[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.76,0:00:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,G'day, my name's Kevin.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.92,0:00:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm from Australia. I'm here to help.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.62,0:00:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.15,0:00:12.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tonight, I want to talk about\Na tale of two cities.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.81,0:00:18.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of those cities is called Washington,\Nand the other is called Beijing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.25,0:00:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because how these two capitals\Nshape their future
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.28,0:00:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the future of the United States\Nand the future of China
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.49,0:00:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't just affect those two countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.58,0:00:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it affects all of us
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.90,0:00:34.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in ways, perhaps, we've never thought of:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.78,0:00:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the air we breathe, the water we drink,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.14,0:00:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fish we eat,\Nthe quality of our oceans,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.28,0:00:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the languages we speak in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.95,0:00:48.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the jobs we have,\Nthe political systems we choose,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.87,0:00:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, of course, the great questions\Nof war and peace.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.02,0:00:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see that bloke? He's French.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.28,0:00:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His name is Napoleon.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.11,0:01:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A couple of hundred years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.64,0:01:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he made this extraordinary projection:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.08,0:01:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"China is a sleeping lion,\Nand when she awakes,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.71,0:01:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world will shake."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.91,0:01:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Napoleon got a few things wrong;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.10,0:01:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he got this one absolutely right.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.79,0:01:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because China is today\Nnot just woken up,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.06,0:01:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China has stood up\Nand China is on the march,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.52,0:01:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the question for us all
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.54,0:01:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is where will China go
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.52,0:01:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how do we engage\Nthis giant of the 21st century?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.00,0:01:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You start looking at the numbers,\Nthey start to confront you in a big way.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.38,0:01:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's projected that China will become,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.49,0:01:41.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by whichever measure --\NPPP, market exchange rates --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.91,0:01:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the largest economy in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.83,0:01:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the course of the decade ahead.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.04,0:01:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're already\Nthe largest trading nation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.19,0:01:50.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already the largest exporting nation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.34,0:01:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already the largest manufacturing nation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.49,0:01:56.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're also the biggest\Nemitters of carbon in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.86,0:01:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America comes second.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.34,0:02:04.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if China does become\Nthe world's largest economy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.87,0:02:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about this:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.50,0:02:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It'll be the first time
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.51,0:02:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since this guy was on\Nthe throne of England --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.18,0:02:17.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,George III, not a good friend\Nof Napoleon's --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.66,0:02:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in the world we will have\Nas the largest economy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.10,0:02:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a non-English speaking country,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.49,0:02:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a non-Western country,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.69,0:02:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a non-liberal democratic country.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.02,0:02:32.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you don't think\Nthat's going to affect
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.31,0:02:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way in which the world\Nhappens in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.08,0:02:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then personally, I think\Nyou've been smoking something,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.30,0:02:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it doesn't mean you're from Colorado.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.92,0:02:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in short, the question\Nwe have tonight is,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.71,0:02:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do we understand this mega-change,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.71,0:02:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I believe to be the biggest change\Nfor the first half of the 21st century?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.49,0:02:56.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It'll affect so many things.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.42,0:02:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It will go to the absolute core.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.16,0:03:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's happening quietly.\NIt's happening persistently.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.80,0:03:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's happening in some senses\Nunder the radar,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.36,0:03:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we are all preoccupied with
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.10,0:03:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's going in Ukraine,\Nwhat's going on in the Middle East,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.93,0:03:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's going on with ISIS,\Nwhat's going on with ISIL,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.44,0:03:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's happening with\Nthe future of our economies.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.41,0:03:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a slow and quiet revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.68,0:03:23.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And with a mega-change\Ncomes also a mega-challenge,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.37,0:03:25.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the mega-challenge is this:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.04,0:03:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can these two great countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.30,0:03:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China and the United States --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.90,0:03:34.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.72,0:03:37.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Middle Kingdom,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.37,0:03:39.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.34,0:03:45.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Měiguó --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.55,0:03:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which in Chinese, by the way,\Nmeans "the beautiful country."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.89,0:03:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about that -- that's the name\Nthat China has given this country
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.51,0:03:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for more than a hundred years.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.25,0:03:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whether these two great civilizations,\Nthese two great countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.85,0:04:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can in fact carve out a common future
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.06,0:04:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for themselves and for the world?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.63,0:04:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In short, can we carve out a future
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.60,0:04:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is peaceful and mutually prosperous,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.04,0:04:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or are we looking at a great challenge
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.95,0:04:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of war or peace?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.32,0:04:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I have 15 minutes\Nto work through war or peace,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.94,0:04:21.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a little less time
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.49,0:04:26.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than they gave this guy to write a book\Ncalled "War and Peace."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.49,0:04:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People ask me, why is it that a kid\Ngrowing up in rural Australia
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.66,0:04:32.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got interested in learning Chinese?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.45,0:04:34.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, there are two reasons for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.31,0:04:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the first of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.94,0:04:37.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's Betsy the cow.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.96,0:04:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Betsy the cow was one\Nof a herd of dairy cattle
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.88,0:04:45.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I grew up with on a farm\Nin rural Australia.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.05,0:04:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See those hands there?\NThese are not built for farming.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.54,0:04:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So very early on, I discovered\Nthat in fact, working in a farm
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.28,0:04:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was not designed for me,\Nand China was a very safe remove
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.93,0:04:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from any career in Australian farm life.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.32,0:05:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the second reason.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.01,0:05:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's my mom.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.92,0:05:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyone here ever listen\Nto what their mom told them to do?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.68,0:05:06.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everyone ever do what\Ntheir mom told them to do?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.35,0:05:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I rarely did,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.26,0:05:10.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what my mom said to me was,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.15,0:05:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one day, she handed me a newspaper,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.03,0:05:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a headline which said,\Nhere we have a huge change.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.88,0:05:24.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that change is China\Nentering the United Nations.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.27,0:05:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1971, I had just turned 14 years of age,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.19,0:05:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she handed me this headline.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.47,0:05:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she said, "Understand this, \Nlearn this,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.66,0:05:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's going to affect your future."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.56,0:05:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So being a very good student of history,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.36,0:05:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided that the best thing\Nfor me to do was, in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.03,0:05:43.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go off and learn Chinese.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.28,0:05:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The great thing about learning Chinese
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.40,0:05:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that your Chinese teacher\Ngives you a new name.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.51,0:05:51.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so they gave me this name:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.43,0:05:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kè, which means to overcome or to conquer,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.56,0:06:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Wén, and that's the character\Nfor literature or the arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.16,0:06:05.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kè Wén, Conqueror of the Classics.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.53,0:06:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Any of you guys called "Kevin"?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.18,0:06:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a major lift from being called Kevin\Nto be called Conqueror of the Classics.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.26,0:06:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.91,0:06:15.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been called Kevin all my life.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.65,0:06:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you been called Kevin all your life?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.64,0:06:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would you prefer to be called\NConqueror of the Classics?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.84,0:06:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so I went off after that\Nand joined the Australian Foreign Service,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.40,0:06:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but here is where pride -- before pride,\Nthere always comes a fall.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.02,0:06:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there I am in the embassy in Beijing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.53,0:06:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,off to the Great Hall of the People
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.74,0:06:39.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with our ambassador, who had asked me\Nto interpret for his first meeting
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.13,0:06:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Great Hall of the People.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.15,0:06:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so there was I.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.63,0:06:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you've been to a Chinese meeting,\Nit's a giant horseshoe.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.48,0:06:48.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the head of the horsehoe\Nare the really serious pooh-bahs,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.35,0:06:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and down the end of the horseshoe\Nare the not-so-serious pooh-bahs,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.52,0:06:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the junior woodchucks like me.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.94,0:06:56.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the ambassador\Nbegan with this inelegant phrase.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.73,0:07:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said, "China and Australia\Nare currently enjoying a relationship
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.37,0:07:04.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of unprecedented closeness."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.92,0:07:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I thought to myself,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.41,0:07:10.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"That sounds clumsy. That sounds odd.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.17,0:07:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will improve it."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.47,0:07:15.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Note to file: Never do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.20,0:07:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It needed to be a little more elegant,\Na little more classical,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.19,0:07:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I rendered it as follows.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.49,0:07:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[In Chinese]
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.62,0:07:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a big pause\Non the other side of the room.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.85,0:07:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could see the giant pooh-bahs\Nat the head of the horseshoe,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.63,0:07:35.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the blood visibly draining\Nfrom their faces,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.63,0:07:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the junior woodchucks\Nat the other end of the horseshoe
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.58,0:07:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engaged in peals of \Nunrestrained laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.36,0:07:43.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because when I rendered his sentence,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.16,0:07:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Australia and China are \Nenjoying a relationship
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.47,0:07:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of unprecedented closeness,"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.56,0:07:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fact, what I said was that\NAustralia and China
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.02,0:07:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were now experiencing fantastic orgasm.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.25,0:07:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.43,0:08:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the last time\NI was asked to interpret.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.05,0:08:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in that little story,\Nthere's a wisdom, which is,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.56,0:08:09.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as soon as you think you know something\Nabout this extraordinary civilization
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.41,0:08:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of 5,000 years of continuing history,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.62,0:08:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's always something new to learn.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.58,0:08:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,History is against us
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.68,0:08:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it comes to the U.S. and China
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.91,0:08:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forging a common future together.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.21,0:08:23.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy up here?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.64,0:08:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's not Chinese and he's not American.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.57,0:08:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's Greek. His name's Thucydides.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.80,0:08:30.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wrote the history\Nof the Peloponnesian Wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.29,0:08:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he made this extraordinary observation\N
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.06,0:08:35.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about Athens and Sparta.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.41,0:08:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It was the rise of Athens\Nand the fear that this inspired in Sparta
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.62,0:08:40.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made war inevitable."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.15,0:08:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And hence, a whole literature about\Nsomething called the Thucydides Trap.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.47,0:08:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy here? He's not American\Nand he's not Greek. He's Chinese.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.30,0:08:51.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His name is Sun Tzu.\NHe wrote "The Art of War,"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.67,0:08:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you see his statement underneath,\Nit's along these lines:
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.20,0:09:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Attack him where he is unprepared,\Nappear where you are not expected."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.42,0:09:04.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not looking good so far\Nfor China and the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.43,0:09:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy is an American.\NHis name's Graham Allison.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.31,0:09:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, he's a teacher\Nat the Kennedy School
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.91,0:09:11.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over there in Boston.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.19,0:09:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's working on a single project\Nat the moment, which is,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.16,0:09:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does the Thucydides Trap\Nabout the inevitably of war
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.34,0:09:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between rising powers\Nand established great powers
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.43,0:09:23.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apply to the future\Nof China-U.S. relations?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.40,0:09:24.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a core question.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.82,0:09:28.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what Graham has done\Nis explore 15 cases in history
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.86,0:09:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since the 1500s
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.32,0:09:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to establish what the precedents are.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.85,0:09:35.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in 11 out of 15 of them,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.85,0:09:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let me tell you,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.92,0:09:41.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've ended in catastrophic war.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.05,0:09:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may say, "But Kevin --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.49,0:09:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or Conqueror of the Classics --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.78,0:09:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was the past.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.97,0:09:52.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live now in a world\Nof interdependence and globalization.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.10,0:09:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could never happen again."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.56,0:09:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.91,0:09:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The economic historians\Ntell us that in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.58,0:09:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the time which we reached\Nthe greatest point
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.90,0:10:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of economic integration and globalization
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.72,0:10:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was in 1914,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.29,0:10:09.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just before that happened, World War I,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.42,0:10:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sobering reflection from history.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.51,0:10:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we are engaged\Nin this great question
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.06,0:10:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how China thinks, feels,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.27,0:10:22.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and positions itself\Ntowards the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.15,0:10:23.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reverse,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.63,0:10:25.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do we get to the baseline
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.51,0:10:28.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how these two countries\Nand civilizations
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.90,0:10:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can possibly work together?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.83,0:10:34.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me first go to, in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.13,0:10:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China's views of the U.S.\Nand the rest of the West.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.73,0:10:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number one: China feels\Nas if it's been humiliated
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.60,0:10:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the hands of the West\Nthrough a hundred years of history,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.49,0:10:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beginning with the Opium Wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.28,0:10:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When after that, the Western powers\Ncarved China up into little pieces,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.08,0:10:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that by the time\Nit got to the '20s and '30s,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.61,0:10:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signs like this one appeared\Non the streets of Shanghai.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.29,0:10:54.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,["No dogs and Chinese allowed"]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.79,0:10:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would you feel if you were Chinese, \N
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.76,0:10:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your own country, \Nif you saw that sign appear?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.54,0:11:03.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China also believes and feels
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.41,0:11:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as if, in the events of 1919,\Nat the Peace Conference in Paris,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.03,0:11:09.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when Germany's colonies were given back
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.92,0:11:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to all sorts of countries\Naround in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.07,0:11:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what about German colonies in China?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.93,0:11:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were, in fact, given to Japan.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.48,0:11:20.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Japan then invaded China in the 1930s
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.59,0:11:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world looked away and was indifferent\Nto what would happen to China.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.26,0:11:27.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, on top of that,\Nthe Chinese to this day believe
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.11,0:11:28.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the United States and the West
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.80,0:11:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do not accept the legitimacy\Nof their political system
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.33,0:11:34.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's so radically different\Nfrom those of us who come
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.22,0:11:35.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from liberal democracies,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.51,0:11:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and believe that the United States\Nto this day is seeking
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.33,0:11:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to undermine their political system.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.77,0:11:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China also believes\Nthat it is being contained
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.78,0:11:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by U.S. allies and by those\Nwith strategic partnerships with the U.S.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.64,0:11:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right around its periphery.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.26,0:11:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And beyond all that,\Nthe Chinese have this feeling
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.75,0:11:56.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their heart of hearts\Nand in their gut of guts
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.97,0:12:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that those of us in the collective West
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.18,0:12:04.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are just too damned arrogant.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.87,0:12:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is, we don't recognize\Nthe problems in our own system,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.82,0:12:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our politics and our economics,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.67,0:12:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are very quick\Nto point the finger elsewhere,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.06,0:12:16.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and believe that, in fact,\Nwe in the collective West
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.83,0:12:20.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are guilty of a great bunch of hypocrisy.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.63,0:12:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, in international relations,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.05,0:12:28.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not just the sound\Nof one hand clapping.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.01,0:12:30.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's another country too,\Nand that's called the U.S.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.69,0:12:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how does the U.S.\Nrespond to all of the above?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.24,0:12:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The U.S. has a response to each of those.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.38,0:12:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the question of\Nis the U.S. containing China,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.88,0:12:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they say, "No, look at the history of\Nthe Soviet Union. That was containment."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.56,0:12:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, what we have done\Nin the U.S. and the West
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.97,0:12:45.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is welcome China\Ninto the global economy,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.94,0:12:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on top of that, welcome them\Ninto the World Trade Organization.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.38,0:12:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The U.S. and the West say China cheats
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.25,0:12:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the question\Nof intellectual property rights,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.56,0:12:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and through cyberattacks\Non U.S. and global firms.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.88,0:13:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Furthermore, the United States\Nsays that the Chinese political system
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.45,0:13:04.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is fundamentally wrong
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.33,0:13:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's at such fundamental variance
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.63,0:13:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the human rights, democracy,\Nand rule of law that we enjoy
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.88,0:13:13.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the U.S. and the collective West.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.50,0:13:16.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on top of all the above,\Nwhat does the United States say?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.66,0:13:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That they fear that China will,\Nwhen it has sufficient power,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.77,0:13:25.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,establish a sphere of influence\Nin Southeast Asia and wider East Asia,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.79,0:13:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,boot the United States out,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.69,0:13:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in time, when it's powerful enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.71,0:13:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unilaterally seek to change\Nthe rules of the global order.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.72,0:13:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So apart from all of that,\Nit's just fine and dandy,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.42,0:13:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the U.S.-China relationship.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.82,0:13:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No real problems there.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.02,0:13:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The challenge, though,\Nis given those deep-rooted feelings,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.94,0:13:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those deep-rooted emotions\Nand thought patterns,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.94,0:13:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the Chinese call "Sīwéi,"\Nways of thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.75,0:13:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how can we craft a basis\Nfor a common future between these two?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.20,0:13:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I argue simply this:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.84,0:13:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do it on the basis on a framework
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.78,0:14:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of constructive realism\Nfor a common purpose.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.36,0:14:05.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do I mean by that?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.33,0:14:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be realistic about the things\Nthat we disagree on,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.67,0:14:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a management approach\Nthat doesn't enable
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.95,0:14:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any one of those differences\Nto break into war or conflict
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.80,0:14:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until we've acquired\Nthe diplomatic skills to solve them.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.36,0:14:20.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be constructive in areas of the\Nbilateral, regional and global engagement
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.01,0:14:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the two,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.39,0:14:24.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which will make a difference\Nfor all of humankind.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.11,0:14:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Build a regional institution\Ncapable of cooperation in Asia,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.11,0:14:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an Asia-Pacific community.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.03,0:14:32.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And worldwide, act further,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.45,0:14:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like you've begun to do\Nat the end of last year
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.07,0:14:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by striking out against climate change
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.30,0:14:41.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with hands joined together\Nrather than fists apart.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.30,0:14:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, all that happens\Nif you've got a common mechanism
Dialogue: 0,0:14:44.20,0:14:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and political will to achieve the above.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.31,0:14:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These things are deliverable.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.00,0:14:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the question is,\Nare they deliverable alone?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.02,0:14:55.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what our head\Ntells us we need to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.97,0:14:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what about our heart?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.87,0:15:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a little experience\Nin the question back home
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.92,0:15:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how you try to bring\Ntogether two peoples
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.24,0:15:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who, frankly, haven't had\Na whole lot in common in the past.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.86,0:15:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's when I apologized\Nto Australia's indigenous peoples.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.43,0:15:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was a day of reckoning\Nin the Australian government,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.22,0:15:17.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Australian parliament,\Nand for the Australian people.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.91,0:15:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After 200 years of unbridled abuse\Ntowards the first Australians,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.69,0:15:27.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was high time that we white folks\Nsaid we were sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.87,0:15:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The important thing --
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.24,0:15:34.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.29,0:15:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The important thing that I remember\Nis staring in the faces
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.21,0:15:39.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of all those from Aboriginal Australia
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.69,0:15:42.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as they came to listen to this apology.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.50,0:15:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was extraordinary to see, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.31,0:15:50.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old women telling me the stories\Nof when they were five years old
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.23,0:15:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and literally ripped away\Nfrom their parents,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.23,0:15:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this lady here.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.83,0:15:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was extraordinary for me\Nto then be able to embrace
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.96,0:16:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to kiss Aboriginal elders\Nas they came into the parliament building,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.91,0:16:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one woman said to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.17,0:16:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the first time a white fella\Nhad ever kissed her in her life,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.32,0:16:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she was over 70.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.27,0:16:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a terrible story.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.78,0:16:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I remember\Nthis family saying to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.24,0:16:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You know, we drove all the way\Nfrom the far North down to Canberra
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.30,0:16:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come to this thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.67,0:16:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drove our way through redneck country.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.86,0:16:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the way back, stopped at a cafe\Nafter the apology for a milkshake."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.47,0:16:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they walked into this cafe\Nquietly, tentatively, gingerly,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.05,0:16:35.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little anxious.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.51,0:16:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you know what I'm talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.06,0:16:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the day after the apology,\Nwhat happened?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.87,0:16:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everyone in that cafe,\Nevery one of the white folks,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.98,0:16:48.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stood up and applauded.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.77,0:16:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something had happened in the hearts\Nof these people in Australia.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.90,0:16:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The white folks, our Aboriginal\Nbrothers and sisters,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.59,0:16:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we haven't solved\Nall these problems together,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.82,0:17:03.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but let me tell you,\Nthere was a new beginning
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.49,0:17:05.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we had gone not just to the head,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.90,0:17:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'd gone also to the heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.56,0:17:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So where does that conclude\Nin terms of the great question
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.43,0:17:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we've been asked\Nto address this evening,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.62,0:17:16.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the future\Nof U.S.-China relations?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.58,0:17:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The head says there's a way forward.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.88,0:17:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The head says there is a policy framework,\Nthere's a common narrative,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.57,0:17:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a mechanism\Nthrough regular summitry
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.50,0:17:26.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do these things\Nand to make them better.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.40,0:17:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the heart must also find a way\Nto reimagine the possibilities
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.98,0:17:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the America-China relationship,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.88,0:17:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the possibilities of China's\Nfuture engagement in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.54,0:17:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes, folks, we just need\Nto take a leap of faith
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.62,0:17:47.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not quite knowing where we might land.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.55,0:17:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In China, they now talk about\Nthe Chinese Dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.82,0:17:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In America, we're all familiar\Nwith the term "the American Dream."
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.35,0:18:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's time, across the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.48,0:18:05.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're able to think also\Nof something we might also call
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.61,0:18:10.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a dream for all humankind.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.37,0:18:13.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because if we do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.33,0:18:15.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might just change the way
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.98,0:18:20.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we think about each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.92,0:18:27.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[In Chinese]
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.03,0:18:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's my challenge to America.\NThat's my challenge to China.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.40,0:18:32.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's my challenge to all of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.88,0:18:36.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I think where there's a will\Nand where there is imagination
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.18,0:18:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can turn this into a future
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.23,0:18:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,driven by peace and prosperity
Dialogue: 0,0:18:40.57,0:18:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not once again repeat
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.59,0:18:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tragedies of war.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.70,0:18:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.56,0:18:51.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.100,0:18:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chris Anderson: Thanks so much for that.\NThanks so much for that.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:55.18,0:18:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It feels like you yourself\Nhave a role to play in this bridging.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:59.77,0:19:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You, in a way, are uniquely placed\Nto speak to both sides.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.12,0:19:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kevin Rudd: Well, what we Australians\Ndo best is organize the drinks,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:07.38,0:19:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you get them together in one room,\Nand we suggest this and suggest that,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:10.90,0:19:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we go and get the drinks.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.34,0:19:14.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But no, look, for all of us\Nwho are friends
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.34,0:19:16.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of these two great countries,\NAmerica and China,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.60,0:19:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can do something.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.94,0:19:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can make a practical contribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.24,0:19:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for all you good folks here,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.12,0:19:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,next time you meet someone from China,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.75,0:19:25.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sit down and have a conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.36,0:19:28.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See what you can find out about\Nwhere they come from and what they think,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:28.81,0:19:30.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my challenge for all\Nthe Chinese folks
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.85,0:19:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are going to watch\Nthis TED Talk at some time
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.18,0:19:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is do the same.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.54,0:19:39.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two of us seeking to change the world\Ncan actually make a huge difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.44,0:19:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those of us up the middle,\Nwe can make a small contribution.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.34,0:19:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Kevin, all power to you,\Nmy friend. Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:44.70,0:19:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KR: Thank you. Thank you, folks.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.83,0:19:48.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)