WEBVTT 00:00:00.508 --> 00:00:01.540 In the ocean, 00:00:01.540 --> 00:00:03.380 what is the common point 00:00:03.380 --> 00:00:09.148 between oil, plastic and radioactivity? NOTE Paragraph 00:00:09.148 --> 00:00:14.365 On the top line, this is the BP oil spill: 00:00:14.365 --> 00:00:16.388 billions of barrels of oil gushing 00:00:16.388 --> 00:00:17.757 in the Gulf of Mexico. 00:00:17.757 --> 00:00:19.932 The middle line is millions of tons of 00:00:19.932 --> 00:00:22.336 plastic debris accumulating in our ocean, 00:00:22.336 --> 00:00:25.056 and the third line is radioactive material 00:00:25.056 --> 00:00:27.352 leaking from Fukushima nuclear power plant 00:00:27.352 --> 00:00:28.690 in the Pacific Ocean. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:28.690 --> 00:00:33.273 Well, the three big problems have in common 00:00:33.273 --> 00:00:36.088 that they are man-made problems 00:00:36.088 --> 00:00:38.144 but they are controlled by natural forces. 00:00:38.144 --> 00:00:42.552 This should make us feel very, terribly awful 00:00:42.552 --> 00:00:44.879 as much as it should make us feel hopeful, 00:00:44.879 --> 00:00:47.688 because if we have the power to create these problems, 00:00:47.688 --> 00:00:49.368 we may as well have the power 00:00:49.368 --> 00:00:50.800 to remediate these problems. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:50.800 --> 00:00:52.744 But what about natural forces? 00:00:52.744 --> 00:00:55.727 Well, that's exactly what I want to talk about today, 00:00:55.727 --> 00:00:58.032 is how we can use these natural forces 00:00:58.032 --> 00:01:03.255 to remediate these man-made problems. 00:01:03.255 --> 00:01:04.481 When the BP oil spill happened, NOTE Paragraph 00:01:04.481 --> 00:01:07.246 I was working at MIT, and I was in charge 00:01:07.246 --> 00:01:09.643 of developing an oil spill-cleaning technology. 00:01:09.643 --> 00:01:13.056 And I had a chance to go in the Gulf of Mexico 00:01:13.056 --> 00:01:15.393 and meet some fishermen and see 00:01:15.393 --> 00:01:17.184 the terrible conditions in which they were working. 00:01:17.184 --> 00:01:20.265 More than 700 of these boats, 00:01:20.265 --> 00:01:22.572 which are fishermen boats repurposed 00:01:22.572 --> 00:01:25.033 with oil absorbent in white 00:01:25.033 --> 00:01:27.428 and oil containment in orange, were used, 00:01:27.428 --> 00:01:30.687 but they only collected three percent of the oil on the surface, 00:01:30.687 --> 00:01:32.399 and the health of the cleaners 00:01:32.399 --> 00:01:34.312 were very deeply affected. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:34.312 --> 00:01:38.306 I was working on a very interesting technology 00:01:38.306 --> 00:01:40.615 at MIT, but it was a very long-term view 00:01:40.615 --> 00:01:42.049 of how to develop technology, 00:01:42.049 --> 00:01:44.567 and it was going to be a very expensive technology, 00:01:44.567 --> 00:01:47.015 and also it would be patented. 00:01:47.015 --> 00:01:49.647 So I wanted to develop something that we could 00:01:49.647 --> 00:01:53.047 develop very fast, that would be cheap, 00:01:53.047 --> 00:01:55.487 and that would be open-source, so, because 00:01:55.487 --> 00:01:57.655 oil spills are not only happening in the Gulf of Mexico, 00:01:57.655 --> 00:02:00.271 and that would be using renewable energy. 00:02:00.271 --> 00:02:02.671 So I quit my dream job, 00:02:02.671 --> 00:02:04.287 and I moved to New Orleans, 00:02:04.287 --> 00:02:07.231 and I kept on studying how the oil spill was happening. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:07.231 --> 00:02:09.303 Currently, what they were doing is 00:02:09.303 --> 00:02:10.949 that they were using these small fishing boats, 00:02:10.949 --> 00:02:14.109 and they were cleaning clean lines in an ocean of dirt. 00:02:14.109 --> 00:02:17.822 If you're using the exact same amount of surface 00:02:17.822 --> 00:02:19.975 of oil absorbent, but you're just paying attention 00:02:19.975 --> 00:02:22.308 to natural patterns, and if you're going up the winds, 00:02:22.308 --> 00:02:24.076 you can collect a lot more material. 00:02:24.076 --> 00:02:26.197 If you're multiplying the rig, 00:02:26.197 --> 00:02:28.772 so you multiply how many layers of absorbent 00:02:28.772 --> 00:02:30.674 you're using, you can collect a lot more. 00:02:30.674 --> 00:02:33.275 But it's extremely difficult to move oil absorbent 00:02:33.275 --> 00:02:36.907 against the winds, the surface currents and the waves. 00:02:36.907 --> 00:02:38.371 These are enormous forces. 00:02:38.371 --> 00:02:41.394 So the very simple idea was to use the ancient technique 00:02:41.394 --> 00:02:43.647 of sailing and tacking of the wind 00:02:43.647 --> 00:02:46.265 to capture or intercept the oil 00:02:46.265 --> 00:02:47.607 that is drifting down the wind. 00:02:47.607 --> 00:02:51.104 So this didn't require any invention. 00:02:51.104 --> 00:02:52.807 We just took a simple sailing boat 00:02:52.807 --> 00:02:54.704 and we tried to pull something long and heavy, 00:02:54.704 --> 00:02:57.016 but as we tacked back and forth, 00:02:57.016 --> 00:02:58.687 what we lost was two things: 00:02:58.687 --> 00:03:02.064 we were losing pulling power and direction. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:02.064 --> 00:03:05.896 And so, I thought, what about if we just take the rudder 00:03:05.896 --> 00:03:07.408 from the back of the boat to the front, 00:03:07.408 --> 00:03:09.151 would we have better control? 00:03:09.151 --> 00:03:11.367 So I built this small sailing robot 00:03:11.367 --> 00:03:12.615 with the rudder at the front, 00:03:12.615 --> 00:03:15.080 and I was trying to pull something very long and heavy, 00:03:15.080 --> 00:03:18.287 so that's a four-meter-long object just to pull, 00:03:18.287 --> 00:03:21.199 and I was surprised with just a 14-centimeter rudder, 00:03:21.199 --> 00:03:23.551 I could control four meters of absorbent. 00:03:23.551 --> 00:03:27.367 Then I was so happy that I kept playing with the robot, 00:03:27.367 --> 00:03:29.831 and so you see the robot has 00:03:29.831 --> 00:03:31.503 a front rudder here. 00:03:31.503 --> 00:03:32.719 Normally it's at the back. 00:03:32.719 --> 00:03:36.334 And, playing, I realized that the maneuverability 00:03:36.334 --> 00:03:37.614 of this was really amazing, 00:03:37.614 --> 00:03:39.542 and I could avoid an obstacle at the very last second, 00:03:39.542 --> 00:03:41.214 more maneuverable than a normal boat. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:41.214 --> 00:03:44.078 Then I started publishing online, and 00:03:44.078 --> 00:03:46.990 some friends from Korea, they started being 00:03:46.990 --> 00:03:48.719 interested in this, and we made a boat 00:03:48.719 --> 00:03:50.527 which has a front rudder and a back rudder, 00:03:50.527 --> 00:03:52.585 so we started interacting with this, 00:03:52.585 --> 00:03:54.704 and it was slightly better, 00:03:54.704 --> 00:03:56.628 although it was very small and a bit off balance, 00:03:56.628 --> 00:03:57.708 but then we thought, 00:03:57.708 --> 00:03:59.596 what if we have more than two points of control? 00:03:59.596 --> 00:04:01.588 What if the entire boat becomes a point of control? 00:04:01.588 --> 00:04:03.708 What if the entire boat changes shape? NOTE Paragraph 00:04:03.708 --> 00:04:06.148 So — (Applause) NOTE Paragraph 00:04:06.148 --> 00:04:08.044 Thank you very much. (Applause) NOTE Paragraph 00:04:08.044 --> 00:04:10.629 And so that's the beginning of Protei, 00:04:10.629 --> 00:04:12.268 and that's the first boat in history 00:04:12.268 --> 00:04:13.892 that completely changed the shape of the hull 00:04:13.892 --> 00:04:15.062 in order to control it, 00:04:15.062 --> 00:04:17.948 and the properties of sailing that we get 00:04:17.948 --> 00:04:20.846 are very superior compared to a normal boat. 00:04:20.846 --> 00:04:23.500 When we're turning, we have the feeling of surfing, 00:04:23.500 --> 00:04:27.616 and the way it's going up-wind, it's very efficient. 00:04:27.616 --> 00:04:30.316 This is low speed, low wind speed, 00:04:30.316 --> 00:04:32.389 and the maneuverability is very increased, 00:04:32.389 --> 00:04:34.700 and here I'm going to do a small jibe, 00:04:34.700 --> 00:04:36.796 and look at the position of the sail. 00:04:36.796 --> 00:04:40.396 What's happening is that, because the boat changes shape, 00:04:40.396 --> 00:04:42.736 the position of the front sail and the main sail 00:04:42.736 --> 00:04:43.913 are different to the wind. 00:04:43.913 --> 00:04:45.796 We're catching wind from both sides. 00:04:45.796 --> 00:04:48.055 And this is exactly what we're looking [for] 00:04:48.055 --> 00:04:49.839 if we want to pull something long and heavy. 00:04:49.839 --> 00:04:52.228 We don't want to lose pulling power, nor direction. 00:04:52.228 --> 00:04:55.068 So, I wanted to know if this was possible 00:04:55.068 --> 00:04:56.539 to put this at an industrial level, 00:04:56.539 --> 00:04:59.051 so we made a large boat with a large sail, 00:04:59.051 --> 00:05:01.747 and with a very light hull, inflatable, 00:05:01.747 --> 00:05:03.252 very small footprint, 00:05:03.252 --> 00:05:06.076 so we have a very big size and power ratio. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:06.076 --> 00:05:09.307 After this, we wanted to see if we could 00:05:09.307 --> 00:05:11.604 implement this and automate the system, 00:05:11.604 --> 00:05:13.276 so we used the same system but we added 00:05:13.276 --> 00:05:15.646 a structure to it so we could activate the machine. 00:05:15.646 --> 00:05:18.860 So, we used the same bladder-inflated system, 00:05:18.860 --> 00:05:20.844 and we took it for testing. 00:05:20.844 --> 00:05:23.155 So this is happening in the Netherlands. 00:05:23.155 --> 00:05:25.686 We tried in the water without any skin or ballast 00:05:25.686 --> 00:05:28.257 just to see how it works. 00:05:28.257 --> 00:05:30.942 And then we mounted a camera for controlling it, 00:05:30.942 --> 00:05:33.844 but quickly we saw that we would need 00:05:33.844 --> 00:05:35.993 a lot more weight at the bottom, 00:05:35.993 --> 00:05:37.530 so we had to take it back to the lab, 00:05:37.530 --> 00:05:39.618 and then we built a skin around it, 00:05:39.618 --> 00:05:42.905 we put batteries, remote controllers, and then 00:05:42.905 --> 00:05:44.353 we put it in the water and then we 00:05:44.353 --> 00:05:47.514 let it go in the water and see how well it would work, 00:05:47.514 --> 00:05:50.938 so let some rope out, and hope it's going to work, 00:05:50.938 --> 00:05:54.161 and it worked okay, but we still have a long way. 00:05:54.161 --> 00:05:56.597 Our small prototype has given us good insight 00:05:56.597 --> 00:05:57.943 that it's working very well, 00:05:57.943 --> 00:06:00.628 but we still need to work a lot more on this. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:00.628 --> 00:06:04.497 So what we are doing is an accelerated evolution 00:06:04.497 --> 00:06:05.945 of sailing technology. 00:06:05.945 --> 00:06:07.872 We went from a back rudder to a front rudder 00:06:07.872 --> 00:06:09.883 to two rudders to multiple rudders 00:06:09.883 --> 00:06:11.554 to the whole boat changing shape, 00:06:11.554 --> 00:06:13.410 and the more we are moving forward, 00:06:13.410 --> 00:06:19.457 and the more the design looks simple and cute. (Laughter) NOTE Paragraph 00:06:19.457 --> 00:06:21.834 But I wanted to show you a fish because -- 00:06:21.834 --> 00:06:24.904 In fact, it's very different from a fish. 00:06:24.904 --> 00:06:29.304 A fish will move because -- by changing like this, 00:06:29.304 --> 00:06:32.403 but our boat is propelled by the wind still, 00:06:32.403 --> 00:06:34.810 and the hull controls the trajectory. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:34.810 --> 00:06:38.464 So I brought to you for the first time on the TED stage 00:06:38.464 --> 00:06:40.849 Protei Number Eight. It's not the last one, 00:06:40.849 --> 00:06:43.098 but it's a good one for making demos. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:43.098 --> 00:06:45.374 So the first thing as I show you in the video is 00:06:45.374 --> 00:06:49.361 that we may be able to control the trajectory 00:06:49.361 --> 00:06:50.825 of a sailing boat better, 00:06:50.825 --> 00:06:53.886 or we may be able to never be in irons, 00:06:53.886 --> 00:06:55.186 so never facing the wind, 00:06:55.186 --> 00:06:57.301 we always can catch the wind from both sides. 00:06:57.301 --> 00:06:59.861 But new properties of a sailing boat. 00:06:59.861 --> 00:07:04.117 So if you're looking at the boat from this side, 00:07:04.117 --> 00:07:06.325 this might remind you of an airplane profile. 00:07:06.325 --> 00:07:08.738 An airplane, when you're moving in this direction, 00:07:08.738 --> 00:07:11.003 starts to lift, and that's how it takes off. 00:07:11.003 --> 00:07:13.178 Now, if you're taking the same system, 00:07:13.178 --> 00:07:15.546 and you're putting vertical, you're bending, 00:07:15.546 --> 00:07:17.546 and if you're moving this way forward, 00:07:17.546 --> 00:07:20.673 your instinct will tell you that you might go this way, 00:07:20.673 --> 00:07:22.480 but if you're moving fast enough, 00:07:22.480 --> 00:07:24.499 you might create what we call lateral lift, 00:07:24.499 --> 00:07:27.424 so we could get further or closer to the wind. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:27.424 --> 00:07:30.368 Other property is this: 00:07:30.368 --> 00:07:33.529 A normal sailing boat has a centerboard here 00:07:33.529 --> 00:07:35.521 and a rudder at the back, 00:07:35.521 --> 00:07:38.071 and these two things are what creates most 00:07:38.071 --> 00:07:40.725 resistance and turbulence behind the boat, 00:07:40.725 --> 00:07:42.996 but because this doesn't have either 00:07:42.996 --> 00:07:44.532 a centerboard or a rudder, 00:07:44.532 --> 00:07:47.404 we hope that if we keep working on this hull design 00:07:47.404 --> 00:07:49.596 we can improve and have less resistance. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:49.596 --> 00:07:52.251 The other thing is, most boats, when they reach 00:07:52.251 --> 00:07:54.475 a certain speed, and they are going on waves, 00:07:54.475 --> 00:07:56.914 they start to hit and slap on the surface of the water, 00:07:56.914 --> 00:08:00.211 and a lot of the energy moving forward is lost. 00:08:00.211 --> 00:08:02.299 But if we're going with the flow, 00:08:02.299 --> 00:08:04.435 if we pay attention to natural patterns 00:08:04.435 --> 00:08:06.046 instead of trying to be strong, 00:08:06.046 --> 00:08:08.445 but if you're going with the flow, we may absorb 00:08:08.445 --> 00:08:11.642 a lot of environmental noises, so the wave energy, 00:08:11.642 --> 00:08:14.799 to actually save some energy to move forward. NOTE Paragraph 00:08:14.799 --> 00:08:18.950 So we may have developed the technology 00:08:18.950 --> 00:08:21.617 which is very efficient for pulling something long and heavy, 00:08:21.617 --> 00:08:25.834 but the idea is, what is the purpose of technology 00:08:25.834 --> 00:08:27.780 if it doesn't reach the right hands? NOTE Paragraph 00:08:27.780 --> 00:08:30.726 Normal technology or innovation happens like this: 00:08:30.726 --> 00:08:33.156 Somebody has an interesting idea, 00:08:33.156 --> 00:08:35.118 some other scientist or engineer, 00:08:35.118 --> 00:08:37.622 they take it to the next level, they make a theory about it 00:08:37.622 --> 00:08:38.878 and maybe they patent it, 00:08:38.878 --> 00:08:41.414 and then some industry will make a contract 00:08:41.414 --> 00:08:44.558 of exclusivity to manufacture and sell it, 00:08:44.558 --> 00:08:46.654 and then, eventually, a buyer will buy it, 00:08:46.654 --> 00:08:49.422 and we hope that they are going to use [it] for a good purpose. 00:08:49.422 --> 00:08:53.118 What we really want is that this innovation happens 00:08:53.118 --> 00:08:55.454 continuously. The inventor and engineers 00:08:55.454 --> 00:08:57.190 and also the manufacturers and everybody 00:08:57.190 --> 00:08:59.574 works at the same time, but this would be sterile 00:08:59.574 --> 00:09:03.206 if this was happening in a parallel and uncrossed process. 00:09:03.206 --> 00:09:05.246 What you really want is not a sequential, 00:09:05.246 --> 00:09:06.638 not parallel development. 00:09:06.638 --> 00:09:08.247 You want to have a network of innovation. 00:09:08.247 --> 00:09:10.326 You want everybody, like we're doing now, 00:09:10.326 --> 00:09:13.495 to work at the same time, and that can only happen 00:09:13.495 --> 00:09:16.886 if these people all together decide to share the information, 00:09:16.886 --> 00:09:19.826 and that's exactly what open hardware is about. 00:09:19.826 --> 00:09:23.495 It's to replace competition by collaboration. 00:09:23.495 --> 00:09:27.646 It's to transform any new product into a new market. 00:09:27.646 --> 00:09:30.087 So what is open hardware? 00:09:30.087 --> 00:09:31.870 Essentially, open hardware is a license. 00:09:31.870 --> 00:09:33.942 It's just an intellectual property setup. 00:09:33.942 --> 00:09:36.966 It means that everybody is free to use, 00:09:36.966 --> 00:09:40.119 modify and distribute, and in exchange 00:09:40.119 --> 00:09:41.397 we only ask for two things: 00:09:41.397 --> 00:09:43.492 The name is credited -- the name of the project -- 00:09:43.492 --> 00:09:46.228 and also the people who make improvement, 00:09:46.228 --> 00:09:47.556 they share back with the community. 00:09:47.556 --> 00:09:48.892 So it's a very simple condition. NOTE Paragraph 00:09:48.892 --> 00:09:52.916 And I started this project alone in a garage in New Orleans, 00:09:52.916 --> 00:09:55.092 but quickly after I wanted to publish and share 00:09:55.092 --> 00:09:56.836 this information, so I made a Kickstarter, 00:09:56.836 --> 00:09:59.076 which is a crowd-fundraising platform, 00:09:59.076 --> 00:10:01.508 and in about one month we fundraised 30,000 dollars. 00:10:01.508 --> 00:10:04.820 With this money, I hired a team of young engineers 00:10:04.820 --> 00:10:07.348 from all over the world, and we rented a factory 00:10:07.348 --> 00:10:08.868 in Rotterdam in the Netherlands. 00:10:08.868 --> 00:10:12.029 We were peer-learning, we were engineering, 00:10:12.029 --> 00:10:15.212 we were making things, prototyping, 00:10:15.212 --> 00:10:17.437 but most importantly we were trying our prototypes 00:10:17.437 --> 00:10:19.132 in the water as often as possible, 00:10:19.132 --> 00:10:22.284 to fail as quickly as possible, to learn from. 00:10:22.284 --> 00:10:24.796 This is a proud member of Protei from Korea, 00:10:24.796 --> 00:10:27.256 and on the right side, this is a multiple-masts 00:10:27.256 --> 00:10:29.189 design proposed by a team in Mexico. 00:10:29.189 --> 00:10:32.374 This idea really appealed to Gabriella Levine 00:10:32.374 --> 00:10:34.969 in New York, and so she decided to prototype 00:10:34.969 --> 00:10:37.499 this idea that she saw, and she documented 00:10:37.499 --> 00:10:38.928 every step of the process, 00:10:38.928 --> 00:10:41.177 and she published it on Instructables, 00:10:41.177 --> 00:10:43.409 which is a website for sharing inventions. 00:10:43.409 --> 00:10:45.304 Less than one week after, 00:10:45.304 --> 00:10:49.314 this is a team in Eindhoven, it's a school of engineering. 00:10:49.314 --> 00:10:51.644 They made it, but they eventually published 00:10:51.644 --> 00:10:52.768 a simplified design. 00:10:52.768 --> 00:10:54.697 They also made it into an Instructable, 00:10:54.697 --> 00:10:56.432 and in less than one week, they had 00:10:56.432 --> 00:10:59.192 almost 10,000 views, and they got many new friends. 00:10:59.192 --> 00:11:02.096 We're working on also simpler technology, 00:11:02.096 --> 00:11:04.047 not that complex, with younger people 00:11:04.047 --> 00:11:05.616 and also older people, 00:11:05.616 --> 00:11:08.767 like this dinosaur is from Mexico. (Laughter) NOTE Paragraph 00:11:08.767 --> 00:11:11.584 So Protei is now an international network 00:11:11.584 --> 00:11:14.432 of innovation for selling technology 00:11:14.432 --> 00:11:16.224 using this shape-shifting hull. 00:11:16.224 --> 00:11:20.259 And what puts us together is that we have a common, 00:11:20.259 --> 00:11:23.048 at least, global understanding 00:11:23.048 --> 00:11:26.120 of what the word "business" is, or what it should be. 00:11:26.120 --> 00:11:28.353 This is how most work today. 00:11:28.353 --> 00:11:30.727 Business as usual is saying, what's most important 00:11:30.727 --> 00:11:32.966 is to make lots of profit, and you'll be using 00:11:32.966 --> 00:11:35.791 technology for that, and people will be your work force, 00:11:35.791 --> 00:11:37.039 instrumentalized, 00:11:37.039 --> 00:11:39.711 and environment is usually the last priority. 00:11:39.711 --> 00:11:43.589 It will be just a way to, say, greenwash your audience 00:11:43.589 --> 00:11:45.820 and, say, increase your price tag. NOTE Paragraph 00:11:45.820 --> 00:11:48.349 What we're trying to do, or what we believe, 00:11:48.349 --> 00:11:50.765 because this is how we believe the world really works, 00:11:50.765 --> 00:11:52.935 is that without the environment you have nothing. 00:11:52.935 --> 00:11:55.820 We have the people so we need to protect each other, yes, 00:11:55.820 --> 00:11:57.484 and we're a technology company, 00:11:57.484 --> 00:12:02.669 and profit is necessary to make this happen. (Applause) NOTE Paragraph 00:12:02.669 --> 00:12:06.274 Thank you very much. (Applause) NOTE Paragraph 00:12:06.274 --> 00:12:10.355 If we have the courage to understand or accept 00:12:10.355 --> 00:12:12.275 that this actually how the world really works, 00:12:12.275 --> 00:12:15.292 and this is the order of priority that we need to choose, 00:12:15.292 --> 00:12:17.433 then it makes obvious why we need 00:12:17.433 --> 00:12:19.772 to choose open hardware for developing environmental 00:12:19.772 --> 00:12:21.652 technology, because we need to share information. NOTE Paragraph 00:12:21.652 --> 00:12:23.732 What's next for us? NOTE Paragraph 00:12:23.732 --> 00:12:26.267 So, this small machine that you've seen, 00:12:26.267 --> 00:12:28.411 we're hoping to make small toys like 00:12:28.411 --> 00:12:31.904 one-meter remote control Protei that you can upgrade -- 00:12:31.904 --> 00:12:34.890 so replace the remote control parts by Androids, 00:12:34.890 --> 00:12:38.669 so the mobile phone, and Arduino micro-controller, 00:12:38.669 --> 00:12:39.892 so you could be controlling this 00:12:39.892 --> 00:12:41.380 from your mobile phone, your tablet. 00:12:41.380 --> 00:12:44.946 Then what we want to do is create six-meter versions 00:12:44.946 --> 00:12:47.274 so we can test the maximum performance of these machines, 00:12:47.274 --> 00:12:48.838 so we can go at very, very high speed. 00:12:48.838 --> 00:12:50.101 So imagine yourself. 00:12:50.101 --> 00:12:53.286 You are laying down in a flexible torpedo, 00:12:53.286 --> 00:12:54.780 sailing at high speed, 00:12:54.780 --> 00:12:56.625 controlling the shape of the hull with your legs 00:12:56.625 --> 00:12:59.287 and controlling the sail with your arms. 00:12:59.287 --> 00:13:03.612 So that's what we're looking for developing. (Applause) NOTE Paragraph 00:13:03.612 --> 00:13:05.826 And we replace the human being -- 00:13:05.826 --> 00:13:07.970 to go, for example, for measuring radioactivity, 00:13:07.970 --> 00:13:10.149 you don't want a human to be sailing those robots -- 00:13:10.149 --> 00:13:13.484 with batteries, motors, micro-controllers and sensors. 00:13:13.484 --> 00:13:17.418 This is what our teammates, we dream of at night. 00:13:17.418 --> 00:13:20.070 We hope that we can sometime clean up oil spills, 00:13:20.070 --> 00:13:24.047 or we can gather or collect plastic in the ocean, 00:13:24.047 --> 00:13:27.481 or we can have swarms of our machines 00:13:27.481 --> 00:13:30.663 controlled by multi-player video game engines 00:13:30.663 --> 00:13:32.614 to control many of these machines, 00:13:32.614 --> 00:13:34.365 to monitor coral reefs 00:13:34.365 --> 00:13:36.504 or to monitor fisheries. NOTE Paragraph 00:13:36.504 --> 00:13:40.994 Our hope is that we can use open hardware technology 00:13:40.994 --> 00:13:44.525 to better understand and protect our oceans. NOTE Paragraph 00:13:44.525 --> 00:13:48.237 Thank you very much. (Applause) 00:13:48.237 --> 00:14:07.499 (Applause)