1 00:00:07,961 --> 00:00:10,711 在哥倫比亞北部的熱帶叢林中 2 00:00:10,711 --> 00:00:13,720 她和家人住在高高的樹上 3 00:00:13,720 --> 00:00:15,800 你會發現夏奇拉 4 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:19,557 一隻喋喋不休的棉頂狨猴 5 00:00:19,557 --> 00:00:22,159 說“ 你好 “ 6 00:00:22,159 --> 00:00:23,732 也許你沒發現到 7 00:00:23,732 --> 00:00:25,546 這隻一磅左右重的小猴子 8 00:00:25,546 --> 00:00:27,821 用一種極複雜的語言交流 9 00:00:27,821 --> 00:00:30,379 擁有了多達38種不同的叫聲 10 00:00:30,379 --> 00:00:35,676 包含各種啾啾聲 11 00:00:35,676 --> 00:00:37,133 和哨叫 12 00:00:37,133 --> 00:00:38,649 剛才牠發出的的回應 13 00:00:38,649 --> 00:00:41,422 被稱為B行啁啾聲 14 00:00:41,422 --> 00:00:44,356 一種常用來跟人類打招呼的呼叫 15 00:00:44,356 --> 00:00:47,062 為了了解夏奇拉語言的複雜性 16 00:00:47,062 --> 00:00:49,107 讓我們先來了解幾種啁啾聲和哨叫聲 17 00:00:49,107 --> 00:00:52,400 再看牠們的组合 18 00:00:52,400 --> 00:00:54,651 是怎麼形成語法结構順序的 19 00:00:54,651 --> 00:00:56,708 夏奇拉用來和我們打招呼的啁啾聲 20 00:00:56,708 --> 00:01:00,067 是由一组音節组成 21 00:01:00,067 --> 00:01:04,057 這组音節由短音音調,比如啁啾聲 22 00:01:04,057 --> 00:01:11,097 和長音音调,比如尖叫聲,一起组成 23 00:01:11,097 --> 00:01:13,457 研究人員發現 24 00:01:13,457 --> 00:01:15,809 有8種不同的啁啾聲 25 00:01:15,809 --> 00:01:22,116 是根據聲調、音長、尖峰頻率值 和頻率變化劃分出來的 26 00:01:22,116 --> 00:01:25,868 另外,每一種啁啾聲有它自己獨特的含意 27 00:01:25,868 --> 00:01:30,467 比如说,當夏奇拉發出“C型啁啾聲”時 28 00:01:30,467 --> 00:01:32,352 是在她獲得食物的時候 29 00:01:32,352 --> 00:01:36,770 而“D型啁啾聲” 30 00:01:36,770 --> 00:01:39,251 則是在牠手中有食物時才會使用 31 00:01:39,251 --> 00:01:43,297 單信號哨叫 也在每次呼叫中表達獨特的意思 32 00:01:43,297 --> 00:01:45,475 就如同這8種不同的啁啾聲 33 00:01:45,475 --> 00:01:47,656 哨叫也有5種之分 34 00:01:47,656 --> 00:01:49,328 根據頻率分類 35 00:01:49,328 --> 00:01:53,162 哨叫又被细分成4個子種類: 36 00:01:53,162 --> 00:01:59,886 吱吱聲和初級調製哨叫 37 00:01:59,886 --> 00:02:05,718 進階調製哨叫以及平哨 38 00:02:05,718 --> 00:02:07,736 這種語言表達含義時的清晰性 39 00:02:07,736 --> 00:02:10,573 完全可以用初級調製哨叫的種類來說明 40 00:02:12,463 --> 00:02:14,695 這些哨叫會根據夏奇拉 41 00:02:14,695 --> 00:02:17,954 與牠家人之間的距離遠近而改變 42 00:02:17,954 --> 00:02:21,018 如果夏奇拉與牠家人之間的距離 遠於6米 43 00:02:21,018 --> 00:02:25,768 牠就會發出高度初級調製哨叫 44 00:02:25,768 --> 00:02:28,573 如果牠與家人的距離小於6米 45 00:02:28,573 --> 00:02:33,071 牠就會發出輕度初級調製哨叫 46 00:02:33,071 --> 00:02:35,069 現在我們既然已經了解了幾種 啁啾聲和哨叫聲 47 00:02:35,069 --> 00:02:37,309 夏奇拉非常想跟你炫耀一下 牠的語言功力 48 00:02:37,309 --> 00:02:40,804 牠要帶你體驗一下 牠從早到晚所發出的聲音 49 00:02:40,804 --> 00:02:44,076 當牠跳到一棵樹上開始吃早餐時 50 00:02:44,076 --> 00:02:46,611 牠說,(猴子的叫聲) 51 00:02:46,611 --> 00:02:50,583 這是一種多用於輕鬆探查的叫聲 52 00:02:50,583 --> 00:02:54,499 然而,牠突然發現一隻大鷹的影子 53 00:02:54,499 --> 00:02:57,039 牠發出警報聲“E型啁啾聲” 54 00:02:57,039 --> 00:03:00,362 這聲音警示牠家人:捕食者靠近了 55 00:03:00,362 --> 00:03:03,531 夏奇拉自己也趕緊跳入 密枝深處的安全地帶 56 00:03:03,531 --> 00:03:05,141 現在應該沒事了 57 00:03:05,141 --> 00:03:07,571 所以夏奇拉向牠的爸爸靠近 58 00:03:07,571 --> 00:03:09,789 等等,等等,那個小傢伙是誰 59 00:03:09,789 --> 00:03:12,900 啊哈,是牠的弟弟卡洛斯 60 00:03:12,900 --> 00:03:15,452 棉頂狨猴玩摔跤的時候通常會發出尖叫 61 00:03:15,452 --> 00:03:21,243 啊哦,卡洛斯有點粗暴了 夏奇拉開始尖叫 62 00:03:21,243 --> 00:03:23,478 想讓牠父母來幫她 63 00:03:23,478 --> 00:03:26,396 牠爸爸朝著扭打成一團毛球走去 64 00:03:26,396 --> 00:03:28,036 牠弟弟識相地停了下來 65 00:03:28,036 --> 00:03:29,219 夏奇拉抖了抖身子 66 00:03:29,219 --> 00:03:31,210 伸手整理她頭上的毛 67 00:03:31,210 --> 00:03:33,055 恢復牠的髮型 68 00:03:33,055 --> 00:03:36,714 之後,夏奇拉發現了另一群 不太熟悉的棉頂狨猴 69 00:03:36,714 --> 00:03:39,205 聽了聽牠們的長叫 70 00:03:39,205 --> 00:03:42,981 牠轉向她的家人(猴子叫聲) 71 00:03:42,981 --> 00:03:47,079 你聽出來了嗎?首先是啁啾聲 然後是哨叫聲 72 00:03:47,079 --> 00:03:50,074 這被稱為組合發聲 73 00:03:50,074 --> 00:03:53,758 一個由一聲啁啾和一聲哨叫組成的“短語” 74 00:03:53,758 --> 00:03:57,739 這兩聲串起來表達一個信息 75 00:03:57,739 --> 00:03:59,922 牠把這兩個聲音元素合在一起 76 00:03:59,922 --> 00:04:02,455 通知牠的家人另一個群體存在 牠用“F型啁啾聲” 77 00:04:02,455 --> 00:04:05,964 並同時說明這個群體與牠們的距離 78 00:04:05,964 --> 00:04:07,826 牠用慣用的長口哨 79 00:04:07,826 --> 00:04:11,073 換句話說,夏奇拉剛剛說了一句話 80 00:04:11,073 --> 00:04:14,280 牠這句簡單的話只是牠們語言中的冰山一角 81 00:04:14,280 --> 00:04:18,715 牠還有顫音,饒舌,多樣的哨叫 82 00:04:18,715 --> 00:04:23,390 更有多種組合發音,甚至是吱吱喳喳 83 00:04:23,390 --> 00:04:26,060 然而,讓人難過的是,我們可能永遠也聽不盡 84 00:04:26,060 --> 00:04:28,324 牠說得每一件事 85 00:04:28,324 --> 00:04:31,289 伴隨樹木高處的啁啾聲 86 00:04:31,289 --> 00:04:35,056 還有持續不斷砍伐樹木的轟隆聲 87 00:04:35,056 --> 00:04:37,855 夏奇拉在哥倫比亞的家正在被砍伐 88 00:04:37,855 --> 00:04:39,466 一棵又一棵的樹倒下 89 00:04:39,466 --> 00:04:40,814 如果我們不採取行動 90 00:04:40,814 --> 00:04:43,331 保護瀕臨絕種的棉頂狨猴 91 00:04:43,331 --> 00:04:46,089 牠們會在我們有生之年絕跡的 92 00:04:46,089 --> 00:04:48,099 如果棉頂狨猴之間的啁啾聲 93 00:04:48,099 --> 00:04:51,030 被證明不僅僅是閒聊那麼簡單 94 00:04:51,030 --> 00:04:53,793 想像一下還有多少是我們有待發現的 95 00:04:53,793 --> 00:04:56,294 想像一下夏奇拉還能告訴我們什麼