[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,_________________
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.22,0:00:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,________________
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.43,0:00:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,________________
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.86,0:00:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Животът.. всичко е за оцеляването и никой\Nот нас не знае колко му остава на тази планета.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.12,0:00:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Нашата задача, като вид е да предвиждаме и
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.23,0:00:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,елиминираме заплахите за нашето\Nоцеляване.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.21,0:00:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Коя ли е най-голямата заплаха? \NЗамърсяването? Болестите? Природните бедствия?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.55,0:01:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Вглеждайки се сме открили и идентифицирали \Nдоста потенциални заплахи,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.66,0:01:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,и затова имаме "война срещу тероризма", "война\Nсрещу престъпленията", наркотиците, ракът...
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.56,0:01:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,но замисляме ли се над основните\Nни животоподържащи нужди?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.51,0:01:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,По принцип не е нужно, защото за щастие\Nимаме система, система при която
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.82,0:01:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,цената на тези нужди може да се плати. Можеш\Nда работиш за пари, които
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.81,0:01:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,да ти осигурят храна, вода и\Nдом, и е добре, че имаме такава
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.10,0:01:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,система, защото без пари си\Nзагубен. А, ако останеш без работа
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.22,0:01:42.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,пак няма нужда да се притесняваш, защото\Nимаме и друга система. Ако не си на работа,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.78,0:01:47.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,независимо защо, просто кандидатстваш\Nза социална помощ.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.65,0:01:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Понеже всички работещи плащат данъци, а\Nправителството разбира, че определен
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.72,0:02:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,процент безработица е нормално да се\Nочаква, те просто отделят част от парите
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.02,0:02:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,от данъци и ги прехвърлят към безработните\Nхора, чрез магическия процес на преразпределението.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.88,0:02:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Но това те кара да се замислиш. Ако това\Nе голямото ни решение, то къде е границата?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.34,0:02:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Какво ниво на безработица можем да подържаме?\NИ какво би се случило, ако изведнъж работните места
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.34,0:02:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,изчезнат?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.75,0:02:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Светът е изправен пред огромно предизвикателство\Nи е нужно да се открият, чуйте това,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.32,0:02:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,шестотин милиона работни позиции, за да\Nима икономически растеж и социална сплотеност.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.25,0:02:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,____________
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.18,0:02:43.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maveric Media представя:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.11,0:02:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Defence giant BAE SYSTEMS has confirmed its\Ncutting almost three thousand jobs at sites
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.21,0:02:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across the country.\NTata Steel which employs nineteen thousand
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.98,0:03:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people in its UK steel business has announced\Nit is cutting nine hundred jobs around the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.68,0:03:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UK\NAnother blow to the region's economy today
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.15,0:03:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the energy giant EON has announced that\Nsix hundred jobs are to go at a call centre
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.45,0:03:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Essox\NThe Phyzer facility in Kent, the world's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.69,0:03:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biggest drugs company runs the UKs largest\Nforeign owned research and developments facility.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.96,0:03:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It will close entirely with the loss of most\Nof two thousand four hundred jobs.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.90,0:03:26.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ford has announced to trade union representatives\Nthat it will cease manufacturing cars in the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.49,0:03:31.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,UK after more than one hundred years.\NJapans Honda is to cut around eight hundred
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.01,0:03:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jobs at its plant near Swindon in south-west\NEngland.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.57,0:03:38.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we start tonight with news at the BBC\Nhas announced cuts and job losses across the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.95,0:03:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,region as part of a plan to make twenty percent\Nsavings
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.86,0:03:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hundreds of police jobs have already been\Nslashed with thousands more under threat
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.73,0:03:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kodak the firm that invented the handheld\Ncamera and remains one of Americas best known
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.14,0:03:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brands has filed for bankruptcy protection.\NRangers football club one of the most famous
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.39,0:04:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Britain has announced its gone into administration.\NMore than three hundred of the eight hundred
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.22,0:04:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stores that Woolworths use to occupy are still\Nstanding empty more than a year and a half
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.93,0:04:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after it collapsed at the end of 2008.\NMore retailers are expected to go bust over
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.31,0:04:13.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next few months.\NAll one hundred and eighty seven outlets are
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.53,0:04:17.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be shut with the loss of almost fourteen\Nhundred jobs, the administrator said that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.51,0:04:23.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is apparent we cannot continue to trade.\NIt was once Britain's biggest sports retailer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.45,0:04:26.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but today JJB SPORTS announced plans to go\Ninto administration.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.56,0:04:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Six and a half thousand jobs are at risk after\Nelectrical retailer Comet announced it's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.12,0:04:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going into administration.\NMore than four thousand jobs at risk after
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.98,0:04:37.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,HMV announced that it was going into administration,\Nit follows other chains.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.15,0:04:43.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its Blockbuster, its become the latest casualty\Non the high-street this week, a quarter of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.06,0:04:47.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its stores are going to close, more than seven\Nhundred people are going to be made redundant.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.15,0:04:51.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's serious doubts now about the future\Nof around six thousand jobs around the UK
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.29,0:04:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the company asked for its shares to\Nbe suspended last Wednesday.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.68,0:04:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Former LaSenza employees have come to the\Ndecision to occupy the store as a direct consequence
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.90,0:05:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the actions of management.\NA buyer hasn't been found with the group
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.38,0:05:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,currently employs a total of nearly four thousand\Nstaff.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.98,0:05:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taiwan's IT giant FOXCONN announced its\Nplans to replace up to half a million human
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.85,0:05:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,workers with robots in the next three years.\NIt's called "scan as you shop" customers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.12,0:05:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,love it. It's a very simple system.\NEach load is almost three hundred tons, but
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.86,0:05:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look closely. There's no one behind the\Nwheel.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.28,0:05:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The facility boasts the first robotics system\Nin the UK to deliver supplies such as linen
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.01,0:05:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and food and an automated robotic pharmacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.19,0:05:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A Sam Vallely FILM
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.80,0:05:56.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will work for food
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.60,0:06:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will work for free
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.40,0:06:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This isn't the first time unemployment has\Nbeen a threat to this system.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.70,0:06:25.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 years ago, UK unemployment accounted for\N10% of the population. It marked one of the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.08,0:06:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,worst recessions in our history with significant\Nwaves of rioting. However in ninety three,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.62,0:06:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unemployment took a turn, somehow the jobs\Ncame back and things got better.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.25,0:06:44.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This growth in employment is just what we\Nneeded, however it only lasted till two thousand
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.51,0:06:51.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one. Then the rates stagnated, the increased.\NBy two thousand nine we were back to around
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.79,0:06:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eight percent. But it's reassuring to see\Nthe recent trends of unemployment have slowed
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.55,0:07:04.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since then. Or at least it would be reassuring,\Nif it weren't for this. This chart shows
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.87,0:07:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the trends of part time versus full time employment.\NNotice how the increase in part time employment
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.01,0:07:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,runs almost parallel to the decrease of full\Ntime employment. So, where one person may
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.33,0:07:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been working say, a 40 hours week contract...\Nnow, two people would each be contracted 20
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.54,0:07:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hour, and funnily enough, this cross over\Nsection occurred in two thousand nine. So
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.37,0:07:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because technically more people are employed,\Nthe rates falsely imply a slight slowing down
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.21,0:07:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of job loss, but in reality, the amount of\Navalible work is shrinking and the economy
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.51,0:07:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is only getting worse.\NSso what happened last time we were in this
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.22,0:07:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mess going? let's go back to 93, what changed?\NWas it an orderly street protest which brought
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.02,0:08:00.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back the jobs?\NPerhaps it was some well thought out policy
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.27,0:08:05.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from parliament that changed things.\NMaybe everyone just stopped being lazy and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.53,0:08:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simultaneously arrived at the decision to\Ngo out there and get a job. But maybe it has
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.91,0:08:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something to do with technology.\NIn 93 Microsoft realised their Windows NT
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.43,0:08:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operating system, Intel developed the first\NPentium processor and the National Centre
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.24,0:08:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for Supercomputing Applications released version\N1 of "Mosaic" which was to be world's
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.34,0:08:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first internet web browser. It is estimated\Nthe Internet grew throughout the 90's at
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.14,0:08:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a rate of 100% per year. Subsequently improving\Nglobal communication and creating many jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.36,0:08:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within developed countries. Now to remove\Nany speculation as to whether or not this
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.67,0:08:51.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the reason for the growth in jobs, it\Nshould be noted that throughout the nineties,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.13,0:08:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our employment trends were almost identical\Nto the U.S. trends and in a 2007 paper, a
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.45,0:09:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,team of Harvard economists found "the economic\Nexpansion of the nineties was in fact driven
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.45,0:09:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the increased efficiency in the production\Nof IT, including computing, software and telecommunication.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.25,0:09:16.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The birth of the internet had propelled us\Nin to a new age and saved us from further
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.89,0:09:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,degradation. However, while emerging technology\Nis responsible for having created many new
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.24,0:09:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jobs, technology has been known to replace\Njobs throughout history.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.47,0:09:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When employment stagnated in two thousand\None, this wasn't because technology had
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.72,0:09:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stopped expanding or that there weren't\Nany new ideas, the stagnation is simply because
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.62,0:09:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology is ever improving, and the numbers\Nof new jobs were being matched by the number
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.77,0:09:48.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of job losses.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.57,0:09:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Economists will always deny that technology\Nreplaces jobs. It's called the Lump of labour
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.13,0:10:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fallacy. Essentially it's the notion that\Ntechnology merely redistributes human workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.54,0:10:06.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the jobs which become obsolete or automated\Nsimply allow humans to explore new sectors,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.29,0:10:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps even invent new industries which have\Nyet to be conceived of. Well, while this idea
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.51,0:10:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may have been partially true in the past,\Nthe argument simply doesn't hold up anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.32,0:10:24.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Computers these days are much smaller, faster\Nand durable, with ever increasing mobility,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.31,0:10:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dexterity and artificial intelligence. They\Nalso become cheaper as time goes on. Moore's
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.38,0:10:36.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,law demonstrates how computer processing power\Ndoubles approximately every eighteen months.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.13,0:10:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So even if we were to create new jobs... why\Nare we pretending we would give these jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.98,0:10:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to humans?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.50,0:10:50.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what does the government have to say about\Nall this? Well In June of 2011 not knowing
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.28,0:10:58.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what to do with the increasing unemployment,\Nthey invested ВЈ5B in the welfare to work
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.23,0:11:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scheme, also known as the work program. This\Nfive year program promises to help 2.4 million
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.02,0:11:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people, find and secure long term employment\Nby paying private companies to do the work
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.47,0:11:17.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of actually looking for jobs on behalf of\Ntheir unemployed clients.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.50,0:11:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One year later the department for work and\Npensions released the figures. Turns out the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.06,0:11:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,work program was a complete failure... only\N3.4% of all those who signed up to the program
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.44,0:11:36.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually found work. 3.4%! Let's just put\Nthat into context. What percentage of people
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.94,0:11:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking for work, gained employment without\Nthe help of the program? 1%? 2%? Well the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.16,0:11:54.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figures from the same period showed 5.5%...\NThat's right; if you are assigned to a program
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.94,0:12:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are statistically less likely to find\Na job. Now, the failure of the work program
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.72,0:12:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be largely attributed to the lack of available\Njobs, but perhaps there's another factor,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.38,0:12:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in joining the program, if you find a job,\Nyou forfeit your right to minimum wage employment
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.89,0:12:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in place you are subsidised with an amount\Nequivalent to job seekers allowance. Making
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.35,0:12:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the work program essentially a paid slavery\Nscheme, excused under the guise of gaining
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.14,0:12:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experience. In late 2012, university graduate\NCait Reilly disputed the legality of the program
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.58,0:12:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after being assigned to stacking shelves in\NPoundland. Initially the appeal was rejected;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.55,0:12:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however after further appeal by 2013 three\Njudges had ruled "the regulations, under
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.16,0:12:53.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which most of the back-to-work schemes were\Ncreated, are unlawful"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.46,0:12:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whatever the government's response to this\Nruling will be, they will not stop in their
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.48,0:13:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,efforts to resolve the threat of unemployment,\Nbut let's face it. Unemployment is not a
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.63,0:13:10.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threat to this system for the reasons we are\Nusually given by mainstream outlets. Forget
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.19,0:13:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the noise about the recession, benefit\Ncheats, immigration or this idea that people
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.90,0:13:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are simply too lazy to look for a job.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.37,0:13:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Atomisation, thus technological unemployment\Nis a mathematical inevitability of a system
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.08,0:13:34.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on perpetual growth. And this pending\Neventuality is vastly misunderstood by the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.71,0:13:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,majority. And not just the majority of voters,\Nthere isn't a single politician who acknowledges
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.43,0:13:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let alone understands the implications of\Ntechnological unemployment. And what's worse,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.18,0:13:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when human beings don't understand something,\Nthat's where fear comes from. We fear what
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.33,0:13:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't understand, and we fight what we\Ndon't understand.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.68,0:14:02.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok I have a very concrete question for you\Nbecause you're getting wrapped up in this
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.65,0:14:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,money and regulators and who is at fault.\NTechnological automation is replacing jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.55,0:14:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the moment and it has been forever, it's\Ndoubling every year, that's the rate regardless
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.52,0:14:16.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what financial system you have and what\Nregulators you put in their place. So, without
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.10,0:14:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jobs as a basis for the economy, it's not\Nreally a question more of a statement, your
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.52,0:14:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system is going to be obsolete and in fact\Nyour very lucky that you've been working
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.42,0:14:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this long because you get to get out at the\Nlast floor, its going away.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.39,0:14:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah but on the other side of the coin I fear\Nfor my children. Absolutely, absolutely so
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.43,0:14:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why are you a fan of the banks then?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.11,0:14:57.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Retail\NHigh-street
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.22,0:15:01.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In recent times high street shops have been\Ndisappearing at staggering rates, taking thousands
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.47,0:15:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of jobs with them.\N1998 - 2009 First Quench Retailing
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.60,0:15:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1909 - 2009 Woolworths\N1973 - 2011 Hawkin's Bazaar
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.50,0:15:08.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1999 - 2011 D2 Jeans\N1990 - 2011 Officers Club
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.69,0:15:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1987 - 2011 Focus DIY\N1931 - 2012 Blacks
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.60,0:15:12.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1990 - 2012 La Senza\N2008 - 2012 Best Buy Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.81,0:15:14.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1968 - 2012 Clinton Cards\N1903 - 2012 Barratts
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.29,0:15:15.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1993 - 2012 Gamestation\N1933 - 2012 Comet
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.57,0:15:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1991 - 2012 Optical Express\N1971 - 2012 JJB Sports
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.27,0:15:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1963 - 2012 Oddbins\N1992 - 2012 Game Group
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.55,0:15:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1921 - 2012 HMV\N1935 - 2013 Jessops
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.66,0:15:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1934 - 2013 Ethel Austin\N1985 - 2013 Blockbuster and more.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.44,0:15:27.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it's obvious some of these stores have\Nnot disappeared entirely. Many have moved
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.81,0:15:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into warehouse distribution and their stores\Nstill exist in the form of websites; you may
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.09,0:15:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also be wondering why I have included companies\Nlike Game in this list, since there are in
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.53,0:15:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fact GAME stores on the high street today.\NWell I do so to make a point, see in 2012
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.55,0:15:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when GAME went bust, the Swedish "Nordic Games"\Nacquiesced the GAME Group, they acquired the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.47,0:15:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brand as well as the companies stores and\Nemployee contracts. But this is actually a
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.94,0:16:02.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different company altogether. GAME wasn't\Nresurrected through strategical advertising,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.63,0:16:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,market booms or stern administrative decisions.\NThe company we all knew as "GAME" went
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.29,0:16:16.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bust... It lost. But GAME still had brand\Nstatus. If it didn't, these shops fronts
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.95,0:16:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would read "Nordic Games".
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.52,0:16:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why is there so much failure in retail?\NAre we merely witnessing the natural boom
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.11,0:16:33.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bust cycles of free market economics?\NOr are we actually witnessing a retail transition?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.33,0:16:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Looking back, our high streets were consisted\Nof small family owned businesses, but the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.42,0:16:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more companies grows, mergers and acquisitions\Nbecome inevitable and the smaller stores get
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.15,0:16:48.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,phased out as they struggle to compete for\Nmarket share, eventually being replaced by
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.17,0:16:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conglomerates.\NIn much the same way, a natural evolution
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.07,0:16:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of retail is occurring again. Only this time\Nthe shops are being phased out and the replacement
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.86,0:17:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is coming in the form of websites. And software\Napplications, which are conveniently accessible
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.28,0:17:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with smart phones, are subsequently reduce\Nour dependency on outlets such as high-street
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.98,0:17:20.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,banks, betting shops and travel agencies.\NYou've probably already witnessed technological
Dialogue: 0,0:17:20.13,0:17:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unemployment on some level. For camera and\Nfilm orientated shops like Jessops, it's
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.42,0:17:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not so hard to understand. Barely anyone with\Na modern phone is going to buy a disposable
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.72,0:17:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camera and pay money to have film developed;\Nand there probably aren't too many people
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.89,0:17:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with 8-megapixle camera phones who also require\Ndigital cameras. Due to advancing technology
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.44,0:17:52.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these stores had suddenly become "specialist\Nstores" their customers now having to mainly
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.59,0:17:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consist of serious photographers.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.08,0:18:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Entertainment\NFor music, video and games stores, there are
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.76,0:18:10.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five main threats here.\NOne -- Supermarkets, supermarkets are selling
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.72,0:18:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of the same products and most of the\Ntime cheaper.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.19,0:18:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two - On-line Stores like Amazon, they also\Noffer good deals with the added comfort twenty
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.11,0:18:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four hour browsing and of course, item delivery.\NThree - Pawn shops like cash converters, they
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.43,0:18:36.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get away with selling entertainment at a second\Nhand rate making them even cheaper than the
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.19,0:18:42.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,supermarkets.\NFour -- On-line digital downloads and streaming,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.82,0:18:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with apps like iTunes and Netflix conveniently\Naccessible through smart TV's, gaming consoles,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.66,0:18:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PC, and most phone and tablet devices. But\Nlet's not forget about five. Good old fashion
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.85,0:19:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,piracy. With the advancements of fibre optic\Nbroadband, you can now download entire movies
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.59,0:19:09.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a matter of minutes. Not that I'm suggesting\Nyou do that of course. That would be illegal.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.12,0:19:14.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just saying it's easier and faster\Nthan going to the shops, waiting on the post
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.10,0:19:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,man or signing in the Netflix account on the\NPS3. As an aside, if any part of you is enraged
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.61,0:19:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the thought of all these immoral people\Nillegally sharing media. Why not aim some
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.86,0:19:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that authentic aggression at the idea of\Na society which distributes digital entertainment
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.14,0:19:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in physical form. The wastefulness of this\Nwould be equivalent to having a unique physical
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.86,0:19:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,address in order to access each and every\Nwebsite in existence. But perhaps you li the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.06,0:19:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic cases... and what's wrong with the\Nplastic cases? Well, the case itself is made
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.66,0:19:57.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from polypropylene, while the clear film sleeve\Nis made from polyester. By bonding these different
Dialogue: 0,0:19:57.15,0:20:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic materials together, it makes them\Nalmost impossible to properly recycle on large
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.35,0:20:09.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scale, so when the plastic rips, breaks or\Neven just gets old and wasted.. They have
Dialogue: 0,0:20:09.58,0:20:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be either buried in landfills or incinerated\Nwhich of course produces toxic chemicals.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.28,0:20:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is the system we support by the way\Nwe choose to purchase entertainment, despite
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.90,0:20:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having had the possibility of digital alternatives\Nfor over a decade.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:28.66,0:20:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Asking people to shop in these stores is asking\Nus to live in an unnatural counter progressive
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.40,0:20:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,way.\NSo perhaps the failure of these stores is
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.13,0:20:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a good thing. But good or bad, a digital acquisition\Nis upon us and the failures of these stores
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.50,0:20:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are simply a matter of time. And yes, even\Nif they sell their brand status, they are
Dialogue: 0,0:20:55.82,0:20:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,failing. Nordic GAME won't be too far behind\Neither.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:59.51,0:21:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what about book stores like Waterstones?\NWell the increase of tablets and e-book readers
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.46,0:21:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,certainly poses a threat. However I can imagine\Nthe feel of a book, which people are oh so
Dialogue: 0,0:21:12.85,0:21:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nostalgic about, will be used as a "justification"\Nargument for the continued stifling of a successful
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.15,0:21:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,digital transition. But, even without a digital\Nalternative, Waterstone's in particular
Dialogue: 0,0:21:25.64,0:21:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is facing the same threat of on-line distribution\Nas well as competition from supermarkets.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.09,0:21:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As are almost all product based stores - products\Nto do with body care, cosmetics, clothing,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.65,0:21:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mobile phones, electronic appliances and even\Nmusical equipment. However there is an argument
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.79,0:21:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be made that physical stores are different,\Nperhaps better than a website or a supermarket,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.41,0:21:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that they provide "knowledgeable staff".\NPerhaps you're not sure what product is
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.98,0:22:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,best for you. In these shops, you can interact\Nwith friendly sales people who are qualified
Dialogue: 0,0:22:01.22,0:22:07.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to offer advice and help you make the right\Ndecision. Well, while it is true that retail
Dialogue: 0,0:22:07.37,0:22:11.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,employees are trained to help customers and\Nthey are required to have a certain level
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.54,0:22:16.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of knowledge about the product. They also\Nhave something which no one really questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:16.89,0:22:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sales targets, either the staff or the store\Nitself will have target requirements. If i
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.70,0:22:28.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wandered into a phone shop unsure of what\Nto buy and make the mistake of telling the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.71,0:22:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sales person that I'm not too familiar with\Nthe differences I leave myself open to a product
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.38,0:22:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sale bias, in this scenario the store has\Nno problems selling the "best" products.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.31,0:22:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So instead I might be presented with an inferior\Nproduct which the store is struggling to offload,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:45.56,0:22:52.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sales person's job here becomes distorted,\Nand I the customer will most likely be subjected
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.46,0:22:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an eager sales pitch as opposed to honest\Ninsight.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.30,0:22:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You are going to get whats ever in this box\Nfor ВЈ24.99 Oh No! NO! He's put three bottles
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.85,0:23:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of "sex in the City" for twenty six pounds\Nninety nine! At thirty six quid each! You
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.67,0:23:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need to buy...\NBoys please! Please!
Dialogue: 0,0:23:13.93,0:23:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No! NO! No! NO! You need to buy now.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:20.32,0:23:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our current system, money is the driving\Nforce and as such the advice and intent to
Dialogue: 0,0:23:27.75,0:23:34.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,help a consumer make the right decision, is\Nonly a conditionality when required. But the
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.26,0:23:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,main priority is always profit.\NI know this is designed for kids, we've...
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.59,0:23:44.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've had some fun with this thing.\NThis is amazing, whats so great about this
Dialogue: 0,0:23:44.45,0:23:49.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is kids love tablets, they love playing with\Ntablets, they love the games, the love the
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.89,0:23:54.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,educational games but mom and dad want them\Nto be safe, they want them they want to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:54.31,0:24:01.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ya know everything on, but ya know... its...mmmm\NYou ok? Ok...
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.21,0:24:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What it does is it gives us an opportunity\Nfor us to be able to offer a piece of electronic
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.01,0:24:17.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,equipment that is simple for children to operate\Nbut also, mom and dad can operate it as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.91,0:24:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At ВЈ149.94 the secret of it is that it has\Nall the technology that mom and dad's tablet
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.91,0:24:29.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has, it's got the android operating system\N4.0, it's got all.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:29.27,0:24:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, had we instead used the internet as a\Nguide, either through social media or public
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.19,0:24:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forums, we would obtain better and more accurate\Nadvice. The usefulness of these "sales people"
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.93,0:24:47.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we have all grown accustomed to, pale\Nin comparison to the advice found on-line...
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.90,0:24:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rating systems found on public forums\Nare in fact designed to weed out any bad or
Dialogue: 0,0:24:53.08,0:25:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incorrect information and without it we are\Nall vulnerable to the biases, lies and manipulation
Dialogue: 0,0:25:00.70,0:25:05.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of self-righteous profit seekers.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:05.33,0:25:09.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But perhaps there's another element to the\Nphysical shopping experience that I'm missing?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:09.45,0:25:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about the clothing shops? I have to admit\Neven I thought they wouldn't be as affected
Dialogue: 0,0:25:15.09,0:25:21.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by on-line alternatives for the simple fact\Nthat most people like to try before they buy.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:21.56,0:25:27.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who buys clothes without trying them on first?\NWell, I mean... I do but maybe that's because
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.43,0:25:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a guy... When i buy a t-shirt i look\Nfor the ones with the big "L" and they
Dialogue: 0,0:25:32.07,0:25:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,never let me down... Maybe being male i don't\Nhave to account for boob size when evaluating
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.35,0:25:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comfort. But surly women don't prefer buying\Non-line without getting to try the clothes
Dialogue: 0,0:25:43.23,0:25:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on first? Well, surprisingly when women's\Nclothing store "Internacionale" launched their
Dialogue: 0,0:25:49.48,0:25:55.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on-line store in 2012. They took in more profit\Nin that one day from the website than all
Dialogue: 0,0:25:55.32,0:26:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their retail outlets combined. That surprised\Nme. Clothing doesn't seem to have any intrinsic
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.09,0:26:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immunity to the threat of on-line alternatives.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.84,0:26:14.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking a look at retail outside of on-line\Nthreats, perhaps there is also something to
Dialogue: 0,0:26:14.27,0:26:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be said about specialist shops in times of\Nrecession, shops which specialise in ties
Dialogue: 0,0:26:20.12,0:26:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for instance or underwear, shoes, jeans, suits,\Nexercise clothing and outdoor clothing. If
Dialogue: 0,0:26:28.71,0:26:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had a store dedicated to just socks. would\Nthat work? Maybe in these hard times it's
Dialogue: 0,0:26:35.28,0:26:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not surprising why all-in-one stores like\NPrimark seem to be staying afloat. You want
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.87,0:26:47.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a shirt? Primark. You want a dress? Primark.\Nshoes, costume jewellery, candles, cushions,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:49.66,0:26:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towels....even a mankini!? And the comfort\Nof finding everything under one roof also
Dialogue: 0,0:26:55.21,0:27:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stretches out to supermarkets. And speaking\Nof supermarkets, what happened when they began
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.61,0:27:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to implement self-service tills? In this Tesco's\Nthe nine items or less section has been completely
Dialogue: 0,0:27:07.60,0:27:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,replaced with self-scanning. So now, only\None job is required to assist those unfamiliar
Dialogue: 0,0:27:13.86,0:27:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the process or those trying to purchase\Nitems which require age verification. When
Dialogue: 0,0:27:20.27,0:27:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this technology extends to the larger conveyor\Nbelt sections as it has been in pockets. or
Dialogue: 0,0:27:25.77,0:27:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more importantly, when high street stores\Nlike Primark adopt self-serving systems, Retail
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.23,0:27:36.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will undergo yet another transitionary phase\Nresulting in thousands of redundancies and
Dialogue: 0,0:27:36.59,0:27:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these job losses will not be temporary, for\Nonce this process is in place there is no
Dialogue: 0,0:27:42.05,0:27:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reasonable argument to go back to having lines\Nof paid humans who are in fact now more expensive
Dialogue: 0,0:27:47.82,0:27:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the long run... and this new self-service\Nrevolution doesn't end there...
Dialogue: 0,0:28:00.42,0:28:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vending
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.32,0:28:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,General convenience stores are now entirely\Nreplaceable with vending machine kiosks.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:08.44,0:28:14.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A company called "Shop 24" has over 190\Nlocations in Europe and they have already
Dialogue: 0,0:28:14.39,0:28:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,begun UK implementation, and as the name suggests,\Nthese vending stores are open all hours, giving
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.70,0:28:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them an even greater advantage over conventional\Nhuman required methods. Vending machine stores
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.98,0:28:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will also start to crop up in the form of\Nsweet shops and "on-the-go" cuisine, offering
Dialogue: 0,0:28:33.20,0:28:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hot drinks, soft drinks, desserts, chips,\Nnoodles, hot dogs and even pizza. Complete
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.58,0:28:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vending machine integration of cafГ©s and\Nlunch bars are on the horizon, as well as
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.80,0:28:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,local pubs consisting of alcohol, cigarette\Nand "pub food" vending. The only human
Dialogue: 0,0:28:54.10,0:29:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,required job here would be a moderator/bouncer\Nhybrid, ensuring no one under the legal drinking
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.44,0:29:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,age gains access. But even the need for human\Nage verification is threatened by technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.88,0:29:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today we have the "iSample", a vending\Nmachine developed by Intel & Krafts with built
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.59,0:29:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in optical sensors it is capable of reading\Nthe face and determining gender and age, all
Dialogue: 0,0:29:21.27,0:29:22.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within a fraction of a second.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:22.81,0:29:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pawn Shops\NEarlier I mentioned pawn shops such as Cash
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.62,0:29:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Converters and it's interesting to know\Nhow these shops actually tend to profit in
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.99,0:29:36.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,times of economic recession, for the more\Nwe struggle to get by, the more likely we
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.51,0:29:42.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are to entertain leasing our goods at interest,\Ndespite the risk of losing them if we fail
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.35,0:29:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to buy them back within a certain time constraint.\NHowever there are items which we would pawn
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.09,0:29:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with no intention of buying back and I guess\Nfor that area of sales more and more people
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.07,0:29:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are now turning to eBay.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.72,0:30:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how about charity shops? I believe they\Nhave longevity as they provide a unique service.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.06,0:30:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have old clothes or trinkets which\Nyou no longer need, but don't feel they
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.67,0:30:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are valuable enough for the likes of eBay,\Ncharity shop donations are a morally viable
Dialogue: 0,0:30:12.74,0:30:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,way of discarding items no longer needed.\NAnd this product "recycling" process is
Dialogue: 0,0:30:18.04,0:30:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far less wasteful than taking your old things\Nto the skip. However, we are focusing on the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.89,0:30:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relevance of a job loss and its effects on\Nthe economy. Since most charity shops are
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.92,0:30:34.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run by volunteers and their profits are in\Nsome part donated to charity, I fail to see
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.72,0:30:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their economic relevance here.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.38,0:30:43.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Throughout the high street the only shops\Nwhich seem to have immunity are the ones which
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.91,0:30:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,require actual human performed services, such\Nas tattooing or hair dressing. But just for
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.82,0:30:57.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fun, let's see if tattoo artists really\Nare impervious to automation. In 2012, a guy
Dialogue: 0,0:30:57.18,0:31:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,named Chris Eckert developed the Auto Ink\Ntattoo machine. Now, for demonstration purposes
Dialogue: 0,0:31:03.87,0:31:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it uses a ball point pen instead of a needle,\Nhowever the implication of this machines potential
Dialogue: 0,0:31:10.45,0:31:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is obvious. If it were ever to take off pre-programmed\Ndesigns could eliminate the need for any human
Dialogue: 0,0:31:15.76,0:31:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,involvement in the tattooing process.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:19.52,0:31:26.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earlier I highlighted the fact that a lot\Nof high street stores now occupy warehouses
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.12,0:31:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sell their products on-line. This may\Nlead some of you to assume that the economy
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.07,0:31:37.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will at least be helped in some part with\Nall these new warehouse jobs. Well it seems
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.47,0:31:44.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even these jobs are under attack, for example,\NAmazon is the world's largest online retailer
Dialogue: 0,0:31:44.54,0:31:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and currently has twelve fulfilment centres\Nacross the UK. But in May of 2012 Amazon purchased
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.36,0:31:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the American "Kiva Systems" for seven\Nhundred and seventy five million dollars.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.38,0:32:03.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is Kiva? Kiva is an autonomous robot\Nwhich uses optical sensors to navigate through
Dialogue: 0,0:32:03.06,0:32:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a warehouse. It reads inventory items as bits\Nof digital information which is then organised
Dialogue: 0,0:32:08.94,0:32:13.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through complex algorithms in much the same\Nway that Google organizes web pages. They
Dialogue: 0,0:32:13.95,0:32:20.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can pick, pack, and ship anything sold online\Nfaster and for a lot less money than a human.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.56,0:32:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These efficiencies allow Kiva to gather goods\Nwithin minutes of an order, allowing the remaining
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.89,0:32:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human workers to ship up to four times more\Npackages in an hour. Similarly, the Spanish
Dialogue: 0,0:32:33.45,0:32:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Bonnysa" Group have incorporated two\Nautomised facilities. The first stores products
Dialogue: 0,0:32:38.78,0:32:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,directly as they are unloaded from delivery\Nvehicles, guaranteeing complete control and
Dialogue: 0,0:32:43.75,0:32:49.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traceability of goods, and in the second,\Nonce products have been calibrated and classified,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:49.42,0:32:54.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are placed on double depth shelving which\Nallows for twice the storage capacity without
Dialogue: 0,0:32:54.20,0:32:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having to increase the amount of stacker cranes\Nused. Since Bonnysa switched to using the
Dialogue: 0,0:32:58.80,0:33:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,high-speed automised facilities they have\Neliminated the need for human operator intervention
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.59,0:33:09.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have increased their product control and\Nwarehouse security to the extent that output
Dialogue: 0,0:33:09.59,0:33:16.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is now five times the amount of a conventional\Nwarehouse.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:25.01,0:33:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Manufacturing\NAccording to the Organisation for Economic
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.31,0:33:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Co-operation and Development the manufacturing\Nsector's share of both employment and GDP
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.49,0:33:50.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has gradually declined since the sixty's,\Nalthough manufacturing output in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:33:50.21,0:33:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both production and value has steadily increased\Nsince 1945. The reason of course is technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.85,0:34:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and looking at the production of an automobile\Nit's easy to see why we prefer using machines.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.93,0:34:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If these trends continue it is not far-fetched\Nto think most if not all factory workers will
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.63,0:34:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually be replaced by machines. Now, there's\Nthree main reasons as to why factory automation
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.53,0:34:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has yet to be fully integrated across the\Nboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.34,0:34:23.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One: Vulnerability: An automated system usually\Nhas to be pre-programed for each specific
Dialogue: 0,0:34:23.97,0:34:28.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,task which makes them susceptible to committing\Nerrors outside of their immediate scope of
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.90,0:34:35.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowledge. This makes them typically unable\Nto apply simple rules of logic to general
Dialogue: 0,0:34:35.01,0:34:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,propositions. However, machines today have\Nfar more mobility and dexterity than ever
Dialogue: 0,0:34:41.31,0:34:48.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imagined and instead of having to be preprogramed\Nfor each motion, machines are gradually gaining
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.04,0:34:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,autonomy, being able to detect objects and\Npredict movement. The second reason is due
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.14,0:35:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to unpredictable, excessive developmental\Ncosts. The research and development cost of
Dialogue: 0,0:35:01.18,0:35:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automating a specific task, can often exceed\Nthe cost saved by the automation itself. The
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.72,0:35:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,third reason also has to do with affordability,\Nhigh initial costs. Automating a new product
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.03,0:35:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,requires an initial investment which is usually\Nquite expensive when compared with the unit
Dialogue: 0,0:35:17.88,0:35:22.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cost of the product, even though the cost\Nof automation may be spread among many products
Dialogue: 0,0:35:22.41,0:35:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over time. The decision to automate is therefore\Nreserved for products which have proven to
Dialogue: 0,0:35:28.43,0:35:33.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be profitable and unlikely to change, as any\Nalterations could require the re-programing
Dialogue: 0,0:35:33.79,0:35:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of machines.\NThese three problems have been an issue since
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.76,0:35:45.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factory automation began, but as time goes\Non, the machines improve and the cost of automating
Dialogue: 0,0:35:45.01,0:35:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,declines. For simple assembly line tasks,\Nit's certainly been cheaper to have human
Dialogue: 0,0:35:49.58,0:35:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,workers. However, in mid-2012, an American\Ncompany called "Rethink Robotics" launched
Dialogue: 0,0:35:55.98,0:36:02.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Baxter robot. Baxter is a revolution in\Nassembly line manufacturing as it can be programed
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.14,0:36:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to perform a multitude of tasks and the best\Npart is you don't even have to be a programmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:08.96,0:36:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Simply grab his arms, guide him through the\Nmotions of the required task and then leave
Dialogue: 0,0:36:13.00,0:36:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,him to get on with it. If another task is\Nrequired later on, simply grab his arms again
Dialogue: 0,0:36:18.70,0:36:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and re-program the motions. Baxter is currently\Non the market for around fourteen thousand
Dialogue: 0,0:36:23.86,0:36:29.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pounds which is an extremely affordable initial\Ninvestment cost and taking into account the
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.01,0:36:34.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,average life span it works for less than three\Npounds an hour, twenty four hours a day, seven
Dialogue: 0,0:36:34.62,0:36:41.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,days a week and doesn't require tea breaks.\NThis robot is set to revolutionise the entire
Dialogue: 0,0:36:41.33,0:36:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,manufacturing industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.20,0:36:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Application\NAside from factory jobs being replaced by
Dialogue: 0,0:36:49.31,0:36:54.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machines, there are many products today which\Nare quickly becoming altogether irrelevant.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.72,0:36:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those of us with smart phones and tablets,\Nthe following examples may appear too obvious
Dialogue: 0,0:36:59.68,0:37:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to require a detailed analysis. But for those\Nof you who have yet to acknowledge this trend,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:05.70,0:37:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's take a look at the implied future\Nof the smart phone "App". Currently Apps
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.45,0:37:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are in the process of killing a vast range\Nof physical products. Most obviously, paper
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.30,0:37:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,products; novels, comic books, cook books,\Npuzzle books, phone books & yellow pages,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:23.28,0:37:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dictionaries, encyclopaedias, magazines, newspapers,\Nshopping catalogues, road maps, photo albums,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:28.26,0:37:34.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calendars, diaries and of course, many products\Nassociated with stationary. Then there are
Dialogue: 0,0:37:34.73,0:37:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electrical products such as calculators, radios,\Nalarm clocks, camcorders, voice recorders,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.52,0:37:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remote controls, karaoke machines, guitar\Ntuners, amplifiers and effects peddles, GPS
Dialogue: 0,0:37:46.49,0:37:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,navigation, video game cartridges and even\Nboard games are having their physical necessity
Dialogue: 0,0:37:51.41,0:37:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,challenged by software.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:53.34,0:38:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Personal Computer\NNow what about desktop computers? Most people
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.08,0:38:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only really use their PC's for surfing the\Nweb, socialising, listening to music and watching
Dialogue: 0,0:38:06.77,0:38:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,videos. All of which can now be done on those\Nsame smart phones and tablets. PC's, while
Dialogue: 0,0:38:13.05,0:38:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not disappearing entirely, will decline in\Nnumbers because of this, effecting many jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.60,0:38:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associated with producing not only the computers\Nthemselves, but think of all those peripheral
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.28,0:38:29.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devices associated with them, the keyboard,\Nmouse and webcam. As well as hardware components
Dialogue: 0,0:38:29.92,0:38:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as ram chips and graphics cards.\NNow, this might seem overly pessimistic. However
Dialogue: 0,0:38:38.28,0:38:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a survey by the International Data Corporation\Nshowed tablets to account for a third of all
Dialogue: 0,0:38:43.23,0:38:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computing sales in 2012 and even Microsoft\Nare acknowledging the inevitable outcome,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.67,0:38:53.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with the advent of 4G wireless networking\Nwhich allows for high speed internet on our
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.87,0:38:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mobile devices, we can now use applications\Nlike Skype and Face time to make phone calls
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.75,0:39:05.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to and from anywhere in the world for free,\Nthe implication being the demise of traditional
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.90,0:39:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,land line phones and mobile tariffs. British\NTelecom has been preparing for this and have
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.19,0:39:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already launched their cloud network.\NNow, digital alternatives may not yet be adopted
Dialogue: 0,0:39:18.67,0:39:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the majority, perhaps mostly because of\Nnostalgia rather than efficiency. But the
Dialogue: 0,0:39:24.06,0:39:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,children of the future are not going to care\Nabout the toys of the past.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:29.67,0:39:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Media Products & Appliances\NVHS, CD and DVD players as well as free-view,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:40.40,0:39:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sky and virgin media boxes are all facing\Nredundancy by the advancements of the smart
Dialogue: 0,0:39:46.71,0:39:53.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TV. Why? Because smart TV's stream content\Nfrom the internet, making it possible for
Dialogue: 0,0:39:54.20,0:40:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sky and virgin media to exist entirely in\Napp form. So what of all those lavish book,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:03.02,0:40:09.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CD and DVD collections which most of us equate\Nto our status and identity? These erroneous
Dialogue: 0,0:40:09.64,0:40:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,collections are no longer optimal as we now\Nhave digital media libraries, with the likes
Dialogue: 0,0:40:14.94,0:40:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of iTunes and iBooks. And when digital libraries\Nare rehomed to our TV's as well as our phones
Dialogue: 0,0:40:21.42,0:40:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and tablets. Just as VHS collections were\Nphased out by the improved format of the DVD,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.42,0:40:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our current wasteful, vanity orientated physical\Nmedia collections will be phased out and replaced
Dialogue: 0,0:40:35.66,0:40:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with non-physical digital formats, alongside\Ntheir required physical media players. In
Dialogue: 0,0:40:42.87,0:40:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fact, in January of 2013, tech giant "Philips"\Ngave in and sold their home entertainment
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.97,0:40:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appliances division and now only producing\Ncoffee machines, juicer's, toasters and
Dialogue: 0,0:40:55.93,0:40:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electric razors.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:57.31,0:41:02.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rise of high speed fibre optic broadband\Nwill also extend the extinction of irrelevant
Dialogue: 0,0:41:02.13,0:41:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,peripherals to Blu-ray players and video game\Nconsoles. That's right, even video games
Dialogue: 0,0:41:08.42,0:41:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be played via internet streaming. Sound\Nfar-fetched? Well Sony entertainment doesn't
Dialogue: 0,0:41:14.44,0:41:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think so. In July of 2012 they spent $380\Nmillion purchasing the cloud-based video game
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.86,0:41:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,streaming network "Gaika". Even Xbox co-founder\NNat Brown has expressed his concerns over
Dialogue: 0,0:41:27.61,0:41:33.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the implications of Apple entering the games\Nindustry, acknowledging the potential of their
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.11,0:41:39.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already established infrastructure to easily\Nreplace the Xbox, Playstation and Nintendo
Dialogue: 0,0:41:39.54,0:41:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consoles.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:41.90,0:41:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D-Printing\NNow, obviously there are many physical products
Dialogue: 0,0:41:48.25,0:41:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the market which aren't threatened by\Ndigital downloading.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:53.32,0:41:58.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However in October of 2012, the city of London\Nwas host to the world's first-ever consumer
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.89,0:42:05.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D print show, displaying how 3D printing\Ncan allow consumers to download and print
Dialogue: 0,0:42:05.79,0:42:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a vast range of products as and when they\Nneed them. This is not merely a glimpse into
Dialogue: 0,0:42:12.28,0:42:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a hypothetical future; 3D printers can already\Nbuild products from a range of materials including
Dialogue: 0,0:42:18.92,0:42:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic, chocolate, glass, concrete and even\Nmetal. So what products could be printed?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.13,0:42:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, just about any basic household items\Nfrom plates, bowls, mugs, bottles, cutlery,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:32.98,0:42:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tupperware, lamp shades, photo frames, furniture,\Nmusical instruments, figurines, even a wrench
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.27,0:42:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,printed with fully moving parts. So you may\Nbe wondering just how far in the future 3D
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.30,0:42:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,printing is, and how expensive these things\Nare going to be? Well let's look at the
Dialogue: 0,0:42:53.10,0:42:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rep-Rap project. Rep-Rap is a self-replicating\N3D printer. Meaning it can print most of its
Dialogue: 0,0:42:59.77,0:43:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own parts, so if you have one, you can make\Nanother one. And the great thing about rep-rap
Dialogue: 0,0:43:04.50,0:43:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it is open source, meaning its design\Nis not owned or constrained by copy write.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:10.79,0:43:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's completely free for anyone to use and\Nimprove. Today, 3D printers can be purchased
Dialogue: 0,0:43:17.06,0:43:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from open source groups like reprap and fab@home,\Nor commercially through pp3dp.com & cubify.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:26.24,0:43:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps you don't have the room for a home\N3D printer? Well there is the option of ordering
Dialogue: 0,0:43:31.60,0:43:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D printed products online through services\Nsuch as shapeways, sculpteo and i.materialise.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:38.90,0:43:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Companies can also employ the mass producing\Nof 3D printed products through organizations
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.17,0:43:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as Thingiverse and kraftwurx.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:46.74,0:43:52.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world of 3D printing is huge and it's\Nhere today. And just like every other technological
Dialogue: 0,0:43:52.46,0:43:58.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advancement - as time goes on these things\Nwill become more and more affordable. And
Dialogue: 0,0:43:58.05,0:44:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every company which currently produces all\Nthose house hold items will simply become
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.08,0:44:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,financially unsustainable.\NPay It Forward
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.42,0:44:17.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A group called PIF3D aim to exploit the replicating\Nability of RepRap by taking the machine to
Dialogue: 0,0:44:17.64,0:44:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,universities and hosting twenty-four hour\N3D printing parties, where they give people
Dialogue: 0,0:44:22.24,0:44:27.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the skills to build one of these things. The\Nobjective being that those people can "Pay
Dialogue: 0,0:44:27.14,0:44:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it forward". Once they have built two or\Nthree RepRap printers, they repeat the process
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.74,0:44:38.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of taking it to schools and showing others\Nhow to make their own, and the process repeats.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.44,0:44:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea of paying it forward could easily\Nspread like wildfire. Meaning just about everyone
Dialogue: 0,0:44:44.29,0:44:51.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world could own a 3D printer for next\Nto nothing. Now, as 3D-Printers become more
Dialogue: 0,0:44:51.02,0:44:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mainstream, there will most likely be attempts\Nto patent certain design elements and sell
Dialogue: 0,0:44:55.93,0:45:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each downloadable product commercially. However\Nonce a product is on a CAD file, there's
Dialogue: 0,0:45:03.29,0:45:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no real reason 3D designs would be immune\Nto internet piracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:10.67,0:45:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Transport
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.21,0:45:20.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Around 2.5% of the UK population have jobs\Nwhich require a driving licence.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:42.54,0:45:48.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first autonomous driverless vehicle was\Ndeveloped by, Sebastian Thrun director of
Dialogue: 0,0:45:48.32,0:45:48.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory\Nand co-inventor of Google Street View. In
Dialogue: 0,0:45:48.40,0:45:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2005 the Google car won the DARPA Grand Challenge\Nand since then, Google have been developing
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.61,0:46:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a commercial system.\NHowever progress has been held back due to
Dialogue: 0,0:46:20.61,0:46:22.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,legal liabilities, for example if there was\Nan accident, who would be at fault? The car
Dialogue: 0,0:46:22.37,0:46:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,owner? the manufacturer? What if the accident\Nwas a result of a lost signal? Would the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.75,0:46:32.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,providers be accountable? Filtering through\Nlegislation is a lengthy process, but they've
Dialogue: 0,0:46:32.60,0:46:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come a long way.\NIn August 2012, the Google team announced
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.25,0:46:41.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they have completed over 300,000 miles\Nof autonomous-driving, all without a single
Dialogue: 0,0:46:41.29,0:46:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accident. Nevada, Florida and California all\Npassed laws allowing driverless cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.94,0:46:44.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although it's hard to invasion a timeline,\Nthe remaining united states and the UK will
Dialogue: 0,0:46:44.02,0:46:51.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually pass similar legislations, and\Ndriverless cars will explode on to the market.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:54.08,0:47:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As well as the American based Google car which\Nmost of us are probably aware of, there is
Dialogue: 0,0:47:04.27,0:47:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also a German creation from "autonomous\Nlabs" at the Free University of Berlin.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.37,0:47:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The project has already been given approval\Nto run a driverless taxi services throughout
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.29,0:47:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Berlin and Brandenburg.\NFor those of you who feel hesitant about assigning
Dialogue: 0,0:47:11.04,0:47:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the control of your vehicle to a machine,\Nknow that the kiva systems mentioned earlier
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.58,0:47:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have essentially the same autonomy, and they\Ntoo have yet to witness a single accident.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:29.01,0:47:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Compare that with the UK's current yearly\Nrates of 3,000 motor vehicle incidents resulting
Dialogue: 0,0:47:36.17,0:47:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fatalities, 35,000 resulting serious accidents\Nand a total 276,000 severities. Clearly it
Dialogue: 0,0:47:44.88,0:47:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be societally irresponsible to maintain\Nhuman drivers while the safer option is available.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.59,0:48:02.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in making a safer society all jobs associated\Nwith public transport and delivery of goods,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:11.63,0:48:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be achieved without human involvement.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:25.07,0:48:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Agriculture\NDairy
Dialogue: 0,0:48:29.55,0:48:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,GEA farm technologies' provides technological\Nsolutions to livestock farming, including
Dialogue: 0,0:48:39.62,0:48:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the development of a fully automatic milking\Nsystem for dairy farms. Dairy cows are guided
Dialogue: 0,0:48:45.56,0:48:52.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into these Mi1 milking units, the cows electronic\Ntag is identified and their pre-allocated
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.16,0:48:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amount of food is dispensed. A 3D camera scans\Nand identifies the udders, then attaches to
Dialogue: 0,0:49:00.33,0:49:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the t-cups. It washes dries and pre-milks\Nthe cows. This amazing technology reduces
Dialogue: 0,0:49:07.18,0:49:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,labour, increases milk production, lowers\Nstress of both the cows and farmers, and electric
Dialogue: 0,0:49:13.85,0:49:20.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tagging allows for the ability to manage cows\Nindividually. So when is this technology being
Dialogue: 0,0:49:22.17,0:49:29.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,implemented? Well looking at the UK alone,\Nit's actually already been in use since
Dialogue: 0,0:49:32.11,0:49:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2011.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:33.29,0:49:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Precision Farming\NEGNOS Precision Farming is a system which
Dialogue: 0,0:49:41.81,0:49:47.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses GPS guidance technology for crop cultivation.\NThe auto track technology sends signals to
Dialogue: 0,0:49:47.77,0:49:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tractors steering system via a GPS receiver.\NThe resulting navigation is so precise that
Dialogue: 0,0:49:54.30,0:50:00.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Farmers can actually treat soil and crops\Nin a site specific manner and ensure optimum
Dialogue: 0,0:50:00.59,0:50:06.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chemical doses are applied to the right places.\NThe system has been shown to cut costs on
Dialogue: 0,0:50:06.03,0:50:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fertilisation and fuel, reducing the environmental\Nimpact, and because the tractors steer themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:50:12.90,0:50:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it also reduces operator fatigue. As you've\Nprobably already guessed, it is only a matter
Dialogue: 0,0:50:18.29,0:50:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of time before these tractors are also equipped\Nwith autonomous driving technology, spelling
Dialogue: 0,0:50:24.26,0:50:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the end of this particular human required\Ntask and allowing for the full automation
Dialogue: 0,0:50:30.01,0:50:31.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of crop cultivation.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.61,0:50:38.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vertical farming\NBut why limit crop cultivation to fields?
Dialogue: 0,0:50:40.46,0:50:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1999 a professor of environmental health\Nsciences at Columbia University in New York,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:45.44,0:50:50.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dickson Despommier challenged his students\Nto feed the entire population of Manhattan
Dialogue: 0,0:50:50.13,0:50:57.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using 13 acres of usable rooftop gardens.\NThe class calculated that only 2% of all the
Dialogue: 0,0:50:57.32,0:51:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people could be fed using this method. Unsatisfied\Nwith the results, Despommier made an off-the-cuff
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.93,0:51:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suggestion of growing plants indoors and vertically.\NThe idea sparked interests and by 2001 the
Dialogue: 0,0:51:10.79,0:51:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first outline of a vertical farm was introduced.\NToday scientists, architects, and \Ninvestors worldwide are working together to
Dialogue: 0,0:51:24.05,0:51:31.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make the concept of vertical farming a reality.\NUnlike, traditional agriculture, a controlled
Dialogue: 0,0:51:44.88,0:51:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indoor environment is not susceptible to crop\Nloss from severe weather conditions nor is
Dialogue: 0,0:51:50.11,0:51:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it limited by seasonal crop production.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:54.42,0:51:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using the method of hydroponics which doesn't\Nrequire soil, water is preserved in a closed
Dialogue: 0,0:51:59.53,0:52:06.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,loop system, eliminating the concern of agricultural\Nrunoff, and since it is continually recycled,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:07.76,0:52:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the total water usage is 70% less than current\Nrequirements. Without soil this system is
Dialogue: 0,0:52:13.14,0:52:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immune to pesticides, meaning we could also\Ndo away with having to spray agrochemicals
Dialogue: 0,0:52:18.08,0:52:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on our food.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:22.00,0:52:28.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those of you sceptical about the limitations\Nof hydroponic farming, here is a list of already
Dialogue: 0,0:52:28.01,0:52:35.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commercially available products from hydroponically\Nproduced plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:39.96,0:52:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Health Care\NCardiology
Dialogue: 0,0:53:05.34,0:53:10.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Up next it sounds like science fiction but\NDr Nancy Snyderman reports on how your smart
Dialogue: 0,0:53:10.63,0:53:17.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,phone may change medicine including warning\Nyou of a heart attack. By modifying an iPhone
Dialogue: 0,0:53:21.64,0:53:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with this ECG attachment and using the AliveECG\Napp, your heart rate, temperature, oxygen
Dialogue: 0,0:53:29.19,0:53:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and fluid levels can all be recorded with\Nthe results directly upload able to your Cardiologist.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:34.94,0:53:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blood, saliva, urine and even sweat can all\Nbe tested with this device. Combined with
Dialogue: 0,0:53:40.42,0:53:47.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a wireless ultrasound, full physical check-ups\Ncan be carried out remotely from anywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:53:47.09,0:53:50.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world.\NThere's twenty million, over twenty million
Dialogue: 0,0:53:50.81,0:53:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,echocardiograms done a year. That's twenty\Nmillion times eight hundred dollars that's
Dialogue: 0,0:53:55.38,0:54:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of money. Probably seventy to eighty\Npercent we can get rid of, just by having
Dialogue: 0,0:54:00.69,0:54:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this part of the physical exam.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:04.36,0:54:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Medicine\NAs for prescription medicine, perhaps the
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.35,0:54:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biggest threat is not with technology but\Nrather in the curing of illnesses. Fifteen
Dialogue: 0,0:54:14.54,0:54:19.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year veteran of the pharmaceutical industry\NGwen Olsen, stated "the pharmaceutical industry
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.20,0:54:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is in the business of disease maintenance\Nand symptoms management, The are not in the
Dialogue: 0,0:54:24.25,0:54:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,business of curing cancer, Alzheimer's or\Nheart disease, because if they were, they
Dialogue: 0,0:54:30.09,0:54:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be in the business of putting themselves\Nout of business."
Dialogue: 0,0:54:34.54,0:54:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those of you who doubt the medical establishment\Nwould knowingly put profitability ahead of
Dialogue: 0,0:54:38.67,0:54:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually helping people, you need look for\Nno further evidence than a 2002 UK clinical
Dialogue: 0,0:54:44.56,0:54:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trial which found most anti-depressants to\Nbe as effective as sugar pills, giving the
Dialogue: 0,0:54:50.88,0:54:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effects of a working drug through nothing\Nmore than a placebo.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:55.45,0:55:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not hard to see why the medical industry\Nwould chose to promote the constant reselling
Dialogue: 0,0:55:01.67,0:55:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of pharmaceuticals. If for example a cure\Nfor cancer was discovered and adopted by the
Dialogue: 0,0:55:07.38,0:55:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mainstream, it would cause considerable losses\Nin profits generated through radiotherapy,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:13.13,0:55:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chemotherapy, hormone therapy, gene therapy\Nand Immunotherapy. Not to mention the surgical
Dialogue: 0,0:55:19.77,0:55:25.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,costs of removing tumours. So, what does it\Nmean for their industry when a fifteen year
Dialogue: 0,0:55:25.35,0:55:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old boy from Maryland, discovers a new way\Nof detecting cancer? Which studies have shown
Dialogue: 0,0:55:30.00,0:55:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be potentially 99% accurate, 168 times\Nfaster and 26,000 times cheaper than our current
Dialogue: 0,0:55:38.64,0:55:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,methods? Make no mistake, this amazing achievement,\Nwill be seen by the cancer profiteers as a
Dialogue: 0,0:55:45.28,0:55:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blow to the industry. But regardless of their\Nsomewhat corrupt profit driven mentality,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:51.72,0:55:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology moves on and even when pharmaceuticals\Nare the only option. Technology is yet again
Dialogue: 0,0:55:58.84,0:56:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,providing solutions.\NOrganic Chemists make molecules very complicated
Dialogue: 0,0:56:09.19,0:56:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,molecules by chopping up a big molecule into\Nsmaller molecules and doing reverse engineering.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:13.58,0:56:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a chemist one of the things I wanted to\Nask my research group a couple of years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:56:20.14,0:56:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is, could we make a really cool universal\Nchemistry set? In essence could we "App"
Dialogue: 0,0:56:26.32,0:56:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chemistry?\NWell to start to do this we took a 3D printer
Dialogue: 0,0:56:31.10,0:56:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we started to print our beakers and our\Ntest tubes on one side and then print the
Dialogue: 0,0:56:37.71,0:56:41.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,molecule at the same time on the other side\Nand combine them together in what we call
Dialogue: 0,0:56:41.72,0:56:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Reaction ware" and so by printing the\Nvessel and doing the chemistry at the same
Dialogue: 0,0:56:46.82,0:56:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time we may start to access this universal\Ntoolkit of chemistry. Now what could this
Dialogue: 0,0:56:52.95,0:56:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mean? Well if we can bed biological and chemical\Nnetworks like a search engine, so if you have
Dialogue: 0,0:56:59.71,0:57:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a cell that's ill that you need to cure\Nor bacteria you want to kill, if you have
Dialogue: 0,0:57:05.00,0:57:10.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this embedded in your device at the same time\Nand you do the chemistry, you make be able
Dialogue: 0,0:57:10.16,0:57:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make drugs in a new way.\NSo how are we doing this in the lab? Well
Dialogue: 0,0:57:16.72,0:57:21.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it requires software, it requires hardware,\Nand it requires chemical inks, and so the
Dialogue: 0,0:57:21.12,0:57:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really cool bit is the idea to have a universal\Nset of inks which we put out with the printer
Dialogue: 0,0:57:26.85,0:57:32.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you download the blue print, the organic\Nchemistry for that molecule and you make it
Dialogue: 0,0:57:32.85,0:57:39.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the device. So you can make your molecule\Nin the printer using this software. So what
Dialogue: 0,0:57:40.96,0:57:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could this mean? You don't have to go to\Nthe chemist anymore. We can print drugs at
Dialogue: 0,0:57:46.43,0:57:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,point of need. We can download new diagnostics,\Nsay a new superbug has emerged; you put it
Dialogue: 0,0:57:52.12,0:57:57.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your search engine and you create the drug\Nto treat the threat. So this allows you on
Dialogue: 0,0:57:57.69,0:58:03.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fly molecular assembly but perhaps for\Nme the cool bit going in to the future is
Dialogue: 0,0:58:03.06,0:58:08.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this idea of taking your own stem cells with\Nyour genes and your environment and you print
Dialogue: 0,0:58:08.59,0:58:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your own personal medicine. And if that doesn't\Nseem fanciful enough where do u think we're
Dialogue: 0,0:58:15.42,0:58:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,goanna go? Ur goanna have your own personal\Nmatter fabricator.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:22.48,0:58:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As well as using bio-printing for binding\Nmolecules into medicine, bio-printing is also
Dialogue: 0,0:58:28.52,0:58:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being used to construct organs.\NToday we can print an entire lung.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:38.33,0:58:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hospitals\NNow looking at hospital care, I'm sure most
Dialogue: 0,0:58:48.77,0:58:53.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of you are now aware of these "tele presence"\Nrobots which allows intensive care specialists
Dialogue: 0,0:58:53.80,0:58:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to remotely communicate with patients across\Nmultiple hospitals and as the robots have
Dialogue: 0,0:58:59.25,0:59:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ability to transmit information regarding\Nthe heart and breathing, examinations can
Dialogue: 0,0:59:04.94,0:59:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occur much faster, while actually reducing\Nthe work load of hospital staff since it eliminates
Dialogue: 0,0:59:11.01,0:59:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the need for patients to be transferred to\Nintensive care units in some cases. The hospital's
Dialogue: 0,0:59:17.54,0:59:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,workload is also being reduced by "Aethon"\NTUG System in which an Autonomous robotic
Dialogue: 0,0:59:23.21,0:59:29.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,courier can make their rounds, carrying prescriptions,\Nmedical waste, food trays and up to two hundred
Dialogue: 0,0:59:29.33,0:59:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pounds of laundry.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:36.76,0:59:43.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Home Care\NAs for home care, meet Asimo, Asimo is a humanoid
Dialogue: 0,0:59:46.82,0:59:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,robot created by Honda, with the aspiration\Nof helping people who lack full mobility.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:54.42,1:00:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since he was first introduced in 2000, he\Nhas gradually improved in mobility and communication.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:15.26,1:00:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Thank you)\NEventually Asimo will be capable of performing
Dialogue: 0,1:00:49.44,1:00:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most takes typically required of home-care\Nstaff.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:53.37,1:00:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, there are many people who irrationally\Nfear technology, with their frame of reference
Dialogue: 0,1:00:59.12,1:01:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,limited to what they see in movies. But in\Nreality technology is the provider of many
Dialogue: 0,1:01:05.12,1:01:09.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solutions across the full spectrum of health\Nand illnesses.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:09.40,1:01:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When she was born her legs were up by her\Nears and her shoulders were internally rotated
Dialogue: 0,1:01:16.36,1:01:23.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she had ulnar deviation on her hands and\Nrocker bottom feet. The geneticist came upstairs
Dialogue: 0,1:01:23.23,1:01:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and told us that she had arthrogryposis multiplex\Ncongenital. They brought her legs down and
Dialogue: 0,1:01:27.23,1:01:34.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they casted her and slowly and surly she started\Nto develop. Our first year with Emma we found
Dialogue: 0,1:01:41.27,1:01:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out that there was goanna be a conference\Nand it was in Philadelphia.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:45.43,1:01:50.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was an arthrogryposis family meeting in\NPhiladelphia where I described the WREX.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:50.78,1:01:57.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We watched a presentation on the WREX.\NAnd that's how it all started. We ended
Dialogue: 0,1:01:57.21,1:02:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up in Terick and Whitney's workshop.\NThe WREX was attached to a stand and she was
Dialogue: 0,1:02:03.38,1:02:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,able to put her arms into the WREX and for\Nthe first time be able to lift her hand up
Dialogue: 0,1:02:09.55,1:02:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards her mouth.\NShe just started throwing her hands around
Dialogue: 0,1:02:13.42,1:02:16.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and playing.\NWe were bringing candy up for her to eat and
Dialogue: 0,1:02:16.21,1:02:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were bringing toys up there and it was\Nso fun for us to go up there and see her play
Dialogue: 0,1:02:20.99,1:02:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The existing WREX is all metal parts and it's\Nkinda big and Emma was too small for that
Dialogue: 0,1:02:28.98,1:02:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we required something light and small and\Nwould attach to her body and go with her.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:34.98,1:02:38.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's where we had this "Stratasys\N3D printing machine" and we thought well
Dialogue: 0,1:02:38.22,1:02:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could print it out for her.\NAnd he did it and the weight difference is
Dialogue: 0,1:02:44.67,1:02:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,significant and for a child who only weight\Ntwenty five pounds it makes a big difference.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:49.96,1:02:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whitney and Terick put their minds together\Nand came up with a jacket and they would put
Dialogue: 0,1:02:55.63,1:03:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the WREX on that and were on our second jacket,\Nshe outgrew the first one and now we're
Dialogue: 0,1:03:00.17,1:03:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on our second one and its still evolving it's\Nstill growing into this incredible prosthetic
Dialogue: 0,1:03:06.58,1:03:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which helps her to use her arms.\NWithout the 3D printer we would not be in
Dialogue: 0,1:03:13.95,1:03:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a position we're in with these younger kids\Nmaking them a WREX device that can go with
Dialogue: 0,1:03:18.84,1:03:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them.\NThis is one of those industries that matches
Dialogue: 0,1:03:23.42,1:03:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perfectly with 3D printing additive manufacturing\Nbecause we need custom everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:29.19,1:03:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think 3D scanning and printing technology\Nis the future for this field.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:34.70,1:03:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ABS plastic that they use is the same\Nplastic they use in LEGO its human friendly
Dialogue: 0,1:03:40.21,1:03:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you will, its really strong and durable\Nto handle the abuse, we can answer a need
Dialogue: 0,1:03:45.19,1:03:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a heartbeat.\NIf the WREX breaks all I have to do is take
Dialogue: 0,1:03:47.54,1:03:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a picture and email it to whiney, he knows\Nexactly what the piece is, he prints it out
Dialogue: 0,1:03:53.28,1:03:55.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I go to the hospital or he's even mailed\Nthem.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:55.88,1:04:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't have to worry about D-time to machine\Nsomething or order supplies. I can just basically
Dialogue: 0,1:04:01.90,1:04:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go back to my program and print out another\None.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:04.52,1:04:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's back together and it's working.\NWhen she started to express herself we would
Dialogue: 0,1:04:11.43,1:04:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go upstairs and we would say Emma ya know\Nwere gonna put the WREX on and she called
Dialogue: 0,1:04:16.19,1:04:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them her magic arms and everyone in the room\Ncried.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:20.45,1:04:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We took it off of her on this one occasion\Nto make some adjustments to it and as we took
Dialogue: 0,1:04:24.96,1:04:31.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it off she cried out "I want that" and\Nwe didn't think all that much of it but
Dialogue: 0,1:04:31.59,1:04:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when mom started to cry and uh. We look over\Nand ask mom why she's crying and she kind
Dialogue: 0,1:04:38.40,1:04:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of takes a moment to recompose herself and\Ntell us that that was her first complete sentence.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:45.15,1:04:52.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To be a part of that made it a little special\Nmoment for somebody else ya know can't help
Dialogue: 0,1:05:08.92,1:05:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but uh kinda tug at your heart strings.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:26.02,1:05:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Food & Accommodation\NThe fast food industry for one is heavily
Dialogue: 0,1:05:27.58,1:05:34.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under threat by the same self-serving processes\Nmentioned earlier. In May of 2011, McDonald's
Dialogue: 0,1:05:34.25,1:05:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,announced its plans to install touch-screen\Ntechnology across 7,000 restaurants in Europe.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:39.58,1:05:46.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Parts of the UK have already begun implementation\Nand in some states in America, voice recognition
Dialogue: 0,1:05:47.39,1:05:53.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has replaced the drive thru.\NCan I get, can I get a twenty piece?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:53.80,1:05:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A twenty piece chicken nugget, what kind of\Nsauces would you like?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:59.41,1:06:04.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uh what is it?\NWhat kind of sauce do we have?
Dialogue: 0,1:06:04.75,1:06:11.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We got that honey mustard barbecue sweet and\Nsource we got honey style hot sauce that burns
Dialogue: 0,1:06:11.14,1:06:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for hours, we got that buffalo ranch if you\Nneed more ask chipotle barbecue ask me for
Dialogue: 0,1:06:19.81,1:06:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more and I'll tell you.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:19.81,1:06:25.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As for the kitchen staff, automated systems\Nare already being used such processes as draining
Dialogue: 0,1:06:25.95,1:06:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and refilling deep fat fryers, making many\Nhuman tasks redundant. But perhaps the largest
Dialogue: 0,1:06:32.34,1:06:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,implied threat has to do with the American\Nrobotics company, "Momentum Machines"
Dialogue: 0,1:06:37.09,1:06:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is predicted to revolutionise the fast\Nfood industry. They are currently preparing
Dialogue: 0,1:06:41.84,1:06:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to open the world's first "smart restaurant"\Nwith its automated burger machine. Capable
Dialogue: 0,1:06:46.56,1:06:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of dispensing around three hundred and sixty\Nburgers an hour. Not only does their machine
Dialogue: 0,1:06:51.41,1:06:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,construct and cook patties but it also slices\Nthe toppings to order and the technology even
Dialogue: 0,1:06:57.07,1:07:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allows for customisation, composed of meat\Nground to order and assembled in whatever
Dialogue: 0,1:07:01.88,1:07:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,combination the customer desires.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:07.14,1:07:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Restaurants\NRestaurant jobs are also threated by atomisation,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:13.35,1:07:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it's assisting chefs \Nor replacing them completely.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:36.92,1:07:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Waiters\NWhat about the job of the restaurant waiter?
Dialogue: 0,1:08:23.75,1:08:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well aside from using robots, Germany is pioneering\Na different approach. You make your order
Dialogue: 0,1:08:29.23,1:08:33.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a touch screen situated at your table\Nand the food is dispensed via a railing system
Dialogue: 0,1:08:33.17,1:08:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and delivered to your table when ready.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:39.52,1:08:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hotels\NHotel services are a little harder to automate,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:50.60,1:08:54.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but obviously there are elements of automation\Nwhich do reduce the workload.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:54.99,1:09:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Straight away you have automatic check in\Nand a restaurant which turns into a dance
Dialogue: 0,1:09:05.40,1:09:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,floor.\NWere at Yotel New York which opened in June
Dialogue: 0,1:09:12.51,1:09:18.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2011, Yotel is a fun and futuristic brand.\NSome of the things we have in the hotel are
Dialogue: 0,1:09:18.94,1:09:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,motorised beds in the rooms and we have Yobot\Nwhich is our answer to futuristic luggage
Dialogue: 0,1:09:20.75,1:09:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,handling. At the moment what we do is we take\Npeople's luggage and they store it in the
Dialogue: 0,1:09:34.24,1:09:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bins provided and Yobot takes it and stores\Nit up on the wall. What we've done now is
Dialogue: 0,1:09:39.09,1:09:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've agreed with the airports for example\Nlike the jet-blue terminal you'll be able
Dialogue: 0,1:09:42.42,1:09:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to choose which airport you want to go to,\Nsay JFK or Newark, the bin will come down,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:46.66,1:09:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll put the luggage in there and then\NYobot will shift your luggage through tunnels
Dialogue: 0,1:09:51.80,1:09:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in new York and you'll be able to pick it\Nup at each of the airport terminals. Also
Dialogue: 0,1:10:05.01,1:10:10.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were looking at a luggage tracker which we'll\Nbe able to download on our mobile app so youll
Dialogue: 0,1:10:10.06,1:10:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be able to follow your luggage form its journey\Nhere at the hotel all the way to the airport
Dialogue: 0,1:10:15.09,1:10:20.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and were also even looking at being able to\Nsip people and the luggage for yotel new York
Dialogue: 0,1:10:20.08,1:10:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to one of our airport hotels in the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:23.62,1:10:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even cleaning and maintenance is potentially\Nthreatened by a series of robots such as the
Dialogue: 0,1:10:28.00,1:10:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Roomba autonomous hoover and the Winbot autonomous\Nwindow cleaner. But perhaps there are some
Dialogue: 0,1:10:37.22,1:10:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non-automated threats to the traditional process\Nof accommodation. Couchsurfing.com is a sort
Dialogue: 0,1:10:44.00,1:10:49.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of social network community, where people\Nregister their hospitality. The idea being,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:49.57,1:10:54.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you want to travel, you simply type where\Nyou want to go, specify how many of you are
Dialogue: 0,1:10:54.63,1:11:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going, and then search from a list of willing\Nparticipants. Within this type of community,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:00.38,1:11:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you could potentially travel the world without\Nany need for paid accommodation.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:09.80,1:11:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mining and Quarrying\NThe Sandvik Group are currently the leading
Dialogue: 0,1:11:28.79,1:11:33.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,global suppliers of service and technical\Nsolutions for the mining industry. Sandvik
Dialogue: 0,1:11:33.99,1:11:39.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Automine has focused its efforts on developing\Na comprehensive solution for improving the
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.34,1:11:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,safety, efficiency and productivity of underground\Nmining operations, using autonomous trucks
Dialogue: 0,1:11:45.53,1:11:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for loading and hauling they have created\Na flexible system which can be adapted to
Dialogue: 0,1:11:49.82,1:11:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the unique working environment of individual\Noperations, even processing ore to high grade
Dialogue: 0,1:11:54.88,1:12:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,copper concentrate on site. Through automation\Nthey have eliminated many human required jobs,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:00.96,1:12:04.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while increasing production with improved\Ndrilling accuracy which has also been shown
Dialogue: 0,1:12:04.90,1:12:11.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to lower the risk of damage incurred by machines.\NCurrently Sandvik Automine are optimistic
Dialogue: 0,1:12:11.19,1:12:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about achieving 100% automation of mining.\NSimilarly, since 2009 the Australian mining
Dialogue: 0,1:12:19.38,1:12:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,company Rio Tinto has been using a fleet of\NKomatsu trucks. The trucks are over twenty
Dialogue: 0,1:12:25.28,1:12:32.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feet tall, weigh over ten tons, and are capable\Nof carrying over three hundred tons of material.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:32.13,1:12:36.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The trucks are fitted with Komatsu's Autonomous\NHaulage System which allows navigation from
Dialogue: 0,1:12:36.59,1:12:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,loading units to dump locations, including\Nwaste dumps, stockpiles and crushers.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:43.68,1:12:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However let's take a step back. Looking\Nat the end product of a mining operation,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:49.03,1:12:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reason we associate gold and silver with\Nsuch a high value, is because of the difficulty
Dialogue: 0,1:12:54.50,1:12:59.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in obtaining and processing these materials\Ncoupled with the time it takes for the earth
Dialogue: 0,1:12:59.92,1:13:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to naturally produce a diamond for example.\NThe ability to produce a diamond in a lab
Dialogue: 0,1:13:06.24,1:13:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been around for a long time; however gem-quality\Nresults have only been achievable in the last
Dialogue: 0,1:13:12.39,1:13:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,few years. Specifically the American company\N"Gemesis" have made huge advancement in
Dialogue: 0,1:13:18.37,1:13:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the production of synthetic diamonds, with\Nan output of up to forty rare gems each day.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:24.80,1:13:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As for the cost, a one-carat yellow diamond\Nfrom nature equates to about thirteen point
Dialogue: 0,1:13:30.30,1:13:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five thousand pounds whereas and a synthetic\Nreplica costs just four thousand pounds.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:36.57,1:13:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when we begin to speculate about the future\Nof synthetic materials perhaps it's not
Dialogue: 0,1:13:42.09,1:13:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too farfetched to think we could create copper,\Ncoltan, gold and silver and bring these materials
Dialogue: 0,1:13:48.09,1:13:53.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to market for a much lower cost than they\Nare today, which would, invariably reduce
Dialogue: 0,1:13:53.18,1:14:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the costs of all technological applications\Nwhich depend on these materials.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:10.24,1:14:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Construction\NConstruction employs over 2 million people
Dialogue: 0,1:14:24.90,1:14:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the UK and accounts for just under seven\Npecent of the nation's GDP.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:31.90,1:14:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Firstly let's look at construction as it\Nis today. Because of all the different trades
Dialogue: 0,1:14:39.33,1:14:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,involved, Construction is prone to management\Ninefficiency and corruption. The actual process
Dialogue: 0,1:14:45.73,1:14:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,itself is slow, labour intensive & inefficient\Nas well as being costly and usually over budget
Dialogue: 0,1:14:52.52,1:14:58.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is also highly wasteful of resources and\Nresponsible for producing vast amounts of
Dialogue: 0,1:14:58.05,1:15:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carbon emission. As far as safety is concerned,\Nconstruction is more dangerous than both mining
Dialogue: 0,1:15:04.63,1:15:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and agriculture. Each year an average of sixty\Nworkers are fatally injured with seventy four
Dialogue: 0,1:15:10.38,1:15:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousand non-fatal injuries.\NNow let's look at the alternative. Contour
Dialogue: 0,1:15:20.03,1:15:25.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Crafting is a process developed by the University\Nof Southern California's Information Sciences
Dialogue: 0,1:15:25.59,1:15:30.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Institute. Though initially conceived as a\Nmethod to construct moulds for industrial
Dialogue: 0,1:15:30.96,1:15:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,parts, the technology of rapid home construction\Nwas proposed as a way to rebuild cities after
Dialogue: 0,1:15:36.65,1:15:41.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,natural disasters occurred. Currently it uses\Na computer-controlled crane to distribute
Dialogue: 0,1:15:41.99,1:15:48.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concrete layer by layer incorporating, plumbing\Nand electrical network installation. With
Dialogue: 0,1:15:48.15,1:15:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Contour Crafting buildings are rapidly and\Nefficiently constructed with zero manual labour,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:53.84,1:15:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zero waste and little emission. It is estimated\Nan average family home could be built in less
Dialogue: 0,1:15:59.97,1:16:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than twenty hours. However the homes of the\Nfuture will not be constrained by today's
Dialogue: 0,1:16:06.34,1:16:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,architectural limitations for these machines\Ncan extrude intricate and complex designs.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:12.55,1:16:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps the design of your home will only\Nbe limited by your imagination. Now Contour
Dialogue: 0,1:16:18.90,1:16:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Crafting is still relatively new, however,\Nit is easy to see how in the near future this
Dialogue: 0,1:16:25.19,1:16:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project could be commercialized as a means\Nof streamlining the entire construction industry.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:31.32,1:16:38.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Destroying a numbers of not only those associated\Nwith construction but also those of plumbers,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:39.24,1:16:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electricians and perhaps even architects.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:48.91,1:16:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Education\NToday
Dialogue: 0,1:17:03.00,1:17:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mainstream method of education currently\Nrequires an all knowing authority figure fulfilling
Dialogue: 0,1:17:21.32,1:17:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the role of teacher and relaying imperial\Ninformation to student's after which said
Dialogue: 0,1:17:26.87,1:17:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teacher will then review and grade the work\Nof the students. This traditional approach
Dialogue: 0,1:17:31.64,1:17:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to learning has been widely criticised throughout\Nrecent years, as it relies on rote memorisation,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:37.73,1:17:42.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaching students what to think as opposed\Nto how to think. And using the grading system
Dialogue: 0,1:17:42.97,1:17:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has also been shown to create structural classism.\NSugata Mitra is a Professor of Educational
Dialogue: 0,1:17:58.00,1:18:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technology at the University of Newcastle.\NHis first experiment in child learning began
Dialogue: 0,1:18:04.15,1:18:08.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1999 with the hole in the wall project.\NInitially, a computer was placed in a kiosk
Dialogue: 0,1:18:08.71,1:18:13.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,built within a wall in a slum at New Delhi\Nand children were allowed to use the computer
Dialogue: 0,1:18:13.90,1:18:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,freely. The experiment aimed to show that\Nkids could be taught by computers very easily
Dialogue: 0,1:18:19.49,1:18:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without any formal training and independent\Nof adult supervision. Mitra termed this approach
Dialogue: 0,1:18:24.84,1:18:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Minimally Invasive Education". The experiment\Ngrew and was repeated in many places, currently
Dialogue: 0,1:18:31.99,1:18:37.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are more than twenty three hole in the\Nwall kiosks in rural India and in 2004 was
Dialogue: 0,1:18:37.67,1:18:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extended to Cambodia. The results have now\Ndemonstrated that groups of children, irrespective
Dialogue: 0,1:18:44.24,1:18:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of who they are or where they are, can learn\Nto use computers and the Internet on their
Dialogue: 0,1:18:49.38,1:18:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own, using public computers in open spaces\Nsuch as streets and playgrounds, even without
Dialogue: 0,1:18:54.92,1:19:01.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,initially knowing any English.\NI wanted to test the limits of this system.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:02.07,1:19:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first experiment I did out of Newcastle\Nwas actually done in India and I set myself
Dialogue: 0,1:19:06.81,1:19:13.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an impossible target. Can Tamel speaking twelve\Nyear old children in a south Indian village
Dialogue: 0,1:19:16.70,1:19:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teach themselves biotechnology in English\Non their own? I thought I'll test them,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:23.14,1:19:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they'll get a zero, I'll give them material,\NI'll come back and test them, they'll
Dialogue: 0,1:19:26.76,1:19:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get another zero, I'll go back and say yes\Nwe need teachers for certain things. I called
Dialogue: 0,1:19:32.76,1:19:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in twenty six children they all came in there,\NI told them that there's some really difficult
Dialogue: 0,1:19:37.32,1:19:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stuff on this computer I wouldn't be surprised\Nif you didn't understand anything. It's
Dialogue: 0,1:19:41.40,1:19:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all in English and I'm going. I came back\Nafter two months, the twenty six children
Dialogue: 0,1:19:47.30,1:19:52.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,marched in looking very, very quiet. I said\Nwell, did you look at any of the steps, they
Dialogue: 0,1:19:52.17,1:19:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said yes we did, did you understand anything,\Nthey said no, nothing. So I said, well, how
Dialogue: 0,1:19:59.09,1:20:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,long did you practice on it before you decided\Nyou understood nothing, they said we look
Dialogue: 0,1:20:03.57,1:20:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at it every day, so I said for two months\Nyou are looking at stuff you didn't understand,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:07.60,1:20:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so a twelve year old girl raises her hand\Nand says, apart from the fact improper replication
Dialogue: 0,1:20:13.26,1:20:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the DNA molecule causes genetic disease\Nwe've understood nothing else (crowd laughs).
Dialogue: 0,1:20:17.24,1:20:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the schools have gone up from 0% to 30%\Nwhich is an educational impossibility under
Dialogue: 0,1:20:30.37,1:20:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the circumstances, but 30% is not a pass.\NSo I found that they had a friend, a local
Dialogue: 0,1:20:36.22,1:20:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accountant, a young girl, and they play football\Nwith her. I asked that girl if they would
Dialogue: 0,1:20:41.60,1:20:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teach them enough Biotechnology to pass and\Nshe said how would I do that, I don't know
Dialogue: 0,1:20:45.19,1:20:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the subject, and I said no, use the method\Nof the Grandmother, she said what's that
Dialogue: 0,1:20:48.01,1:20:55.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I said what you've got to do is stand\Nbehind them, and admire them all the time
Dialogue: 0,1:20:55.51,1:21:00.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(crowd laughs), just say to them, that's\Ncool, that's fantastic, what is that, can
Dialogue: 0,1:21:00.09,1:21:04.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you do that again, can you show me some more.\NShe did that for 2 months, the score went
Dialogue: 0,1:21:04.28,1:21:10.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up to 50% which is what the posh schools of\NNew Dehli with the trained Biotechnology teachers
Dialogue: 0,1:21:10.13,1:21:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were getting. So I came back to Newcastle\Nwith these results and decided that there
Dialogue: 0,1:21:17.36,1:21:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was something happening here that definitely\Nwas getting very serious. Across the River
Dialogue: 0,1:21:24.05,1:21:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thames, five thousand miles from Dehli, is\Nthe little town of Gateshead, in Gateshead
Dialogue: 0,1:21:29.32,1:21:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I took thirty two children and I started to\Nfine tune the method, I made them into groups
Dialogue: 0,1:21:36.39,1:21:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of four, I said you make your own groups of\Nfour, each group of four can use one computer,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:41.17,1:21:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not four computers. You can exchange groups,\Nyou can walk across to another group if you
Dialogue: 0,1:21:46.70,1:21:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't like your group etc. You can go to\Nanother group, peer over their shoulder, see
Dialogue: 0,1:21:51.76,1:21:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they're doing, come back to your own\Ngroup and claim it as your own work. The children
Dialogue: 0,1:21:58.86,1:22:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enthusiastically got up to me and said what\Ndo you want us to do? I gave them six GCSE
Dialogue: 0,1:22:01.59,1:22:08.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,questions. The first group, the best one solved\Neverything, in twenty minutes, the worst,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:09.43,1:22:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in forty five, they used everything that they\Nknew: Newsgroups, Google, Wikipedia, Ask Jeeves
Dialogue: 0,1:22:14.36,1:22:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,etc. The teachers said, is this deep learning,\NI said well, let's try it. I'll come back
Dialogue: 0,1:22:21.09,1:22:26.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after two months, we'll give them a paper\Ntest, no computers, no talking to each other
Dialogue: 0,1:22:26.41,1:22:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,etc. The average score when I done it with\Nthe computers and the groups was 76%. When
Dialogue: 0,1:22:30.31,1:22:37.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I did the experiment, when I did the test\Nafter two months, the score was... 76%. There
Dialogue: 0,1:22:39.54,1:22:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was photographic recall inside the children;\NI suspect because they were discussing with
Dialogue: 0,1:22:45.13,1:22:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each other, a single child in front of a single\Ncomputer will not do that, I have further
Dialogue: 0,1:22:51.25,1:22:57.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,results which are, almost unbelievable of\Nscores which go up with time, because the
Dialogue: 0,1:22:57.24,1:23:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teachers say after the session is over, the\Nchildren continue to Google further. Here
Dialogue: 0,1:23:02.36,1:23:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Britain I've put in a call for British\NGrandmothers, after my Kupum experiment, the
Dialogue: 0,1:23:09.78,1:23:16.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deal was they would give me one hour of broadband\Ntime sitting at their homes, one day in a
Dialogue: 0,1:23:16.70,1:23:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,week. So they did that and over the last two\Nyears, over six hundred hours of instructions
Dialogue: 0,1:23:23.54,1:23:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been over Skype, using what my students\Ncall, the Granny Cloud. (Girl in class talking)
Dialogue: 0,1:23:29.70,1:23:36.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back in Gateshead, a ten year old girl gets\Ninto the heart of Hinduism, in fifteen minutes,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:37.28,1:23:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know stuff which don't know, anything\Nabout (crowd laughs), Two children watch a
Dialogue: 0,1:23:44.74,1:23:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TED talk, they wanted to be footballers before,\Nafter watching eight TED talks, he wants to
Dialogue: 0,1:23:50.83,1:23:57.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become Leonardo Da Vinci (crowd laughs) (applause),\Nit's pretty simple stuff. This is what I'm
Dialogue: 0,1:24:00.39,1:24:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,building now, they are called SOLEs, Self-Organised\NLearning Environments, the furniture is designed
Dialogue: 0,1:24:07.90,1:24:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so children can sit in front of big, powerful\Nscreens, big broadband connections but in
Dialogue: 0,1:24:13.91,1:24:19.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groups. If they want they can call the Granny\NCloud, this is a SOLE in Newcastle, the mediator
Dialogue: 0,1:24:19.83,1:24:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is from Umea, India. So how far can we go,\NI think we've just stumbled across a self-organising
Dialogue: 0,1:24:27.15,1:24:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system. A self-organising system is one where\Na structure appears without explicit intervention
Dialogue: 0,1:24:32.91,1:24:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the outside, self-organising systems\Nalso always show emergence, which is when
Dialogue: 0,1:24:38.37,1:24:43.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the system starts to do things which it was\Nnever designed for, which is why you react
Dialogue: 0,1:24:43.57,1:24:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way you do because it looks impossible.\NI think I can make a guess now, education
Dialogue: 0,1:24:49.97,1:24:54.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is organising system, where learning is an\Nemergent phenomenon, it will take a few years
Dialogue: 0,1:24:54.94,1:24:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prove it experimentally but I'm going\Nto try but in the meanwhile there is a method
Dialogue: 0,1:24:59.38,1:25:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,available. One billion children, we will need\None hundred million mediators, there are many
Dialogue: 0,1:25:04.24,1:25:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than that on the planet, ten million\NSOLEs, one hundred and eighty billion dollars
Dialogue: 0,1:25:09.55,1:25:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ten years, we could change everything!
Dialogue: 0,1:25:13.03,1:25:20.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, children left to their own devices are\Ncapable of self-learning, perhaps limited
Dialogue: 0,1:25:20.72,1:25:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only by their ability to search for information.\NBut what if this process was made easier?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:27.36,1:25:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if there was a website which consolidated\Na vast range of subjects with short educational
Dialogue: 0,1:25:33.48,1:25:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explanatory videos, detailing almost every\Naspect of mathematics, history, healthcare,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:39.82,1:25:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,medicine, finance, physics, chemistry, biology,\Nastronomy, economics, cosmology, civics and
Dialogue: 0,1:25:47.96,1:25:53.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computer science. Well that website exists;\Nit's called the Kahn academy, developed
Dialogue: 0,1:25:53.62,1:25:59.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Salman Kahn in 2006. The site currently\Nhas more than 4,000 micro lectures and has
Dialogue: 0,1:25:59.17,1:26:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,delivered over two hundred and forty million\Nlessons worldwide. In fact the Kahn academy
Dialogue: 0,1:26:05.00,1:26:11.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been so successful it is likely the primary\Ninspiration behind Academic Earth, which has
Dialogue: 0,1:26:11.44,1:26:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,evolved the concept to include actual lectures\Nform more than forty top US colleges including
Dialogue: 0,1:26:17.58,1:26:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harvard, MIT, Princeton, Stanford, and Yale.\NSince Academic Earth, a group of educators
Dialogue: 0,1:26:24.61,1:26:31.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Stanford University have formed Coursea.\NAdopting the same premise as Kahn and Academic
Dialogue: 0,1:26:31.05,1:26:38.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earth, However, with Coursea upon the completion\Nof on-line courses, students are awarded certificates
Dialogue: 0,1:26:38.27,1:26:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can and indeed have been used to gain\Nemployment and in some cases, as a substitute
Dialogue: 0,1:26:44.20,1:26:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for credit in real world educational institutions.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:54.18,1:27:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Arts & Entertainment\NIncentive
Dialogue: 0,1:27:06.85,1:27:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In looking at the future of the arts in relation\Nto jobs, I feel an important distinction must
Dialogue: 0,1:27:15.10,1:27:18.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be drawn.\NThere are really two concepts of employment
Dialogue: 0,1:27:18.57,1:27:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which tends to go unacknowledged. The first\Nis driven by financial necessity. This version
Dialogue: 0,1:27:25.45,1:27:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes employment something we submit to in\Norder to gain access to our life supporting
Dialogue: 0,1:27:30.77,1:27:36.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needs; the other is driven by passion, making\Nemployment a creative outlet where financial
Dialogue: 0,1:27:36.50,1:27:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stability is a by-product and not the primary\Nmotivation. In fact when it comes to art,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:43.76,1:27:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or any process involving creativity, monetary\Nrewards are actually in-verse to productivity.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:55.94,1:28:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our motivations are unbelievably interesting.\NThe science is really surprising. The science
Dialogue: 0,1:28:01.44,1:28:08.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a little bit freaky, okay. We are not as\Nendlessly manipulable and predictable as you
Dialogue: 0,1:28:08.29,1:28:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would think. There's a whole set of unbelievably\Ninteresting studies. I want to give you two
Dialogue: 0,1:28:13.14,1:28:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that call into question this whole idea that\Nif you reward something you get more of the
Dialogue: 0,1:28:17.16,1:28:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behaviour you want, if you punish something\Nyou get less of it.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:19.52,1:28:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's go from London to the mean streets\Nof Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the northeastern
Dialogue: 0,1:28:25.92,1:28:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of the United States, and let's talk\Nabout a study done at MIT -- Massachusetts
Dialogue: 0,1:28:29.26,1:28:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Institute of Technology. Here's what they\Ndid: they took a whole group of students and
Dialogue: 0,1:28:33.28,1:28:39.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gave them a set of challenges. Things like\Nmemorizing a string of digits, solving word
Dialogue: 0,1:28:39.33,1:28:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,puzzles, other kinds of spatial puzzles, even\Nphysical tasks like throwing a ball through
Dialogue: 0,1:28:43.60,1:28:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a hoop. They gave 'em these challenges and\Nthey said to incentivize their performance,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:48.24,1:28:53.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they gave them three levels of rewards, okay.\NSo if you did pretty well you got a small
Dialogue: 0,1:28:53.01,1:28:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,monetary reward, if you did medium well you\Ngot a medium reward, and if you did really
Dialogue: 0,1:28:58.58,1:29:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, if you were one of the top performers,\Nyou got a large cash prize. We've seen this
Dialogue: 0,1:29:03.63,1:29:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,movie before. This is a typical motivation\Nscheme within organizations. Right? We reward
Dialogue: 0,1:29:09.21,1:29:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the very top performers, we ignore the low\Nperformers, and the folks in the middle...okay,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:14.96,1:29:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get a little. So what happens? They do\Nthe test, they have these incentives, and
Dialogue: 0,1:29:20.64,1:29:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's what they found out:\N(1) As long as the task involved only mechanical
Dialogue: 0,1:29:25.82,1:29:31.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,skill, bonuses worked as would be expected:\Nthe higher the pay, the better the performance.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:31.61,1:29:37.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That makes sense. But here's what happened:\Nonce the test called for even rudimentary
Dialogue: 0,1:29:37.72,1:29:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cognitive skill, a larger reward led to poorer\Nperformance! Now this is strange...a larger
Dialogue: 0,1:29:45.47,1:29:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reward led to poorer performance. How can\Nthat possibly be? Now what's interesting about
Dialogue: 0,1:29:50.07,1:29:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is that the folks who did it are all\Neconomists -- two at MIT, one at the University
Dialogue: 0,1:29:55.42,1:29:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Chicago, one at Carnegie Mellon -- okay,\Nthe top tier of the economics profession,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:59.44,1:30:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're reaching this conclusion that\Nseems contrary to what most of us learned
Dialogue: 0,1:30:04.65,1:30:08.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in economics, which is that the higher the\Nreward, the better the performance. And they're
Dialogue: 0,1:30:08.70,1:30:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying, once you get above rudimentary cognitive\Nskill, it's the other way around. The idea
Dialogue: 0,1:30:16.16,1:30:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these rewards don't work that way seems\Nvaguely left wing and socialist, doesn't it?
Dialogue: 0,1:30:21.65,1:30:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's this weird, socialist conspiracy. For\Nthose of you who have those conspiracy theories,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:26.88,1:30:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to point out the notoriously left-wing\Nsocialist group that financed the research:
Dialogue: 0,1:30:32.23,1:30:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Federal Reserve Bank -- the most mainstream\Nof the mainstream coming to a conclusion that
Dialogue: 0,1:30:37.49,1:30:43.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seems to defy the laws of behavioural physics!\NSo this is strange, strange findings. So what
Dialogue: 0,1:30:43.22,1:30:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do they do? They say let's go test it somewhere\Nelse. Maybe that $50, $60 prize isn't sufficiently
Dialogue: 0,1:30:49.86,1:30:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,motivating for MIT students. Let's go to a\Nplace where $50 is more significant relatively.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:56.77,1:31:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're gonna take the experiment and go\Nto Madurai, India -- rural India -- where
Dialogue: 0,1:31:00.66,1:31:05.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,$50, $60, whatever the number was is actually\Na significant sum of money. So they replicated
Dialogue: 0,1:31:05.81,1:31:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the experiment in India roughly as follows:\Nthe small rewards were roughly the equivalent
Dialogue: 0,1:31:11.02,1:31:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of two weeks' salary; medium performance,\Nabout a month's salary; high performance,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:20.32,1:31:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about two months' salary. Those are good incentives,\Nso you're probably goanna get a different
Dialogue: 0,1:31:25.78,1:31:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,result here. But what happened was that, the\Npeople offered the medium reward did no better
Dialogue: 0,1:31:31.41,1:31:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the people offered the small reward.\NBut this time around the people offered the
Dialogue: 0,1:31:35.28,1:31:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,highest reward did worst of all! Higher incentives\Nled to worse performances. What's interesting
Dialogue: 0,1:31:40.14,1:31:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about this is it isn't all that anomalous.\NThis has been replicated over and over and
Dialogue: 0,1:31:44.54,1:31:51.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over again by psychologists, by sociologists,\Nand by economists -- over and over and over
Dialogue: 0,1:31:51.13,1:31:55.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again. For simple, straightforward tasks,\Nthese kinds of incentives -- "If you do
Dialogue: 0,1:31:55.54,1:31:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this then you get that" -- they're great.\NFor tasks that are algorithmic, you just follow
Dialogue: 0,1:31:59.78,1:32:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a set of rules; get a right answer, if then,\Ncarrots and sticks...outstanding. But when
Dialogue: 0,1:32:09.34,1:32:13.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a task gets more complicated, when it requires\Nsome conceptual, creative thinking, those
Dialogue: 0,1:32:13.84,1:32:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kinds of motivators demonstrably don't work.\NFact: money is a motivator at work, but in
Dialogue: 0,1:32:21.03,1:32:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a slightly strange way. If you don't pay people\Nenough they won't be motivated. What's curious
Dialogue: 0,1:32:25.64,1:32:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is there's another paradox here, that the\Nbest use of money as a motivator is to pay
Dialogue: 0,1:32:30.03,1:32:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people enough to take the issue of money off\Nthe table. Pay people enough that they're
Dialogue: 0,1:32:34.63,1:32:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not thinking about money, they're thinking\Nabout the work. Once you do that, it turns
Dialogue: 0,1:32:38.33,1:32:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out there are three factors that science shows\Nlead to better performance, not to mention
Dialogue: 0,1:32:44.08,1:32:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,personal satisfaction: autonomy, mastery,\Nand purpose.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:48.39,1:32:53.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Autonomy is our desire to be self-directed\N-- to direct our own lives. In many ways,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:53.11,1:32:57.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traditional notions of management runs afoul\Nof that. Management is great if you want compliance;
Dialogue: 0,1:32:57.65,1:33:01.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you want engagement, which is what\Nwe want in the workplace today as people are
Dialogue: 0,1:33:01.12,1:33:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing more complicated, sophisticated things,\Nself-direction is better. Let me give you
Dialogue: 0,1:33:06.21,1:33:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some examples of this. One of the most radical\Nforms of self-direction in the workplace that
Dialogue: 0,1:33:10.54,1:33:16.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leads to good results. Let's start with Atlassian\N-- an Australian software company, and they
Dialogue: 0,1:33:16.50,1:33:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do something really cool. Once a\Nquarter on a Thursday afternoon, they say
Dialogue: 0,1:33:20.52,1:33:25.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to their developers, "For the next 24 hours\Nyou can work anything you want. You can work
Dialogue: 0,1:33:25.55,1:33:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on it the way you want, you can work on it\Nwith whoever you want. All we ask is that
Dialogue: 0,1:33:29.19,1:33:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you show those results to the company at the\Nend of the 24 hours." And it's a fun kind
Dialogue: 0,1:33:33.28,1:33:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of meeting, with beer and cake, and fun, and\Nother things like that. It turns out that
Dialogue: 0,1:33:40.14,1:33:46.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that one day of pure, undiluted autonomy has\Nled to a whole array of fixes for existing
Dialogue: 0,1:33:46.79,1:33:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,software, a whole array of ideas for new products\Nthat otherwise would have never emerged. One
Dialogue: 0,1:33:51.84,1:33:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,day!\NNow this is not an "if then" incentive.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:54.12,1:33:57.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not the sort of thing I would have\Ndone three years ago, before I heard this
Dialogue: 0,1:33:57.14,1:34:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,research. I would've said, you want people\Nto be creative and innovative? Give 'em a
Dialogue: 0,1:34:01.97,1:34:05.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,freakin innovation bonus. "If you can do\Nsomething cool, I'll give you $2,500." They're
Dialogue: 0,1:34:05.46,1:34:09.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not doing this at all. They're essentially\Nsaying, you probably wanna do something interesting,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:09.43,1:34:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let me just get out of your way. One day of\Nautonomy produces things that would never
Dialogue: 0,1:34:13.99,1:34:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emerge.\NNow let's talk about mastery. Mastery is our
Dialogue: 0,1:34:16.73,1:34:21.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,urge to get better at stuff. We like to get\Nbetter at stuff. This is why people play musical
Dialogue: 0,1:34:21.74,1:34:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instruments on the weekend. These people act\Nin ways that don't make any sense economically.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:27.37,1:34:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They play musical instruments on the weekends.\NWhy? It's not gonna make them any money. 'Cause
Dialogue: 0,1:34:33.18,1:34:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's fun. 'Cause you get better at it, and\Nthat's satisfying. Go back in time a little
Dialogue: 0,1:34:38.04,1:34:42.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bit. Imagine. I imagine if I went to my first\Neconomics professor, a woman named Mary Alice
Dialogue: 0,1:34:42.95,1:34:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shulman, if I went to her in 1983 and said,\N"Professor Shulman, can I talk to you after
Dialogue: 0,1:34:49.49,1:34:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,class a minute? I got this inkling...I've\Ngot this idea for a business model; I just
Dialogue: 0,1:34:54.02,1:34:59.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wanna run it past you. Here's how it would\Nwork: you get a bunch of people around the
Dialogue: 0,1:34:59.79,1:35:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world that are doing highly skilled work,\Nbut they're willing to do it for free and
Dialogue: 0,1:35:06.06,1:35:11.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,volunteer their time -- twenty, sometimes\Nthirty hours a week." She's looking at me
Dialogue: 0,1:35:11.12,1:35:16.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somewhat skeptically now. "Oh, but I'm not\Ndone! Then, what they create, they give it
Dialogue: 0,1:35:16.77,1:35:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,away rather than sell it. It's gonna be huge!"\NShe would have thought I was insane. It seems
Dialogue: 0,1:35:24.72,1:35:30.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fly in the face of so many things. But\Nyou have Linux powering servers in one out
Dialogue: 0,1:35:30.45,1:35:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of four Fortune 500 companies. You have Apache\Npowering more than the majority of web servers.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:36.01,1:35:40.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have Wikipedia. What's going on? Why are\Npeople doing this? Why are these people, many
Dialogue: 0,1:35:40.95,1:35:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of whom are technically sophisticated, highly\Nskilled people--who have jobs, they have jobs,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:46.99,1:35:53.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're working at jobs for pay doing sophisticated\Ntechnical work -- and yet, during their limited
Dialogue: 0,1:35:54.24,1:36:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discretionary time, they do equally if not\Nmore technically sophisticated work, not for
Dialogue: 0,1:36:00.51,1:36:06.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their employer, but for someone else for free!\NThat's a strange economic behavior! Economists
Dialogue: 0,1:36:06.22,1:36:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have looked into it: why are they doing this?\NIt's overwhelmingly clear: challenge and mastery,
Dialogue: 0,1:36:12.07,1:36:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along with making a contribution, that's it.\NWhat you're seeing, more and more, what's
Dialogue: 0,1:36:15.36,1:36:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arising is what you might call the purpose\Nmotive. Organizations want to have some kind
Dialogue: 0,1:36:21.09,1:36:25.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of transcendent purpose -- partly because\Nit makes coming to work better, partly because
Dialogue: 0,1:36:25.24,1:36:31.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the way to get better talent. And what\Nwe're seeing now is when the profit motive
Dialogue: 0,1:36:31.53,1:36:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becomes unmoored from the purpose motive,\Nbad things happen. Bad things ethically sometimes,
Dialogue: 0,1:36:37.54,1:36:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also bad things like just like not good\Nstuff. Like crappy products, like lame services,
Dialogue: 0,1:36:45.02,1:36:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like uninspiring places to work. When the\Nprofit motive is paramount or when it becomes
Dialogue: 0,1:36:50.49,1:36:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely unhitched from the purpose motive,\Npeople don't do great things.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:56.04,1:36:59.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,More and more organizations are realizing\Nthis, sort of disturbing the categories between
Dialogue: 0,1:36:59.83,1:37:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's profit and what's purpose. And I think\Nthat heralds something interesting. I think
Dialogue: 0,1:37:05.49,1:37:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the companies that are flourishing, whether\Nthey're non-profit, for profit, or somewhere
Dialogue: 0,1:37:09.94,1:37:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in between, are animated by this purpose model.\NLet me give you a few examples: Here's the
Dialogue: 0,1:37:13.80,1:37:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,founder of Skype. He says our goal is to be\Ndisruptive but in the cause of making the
Dialogue: 0,1:37:18.64,1:37:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world a better place, pretty good purpose.\NHere's Steve Jobs. I wanna put a ding in the
Dialogue: 0,1:37:25.40,1:37:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,universe. Alright, that's the kind of thing\Nthat might get you up in the morning racing
Dialogue: 0,1:37:29.58,1:37:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go to work.\NSo I think we are purpose maximizers, not
Dialogue: 0,1:37:35.14,1:37:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only profit maximizers. The science shows\Nthat we care very, very deeply about mastery,
Dialogue: 0,1:37:40.46,1:37:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the science shows that we want to be self-\Ndirected. So I think the big takeaway here
Dialogue: 0,1:37:44.49,1:37:50.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that if we start treating people like people,\Nand not assuming they're simply horses -- slower,
Dialogue: 0,1:37:50.97,1:37:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smaller, better smelling horses -- if we\Nget past this ideology of carrots and sticks
Dialogue: 0,1:37:56.11,1:38:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and look at the science, I think we can actually\Nbuild organizations and work lives that make
Dialogue: 0,1:38:01.28,1:38:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us better off, and I think we also have the\Npromise to make our world just a little bit
Dialogue: 0,1:38:04.94,1:38:06.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:06.91,1:38:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, while the all the mundane repetitive jobs\Nare being assigned to machines, the jobs which
Dialogue: 0,1:38:17.20,1:38:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exist outside of a computer's creative capabilities,\Nare in fact jobs which would exist regardless
Dialogue: 0,1:38:24.18,1:38:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of financial reward and in fact produce better\Nresults without the incentive.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:30.53,1:38:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Media\NEarlier we looked at the possibility of certain
Dialogue: 0,1:38:38.97,1:38:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,media companies becoming exclusive to app\Nform, but what would the future of media look
Dialogue: 0,1:38:43.38,1:38:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like if a website such as Youtube, decided\Nto adopt the same feature of paid-subscription
Dialogue: 0,1:38:49.56,1:38:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,viewing? Incorporating say, an embedded planner\Ninterface? Well for one, YouTube would have
Dialogue: 0,1:38:57.01,1:39:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an immediate advantage as their planer could\Nbe customizable, and rather than having pay
Dialogue: 0,1:39:02.33,1:39:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for an entire package of channels, users would\Nhave the option of paying for individual programing.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:07.93,1:39:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The programs themselves would no longer be\Nconstrained by the time slot limitations of
Dialogue: 0,1:39:12.01,1:39:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a typical TV network, for each program could\Nhave its own channel. But this is all merely
Dialogue: 0,1:39:19.01,1:39:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speculation right? Well no, turns out YouTube\Nare currently preparing to switch on live
Dialogue: 0,1:39:25.81,1:39:28.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stream subscription viewing.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:28.97,1:39:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Film\NThe most profitable sector in the entertainment
Dialogue: 0,1:39:34.49,1:39:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,business is the film industry. One of the\Nreasons is due to just how expensive it is
Dialogue: 0,1:39:40.61,1:39:46.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to actually make a film, accounting for the\Nsheer amount of people involved in production.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:46.41,1:39:51.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But many production elements are quickly becoming\Nredundant by the ever improving capabilities
Dialogue: 0,1:39:51.54,1:39:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of GCI. If filming outside; you only have\Na few of hours of light each day to maintain
Dialogue: 0,1:40:03.47,1:40:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continuity. With CGI, backdrops and lighting\Ncan be controlled in a green lit studio. As
Dialogue: 0,1:40:13.91,1:40:20.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far as on screen performance, movies tend\Nto have dozens of actors each requiring multiple
Dialogue: 0,1:40:21.02,1:40:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,takes of a scene and character CGI has typically\Nbeen reserved for cartoonish features. Well,
Dialogue: 0,1:40:30.78,1:40:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the technology advances CGI is getting\Never closer to reflecting reality.
Dialogue: 0,1:40:36.97,1:40:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok first thing smile, frown, look mean, eyebrows\Nup, eyebrows down, move your mouth around
Dialogue: 0,1:40:48.99,1:40:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this, now go A, A, E, E, I, I, O, U,\Nvery good.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:00.22,1:41:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With CGI an actor could perform every scene\Nof a movie inside a green lit studio and since
Dialogue: 0,1:41:07.12,1:41:13.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his image is rendered, you could have a single\Nactor performing multiple rolls. perhaps every
Dialogue: 0,1:41:13.66,1:41:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,roll in the entire movie could be performed\Nby just 4 or 5 actors and since their emotions
Dialogue: 0,1:41:20.07,1:41:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be captured and stored on the computers,\Nin the future, rather than having to shoot
Dialogue: 0,1:41:25.09,1:41:31.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a scene over and over until finally getting\Nthe desired emotional response, perhaps directors
Dialogue: 0,1:41:31.44,1:41:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will have the option of choosing from a database\Nof preprogramed actions.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:37.40,1:41:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of this implying mass reduction in the\Nvolume of people needed to make a film. Now,
Dialogue: 0,1:41:42.68,1:41:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure many will see the lump of labour\Nfallacy here, and point out that new jobs
Dialogue: 0,1:41:47.33,1:41:54.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would emerge in the form building the CGI,\Nhowever, video games are entirely CGI, and
Dialogue: 0,1:41:54.56,1:42:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the development of a game currently cost between\N$500k--$5M compared that with the starting
Dialogue: 0,1:42:02.49,1:42:08.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,price of two hundred million dollars for a\NHollywood movie. And then there's the open
Dialogue: 0,1:42:08.39,1:42:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,source community. Blender for one is an open\Nsource 3D modelling program. Since the blender
Dialogue: 0,1:42:14.40,1:42:19.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project began, a community of volunteers have\Ndownloaded the source code and over time,
Dialogue: 0,1:42:19.89,1:42:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made gradual improvements to the programs\Nfunctionality. Today blender is capable of
Dialogue: 0,1:42:25.57,1:42:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing this.\NWhy don't you just admit that you're freaked
Dialogue: 0,1:42:29.52,1:42:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out by my robot hand?\NAhggg c'mon
Dialogue: 0,1:42:41.50,1:42:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Human!\NThis is pretty freaky
Dialogue: 0,1:42:59.46,1:43:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Tears of Steel"
Dialogue: 0,1:43:10.24,1:43:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professional, Scientific & Technical
Dialogue: 0,1:43:21.02,1:43:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This sector covers a vast range of jobs and\NI feel it would be far too time consuming
Dialogue: 0,1:43:25.49,1:43:31.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to address each in great detail. So let's\Nrun through these quickly. The workload typically
Dialogue: 0,1:43:31.47,1:43:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,required with legal advice and representation,\Nis now being diminished through the use of
Dialogue: 0,1:43:35.69,1:43:41.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,e-discovery, which enables 1 lawyer to do\Nthe work of 500
Dialogue: 0,1:43:41.70,1:43:45.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Accounting services are being replaced with\Nsoftware such as KashFlow which can actually
Dialogue: 0,1:43:45.83,1:43:52.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,track bank transactions, obviating the need\Nfor manual input accounting.
Dialogue: 0,1:43:53.97,1:43:58.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Translation and interpretation services are\Nalso replaceable with software such as Lingual
Dialogue: 0,1:43:58.71,1:44:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which uses apple's Siri technology to translate\Nbetween 35 languages in real-time.
Dialogue: 0,1:44:18.05,1:44:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Architectural work may over time become less\Nof a specialist subject. As computers grew
Dialogue: 0,1:44:22.35,1:44:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,throughout the 90's necessity demanded the\Nmajority of us familiarize ourselves with
Dialogue: 0,1:44:26.89,1:44:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operating systems. I believe the advancements\Nin 3D printing will demand that people become
Dialogue: 0,1:44:32.52,1:44:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,failure with computer aided design. And as\Nthe software improves, much of the architectural
Dialogue: 0,1:44:38.47,1:44:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,process could be constructed in a program\Nsimilar to a Sims game.
Dialogue: 0,1:44:46.22,1:44:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Engineering, Computer system design, Photography\Nand Scientific research all seem to fall under
Dialogue: 0,1:44:55.27,1:45:02.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the umbrella of creativity which as demonstrated\Nearlier would exist regardless of paid employment.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:04.69,1:45:09.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advertising services may be under threat if\NYouTube were to eliminate their competition
Dialogue: 0,1:45:09.15,1:45:16.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also incorporate a paid viewing feature\Nwhich disables advertising.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:16.42,1:45:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consulting services I think can easily be\Nreplaced with advanced voice recognition software.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:27.69,1:45:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Administrative & Support Services
Dialogue: 0,1:45:47.68,1:45:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The core job of an administrator is to process,\Nfilter, organize and categorise personal data.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:55.08,1:46:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Facebook has recently shown the potential\Nof account synchronization. Instead of having
Dialogue: 0,1:46:00.96,1:46:06.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fill out a form every time we register\Nto a new website, Now we have the single click
Dialogue: 0,1:46:06.55,1:46:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,option of "register through Facebook",\Nwhere all the user has to do I click this
Dialogue: 0,1:46:11.64,1:46:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,button and the website dose the rest. Of course\NFacebook is a social network and likely contains
Dialogue: 0,1:46:18.01,1:46:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,information not necessarily relevant to third\Nparty organizations. But if the government
Dialogue: 0,1:46:24.36,1:46:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were to further the train of thought here,\Nwe could instate a nationalised social HUB,
Dialogue: 0,1:46:29.72,1:46:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereby those of us with say a national insurance\Nnumber, could at least have the option of
Dialogue: 0,1:46:34.75,1:46:39.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having our relevant details authenticated\Nand synced with our national insurance accounts,
Dialogue: 0,1:46:39.71,1:46:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and once the information has been submitted\Nand synced, applying for government benefits,
Dialogue: 0,1:46:45.11,1:46:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bank loans, college placements or even making\Na dentist appointment, could all be achieved
Dialogue: 0,1:46:50.20,1:46:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much faster through the on-line hub, reducing\Nour dependency on the processing requirements
Dialogue: 0,1:46:56.50,1:47:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of these time consuming middlemen, and having\Na regulated information HUB could also extend
Dialogue: 0,1:47:02.38,1:47:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the elimination or at the very least a\Ndowngrading of the postal service, for all
Dialogue: 0,1:47:07.43,1:47:14.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forms of documentation could be securely transferred\Nelectronically to authenticated email addresses.
Dialogue: 0,1:47:23.40,1:47:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Financial & Insurance
Dialogue: 0,1:47:43.94,1:47:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world of finances and insurance is obviously\Ndependent upon the circulation of money. So
Dialogue: 0,1:47:49.22,1:47:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than address specific elements of this\Nsector, it's perhaps easier to simply look
Dialogue: 0,1:47:54.50,1:48:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the root cause of our pending financial\Ncollapse. Far from automated systems the fall
Dialogue: 0,1:48:00.66,1:48:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the global financial economy, will result\Nfrom simple causation principles in mathematics.
Dialogue: 0,1:48:08.22,1:48:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost every form of trade in the world is\Nrepresented through currency. Currency is
Dialogue: 0,1:48:12.20,1:48:19.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a proclamation where a certain value is identified\Nby a number. One pound will represent a value,
Dialogue: 0,1:48:20.09,1:48:25.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can differ slightly between traders\Nbut generally holds an accepted range, and
Dialogue: 0,1:48:25.41,1:48:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this ranging value is not determined or decided\Nby politicians or bankers, it's a value
Dialogue: 0,1:48:31.21,1:48:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,derived from the market. When calculating\Nthe cost of housing, energy, transportation,
Dialogue: 0,1:48:38.03,1:48:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as goods and services, we are presented\Nwith a consumer price index and thus derive
Dialogue: 0,1:48:43.78,1:48:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the overall market value of the pound. The\Nmarkets themselves are predicated on consumer
Dialogue: 0,1:48:50.11,1:48:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spending. So if all consumers continually\Nspend the same amount, the markets prices
Dialogue: 0,1:48:55.77,1:49:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would stabilize and the economy could potentially\Nfunction harmoniously, neither growing nor
Dialogue: 0,1:49:03.07,1:49:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contracting. But let's step back and look\Nat where money actually comes from in the
Dialogue: 0,1:49:07.90,1:49:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first place. All money in circulation was\Ncreated by and is the property of the central
Dialogue: 0,1:49:16.30,1:49:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bank, in our case the bank of England. This\Nbank loans money to the commercial and investment
Dialogue: 0,1:49:23.06,1:49:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,banks, which then issue loans themselves to\Nrival banks, consumers and businesses, so
Dialogue: 0,1:49:29.59,1:49:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since we are all trading borrowed money, cyclical\Nconsumption is not only a necessity for ensuring
Dialogue: 0,1:49:35.88,1:49:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the integrity of the pound, it is also a requirement\Nfor the banks, thus the currency, to remain
Dialogue: 0,1:49:42.65,1:49:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operational. Only one problem with this, this\Nborrowing from the banks process isn't quite
Dialogue: 0,1:49:50.06,1:49:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same as a game of Monopoly where a friend\Nmight loan you some cash until you pass go!
Dialogue: 0,1:49:54.88,1:50:00.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the money borrowed from both the central\Nand commercial banks, has to be paid back
Dialogue: 0,1:50:00.24,1:50:06.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with interest, but since the interest is in\Nfact NOT created alongside the initial loan,
Dialogue: 0,1:50:06.93,1:50:12.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ability to pay back more money than exists\Nin principle is a mathematical impossibility
Dialogue: 0,1:50:12.67,1:50:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the goal was maintaining economic harmony.\NSo instead we try to resolve the problem generated
Dialogue: 0,1:50:20.74,1:50:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with interest, through a process called quantitative\Neasing, in which the banks may temporarily
Dialogue: 0,1:50:26.45,1:50:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lower interest rates and the government will\Noften borrow even more money at interest,
Dialogue: 0,1:50:31.31,1:50:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an effort to grow the economy.\NSee rather than address the fundamental flaw
Dialogue: 0,1:50:36.33,1:50:43.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this system, we instead perpetuate an infinite\Ngrowth paradigm, which of course, is ultimately
Dialogue: 0,1:50:44.20,1:50:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unsustainable on a finite planet, and in looking\Nat the numbers it doesn't seem this quantitative
Dialogue: 0,1:50:50.95,1:50:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,easing has had much effect, here's the average\Nmonthly consumer costs in 2008, compared with
Dialogue: 0,1:50:57.34,1:51:04.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today, we have an overall price increase of\N25% while wages during the same time only
Dialogue: 0,1:51:04.84,1:51:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rose by 6%. These results are simply because\Nperpetual growth is unsustainable and Bankruptcy,
Dialogue: 0,1:51:13.47,1:51:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,redundancy, foreclosure, administrations,\Nliquidations, loan defaults and the raising
Dialogue: 0,1:51:19.30,1:51:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a country's debt ceiling, are all built\Nin consequential and we should expect nothing
Dialogue: 0,1:51:24.22,1:51:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ells of this system.
Dialogue: 0,1:51:39.46,1:51:46.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other\NHaving looked at each sector of employment,
Dialogue: 0,1:51:56.50,1:52:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it appears we are heading towards a fully\Nautomated economy, some might say this would
Dialogue: 0,1:52:02.24,1:52:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still require lots of human workers? Machines\Nafter all do have at least one constraint,
Dialogue: 0,1:52:08.18,1:52:13.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while they can work without a monetary incentive,\Nthe do require energy.
Dialogue: 0,1:52:13.95,1:52:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our current methods of energy cultivation\Nresult in the depletion of natural oil and
Dialogue: 0,1:52:19.15,1:52:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the burning of CO2 emitting fossil fuels,\Nbut these methods are wasteful, cumbersome
Dialogue: 0,1:52:25.00,1:52:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and quite frankly out-dated. Solutions to\Nthe energy crisis are often cited in the form
Dialogue: 0,1:52:30.35,1:52:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of nuclear power, but after the disasters\Nin Japan, perhaps we should be looking to
Dialogue: 0,1:52:36.26,1:52:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cleaner, safer solutions.\NSolar energy is gradually becoming more and
Dialogue: 0,1:52:41.73,1:52:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more accepted by the mainstream, even the\Ngovernment are incentivising home owners to
Dialogue: 0,1:52:45.95,1:52:51.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adopt solar panels with the Feed-In Tariffs\Nscheme, where participants will be compensated
Dialogue: 0,1:52:51.53,1:52:57.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for any surplus energy generated. While an\Ninitial solar panel investment may deter some
Dialogue: 0,1:52:57.65,1:53:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of us, it's reassuring to know that the\Ncost of solar is currently dropping at a rate
Dialogue: 0,1:53:02.93,1:53:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of 30% per year. But could we really sustain\Nour energy needs on solar panels alone? Well
Dialogue: 0,1:53:10.44,1:53:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,firstly, solar technology is not limited to\Nbuildings.
Dialogue: 0,1:53:14.32,1:53:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An American company called solar roadways\Nare developing photovoltaic solar roads. With
Dialogue: 0,1:53:19.91,1:53:24.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,current technology it is estimated that full\Nintegration of solar roads across the US,
Dialogue: 0,1:53:24.99,1:53:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would generate enough power to satisfy the\Ncurrent energy usage of the entire planet.
Dialogue: 0,1:53:30.00,1:53:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These roads also incorporate LED displays\Nwhich could probably be programed to coincide
Dialogue: 0,1:53:35.58,1:53:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with autonomous vehicles ensuring even greater\Nroad safety. The roads in colder climates
Dialogue: 0,1:53:40.73,1:53:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be installed with embedded heating elements,\Neliminating ice and snow hazards as well as
Dialogue: 0,1:53:45.68,1:53:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the required jobs of snow ploughs and gritters.\NSolar energy aside, how about wind? According
Dialogue: 0,1:53:55.07,1:54:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the US department of energy, if wind turbines\Nwere fully harvested in just 3 of Americas
Dialogue: 0,1:54:00.82,1:54:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,50 states, the energy cultivated would be\Nenough to power the whole of the USA. But
Dialogue: 0,1:54:07.68,1:54:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wind farming is also not limited to the gigantic\Nturbines which most of us are aware of. We
Dialogue: 0,1:54:13.15,1:54:19.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be utilizing vertical axis wind turbines\Nwith magnetic bearings, which cause the wind
Dialogue: 0,1:54:19.26,1:54:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vain to levitate. Reducing the friction and\Ncut-in wind speed usually hindered by gears.
Dialogue: 0,1:54:24.96,1:54:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could literally blow on these things and\Ncreate energy,
Dialogue: 0,1:54:29.15,1:54:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what happens when we placed vertical axis\Nturbines inside street lamps? Well, when a
Dialogue: 0,1:54:35.88,1:54:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vehicle drives past it creates a gust of wind\Nand in turn powers the lights.
Dialogue: 0,1:54:40.98,1:54:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we have tidal power. According to Crown\NEstate, the UK has the potential to harness
Dialogue: 0,1:54:48.31,1:54:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up to 153 gigawatts, accounting for more than\N20% of our current energy usage. They also
Dialogue: 0,1:54:55.50,1:55:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found a potential 27 gigawatts from wave energy.\NAnd then of course we have geothermal power.
Dialogue: 0,1:55:04.10,1:55:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's the earth, in countries like Canada\Nand the United States seasons come and go.
Dialogue: 0,1:55:09.39,1:55:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the summer months it can be quite warm\Nand in the winter very cold, while the temperature
Dialogue: 0,1:55:13.09,1:55:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the surface for the earth changes with\Nthe seasons, the temperature of the ground
Dialogue: 0,1:55:16.81,1:55:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,below the surface does not. Even at just two\Nmeters or six feet under the ground it is
Dialogue: 0,1:55:21.29,1:55:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about fifteen degrees Celsius or sixty degrees\Nfarenheight all year round. Geothermal takes
Dialogue: 0,1:55:26.69,1:55:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advantage of this consistent temperature and\Nuses it to heat and cool homes. So how does
Dialogue: 0,1:55:31.29,1:55:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it work? First, a large hole is made into\Nthe ground and filled with a series of pipes
Dialogue: 0,1:55:35.26,1:55:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a special heat absorbing fluid constantly\Nruns through the pipes. In the winter, heat
Dialogue: 0,1:55:39.94,1:55:43.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the ground is absorbed into the pipes\Nand pushed upwards where it can be circulated
Dialogue: 0,1:55:43.74,1:55:48.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,throughout the house. In the summer the process\Nis reversed, heat from the house is absorbed
Dialogue: 0,1:55:48.60,1:55:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the pipes and pushed downwards where\Nit can be stores within the cooler earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:55:52.51,1:55:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what are the benefits of geothermal heating?\NWell for one you can save a lot of money geothermal
Dialogue: 0,1:55:57.72,1:56:02.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses way less energy to operate and this means\Na heating bill that is up to eighty percent
Dialogue: 0,1:56:02.01,1:56:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lower than that of a traditional heating system,\Nsecondly geothermal doesn't run on fossil
Dialogue: 0,1:56:06.72,1:56:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fuels like oil or gas and therefore produces\Nsignificantly less greenhouse gasses. So,
Dialogue: 0,1:56:11.70,1:56:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look into geothermal today for a cleaner and\Nsustainable source of energy.
Dialogue: 0,1:56:21.37,1:56:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As well as heating homes, geothermal is being\Nused to convert heat in to energy. And in
Dialogue: 0,1:56:28.08,1:56:34.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a 2006 MIT study, geothermal was found to\Nhave an energy potential of two thousand zenojules.
Dialogue: 0,1:56:34.43,1:56:40.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The total global energy consumption is currently\Naround one half a zenejule per year, signifying
Dialogue: 0,1:56:40.79,1:56:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four thousand years of planetary power from\Ngeothermal alone. Meaning the powering of
Dialogue: 0,1:56:47.24,1:56:53.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an automated economy is simply a non-issue.\NBut then there's the other argument regarding
Dialogue: 0,1:56:53.67,1:57:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machine maintenance. It is now a general assumption\Nthat all machines are in constant need repairs.
Dialogue: 0,1:57:00.82,1:57:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And well, this is true, at least with respects\Nto market products. See within the market
Dialogue: 0,1:57:07.74,1:57:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is planned obsolescence, in order to\Nmaintain cyclical consumption of goods, it
Dialogue: 0,1:57:13.64,1:57:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is crucial that products have a short lifespan.\NThe biggest issue or potential flaw to me
Dialogue: 0,1:57:20.93,1:57:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over this invention is the fact, that it's\Nnot an invention or a product that actually
Dialogue: 0,1:57:27.97,1:57:33.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be purchased more than once, you kind\Nof almost want your product to break occasionally.
Dialogue: 0,1:57:33.80,1:57:40.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we were to removed our dependency on cyclical\Nconsumption we could create products to last,
Dialogue: 0,1:57:42.01,1:57:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the only threat to a machines lifespan,\Nwould be atmospheric erosion. This is why
Dialogue: 0,1:57:48.84,1:57:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the future all machine parts will be treated\Nwith a super hydrophobic coating, which uses
Dialogue: 0,1:57:55.16,1:58:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nanotechnology to repel water and refined\Noils.
Dialogue: 0,1:58:38.77,1:58:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Problem
Dialogue: 0,1:59:19.10,1:59:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even when we do recognize the implications\Nof mass mechanisation, people tend to think
Dialogue: 0,1:59:24.05,1:59:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"not my job, not the job I happen to have\Nspent four years studying for, the business
Dialogue: 0,1:59:30.66,1:59:36.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my family left me, the product I invested\Nmy life savings in, that job will be around
Dialogue: 0,1:59:36.77,1:59:43.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forever". I'm sorry to tell you that is\Nmerely wishful thinking, and yes your job
Dialogue: 0,1:59:44.07,1:59:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is vulnerable; even if not directly threatened\Nby atomisation; we are all affected by the
Dialogue: 0,1:59:53.38,1:59:53.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mechanisms of causation.
Dialogue: 0,1:59:53.38,1:59:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When a store fails the products on those shelves\Nthus manufacturing is affected, just as when
Dialogue: 0,1:59:59.64,2:00:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a product becomes obsolete, the stores in\Nturn suffer. Also, when 50% of household products
Dialogue: 0,2:00:07.27,2:00:12.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are either redundant or freely downloadable,\Nwhat do you think will happen to the world
Dialogue: 0,2:00:12.81,2:00:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of advertising? Autonomous cars eliminate\Nthe need for a driving licences thus the need
Dialogue: 0,2:00:18.08,2:00:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for driving schools and instructors, and since\Naccidents are near impossible, there will
Dialogue: 0,2:00:24.33,2:00:30.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be a reduction in time with car insurance\Ncompanies, repair shops and of course, taxable
Dialogue: 0,2:00:30.45,2:00:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offenses relating to speeding fines and the\Nlike. And as the overall state of the economy
Dialogue: 0,2:00:37.50,2:00:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,weakens, commercial banks, real estate and\Ngovernment funded institutions such as education
Dialogue: 0,2:00:43.38,2:00:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and healthcare all be affected.
Dialogue: 0,2:00:45.95,2:00:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If by now you are asking "what's the real\Nsolution to the unemployment problem?" Well
Dialogue: 0,2:00:54.27,2:01:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my question is what's the problem? The loss\Nof a job is historically synonymous with degradation
Dialogue: 0,2:01:00.78,2:01:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and poverty. Yet we are looking at a future\Nin which organic food and clean energy are
Dialogue: 0,2:01:06.69,2:01:12.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cultivated with levels of abundance never\Nbefore seen. Homes can be constructed within
Dialogue: 0,2:01:12.44,2:01:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a day without any human involvement. All tools,\Naesthetic objects and even medicine are designed,
Dialogue: 0,2:01:20.00,2:01:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,downloaded, customized and printed on demand,\Neither made from in your in the home or delivered
Dialogue: 0,2:01:26.32,2:01:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,via autonomous vehicles, which have improved\Nroad safety and reduced travel time. Then
Dialogue: 0,2:01:32.79,2:01:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course there's better healthcare, free\Neducation, less waste and this is all to say
Dialogue: 0,2:01:38.24,2:01:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing of the explosion in entertainment.\NThe real solution would have nothing to do
Dialogue: 0,2:01:45.94,2:01:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with capitalism, socialism, communism, the\Nfree enterprise system or any other sub related
Dialogue: 0,2:01:51.86,2:01:58.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,group. For these are market economies. And\Nas the financial market dies, we need to transition
Dialogue: 0,2:01:59.46,2:02:05.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into a new sustainable economy, one which\Nis designed around ensuring our survival,
Dialogue: 0,2:02:05.92,2:02:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning we must all have equal access to life\Nsupporting needs without the ridiculous number
Dialogue: 0,2:02:12.00,2:02:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,game or any monetary exchange.\NWe have the technology and the understanding
Dialogue: 0,2:02:18.61,2:02:25.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today of how to scientifically orient our\Nresource distribution. But of course transitions
Dialogue: 0,2:02:26.63,2:02:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are never easy. There is nothing preventing\Na period of mass poverty and starvation. In
Dialogue: 0,2:02:34.68,2:02:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fact there is nothing preventing us from holding\Non to this out-dated, competition based, infinite
Dialogue: 0,2:02:40.50,2:02:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growth market economy, until we have nothing\Nleft.
Dialogue: 0,2:02:44.01,2:02:50.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By raising awareness of our technological\Npotential and having the population understand
Dialogue: 0,2:02:50.28,2:02:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the imminent need to transition, we can alleviate\Nthe fear usually generated through ignorance
Dialogue: 0,2:02:56.85,2:03:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allow the change to happen with little\Nopposition. Luckily for us, I don't have
Dialogue: 0,2:03:03.35,2:03:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to sit here and propose setting up a mass\Nawareness raising campaign, it already exists.
Dialogue: 0,2:03:10.99,2:03:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With over half a million members and hundreds\Nof chapter's world-wide the zeitgeist movement
Dialogue: 0,2:03:16.06,2:03:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the largest grassroots movement in history,\Nand has set out to raise awareness as to our
Dialogue: 0,2:03:21.42,2:03:27.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,true potential on this planet while at the\Nsame time advocating a transition in to a
Dialogue: 0,2:03:27.18,2:03:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new sustainable global paradigm.