[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.66,0:00:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine you are a part\Nof a crew of astronauts
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.12,0:00:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traveling to Mars or some distant planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.85,0:00:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The travel time could take a year
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.91,0:00:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even longer.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.84,0:00:17.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The space on board and the resources
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.80,0:00:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be limited.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.36,0:00:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you and the crew would have\Nto figure out how to produce food
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.97,0:00:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with minimal inputs.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.17,0:00:30.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if you could bring with you\Njust a few packets of seeds,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.96,0:00:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and grow crops in a matter of hours?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.91,0:00:38.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what if those crops\Nwould then make more seeds,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.38,0:00:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enabling you to feed the entire crew
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.45,0:00:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with just those few packets of seeds\Nfor the duration of the trip?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.46,0:00:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the scientists at NASA actually\Nfigured out a way to do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.55,0:00:54.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they came up with\Nwas actually quite interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.21,0:00:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It involved microorganisms,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.13,0:00:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are single-celled organisms.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.73,0:01:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they also used hydrogen from water.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.51,0:01:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The types of microbes that they used\Nwere called hydrogenotrophs,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.62,0:01:10.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with these hydrogenotrophs,\Nyou can create a virtuous carbon cycle
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.94,0:01:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would sustain life\Nonboard a spacecraft.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.52,0:01:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Astronauts would breathe out\Ncarbon dioxide,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.24,0:01:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that carbon dioxide would then\Nbe captured by the microbes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.07,0:01:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and converted into a nutritious,\Ncarbon-rich crop.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.29,0:01:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The astronauts would then eat\Nthat carbon-rich crop
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.90,0:01:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and exhale the carbon out\Nin the form of carbon dioxide,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.92,0:01:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which would then be captured\Nby the microbes,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.16,0:01:37.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create a nutritious crop,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.82,0:01:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which then would be exhaled\Nin the form of carbon dioxide
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.74,0:01:42.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the astronauts.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.18,0:01:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in this way, a closed-loop\Ncarbon cycle is created.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.82,0:01:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why is this important?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.16,0:01:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need carbon to survive as humans,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.87,0:01:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we get our carbon from food.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.24,0:01:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On a long space journey,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.94,0:01:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you simply wouldn't be able to pick up\Nany carbon along the way,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.29,0:02:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you'd have to figure out\Nhow to recycle it on board.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.82,0:02:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a clever solution, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.82,0:02:08.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the thing is, that research\Ndidn't really go anywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.55,0:02:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We haven't yet gone to Mars.\NWe haven't yet gone to another planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.30,0:02:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this was actually done\Nin the '60s and '70s.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.36,0:02:18.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a colleague of mine,\NDr. John Reed, and I,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.75,0:02:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were interested, actually,\Nin carbon recycling here on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.74,0:02:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wanted to come up\Nwith technical solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.100,0:02:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to address climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.78,0:02:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we discovered this research
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.02,0:02:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by reading some papers published\Nin the '60s -- 1967 and later --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.47,0:02:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,articles about this work.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.29,0:02:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we thought it was a really good idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.77,0:02:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we said, well, Earth\Nis actually like a spaceship.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.37,0:02:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have limited space\Nand limited resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.81,0:02:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on Earth, we really do\Nneed to figure out
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.01,0:02:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to recycle our carbon better.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.20,0:02:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we had the idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.37,0:03:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can we take some of these\NNASA-type ideas and apply them
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.15,0:03:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to our carbon problem here on Earth?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.94,0:03:05.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could we cultivate\Nthese NASA-type microbes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.59,0:03:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to make\Nvaluable products here on Earth?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.24,0:03:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We started a company to do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.72,0:03:16.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in that company, we discovered\Nthat these hydrogenotrophs --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.42,0:03:20.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I'll actually call\Nnature's supercharged carbon recyclers --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.38,0:03:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we found that they are a powerful\Nclass of microbes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.22,0:03:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that had been largely overlooked\Nand understudied,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.08,0:03:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that they could make\Nsome really valuable products.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.54,0:03:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we began cultivating these products,\Nthese microbes, in our lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.12,0:03:38.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We found that we can make\Nessential amino acids from carbon dioxide
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.99,0:03:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using these microbes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.48,0:03:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we even made a protein-rich meal
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.55,0:03:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has an amino acid profile\Nsimilar to what you might find
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.05,0:03:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in some animal proteins.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.52,0:03:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We began cultivating them even further,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.96,0:03:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we found that we can make oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.90,0:03:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oils are used to manufacture\Nmany products.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.74,0:04:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We made an oil that was similar\Nto a citrus oil,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.10,0:04:04.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can be used for flavoring\Nand for fragrances,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.20,0:04:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it also can be used\Nas a biodegradable cleaner
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.86,0:04:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even as a jet fuel.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.24,0:04:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we made an oil\Nthat's similar to palm oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.06,0:04:14.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Palm oil is used to manufacture
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.05,0:04:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a wide range of consumer\Nand industrial goods.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.87,0:04:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We began working with manufacturers\Nto scale up this technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.64,0:04:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're currently working with them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.47,0:04:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bring some of these products to market.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.76,0:04:31.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We believe this type of technology\Ncan indeed help us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.72,0:04:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,profitably recycle carbon dioxide\Ninto valuable products --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.78,0:04:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that's beneficial\Nfor the planet
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.84,0:04:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also beneficial for business.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.38,0:04:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what we're doing today.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.22,0:04:46.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But tomorrow, this type of technology\Nand using these types of microbes
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.48,0:04:49.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually could help us\Ndo something even greater
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.27,0:04:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we take it to the next level.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.04,0:04:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We believe that this type of technology
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.49,0:04:57.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can actually help us address\Nan issue with agriculture
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.75,0:05:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allow us to create\Na type of agriculture that's sustainable,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.30,0:05:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will allow us to scale\Nto meet the demands of tomorrow.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.58,0:05:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And why might we need\Na sustainable agriculture?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.32,0:05:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, actually, it is estimated
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.54,0:05:17.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the population will reach\Nabout 10 billion by 2050,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.80,0:05:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're projecting that we will need\Nto increase food production
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.00,0:05:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by 70 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.18,0:05:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition, we will need many more\Nresources and raw materials
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.44,0:05:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make consumer goods\Nand industrial goods.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.57,0:05:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how will we scale to meet that demand?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.67,0:05:38.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, modern agriculture simply cannot\Nsustainably scale to meet that demand.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.76,0:05:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are a number of reasons why.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.31,0:05:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of them is that modern agriculture\Nis one of the largest emitters
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.17,0:05:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of greenhouse gases.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.77,0:05:51.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, it emits more greenhouse gases
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.42,0:05:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than our cars, our trucks, our planes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.55,0:05:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our trains combined.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.01,0:06:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another reason is that modern ag\Nsimply takes up a whole lot of land.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.55,0:06:08.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have cleared 19.4 million square miles\Nfor crops and livestock.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.45,0:06:11.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does that look like?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.12,0:06:16.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, that's roughly the size\Nof South America and Africa combined.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.04,0:06:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you a specific example.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.32,0:06:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Indonesia, an amount\Nof virgin rainforest was cleared
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.30,0:06:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,totaling the size\Nof approximately Ireland,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.71,0:06:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between 2000 and 2012.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.72,0:06:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just think of all\Nof the species, the diversity,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.95,0:06:35.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was removed in the process,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.86,0:06:38.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether plant life, insects\Nor animal life.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.14,0:06:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a natural carbon sink\Nwas also removed.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.44,0:06:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me make this real for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.90,0:06:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This clearing happened primarily\Nto make room for palm plantations.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.40,0:06:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as I mentioned before,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.80,0:06:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,palm oil is used\Nto manufacture many products.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.37,0:06:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, it is estimated\Nthat over 50 percent of consumer products
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.32,0:07:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are manufactured using palm oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.67,0:07:04.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that includes things\Nlike ice cream, cookies ...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.51,0:07:07.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It includes cooking oils.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.40,0:07:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also includes detergents,\Nlotions, soaps.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.59,0:07:15.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You and I both\Nprobably have numerous items
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.40,0:07:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our kitchens and our bathrooms
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.92,0:07:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were manufactured using palm oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.45,0:07:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you and I are direct beneficiaries\Nof removed rainforests.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.69,0:07:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Modern ag has some problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.80,0:07:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we need solutions\Nif we want to scale sustainably.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.15,0:07:39.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that microbes\Ncan be a part of the answer --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.70,0:07:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specifically, these supercharged\Ncarbon recyclers.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.71,0:07:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These supercharged carbon recyclers,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.25,0:07:50.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like plants, serve as\Nthe natural recyclers
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.31,0:07:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their ecosystems where they thrive.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.45,0:07:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they thrive in exotic places on Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.67,0:07:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like hydrothermal vents and hot springs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.54,0:08:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In those ecosystems,\Nthey take carbon and recycle it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.83,0:08:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the nutrients needed\Nfor those ecosystems.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.92,0:08:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're rich in nutrients,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.40,0:08:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as oils and proteins,\Nminerals and carbohydrates.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.02,0:08:16.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And actually, microbes are already\Nan integral part of our everyday lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.34,0:08:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you enjoy a glass of pinot noir\Non a Friday night,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.57,0:08:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a long, hard work week,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.53,0:08:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you are enjoying\Na product of microbes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.18,0:08:29.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you enjoy a beer\Nfrom your local microbrewery --
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.88,0:08:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a product of microbes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.53,0:08:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or bread, or cheese, or yogurt.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.06,0:08:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are all products of microbes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.73,0:08:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the beauty and power associated\Nwith these supercharged carbon recyclers
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.04,0:08:48.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lies in the fact that they can\Nactually produce in a matter of hours
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.16,0:08:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,versus months.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.51,0:08:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means we can make crops
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.48,0:08:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much faster than we're making them today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.68,0:08:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They grow in the dark,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.34,0:08:59.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they can grow in any season
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.92,0:09:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in any geography and any location.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.16,0:09:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can grow in containers\Nthat require minimal space.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.56,0:09:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can get to a type\Nof vertical agriculture.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.54,0:09:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of our traditional\Nhorizontal agriculture
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.22,0:09:15.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that requires so much land,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.97,0:09:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can scale vertically,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.57,0:09:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as a result\Nproduce much more product per area.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.19,0:09:28.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we implement this type of approach\Nand use these carbon recyclers,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.68,0:09:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we wouldn't have to remove\Nany more rainforests
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.100,0:09:35.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make the food and the goods\Nthat we consume.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.52,0:09:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because, at a large scale,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.76,0:09:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can actually make 10,000 times\Nmore output per land area
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.09,0:09:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than you could -- for instance,\Nif you used soybeans --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.27,0:09:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you planted soybeans\Non that same area of land
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.36,0:09:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over a period of a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.53,0:09:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ten thousand times\Nover a period of a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.30,0:09:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is what I mean\Nby a new type of agriculture.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.61,0:10:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is what I mean\Nby developing a system
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.94,0:10:08.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that allows us to sustainably scale\Nto meet the demands of 10 billion.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.70,0:10:14.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what would be the products\Nof this new type of agriculture?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.32,0:10:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, we've already made a protein meal,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.53,0:10:19.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can imagine something\Nsimilar to a soybean meal,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.82,0:10:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even cornmeal, or wheat flour.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.20,0:10:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've already made oils,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.58,0:10:27.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can imagine something\Nsimilar to coconut oil
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.28,0:10:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or olive oil or soybean oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.04,0:10:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this type of crop can\Nactually produce the nutrients
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.30,0:10:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would give us pasta and bread,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.62,0:10:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cakes, nutritional items of many sorts.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.23,0:10:47.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Furthermore, since oil is used\Nto manufacture multiple other goods,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.16,0:10:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industrial products and consumer products,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.24,0:10:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can imagine being able to make\Ndetergents, soaps, lotions, etc.,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.07,0:10:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using these types of crops.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.38,0:11:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only are we running out of space,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.29,0:11:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if we continue to operate\Nunder the status quo
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.48,0:11:04.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with modern agriculture,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.98,0:11:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we run the risk of robbing our progeny\Nof a beautiful planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.22,0:11:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it doesn't have to be this way.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.63,0:11:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can imagine a future of abundance.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.15,0:11:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let us create systems that keep\Nplanet Earth, our spaceship,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.05,0:11:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not only from not crashing,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.41,0:11:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but let us also develop systems\Nand ways of living
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.56,0:11:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will be beneficial\Nto the lives of ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.75,0:11:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the 10 billion that will\Nbe on this planet by 2050.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.82,0:11:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.06,0:11:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)