africa?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.46,0:12:13.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what we're doing is \Njust one group of institutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.97,0:12:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot transform Africa by ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.06,0:12:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My hope
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.76,0:12:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that many, many other home-grown
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.90,0:12:25.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African institutions will blossom,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.32,0:12:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these institutions will all come together
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.02,0:12:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a common vision of developing
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.48,0:12:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this next generation of African leaders,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.36,0:12:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generation four,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.30,0:12:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they will teach them this common message:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.76,0:12:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,create jobs, build our institutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.54,0:12:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nelson Mandela once said,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.79,0:12:44.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Every now and then,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.59,0:12:47.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a generation is called upon to be great.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.83,0:12:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can be that great generation."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.04,0:12:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that if we carefully identify and cultivate
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.59,0:12:57.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next generation of African leaders,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.56,0:13:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then this generation four that is coming up
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.34,0:13:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be the greatest generation that Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.77,0:13:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and indeed the entire world has ever seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.18,0:13:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.21,0:13:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)