(English captions by Andrea Matsumoto from the University of Michigan)

From the posterior view we can further assess
the combined adduction and external rotation

with Appley Scratch Test of External Rotation.

Have the patient reach overhead and down the
spine.

Most patients can reach past C7.

Combine adduction and internal rotation with
the Appley Scratch Test of Internal Rotation.

Have the patient reach behind the back and
up the spine.

Most patients reach to T7 or the lower border
of the scapula.