0:00:01.012,0:00:04.191 Well, I was born with a rare visual condition 0:00:04.191,0:00:07.904 called achromatopsia, which is total color blindness, 0:00:07.904,0:00:09.774 so I've never seen color, 0:00:09.774,0:00:12.297 and I don't know what color looks like, 0:00:12.297,0:00:15.272 because I come from a grayscale world. 0:00:15.272,0:00:17.932 To me, the sky is always gray, 0:00:17.932,0:00:19.784 flowers are always gray, 0:00:19.784,0:00:21.986 and television is still in black and white. 0:00:21.986,0:00:24.279 But, since the age of 21, 0:00:24.279,0:00:28.408 instead of seeing color, I can hear color. 0:00:28.408,0:00:31.384 In 2003, I started a project 0:00:31.384,0:00:34.072 with computer scientist Adam Montandon, 0:00:34.072,0:00:37.239 and the result, with further collaborations 0:00:37.239,0:00:40.087 with Peter Kese from Slovenia 0:00:40.087,0:00:42.120 and Matias Lizana from Barcelona, 0:00:42.120,0:00:44.485 is this electronic eye. 0:00:44.485,0:00:46.841 It's a color sensor that detects 0:00:46.841,0:00:50.424 the color frequency in front of me — (Frequency sounds) — 0:00:50.424,0:00:52.776 and sends this frequency to a chip installed 0:00:52.776,0:00:55.767 at the back of my head, and I hear the color in front of me 0:00:55.767,0:00:58.663 through the bone, through bone conduction. 0:00:58.663,0:01:02.171 (Frequency sounds) So, for example, if I have, like — 0:01:05.724,0:01:08.691 This is the sound of purple. (Frequency sounds) 0:01:08.691,0:01:16.109 For example, this is the sound of grass. (Frequency sounds) 0:01:16.109,0:01:18.234 This is red, like TED. (Frequency sounds) 0:01:18.234,0:01:22.603 This is the sound of a dirty sock. (Laughter) 0:01:22.603,0:01:24.480 Which is like yellow, this one. 0:01:24.480,0:01:28.537 So I've been hearing color all the time for eight years, 0:01:28.537,0:01:31.172 since 2004, so I find it completely normal now 0:01:31.172,0:01:33.651 to hear color all the time. 0:01:33.651,0:01:38.025 At the start, though, I had to memorize the names you give 0:01:38.025,0:01:40.431 for each color, so I had to memorize the notes, 0:01:40.431,0:01:42.367 but after some time, all this information 0:01:42.367,0:01:44.360 became a perception. 0:01:44.360,0:01:46.119 I didn't have to think about the notes. 0:01:46.119,0:01:48.744 And after some time, this perception became a feeling. 0:01:48.744,0:01:50.750 I started to have favorite colors, 0:01:50.750,0:01:52.524 and I started to dream in colors. 0:01:52.524,0:01:56.799 So, when I started to dream in color is when I felt 0:01:56.799,0:01:59.686 that the software and my brain had united, 0:01:59.686,0:02:02.642 because in my dreams, it was my brain creating 0:02:02.642,0:02:05.003 electronic sounds. It wasn't the software, 0:02:05.003,0:02:08.522 so that's when I started to feel like a cyborg. 0:02:08.522,0:02:11.572 It's when I started to feel that the cybernetic device 0:02:11.572,0:02:13.762 was no longer a device. 0:02:13.762,0:02:16.177 It had become a part of my body, 0:02:16.177,0:02:18.642 an extension of my senses, 0:02:18.642,0:02:21.268 and after some time, it even became a part 0:02:21.268,0:02:24.795 of my official image. 0:02:24.795,0:02:27.141 This is my passport from 2004. 0:02:27.141,0:02:30.226 You're not allowed to appear on U.K. passports 0:02:30.226,0:02:33.038 with electronic equipment, but I insisted 0:02:33.038,0:02:35.439 to the passport office that what they were seeing 0:02:35.439,0:02:37.943 was actually a new part of my body, 0:02:37.943,0:02:41.463 an extension of my brain, and they finally accepted me 0:02:41.463,0:02:43.974 to appear with the passport photo. 0:02:43.974,0:02:47.431 So, life has changed dramatically since I hear color, 0:02:47.431,0:02:50.025 because color is almost everywhere, 0:02:50.025,0:02:52.902 so the biggest change for example is 0:02:52.902,0:02:57.440 going to an art gallery, I can listen to a Picasso, 0:02:57.440,0:03:00.294 for example. So it's like I'm going to a concert hall, 0:03:00.294,0:03:02.505 because I can listen to the paintings. 0:03:02.505,0:03:04.966 And supermarkets, I find this is very shocking, 0:03:04.966,0:03:07.916 it's very, very attractive to walk along a supermarket. 0:03:07.916,0:03:09.404 It's like going to a nightclub. 0:03:09.404,0:03:12.660 It's full of different melodies. (Laughter) Yeah. 0:03:12.660,0:03:14.735 Especially the aisle with cleaning products. 0:03:14.735,0:03:18.086 It's just fabulous. (Laughter) 0:03:18.086,0:03:20.558 Also, the way I dress has changed. 0:03:20.558,0:03:22.966 Before, I used to dress in a way that it looked good. 0:03:22.966,0:03:27.543 Now I dress in a way that it sounds good. (Laughter) 0:03:27.543,0:03:32.674 (Applause) 0:03:32.674,0:03:35.183 So today I'm dressed in C major, 0:03:35.183,0:03:38.492 so it's quite a happy chord. (Laughter) 0:03:38.492,0:03:40.366 If I had to go to a funeral, though, 0:03:40.366,0:03:42.933 I would dress in B minor, which would be 0:03:42.933,0:03:51.692 turquoise, purple and orange. (Laughter) 0:03:51.692,0:03:56.037 Also, food, the way I look at food has changed, 0:03:56.037,0:03:59.493 because now I can display the food on a plate, 0:03:59.493,0:04:02.445 so I can eat my favorite song. (Laughter) 0:04:02.445,0:04:03.674 So depending on how I display it, 0:04:03.674,0:04:06.424 I can hear and I can compose music with food. 0:04:06.424,0:04:09.149 So imagine a restaurant where we can have, like, 0:04:09.149,0:04:12.133 Lady Gaga salads as starters. (Laughter) I mean, 0:04:12.133,0:04:15.150 this would get teenagers to eat their vegetables, probably. 0:04:15.150,0:04:18.589 And also, some Rachmaninov piano concertos 0:04:18.589,0:04:21.823 as main dishes, and some Bjork or Madonna desserts, 0:04:21.823,0:04:24.932 that would be a very exciting restaurant 0:04:24.932,0:04:27.692 where you can actually eat songs. 0:04:27.692,0:04:32.142 Also, the way I perceive beauty has changed, 0:04:32.142,0:04:36.822 because when I look at someone, I hear their face, 0:04:36.822,0:04:41.824 so someone might look very beautiful but sound terrible. 0:04:41.824,0:04:43.585 (Laughter) And it might happen the opposite, 0:04:43.585,0:04:45.833 the other way around. So I really enjoy creating, like, 0:04:45.833,0:04:47.562 sound portraits of people. 0:04:47.562,0:04:51.202 Instead of drawing someone's face, like drawing the shape, 0:04:51.202,0:04:53.633 I point at them with the eye and I write down 0:04:53.633,0:04:56.904 the different notes I hear, and then I create sound portraits. 0:04:56.904,0:04:58.641 Here's some faces. 0:04:58.641,0:05:13.168 (Musical chords) 0:05:13.168,0:05:16.601 Yeah, Nicole Kidman sounds good. (Laughter) 0:05:16.601,0:05:19.650 Some people, I would never relate, but they sound similar. 0:05:19.650,0:05:22.448 Prince Charles has some similarities with Nicole Kidman. 0:05:22.448,0:05:24.585 They have similar sound of eyes. 0:05:24.585,0:05:26.633 So you relate people that you wouldn't relate, 0:05:26.633,0:05:30.146 and you can actually also create concerts 0:05:30.146,0:05:32.786 by looking at the audience faces. 0:05:32.786,0:05:35.882 So I connect the eye, and then I play the audience's faces. 0:05:35.882,0:05:37.386 The good thing about this is, 0:05:37.386,0:05:40.353 if the concert doesn't sound good, it's their fault. 0:05:40.353,0:05:42.624 It's not my fault, because — (Laughter) 0:05:42.624,0:05:46.931 And so another thing that happens is that 0:05:46.931,0:05:49.808 I started having this secondary effect 0:05:49.808,0:05:53.138 that normal sounds started to become color. 0:05:53.138,0:05:56.899 I heard a telephone tone, and it felt green 0:05:56.899,0:05:59.225 because it sounded just like the color green. 0:05:59.225,0:06:02.523 The BBC beeps, they sound turquoise, 0:06:02.523,0:06:05.650 and listening to Mozart became a yellow experience, 0:06:05.650,0:06:10.410 so I started to paint music and paint people's voices, 0:06:10.410,0:06:12.353 because people's voices have frequencies 0:06:12.353,0:06:13.896 that I relate to color. 0:06:13.896,0:06:19.015 And here's some music translated into color. 0:06:19.015,0:06:24.215 For example, Mozart, "Queen of the Night," looks like this. 0:06:24.215,0:06:26.027 (Music) Very yellow and very colorful, 0:06:26.027,0:06:28.217 because there's many different frequencies. 0:06:28.217,0:06:31.127 (Music) 0:06:32.143,0:06:34.457 And this is a completely different song. 0:06:34.457,0:06:38.388 (Music) It's Justin Bieber's "Baby." (Laughter) 0:06:38.388,0:06:40.119 (Music) 0:06:40.119,0:06:43.689 It is very pink and very yellow. 0:06:43.689,0:06:50.856 So, also voices, I can transform speeches into color, 0:06:50.856,0:06:54.400 for example, these are two very well-known speeches. 0:06:54.400,0:06:58.137 One of them is Martin Luther King's "I Have A Dream," 0:06:58.137,0:06:59.589 and the other one is Hitler. 0:06:59.589,0:07:03.065 And I like to exhibit these paintings in the exhibition halls 0:07:03.065,0:07:05.641 without labels, and then I ask people, 0:07:05.641,0:07:07.488 "Which one do you prefer?" 0:07:07.488,0:07:09.753 And most people change their preference 0:07:09.753,0:07:12.664 when I tell them that the one on the left is Hitler 0:07:12.664,0:07:15.784 and the one on the right is Martin Luther King. 0:07:15.784,0:07:21.523 So I got to a point when I was able to perceive 360 colors, 0:07:21.523,0:07:23.108 just like human vision. 0:07:23.108,0:07:26.703 I was able to differentiate all the degrees of the color wheel. 0:07:26.703,0:07:28.785 But then, I just thought that 0:07:28.785,0:07:32.024 this human vision wasn't good enough. 0:07:32.024,0:07:34.235 There's many, many more colors around us 0:07:34.235,0:07:36.072 that we cannot perceive, 0:07:36.072,0:07:37.828 but that electronic eyes can perceive. 0:07:37.828,0:07:41.557 So I decided to continue extending my color senses, 0:07:41.557,0:07:45.807 and I added infrared and I added ultraviolet 0:07:45.807,0:07:49.165 to the color-to-sound scale, so now I can hear colors 0:07:49.165,0:07:51.389 that the human eye cannot perceive. 0:07:51.389,0:07:54.836 For example, perceiving infrared is good because you can 0:07:54.836,0:07:58.904 actually detect if there's movement detectors in a room. 0:07:58.904,0:08:02.357 I can hear if someone points at me with a remote control. 0:08:02.357,0:08:05.507 And the good thing about perceiving ultraviolet is that 0:08:05.507,0:08:10.472 you can hear if it's a good day or a bad day to sunbathe, 0:08:10.472,0:08:12.629 because ultraviolet is a dangerous color, 0:08:12.629,0:08:16.613 a color that can actually kill us, so I think we should all have this wish 0:08:16.613,0:08:19.574 to perceive things that we cannot perceive. 0:08:19.574,0:08:21.309 That's why, two years ago, 0:08:21.309,0:08:22.990 I created the Cyborg Foundation, 0:08:22.990,0:08:25.432 which is a foundation that tries to help people 0:08:25.432,0:08:28.129 become a cyborg, tries to encourage people 0:08:28.129,0:08:29.506 to extend their senses 0:08:29.506,0:08:32.577 by using technology as part of the body. 0:08:32.577,0:08:36.480 We should all think that knowledge comes from our senses, 0:08:36.480,0:08:38.456 so if we extend our senses, 0:08:38.456,0:08:41.544 we will consequently extend our knowledge. 0:08:41.544,0:08:44.337 I think life will be much more exciting 0:08:44.337,0:08:47.561 when we stop creating applications for mobile phones 0:08:47.561,0:08:50.962 and we start creating applications for our own body. 0:08:50.962,0:08:52.778 I think this will be a big, big change 0:08:52.778,0:08:54.856 that we will see during this century. 0:08:54.856,0:08:58.771 So I do encourage you all to think about which senses 0:08:58.771,0:09:00.190 you'd like to extend. 0:09:00.190,0:09:03.363 I would encourage you to become a cyborg. 0:09:03.363,0:09:08.011 You won't be alone. Thank you. (Applause) 0:09:08.011,0:09:14.531 (Applause)