[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.24,0:00:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It will be a short delay until I figure out\Nwhat the hell am I doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.88,0:00:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh wait, there will be ???
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.15,0:00:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We've got time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.54,0:00:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Do we?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.42,0:01:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"More than any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroad. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness. The other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly." - Woody Allen
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.10,0:01:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He was kidding.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.92,0:01:22.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.79,0:01:27.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It looks like we did not choose correctly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.55,0:01:32.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.13,0:01:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there have been no humans on Earth when the global average temperature was 3,5°C above baseline.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.58,0:01:44.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million years of human experience,\Nall less than 3,5°C above baseline;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.57,0:01:48.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,baseline being the beginning of Industrial Revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.65,0:01:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are headed for more than 3,5°C\Nabove baseline, in the near future.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.57,0:01:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Human extinction will not resolve\Nbecause we are not clever.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.23,0:02:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not as if we can't handle temperature swings;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.94,0:02:04.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you came from outside, inside is way more than 3,5°C,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.58,0:02:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's closer than 10°C or 15°C, that's not the issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.62,0:02:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The issue is habitat. We´re human animals,\Nas with all other animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.69,0:02:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need habitat to survive\Nand that habitat has to include food.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.85,0:02:21.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's difficult for me to imagine \Na world in which we'll have food,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.11,0:02:26.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for humans, at say 3,5 or 4°C above baseline.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.57,0:02:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially in the relatively near future\Nthat will bring us that 3,5°C or 4°C.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.89,0:02:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Davis, writes at the Arctic Methane Emergency Group,\Nlast September concluded,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.83,0:02:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based only on CO2 in the atmosphere: "The world is probably at the start of a runaway Greenhouse Event
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.66,0:02:48.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which will end most human life on Earth before 2040."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.29,0:02:54.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is only contemplating one\Ngreenhouse gas, Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.03,0:02:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, as reported by NASA a couple of days ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.52,0:03:05.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're at carbon dioxide levels that are likely higher\Nthan they've been for the last 20 million years.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.29,0:03:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For 2 million years\Nthere has been humans on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.18,0:03:11.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're at nearly 400 ppm\Nof carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.02,0:03:16.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the beginning of the Industrial Revolution\Nwe were at 280 ppm (parts per million).
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.32,0:03:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this is a huge change\Nin atmospheric chemistry.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.77,0:03:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we input some of the\Nself-reinforcing feedback loops,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.56,0:03:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associated with the so far\N0.85°C rise in temperature,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.00,0:03:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of as John Davis did, which is to ignore those\Nand focus only on carbon dioxide,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.75,0:03:44.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we include some of those feedbacks, according to Paul Beckwith, climate scientist at the University of Otawa,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.53,0:03:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are headed to 6°C within a decade.\N6°C from the current level.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.45,0:03:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About a year later, back with double down...\Nok double and a half,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.80,0:04:00.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he said that we can expect up to 16°C increase\Nwithin a decade or two.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.05,0:04:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he is basing these projections\Non paleoclimatic information.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.11,0:04:11.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.68,0:04:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to Science, one of the more reputable\Njournals in the scientific community,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.73,0:04:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climate change is on track to it for 10 times faster\Nthan at any time during the last 65 million years.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.10,0:04:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within that 65 million years is an event 55 million years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.06,0:04:32.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a 5°C rise within 13 years, global average.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.76,0:04:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10 times faster than that is 50°C rise in 13 years;
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.66,0:04:40.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or maybe a 5°C in 1,3 years;
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.76,0:04:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either is enough to remove habitat\Nfor all humans on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.42,0:04:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's happening, and a lot faster than most people think.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.08,0:04:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A little bit more evidence, according to a paper \Non the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.47,0:04:59.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as one of the premier journals\Nin the world on science,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.40,0:05:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from 5 years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.38,0:05:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will remain at or above the current carbon dioxide (CO2) level for at least the next thousand years.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.30,0:05:16.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are at 396ppm of CO2 right now and we will be, at a minimum, with 396ppm for at least the next 1000 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.69,0:05:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Contrast that with the message of 350.org
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.82,0:05:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which indicates we will get down to 350ppm\Nif we just use a civilised approach to it by mid century;
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.65,0:05:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the middle of this century. That's not gonna happen, it can't happen, it's physically impossible.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.91,0:05:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But 350.org is not gonna tell you that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.44,0:05:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to the UN Environment Programme, during 2008,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.46,0:05:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was the dire year of the Great Recession, remember when we started calling them "recessions",
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.86,0:05:46.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the Prozac Nation\Ncan't handle the word "depression"?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.65,0:05:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, it was a Great depression, wasn't it?\NAt least for me, I don't know about you?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.75,0:05:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was... awesome!
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.33,0:06:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At any event, it was in that catastrophic year of the Great Recession, that the global CO2 emissions actually increased
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.54,0:06:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to their highest level since we enacted\Nthe Clean Air Act in this country, in 1980.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.88,0:06:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that was nothing compared to 2009,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.69,0:06:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when carbon emissions increased\Nto a new record setting level.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.30,0:06:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in 2010, when they exceeded\Nthat previous record setting level,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.37,0:06:21.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,likewise for 2010, 2011 and 2012,\Nand we just found out about 2013,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.49,0:06:26.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every year, every single year, we set\Nnew records for greenhouse gas emissions,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.37,0:06:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are at the midst of a\Nglobal economic recession, at best.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.37,0:06:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's clear, at this point,\Nthat civilization is a heat engine.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.82,0:06:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And from a great paper\Nby Timothy Garrett in climatic change,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.10,0:06:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Only a complete collapse\Nprevents runaway climate change."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.23,0:06:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have know this for years.\NAnd by "collapse", what Garrett means is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.21,0:06:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no fuel at the filling stations, no food at the grocery stores, no water coming out of municipal taps.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.06,0:07:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we wanted to have habitat for humans,\Nin the not too distant future,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.10,0:07:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the understanding in 2009,\Nwhen the paper was published,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.31,0:07:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that we needed to\Ncompletely collapse industrial civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.35,0:07:14.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I don't know anybody\Nwho sign up for that, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.56,0:07:19.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I can't imagine a politician\Nrunning on that campaign.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.80,0:07:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can just see,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.49,0:07:25.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two presidential candidates in debate:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.84,0:07:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"No, I can collapse it faster than you can."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.36,0:07:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"No, but I can have the lights out\Nby a week after I'm elected."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.68,0:07:35.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.14,0:07:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to a paper in the Astrophysical Journal - yes, even astrophysicists are talking about climate change -
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.82,0:07:46.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Earth is within 1% of inhabitability.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.45,0:07:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not very far.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.30,0:07:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for the entire enterprise of astrophysicists,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.52,0:07:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was assumed that Earth was\Nin the middle of the habitable zone.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.95,0:08:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here is the habitable zone\Nfor stars of different sizes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.82,0:08:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for a star of our size, the astrophysicists\Nused to thought Earth was right there,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.82,0:08:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the middle of the habitable zone,\Nfor the entire discipline of astrophysics.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.45,0:08:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, somebody actually looked,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.12,0:08:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and discovered, last March, that actually\NEarth is in the inner edge of the habitable zone,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.27,0:08:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within 1% of being uninhabitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.93,0:08:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mars is here, Venus is somewhere distant from Earth\Nas Earth is form Mars;
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.46,0:08:31.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Venus is about right there,\Nand we what happened to Venus´ atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.32,0:08:33.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It got striped away.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.92,0:08:36.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What this suggests is that
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.38,0:08:41.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with minor changes in the Earth's atmosphere,\Nwe can go Venus.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.62,0:08:45.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well guess what! We haven't made\Nminor changes in the Earth's atmosphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.86,0:08:48.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have done major changes in the Earth's atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.46,0:08:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have gone from 280ppm to 400ppm,\Nnearly 400ppm in CO2, in the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.63,0:08:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's one of a handful of greenhouse gases.\NAnother one is methane.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.51,0:09:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Methane was 700ppb before the\Nbeginning of the industrial revolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.35,0:09:06.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's now about 2000 parts per billion (ppb);\Nnearly tripled...
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.36,0:09:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the level of methane, as we observed\Nin the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.68,0:09:15.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How bigger deal is methane, it's about 100 times more powerful greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.48,0:09:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,molecule per molecule. 100 times in the short term,\Nmeaning less than 20 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.58,0:09:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's only about 20 times more powerful than CO2\Nover a 100 years or so but,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.24,0:09:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't have 100 years or so.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.55,0:09:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, a little bit about that collapse, \Nthat Tim Garrett wrote about.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.52,0:09:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Clive Hamilton points out in his latest book
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.67,0:09:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that without the atmospheric sulphates associated\Nwith industry, when collapse occurs,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.77,0:09:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earth will be an extra 1,1°C warmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.98,0:09:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Add 1,1°C to the current 0,85°C\Nand we're at 1,95°C, lets call it 2.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.74,0:09:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even collapse takes us to 2°C,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.65,0:09:59.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the much dreaded political target.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.64,0:10:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the system doesn't collapse, we're at 2°C\Nwithin a matter of years from now...
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.53,0:10:11.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the system does collapse,\Nwe're at 2°C within 3 days.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.78,0:10:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they call us Homo sapiens, the wise ape.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.12,0:10:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think that it should have been homo cavitus\Nwhich is the clever ape, instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.17,0:10:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's this contrarian myth\Nthat has been floating around since 1998,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.43,0:10:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hottest year of global average temperature\Nbased on land records,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.80,0:10:42.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the myth is that\Nthe climate change has slowed, has plateaued,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.39,0:10:45.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that based on land surface records,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.77,0:10:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have seen a pause in climate warming,\Nthe Earth's warming, since 1998.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.64,0:10:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, based on land records that's right,\Nand so people wondered for a long time:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.45,0:11:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where is that heat going?"\NAs it turns out it is going to the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.84,0:11:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We look at 1998 and that's where\Nheating of the oceans accelerates.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.12,0:11:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we figured out about a year ago\Nwhere that extra heat is going.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.59,0:11:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is not going into land masses;\Nit is going into the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.96,0:11:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, just less than a month ago, there's a paper\Nwhich came out with an explanation of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.25,0:11:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The general heating of the Earths surface\Nhas increased the winds over the ocean
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.63,0:11:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that increased wind has allowed for more heat\Nto be sunk deeper into the oceans,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.91,0:11:39.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than was previously occurring.\NIf we have an El Niño event,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.13,0:11:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a bunch of that heat comes out quite suddenly\Nin a short period of time.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.55,0:11:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we don't have an El Niño event, if we have\Na continuous series of "La Niña" years,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.46,0:11:55.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than that heat stays in the ocean and warms up\Nand therefore acidifies the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.98,0:11:59.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Already the oceans have acidified to the extent that...
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.100,0:12:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than half of the phytoplankton in the ocean\Nhas been killed within the last few decades.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.80,0:12:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Phytoplankton is the base of the marine food web\Nand it accounts for about half the food we eat.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.45,0:12:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if we keep this up, we are going to\Nkill all the phytoplankton.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.11,0:12:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Doesn't that also account for about\N2/3 of the oxygen in the atmosphere?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.99,0:12:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It accounts almost 1 for 1 with land plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.42,0:12:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it accounts for about half of the oxygen.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.73,0:12:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yes, it would be inconvenient\Nto not have oxygen in the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.39,0:12:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If that's where you're going with that question.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.91,0:12:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, oxygen is incredibly recalcitrant\Nin the atmosphere, so...
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.88,0:12:48.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...I suspect there would be a 1000 years or more \Nbefore we have oxygen levels drop down to 16%
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.01,0:12:53.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even 15%, in the atmosphere, \Nas opposed to the current 18%.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.49,0:13:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there will be a huge lag after phytoplankton die,\Nbefore oxygen drops to unsafe levels.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.71,0:13:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptible question from audience]
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.68,0:13:08.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I... I don't know. 21?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.79,0:13:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,21. And 15, apparently, becomes dangerous for humans.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.93,0:13:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we're a long way from oxygen being dangerous.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.24,0:13:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- ??? is 11%, by asphixiation ???. Only that. Sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.90,0:13:31.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Are you giving advise?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.80,0:13:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not even done yet!
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.02,0:13:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's making a lovius called 'The End'...
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.54,0:13:45.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptible question]
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.51,0:13:50.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The heat in the ocean helps explain why Antarctica
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.83,0:13:54.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Arctic are both loosing ice, yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.82,0:14:00.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in particular in Antarctica, it hasn't been observed\Nuntil quite recently that the ice is melting,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.12,0:14:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's melting from below, so the surface ice\Nhas remained approximately the same.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.52,0:14:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the ice is melting from below\Nso we are loosing ice mass.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.06,0:14:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's much more obvious what's going on in the Arctic;\Nthe cover is being reduced as well as mass.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.89,0:14:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll talk a little bit about the 28\Nself-reinforcing feedback loops
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.07,0:14:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are irreversible at temporal spans\Nrelevant to the human condition.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.93,0:14:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,28.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.74,0:14:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there are 2 that are reversible,\Nif we have the political will.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.05,0:14:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are gonna focus primarily on methane clathrates\Ncoming out of the Arctic Ocean, because
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.50,0:14:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that one happened 4 years ago,\Nwas reported in Science 4 years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.24,0:14:51.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so this is the one we know the most about,\Nand we know quite a bit about it, at this point.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.83,0:14:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I'm gonna just list the others because,\Nat some point...
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.48,0:14:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...there's no point.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.76,0:15:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At some point you realize that we fired the gatling gun\Nand the bullets are all coming
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.04,0:15:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it only takes one to put us out, so why study\Nthe other 9 thousand bullets we fired.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.87,0:15:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Arctic hold the methane hydrates or clathrates in the shallow sea floor of the Arctic Ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.64,0:15:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are bubbling up to the surface\Nand releasing the methane into the atmosphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.50,0:15:27.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from these clathrates, these little cage structures.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.78,0:15:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That methane in the Arctic sea floor alone is...
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.13,0:15:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...equivalent to a thousand to ten thousand\Ngigatons of carbon;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.57,0:15:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,versus 226 gigatons that were burned\Nwith fossil fuels as of March 2010.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.71,0:15:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now we are up to 260 gigatons of fossil fuels that were burned - of carbon we burned through fossil fuels -
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.09,0:15:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, in an event,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.30,0:16:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the methane hydrates in the Arctic\Nare 4 to 40 times, roughly, the carbon equivalent
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.86,0:16:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of all the carbon dioxide we burned so far\Nsince the beginning of the industrial revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.31,0:16:08.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So... it's a lot.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.12,0:16:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We now know that a minor increase in temperature\Nis sufficient to trigger the methane release,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.86,0:16:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's because the clathrates\Nare in the shallow sea bed;
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.70,0:16:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're not at great depth.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.44,0:16:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A 50 Gigaton "burp" of methane is highly possible and that in tons is equivalent to more than 1000 Gigatons of carbon,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.51,0:16:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or roughly 4 times of what we have burned so far.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.84,0:16:37.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Highly possible at any time.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.97,0:16:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Methane plumes have been observed up to 150 kilometres across, by NASAs CARVE project.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.100,0:16:50.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A methane plume, what that looks like is...\Nif you're in a ship out there in the Arctic ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.04,0:16:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you happen to be in the middle of a methane plume,\N150 kilometres across,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.21,0:17:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be like ginger-ale bubbling out of the Arctic Ocean as far as you can see in every direction.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.30,0:17:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You wouldn't see it for very long,\Nbecause you'd be dead surely thereafter,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.03,0:17:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the methane is lethal.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.08,0:17:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, take the picture... for posterity.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.64,0:17:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Based on an analysis from this one feedback alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.30,0:17:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can expect global average temperature at more than 4°C of baseline temperature by 2030,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.09,0:17:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than 10°C by 2040.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.95,0:17:36.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is what that looks like, the same cramp kinds of polynomial curve to the existing data;
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.31,0:17:43.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's number 3 here, and has methane going exponential\Nout of the Arctic Ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.84,0:17:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Malcolm Light's analysis concludes that\Nthe Gulf Stream transport rate,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.04,0:17:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the thermo-healing conveyor belt,\Nwhich drags warm Atlantic water up into the Arctic,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.97,0:17:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,started the methane hydrate or clathrate gun-firing\Nin the Arctic in 2007,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.74,0:18:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the energy per year exceeded 10 million times the energy necessary to release those clathrates.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.09,0:18:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,More than 10 million times.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.37,0:18:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this apparently has been going since 2007;
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.30,0:18:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that is a long enough time to conclude\Nthat the clathrate gun has been firing.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.63,0:18:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The clathrate gun is what climate scientist, including James Hanson, have been worried about for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.62,0:18:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 'Storms of my grandchildren', Hanson worried quite a bit about firing clathrate guns,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.56,0:18:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the methane bomb; and looks like we are there.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.37,0:18:37.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He only know about a self-reinforcing feedback loop being triggered by looking in the review mirror.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.46,0:18:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have about 7 years of review mirror, at this point.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.45,0:18:49.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This illustrates what Albert Bartlett, professor emeritus from Colorado University for many years,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.88,0:18:54.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,described in his presentation,\Nwhich he gave over a thousand times.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.22,0:19:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says "The greatest shortcoming of the human race is our inability to understand the exponential function."
Dialogue: 0,0:19:00.54,0:19:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think linearly, so we think that this change,\Nso far, has been pretty linear.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:07.95,0:19:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But event's have gone beyond linear now.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.12,0:19:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are no longer in the linear age in terms of change in the recent past, much less in the near future.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.38,0:19:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An example commonly used is,\Nin high-school classes, is:
Dialogue: 0,0:19:27.27,0:19:31.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have a pond and... algae, a tiny bit of algae,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.69,0:19:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the algae doubles in cover, everyday.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:37.75,0:19:42.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How long after the lake is half-full before it's full?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.06,0:19:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:45.28,0:19:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's an example of what happens\Nwith exponential function.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.39,0:19:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What this looks like as if about 3 weeks ago,\Nin terms of methane concentration,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:57.20,0:20:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see heavy concentration of methane in the Arctic and over the land masses of large continents.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.14,0:20:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Siberia, where the methane is being released\Nas the permafrost melts.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.43,0:20:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Northern Canada and all through the Arctic.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.22,0:20:16.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The measurements have been up to about 2400 ppb\Nwithin the last few days.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.73,0:20:22.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is 1 of the 2 reasons that habitat for humans will disappear from the Northern Hemisphere
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.78,0:20:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before it disappears from the Southern Hemisphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:25.98,0:20:30.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other reason is that the land to water ratio is so much higher in the Northern Hemisphere
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.01,0:20:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than it is in the Southern Hemisphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:33.59,0:20:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and land mass has heat up more than\Ntwice as fast as the global average.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:37.87,0:20:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So at 2°C rise in global average temperature means
Dialogue: 0,0:20:42.62,0:20:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,roughly 4,5 or 5°C rise in the interior of continents.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.41,0:20:51.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the south-western interior of a large continent\Nin the Northern Hemisphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.39,0:20:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like, say right there where I live,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:53.47,0:20:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can expect habitat to disappear for humans\Nwithin weeks after collapse is complete;
Dialogue: 0,0:20:59.31,0:21:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or within weeks of hitting the 2°C global average.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.74,0:21:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this water, relative to land, in the Southern Hemisphere
Dialogue: 0,0:21:08.08,0:21:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provides for a great ameliorating impact\Nin terms of temperature rise.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:12.47,0:21:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not to mention the fact that there's this large continent down there that still has quite a bit of ice;
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.30,0:21:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in contrast to the Arctic, where the Us Navy even predicts
Dialogue: 0,0:21:22.09,0:21:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Arctic ice will be gone by September 2016.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.03,0:21:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the US Navy; the headline says: the Arctic ice will disappear by 2016, 84 years ahead of schedule.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:35.09,0:21:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Laughter]\N- 84 years!
Dialogue: 0,0:21:38.25,0:21:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'm thinking: who wrote the schedule?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.74,0:21:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's ahead of... Who wrote the schedule??\NDid we put that on the calendar somewhere?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.08,0:21:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Journalists.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.24,0:22:00.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's huge, by the way. What happens in the Arctic doesn't stay in the Arctic. It ain't Vegas.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:00.43,0:22:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We loose the ice in the Arctic\Nand things get really weird in a hurry.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:04.83,0:22:09.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Arctic is the planet's ice... air conditioner.\NArctic Ice is the planetary conditioner.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.88,0:22:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One example,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:12.17,0:22:14.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to illustrate the point:
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.72,0:22:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To melt one gram of ice into one gram of water,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:22.19,0:22:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at zero degrees,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.64,0:22:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- so they are both at zero degrees,\Nthey are both at freezing -
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.96,0:22:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to melt one gram of ice to one gram of water\Nrequires 80 calories.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.88,0:22:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take that same 80 calories, put it into the gram of water, that is now melted at zero degrees,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.95,0:22:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put in the 80 calories,\Nit goes up to 80 degrees centigrade.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:48.00,0:22:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we get rid of the ice,\Nthat heat starts going into the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.13,0:22:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starts warming up the ocean,\Ninstead of melting ice.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.72,0:23:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Arctic ice is gone, an event we haven't\Nobserved in the human history,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.17,0:23:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to produce profound changes in the temperature,\Nglobal average temperature.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.06,0:23:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is one self-reinforcing feedback loop\Npresented in the ??? ?????? in 2010,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:17.76,0:23:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there are 4 more,\Ndiscovered and reported in 2011.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:23.67,0:23:29.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of those being Siberian methane, and methane was leaking out in Siberia as well out of land masses.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.16,0:23:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not just out of the Arctic,\Nit's out of land masses as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:32.24,0:23:38.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in Summer 2010, those methane events were about 30cm, about a foot in diameter.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.07,0:23:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so scientists would go out and light those on fire\Nlike these Roman candles,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.13,0:23:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that just go wweeashhh, you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.42,0:23:49.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look mum, I can light a fire.\NThis is what scientists do to get attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.84,0:23:53.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This summer of 2010, those methane events\Nare about 30 centimetres across.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:54.11,0:23:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Summer 2011, they're a kilometre across.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:58.22,0:24:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're seeing geological events play out in real time.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:02.00,0:24:05.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're beyond linear in terms of climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:05.71,0:24:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, one self-reinforcing\Nfeedback loop in 2010, 4 in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.37,0:24:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 6 in 2012...
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.80,0:24:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we are seeing an acceleration of the reporting\Nof the self-reinforcing feedback loops.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.38,0:24:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, in 2013, there were these 6...
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.36,0:24:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that gets us through July,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.18,0:24:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then there were these 6,\Nthat gets us through September.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:34.94,0:24:39.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there are these 4... so there were 16.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:40.01,0:24:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,16 reported in 2013.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.26,0:24:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So far only 1 reported in 2014 but we're running\Nout of places to categorize these things.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.70,0:24:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are learning a lot more about each of these\Nself-reinforcing feedback loops,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:53.27,0:24:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the evidence becomes\Nincreasingly dire and overwhelming.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:02.81,0:25:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally there are 2 reversible feedback loops...
Dialogue: 0,0:25:07.42,0:25:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...aah, we could not drill in the Arctic,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:10.100,0:25:15.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in fact we aren't, any more. Isn't that awesome?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:15.63,0:25:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shell went up there in 2012,\NSeptember, when they're fast tracked,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:19.68,0:25:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they sent the two rigs in the world deemed capable of\Nhandling the weather in the Arctic,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:25.50,0:25:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were crushed.\NSometimes nature bats last.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.69,0:25:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they went screen back and spent the\Nnext year and a half working on them,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:35.24,0:25:39.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they just announced, 2 weeks ago, \Nthat they're not going back.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:41.62,0:25:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That the seas are too hight, that we don't have\Nthe technology to extract that energy,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:46.53,0:25:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the energy doesn't have enough energy in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.17,0:25:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the energy return on investment is so low\Nthat it's just not worth it.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.66,0:25:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So far; we'll see if that holds.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:57.27,0:26:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An finally, if there's a way to save a buck,\Nwe're gonna take the short-cut, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.71,0:26:05.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of my neighbours,\Nin South-western New Mexico,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.41,0:26:09.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gave a presentation at a public library,\Nabout two and a half weeks ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.70,0:26:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was on the first ever tanker\Nto go through the ?? at Northwest Passage.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.11,0:26:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1969! He was on an oil freighter, of course,\Nthat busted it's way through the Northwest passage.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.03,0:26:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He described the experience in riveting detail,\Nit was a difficult task,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:29.72,0:26:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other boats to break out that ??\Nand it got stuck and... it was really tough going.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:35.20,0:26:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now is like you can go up there in your sail boat.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.34,0:26:42.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anybody in September can go through\Nthe Northwest Passage now, it's open water.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.69,0:26:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was 1969, not that long ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.63,0:26:50.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now what?
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.51,0:26:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I like to check in with the pinguins,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:54.09,0:26:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quick before we kill them all.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.78,0:27:02.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are two responses to this kind of information.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:02.33,0:27:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's the societal response, what do we do as a society,\Nand there's the individual response.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:08.14,0:27:11.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the societal response remains the same\Nas it has always been,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.67,0:27:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If the message is somehow \Nwe are going to ignore jobs and growth
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.76,0:27:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply to address climate change,...\NI won't go for that." (Barack Obama, 14 Nov. 2012)
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.51,0:27:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course not, this is again in that category\Nof promoting collapse,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:26.53,0:27:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and no politician is going to get up on the stage and say:
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.30,0:27:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,collapse is gonna save our species therefore \Nwe're gonna collapse the settle living arrangements.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.61,0:27:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Obama administration surely knew\Nabout this briefing
Dialogue: 0,0:27:43.36,0:27:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Alliance of Small Island States at COP15,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.39,0:27:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Copenhagen climate change meeting\Nthat they threw under the bus,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:50.13,0:27:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this line comes from their report:
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.89,0:27:58.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The long-term sea level that corresponds to current CO2 concentration is about 23 meters above today's levels..."
Dialogue: 0,0:27:58.63,0:28:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This one were 385ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere;\Nwe are now at 396.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.80,0:28:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"...and the temperatures will be 6 degrees C or more higher.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.90,0:28:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These estimates are based on real long-term\Nclimate records, not on models."
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.96,0:28:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there is a lag between\NCO2 emissions and temperature,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:17.28,0:28:20.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in the past,\Nbetween temperature and CO2 emissions.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.58,0:28:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the catching up is done, to 385ppm of CO2,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:26.31,0:28:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's gonna produce conditions which are\Nunsuitable for humans to survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.48,0:28:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So then, in terms of individual response, I'd like to turn to the moral philosopher Bruce Springsteen,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.59,0:28:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for my advise.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:42.49,0:28:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"In the end what you don't surrender,\Nwell the world just strips away"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:46.45,0:28:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or lets say it like a Zen Buddhist, "Let go or be dragged".
Dialogue: 0,0:28:50.63,0:28:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The near future will not be like the recent past.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.47,0:29:01.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or Carpe Diem, seize the day.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.38,0:29:07.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I speak at college campuses,\Nthe students point out after my presentation
Dialogue: 0,0:29:07.19,0:29:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I'm pronouncing this incorrectly.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:10.13,0:29:12.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually crappy diem.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.24,0:29:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As in "You ruined my day."
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.90,0:29:20.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or from Nietzsche, "live as though the day were here"\Nto which I would add one thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.81,0:29:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's from the philosopher that pre-dated Nietzsche\Nby a couple thousand years,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.38,0:29:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hippocrates, from the 'Hippocratic Oath':\N"First, do no harm".
Dialogue: 0,0:29:32.35,0:29:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, from the poet Leon Staff\Nin the 'Warsaw Ghetto'
Dialogue: 0,0:29:37.94,0:29:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Even more than bread we now need poetry,\Nin a time that it seems that it is not needed at all."
Dialogue: 0,0:29:47.64,0:29:51.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had science and technology for quite a long time,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:52.46,0:29:57.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the technology produced by\Nthe knowledge that comes from science
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.43,0:30:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been catastrophic.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:00.26,0:30:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's take the window berry brow,\Ndo some poetry now.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:06.21,0:30:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I always finished like a Hollywood movie.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.45,0:30:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have really good news...
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.77,0:30:16.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You get to die.\N[DNA assures our unique stature (i.e., you get to die)]
Dialogue: 0,0:30:16.20,0:30:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that awesome?
Dialogue: 0,0:30:18.49,0:30:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is, it means you got to live;\Nand the odds against you living,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:21.61,0:30:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the odds against this collection of DNA being present,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.93,0:30:31.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exceed the odds against plucking at random\Na single atom from the entire Universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:32.97,0:30:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know a lot about DNA, we know roughly how many atoms there are in the Universe:
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.35,0:30:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between 10^80 and 10^100 atoms in the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:41.44,0:30:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The odds against you being here,\Nyou being in this physical form,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:45.10,0:30:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your DNA appearing in this collection,\Nin this human body,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.28,0:30:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any time, ever, exceed by far the odds against plucking a single atom from the entire Universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.29,0:31:00.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I believed in miracles I would think we all were one.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:00.78,0:31:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's incredible! We get to die.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.26,0:31:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that means, we get to live.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:07.83,0:31:10.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins said:
Dialogue: 0,0:31:11.01,0:31:15.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"In the teeth of these stupefying odds,\Nit is you and I that are privileged to be here,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:15.95,0:31:20.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,privileged with eyes to see where we are\Nand brains to wonder why."
Dialogue: 0,0:31:20.88,0:31:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody else gets to do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:22.90,0:31:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'll add something else:
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.06,0:31:28.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are here at the end.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:28.73,0:31:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody else you've ever known\Nchecked out before the movie was over.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.26,0:31:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Oh shit!
Dialogue: 0,0:31:33.46,0:31:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And we get to be here AT THE END.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.51,0:31:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If that isn't awesome I don't know what is.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:42.81,0:31:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is amazing because we are the last human beings to get to display our humanity,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.54,0:31:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get to demonstrate the best\Nof what it means to be human.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:54.09,0:31:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get to act as if we're in hospice\Nbecause we are.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.44,0:32:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the whole planet is at this point,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:00.37,0:32:05.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including the species that remain, after we drive 200 species to extinction every day.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.46,0:32:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The whole planet is in hospice.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.50,0:32:11.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I see people in hospice\NI don't see people grumping for another dollar.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:11.51,0:32:13.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see people giving things away.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:13.78,0:32:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't see people hoarding,\NI see people giving of themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:17.81,0:32:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see people acting with kindness and compassion,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.04,0:32:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going out with some ??? of dignity.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:24.97,0:32:26.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's try that!
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.69,0:32:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if all the data are wrong; even if I'm wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:31.33,0:32:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wouldn't that be something?
Dialogue: 0,0:32:33.67,0:32:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wouldn't that be a pretty reasonable way to live?
Dialogue: 0,0:32:37.59,0:32:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think so.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.43,0:32:42.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I've been called some funny names.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:42.35,0:32:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things that we might pursue in hospice,\Nand here is the typical CEO response:
Dialogue: 0,0:32:46.90,0:32:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And so, while the end-of-the-world scenario\Nwill be rife with unimaginable horrors,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:51.80,0:32:56.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we believe that the pre-end period will be filled with unprecedented opportunities for profit."
Dialogue: 0,0:32:57.44,0:33:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:33:00.97,0:33:03.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this is the Goldman Sachs approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.04,0:33:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, this is ???
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.12,0:33:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Jamie Diamond,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:09.22,0:33:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the people who apparently just love money\Nso much that they must have more.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:15.52,0:33:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the 85 people on the planet...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:19.41,0:33:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...who have much net financial worth as...\Nhalf of the people in the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:27.39,0:33:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I don't think this would be anybody in this room\Nor you wouldn't be in this room.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.87,0:33:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's money to be made out there.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:34.06,0:33:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Still money to be made in planetary destruction;\Nget out there and get after it!
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.87,0:33:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, I don't think this is us.I think...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:40.73,0:33:44.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we are the people who actually might be interested in pursuing something different than that,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:44.77,0:33:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something other than fiat currency, like:\Nwe might pursue love, in lives of excellence.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:50.46,0:33:54.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by lives of excellence I am thinking here\Nof Socrates and his approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:55.18,0:33:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He spent an entire life asking 6 questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:58.29,0:34:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 questions! That's all, he just went around asking people questions; 6 questions at various forms.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.32,0:34:06.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is courage?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:06.58,0:34:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is good?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.57,0:34:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is justice?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:10.54,0:34:13.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is moderation? What is piety? What is virtue?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.01,0:34:15.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:15.77,0:34:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After 7 years they killed him for it.\NWe should be so lucky.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.14,0:34:23.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To ????? so much that we... just by asking questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:24.13,0:34:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the state can't tolerate us anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:27.25,0:34:31.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What a way to go! Nobody gets out alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:31.60,0:34:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's a life of excelence; and pursuing love,\Npursuing those we love.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:34.90,0:34:38.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I´m thinking about your children, your grandchildren, \Nthe people you love spending time with,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:38.98,0:34:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm also thinking about the living planet\Nthat sustains us all.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:43.98,0:34:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a living planet that allows us to live.\NNot the other way around.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.65,0:34:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I used to say, before the great recession really kicked in,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.51,0:34:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if you think the economy\Nis more important then the environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.43,0:35:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,try holding your breath while counting your money.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:03.24,0:35:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then I'd speak in Michigan\Nand people would pull out their wallet,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.33,0:35:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while holding their breath, and put it back in and say:\N"what else do you got?"
Dialogue: 0,0:35:11.40,0:35:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They didn't take but a couple of minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:14.12,0:35:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because in Michigan they're in the front line of collapse.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.29,0:35:21.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we can do better than what we've been doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:22.65,0:35:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Occasionally people despair,\Nwhile hearing me speak...
Dialogue: 0,0:35:27.34,0:35:29.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:35:30.70,0:35:33.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Astonishing, I know.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:33.38,0:35:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or from the ??? ???: "Inconceivable!"
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.24,0:35:41.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To which I respond:\NThe action is the antidote to despair.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:41.91,0:35:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if, especially if,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.24,0:35:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our actions don't matter in the long run.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.08,0:35:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What better judge of our character\Nthan our willingness and ability to act?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:55.27,0:35:59.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I once read that the best judgement of a man's character - obviously this wasn't written by a man -
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.66,0:36:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the best judgement of a man's character is what he can do for those who do nothing for him.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:04.56,0:36:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What he does for those who can do nothing for him.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:10.21,0:36:13.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So think about that. Think about people\Nwho can't do nothing for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:14.04,0:36:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have power over them, and yet you treat them with kindness and dignity and compassion.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.24,0:36:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can do that... about everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:23.53,0:36:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not just about our character, it's about everything we do; it's about our humanity.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.51,0:36:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Action is the antidote to despair.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:31.50,0:36:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is iconoclastic, ??????? pointed out\Nyears and years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.67,0:36:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you're damned if you do\Nand damned if you don't,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:41.77,0:36:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then do! What do you got to loose?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:45.05,0:36:47.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do we got to loose?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:47.28,0:36:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do something!
Dialogue: 0,0:36:50.94,0:36:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if ultimately it wont make any difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:55.33,0:37:00.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are judged only by ourselves.\NThere is no History left to judge us anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:04.36,0:37:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you wanna learn more about my writting,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.16,0:37:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how could you not,\N[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:37:13.68,0:37:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I write profusely at 'Nature Bats Last', guymcpherson.com
Dialogue: 0,0:37:18.60,0:37:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I write a monthly essay for 'Transition Voice since the ??? was found dead about 4 years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.39,0:37:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my latest effort is with a couple\Nof other teachers and homesteaders
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.83,0:37:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in preparing people for an ambiguous future.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:36.82,0:37:40.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, my latest book is called 'Going Dark',\Nand I have copies here.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:41.08,0:37:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I promote in practice a gift economy, which means\Nyou can just take one if you want.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:45.61,0:37:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are also bookmarks; laminated bookmarks.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.11,0:37:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the bookmarks have, most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:53.42,0:37:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this url on them.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.50,0:38:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there's an essay in 'Going Dark' that starts on page 85,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.09,0:38:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that describes the dire nature of the climate situation. \NI've only given just a brief overview here.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:06.57,0:38:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all this information can be found with links, at:\Nguymcpherson.com/climate-chaos/
Dialogue: 0,0:38:13.64,0:38:19.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That url is on these bookmarks, so by all means\Ntake a bookmark, take a book,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:19.83,0:38:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you wanna give me a gift back\Nyou can give me fiat currency, but...
Dialogue: 0,0:38:25.57,0:38:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I'm not asking for that.\NIf you want, give me a gift.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:28.61,0:38:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes when I speak at college campuses, nobody has any money, of course specially college students;
Dialogue: 0,0:38:33.07,0:38:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they owe their entire life savings,\Nforever, to the federal government,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:37.38,0:38:39.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just for the privilege of going to school,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:40.08,0:38:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so, frequently they give me pieces of art.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:43.78,0:38:48.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, last time that I spoke in a college campus\Nit was in Winnipeg,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.56,0:38:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I complained that I would sign books\Nbut I don't have a pen,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.42,0:38:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so the first guy says "Here,\Nyou can have my pen. I'll take a book."
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.99,0:39:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, sounds great! Thoughtfull.\NSome people are clever.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.66,0:39:06.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would be... ecstatic\Nto entertain your questions, or comments,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.10,0:39:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at this point, of course,\Nanswers are particularly welcome.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:10.37,0:39:14.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much attention and,\Nplease, lets have a discussion.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:14.73,0:39:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]
Dialogue: 0,0:39:22.21,0:39:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you! Can we turn the lights up?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:24.96,0:39:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the way in the back there?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.94,0:39:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Do you see any possibilities for a mass-scale investment in carbon sequestration,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:32.03,0:39:37.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,soils, trees, plants,\Nin a time scale that could make a difference?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.82,0:39:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I heard a trillion tree programme ??? ???
Dialogue: 0,0:39:44.04,0:39:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right... - ...and soils; those sequestred\Nin a time frame that may yet be relevant?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.86,0:39:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- No. - O.K.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:53.06,0:39:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And a primary reason for that is...
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.28,0:40:01.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's gonna require an enormous amount\Nof fossil fuel energy to plant trees,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:01.87,0:40:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to transport the water to the desert where that project proposes planting those trees.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.93,0:40:15.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition, the time is so short,\Nwe are talking a decade and a half.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:16.57,0:40:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To implement change, trees just are not gonna grow that fast and sequester that much carbon.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:21.75,0:40:24.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition, they are carbon neutral.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:25.43,0:40:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You plant the trees, they grow, they sequester the carbon, and then what happens for them?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:29.99,0:40:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- They die. - That's right, they die, and almost all that carbon is released back up to the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.35,0:40:39.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They fix some in the soils, in ???, depends on the ecosystem how much they fix in the soils...
Dialogue: 0,0:40:39.25,0:40:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I don't see that; and I read about this data that this essay, with few likes.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:45.79,0:40:49.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Aaahm... right up here. Maybe not.\NGo ahead.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:50.10,0:40:56.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Did you say that link that...That link will have information from your presentation, or?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:56.80,0:41:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yes. All the information I presented here\Nis included there, and there´s links to everything I said.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.59,0:41:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- O.K.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:04.68,0:41:11.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So, this is the single best source of what's going on\Nin the real world of climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:12.02,0:41:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-O.K. I have a second question.Earlier you were talking about positive feedback loops,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.34,0:41:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was just wondering if the ones you listed, you said there was two that we could change,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:23.36,0:41:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'reversible', and there were 16, was it?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:26.06,0:41:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- 28. - Oh, 28, yeah, right, yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:29.32,0:41:34.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ones you listed... I mean... what about like...
Dialogue: 0,0:41:35.26,0:41:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the plankton that dies and\Nthe carbon that's released from that,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:39.38,0:41:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's like a sink, and then like the... I don't know...
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.99,0:41:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I love it when I´m the most\Noptimistic person in the room!
Dialogue: 0,0:41:47.78,0:41:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]\N-Yeah, and then there's a...
Dialogue: 0,0:41:49.96,0:41:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah, these are the ones that are reported in sort of the mainstream scientific arena.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:54.89,0:41:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there may well be others that people haven't thought over, that we haven't documented yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:00.04,0:42:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like the fact that all those phytoplanktons are gonna die
Dialogue: 0,0:42:03.67,0:42:07.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are gonna be unable\Nto fix the carbon they're fixing now.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:07.100,0:42:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:09.81,0:42:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah. You're a happy good lucky guy, I can tell.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:12.72,0:42:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You love the fun of the party, aren't you?\N[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:42:15.82,0:42:22.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I have read climate scientists who don't ??? ??? \NI read Hanson, Kevin Anderson...
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.49,0:42:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,none of them, so far that I have known, predict that human beings are gong to be extinct in 15 years
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.62,0:42:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[imperceptible]
Dialogue: 0,0:42:33.03,0:42:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yes, that's right
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.72,0:42:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Why?. What facts do you have\Nthat we're not hearing from other scientists?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:39.09,0:42:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Almost nobody is willing to admit\Nthat the clathrate gun has been fired.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.42,0:42:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That includes Hanson. Although Hanson made\Na major shift within the last month.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:47.67,0:42:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Up until a month ago, he said that\N2°C is a relevant target,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:53.68,0:42:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and less than a month ago, he said 1°C; we can not possibly go beyond 1°C.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:59.06,0:43:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we've known since the United Nations (UN) \Ngreenhouse gas task force reported,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.20,0:43:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in October 1990, that we can't go over 1°C\Nor it's gonna be utter catastrophe.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.38,0:43:14.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it turns out that we have our utter catastrophe with the self-reinforcing feedback loops at .85
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.98,0:43:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Earlier than expected.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.85,0:43:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kevin Anderson is the guy in the UK that doesn't fly,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.00,0:43:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...and he is the person who comes\Nthe closest to anybody I know
Dialogue: 0,0:43:25.58,0:43:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who still has a job who speaks truth to power.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:29.02,0:43:32.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I have great respect for him\Nand great respect for James Hanson,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:32.44,0:43:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although James Hanson is still on the nuclear phase
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.56,0:43:40.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unaware that recent scientific\Nliterature indicates that
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.17,0:43:46.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nuclear power plants are not carbon neutral,\Nthey actually produce fossil fuel carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:43:46.81,0:43:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to build them, and get them going; over their life span,\Nthey are carbon intensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:53.37,0:43:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I think Hanson is behind the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:59.59,0:44:02.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, he has been outspoken for a long time,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:02.47,0:44:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I don't think he has kept up\Nwith the relevant literature.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:07.91,0:44:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What are your thoughts about Fukushima?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.64,0:44:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What are my thoughts about Fukushima?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:14.50,0:44:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it was probably a bad idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:17.14,0:44:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.27,0:44:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wasn't done with my sentence...
Dialogue: 0,0:44:26.75,0:44:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who's that actor? That guy... when he gets a script he throws out all the punctuation?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.36,0:44:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptable]
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.79,0:44:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe him too, but it´s not...
Dialogue: 0,0:44:36.40,0:44:38.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christopher Walken!
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.17,0:44:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christopher Walken throws out the punctuation\Nand that's why...
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.44,0:44:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he has these unusual gaps in the way he speaks.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:44.90,0:44:47.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He doesn't make a lot of sense, sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.96,0:44:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a funny guy!
Dialogue: 0,0:44:50.49,0:44:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I digress.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:53.48,0:44:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's a bad idea to...
Dialogue: 0,0:44:56.93,0:45:03.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...to implement a programme so that we can boil water
Dialogue: 0,0:45:04.13,0:45:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without having the slightest clue\Nof what to do with the waste product.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.50,0:45:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Waste products that last millions of years,\Nin the case of plutonium.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.98,0:45:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There has never been a human structure\Nto last longer than 50 thousand years.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.79,0:45:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're so filled with uberess that we think "oh, we'll fix that; we'll solve that later."
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.62,0:45:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in 1939, when the nuclear age begin, we just assumed someone would fix that down the road.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:27.95,0:45:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what, nobody fixed it.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:31.88,0:45:37.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a paper presented at\NAmerican Geophysical Union meetings...
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.40,0:45:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aahm, Robin: what's the guy's name?\N- Brad Werner.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:42.14,0:45:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brad Werner; if he was in Germany it would be Verner.\NBut he's Brad Werner.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:47.06,0:45:51.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the title of his talk was "Is Earth Fucked".
Dialogue: 0,0:45:51.69,0:45:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.30,0:45:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think he.... yeah. I mean he did answered it.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:58.74,0:46:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's pretty clear that because of cluster Fukushima...
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.26,0:46:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somewhere such events, I mean, \Njust consider Fukushima,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.77,0:46:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which according to Hellen Calicut, Arnic Anderson \Nand David Suzuki and other nuclear folks,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.56,0:46:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fukushima alone represents a significant threat\Nto human habitat in the Northern Hemisphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:23.51,0:46:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is four hundred and forty some\Nnuclear power plants around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.06,0:46:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so if we collapse the settled living arrangements,\Nif we stop,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:31.82,0:46:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we get that president that stands up and says \N"I'm gonna have lights out by the day after tomorrow",
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.31,0:46:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we actually pull that off, \Nthan we could have stopped runaway greenhouse,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:40.16,0:46:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we did that like 40 years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.63,0:46:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but,then all the nuclear power plants\Nin the world melted out,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:46.64,0:46:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that's gonna be inconvenient.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:50.50,0:46:52.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Why would they melt down?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:52.74,0:46:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they rely upon grid tie electricity
Dialogue: 0,0:46:55.84,0:46:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to maintain the circulation of the water\Nthrough the cooling ponds.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:00.23,0:47:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until those spent few rods spend years in this cooling ponds
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.31,0:47:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then are stored into dry cask storage,\Nthey're dangerous.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:13.72,0:47:16.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, they're dangerous for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:16.42,0:47:21.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a panel in New York City late last year,\Nincluding Ralph Nader
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.38,0:47:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the most recent ex-head of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.50,0:47:30.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were asked, at the very end of the panel, how long it would take to decommission Indian Point,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:30.13,0:47:34.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new nuclear power plant right outside New York City. And they hummed and hummed, refusing to answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:34.23,0:47:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, they were badgered long enoug that they had to come with an answer. They said 6 decades...
Dialogue: 0,0:47:40.40,0:47:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to shut down Indian Point.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:44.31,0:47:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 decades...
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.22,0:47:49.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a long time!
Dialogue: 0,0:47:50.11,0:47:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Forever is a long time,\Nespecially towards the end.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:53.41,0:48:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- A difficult question. I have read a novel about global warming and it described a lot of what you are saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:00.04,0:48:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I also struggle with this idea, we have a mythology that human beings are this sort of alien presence
Dialogue: 0,0:48:06.76,0:48:11.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're doing this terrible thing to nature. \NAnd to point a fact: we are nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:11.97,0:48:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is nothing outside of nature\Nand we are exactly what nature is doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:16.24,0:48:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, you know, if I go over Phoenix,\Nor looking at what's going on in China,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:20.99,0:48:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it seems like it's nature doing this;
Dialogue: 0,0:48:24.90,0:48:30.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from your philosophical side... because often we want to demonize people for going to Disneyland
Dialogue: 0,0:48:30.49,0:48:37.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or driving a SUV, but you know what? Usually is, in many cases, their best human emotions,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:37.78,0:48:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they want their families safe so, out of love they think and consider these things safe,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.65,0:48:45.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but of course, wont, but they're going to Disneyland because they are doing it for their kids.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:45.70,0:48:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you are working against something so fundamental in the human experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:50.33,0:48:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it's also, probably, the best art\Nthat people experience themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:55.57,0:48:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to tell them "now you are wrong;\Nnow you're destroying everything
Dialogue: 0,0:48:59.55,0:49:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you're an abomination to all of nature"\Nit's a very difficult thing philosophicaly.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:03.76,0:49:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'd like to know your philosopher side; if we are nature... and we didn't come from another planet,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.96,0:49:14.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are doing what nature wants done here.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:14.69,0:49:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Anybody familiar with Lucy Kay? Comediant.\N- Oh Yeah!
Dialogue: 0,0:49:18.17,0:49:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Social character, Lucy Kay? I love this.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:20.26,0:49:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The one on Indians? This one little one minute clip\Non Indians, it's awesome.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:25.78,0:49:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says "Sometimes I think people came from like another planet." That's how he starts.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:29.74,0:49:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, they were just that alien.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:33.66,0:49:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But no, we are in fact part of nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.86,0:49:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We act as if we are apart from nature,\Ninstead of a part of nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:40.57,0:49:42.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we're definitely a part of nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:43.28,0:49:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are the mutant part.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:46.52,0:49:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million years human beings lived on the planet without going and taking a population overshoot.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:50.68,0:49:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million years humans lived on the planet, at the global level, without going to human population overshoot.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.20,0:50:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million years we lived in... in systems, in social systems,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:04.38,0:50:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that did not allow for degradation of human habitat.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:10.04,0:50:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, a few thousand years ago\Nwe discovered civilization
Dialogue: 0,0:50:14.16,0:50:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and civilization grew several times, more or less, ...several places, more or less simultaneously
Dialogue: 0,0:50:18.98,0:50:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from then it's all have been a wild drive, \Nwe were immediately in overpopulation overshoot
Dialogue: 0,0:50:24.55,0:50:28.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and started destroying water and fouling the air and washing the soil into the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:28.37,0:50:31.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all that stuff we have been doing since then,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.34,0:50:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,furthermore ???? up human population overshoot,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:34.27,0:50:37.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the rate of 207 thousand or so people a day,\Nthat's ???
Dialogue: 0,0:50:37.07,0:50:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so, if you're looking for fault, for blame, it's not you and me.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:44.27,0:50:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's these settled living arrangements\Ninto which we have been born.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:47.84,0:50:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are born into captivity, we are born in the civilization, \Nwe didn't get to choose.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:52.07,0:50:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody comes out and says\N"Oh shit! No, I'm going back in."
Dialogue: 0,0:50:57.34,0:50:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:50:58.91,0:51:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right? Not only that but it just keeps getting better, right?, We've got ipods now.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:03.47,0:51:07.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the whole thing.\NAnd it just looks like it keeps getting better.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:08.00,0:51:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every year my life\Nhas been worse than the year before.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:10.78,0:51:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every year we dirty more air and foul more water\Nand that whole thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:14.05,0:51:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and everybody I know thinks it's getting better\Nbecause we have smartphones. Right?
Dialogue: 0,0:51:19.11,0:51:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's my bumper sticker\N"Genocide for Smartphones".
Dialogue: 0,0:51:22.91,0:51:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know how we chose, didn't we?
Dialogue: 0,0:51:25.39,0:51:29.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,More about blame. Of course it's not our fault, we're born into this settled living arangements,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:29.01,0:51:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did what society expected of us\Nand if we didn't we were called crazy...
Dialogue: 0,0:51:34.08,0:51:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and furthermore, it's FORTY YEARS... from cause to effect;
Dialogue: 0,0:51:39.94,0:51:43.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's 40 years from greenhouse gas emissions\Nuntil temperature rise.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:45.75,0:51:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,40 years! Forty years ago, I was 13.\NI wasn't even driving.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:52.10,0:51:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was looking forward to it, having no clue, in my early teens, what the consequences would be.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:59.90,0:52:01.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,None of us knew.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:02.17,0:52:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you knew 40 years ago\Nthat we were headed for the abyss,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:06.95,0:52:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you lived this long,\Nyou're a stronger person than me.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:11.21,0:52:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To have that clatter around in your head...\N- Thank you!
Dialogue: 0,0:52:14.77,0:52:16.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah, thank you!
Dialogue: 0,0:52:17.29,0:52:19.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:52:21.34,0:52:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Did she just say ...\NDid she just thank me for calling her crazy?
Dialogue: 0,0:52:26.27,0:52:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I almost never get that!
Dialogue: 0,0:52:28.00,0:52:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, You're all crazy!
Dialogue: 0,0:52:30.27,0:52:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Thank you! - Thank you!\N[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:52:33.10,0:52:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it's 40 years from cause to effect,\Nfrom action to consequence
Dialogue: 0,0:52:39.32,0:52:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of warming of the planet,\Nand within the last 29 years
Dialogue: 0,0:52:43.75,0:52:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we generated more greenhouse gas emissions than in the previous 236 years combined.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:49.13,0:52:54.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we haven't even begun to see the temperature rise associated with those last 29 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:56.08,0:53:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,.85 is a walk in the park\Ncompared to what's coming.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:00.48,0:53:02.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,.85 °C rise.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:02.85,0:53:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I'm not looking to blame anybody,\Nexcept the whole thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:10.40,0:53:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The whole system is irredeemably corrupt,\Nand we just showed up,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:14.01,0:53:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like we didn't get to choose it.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:15.68,0:53:19.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We could have chose sometime when we wouldn't get to see the end of the movie.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:19.41,0:53:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for most people, they think that was better.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:24.75,0:53:31.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What do you think of some of these ideas about shooting particles up in the atmosphere?
Dialogue: 0,0:53:32.40,0:53:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Geoengineering is a fine question.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:35.75,0:53:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lets see what the\Nintergovernmental panel on climate change,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:39.94,0:53:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their latest assessment, which ???,\Nwhich has been heavily leeked,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:44.48,0:53:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they say "Global warming is irreversible without massive geoengineering of the atmosphere's chemistry."
Dialogue: 0,0:53:48.69,0:53:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's a direct quote.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:50.52,0:53:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since then, we've got a paper coming out from Earth System Dynamics, that says:
Dialogue: 0,0:53:53.43,0:53:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Climate geo-engineering cannot simply\Nbe used to undo global warming"
Dialogue: 0,0:53:59.29,0:54:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next paper: "Geoengineering may succeed in cooling the Earth, but it would also
Dialogue: 0,0:54:02.56,0:54:06.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disrupt precipitation patterns around the world."so we couldn't actually grow any food.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:07.01,0:54:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next paper: "Attempts to reverse the impacts of global warming
Dialogue: 0,0:54:10.08,0:54:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by injecting reflective particles into the stratosphere could make matters worse."
Dialogue: 0,0:54:14.01,0:54:19.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next paper Environmental Research Letters "Risk of abrupt and dangerous warming is inherent
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.57,0:54:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the large-scale implementation of ..." Solar Radiation Management. Putting particles up into the air.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:25.14,0:54:28.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next paper, from a couple of days ago. Current schemes,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:28.57,0:54:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this paper looked at 5, the 5 most common current schemes of geoengineering,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:33.83,0:54:38.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Current schemes are likely to either be relatively useless or actually make things worse"
Dialogue: 0,0:54:38.90,0:54:41.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, let's ask the people what they think.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:41.54,0:54:44.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They think it's a stupid idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:45.25,0:54:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I agree with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:47.18,0:54:50.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For a change, I agree with people in this completely irredeemably corrupt society.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:51.58,0:54:53.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think they figured this one out.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:56.41,0:55:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptible]
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.18,0:55:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- ...there is nothing that can be done, doesn't make any difference ???,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:06.94,0:55:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing can change the fact that everyone in this room is going to die from climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:13.98,0:55:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do yo feel that presenting things in that form actually encourages people to try and do something about it?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:23.26,0:55:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- No.\N- No. It doesn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:25.76,0:55:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- For several reasons. First of all, I don't know anybody, well there's a handful of people around the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:30.80,0:55:34.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,??? resistance members among them, who are trying to terminate the settle living arrangements.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:34.61,0:55:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been trying to do that for a long time and it really hasn't worked out very well.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:39.51,0:55:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2, people say: Well, in light of this information don't you think people will become hedonists?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:46.29,0:55:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:55:49.70,0:55:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Americans? [Laugter]
Dialogue: 0,0:55:52.18,0:55:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Becoming hedonists?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:54.53,0:55:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would I tell the difference?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:57.31,0:55:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We could have everything we want, we have the world's reserve currency.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:00.06,0:56:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know a single college student who doesn't show up at college having made a requisite trip to Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:05.47,0:56:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was a big deal when I was a kid. You got to love stories that start like "When I was a kid..."
Dialogue: 0,0:56:09.29,0:56:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was a kid, people didn't just go to Europe\Nwhen they're in Highschool.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:14.26,0:56:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was inconceivable\Nthat anybody would do such a thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:17.40,0:56:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Am I afraid people will start acting like hedonists?\NNot really.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:23.71,0:56:28.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha... I bet this story isn't true\Nbut I'm gonna tell it as if it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:29.02,0:56:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha, apparently, asked one of his students how frequently he thought about death,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:33.85,0:56:38.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the student goes "I think about death pretty much all the time, probably 100 times a day."
Dialogue: 0,0:56:38.09,0:56:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha goes "You must think about death\Nwith every breath."
Dialogue: 0,0:56:43.16,0:56:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's live. Let's live here, now.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:46.42,0:56:50.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You all knew you were gonna die.\NRight? Since you were 11 or so?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:51.99,0:56:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you reach this understanding when you're 5 or so,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:55.18,0:56:58.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apparently you realize that you're gonna die but you don't really have a chance to synthesise,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:58.75,0:57:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to integrate it into your being.\NBut by the time you're 10 or 12 years old,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:02.41,0:57:07.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody knows that death doesn't do just apply to grandma, it applies to them too.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:07.98,0:57:10.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I remember, actually, when my grandmother died when I was 11 years old,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:10.93,0:57:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I cried for 2 weeks and I barely knew the woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:14.58,0:57:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, I met her a few times, she lived always away, \Nand I didn't know her at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:19.48,0:57:24.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I cried for a long time, and later, much later, \Nit occurred to me that I wasn't crying for her.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:24.92,0:57:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was crying for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:27.69,0:57:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was an indicator that I'm mortal too.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.36,0:57:32.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I hate that!
Dialogue: 0,0:57:32.55,0:57:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean I don't mind that nobody gets out alive,\Nas long as I'm an exception.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:36.12,0:57:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:57:39.19,0:57:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the wolf is always at the door. Right?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:43.00,0:57:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's act with some urgency in our lives; lets act as if the here and now matters;
Dialogue: 0,0:57:47.92,0:57:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's act as if people around us matter; let's act as if the living planet matters too.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:53.32,0:57:57.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's all I'm suggesting. I'm suggesting that we act.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:59.58,0:58:04.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am also suggesting that\NI can't imagine it will work to save our species,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:04.46,0:58:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as a conservation biologist I have long known that humans were gonna go extinct.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:10.59,0:58:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't know it would be on my watch.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:13.59,0:58:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But...
Dialogue: 0,0:58:17.07,0:58:19.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,...all species go extinct,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:20.42,0:58:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including the most clever of them all.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:24.54,0:58:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You, you with the hat.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:26.10,0:58:31.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says: Is it true that you're investing heavily in start up space travel companies?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:31.89,0:58:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or are you relying upon intervention\Nby friendly extra-terrestrial?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:37.17,0:58:39.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Laughter]
Dialogue: 0,0:58:39.99,0:58:42.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, I'm not investing in space travel.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.92,0:58:51.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I suggest that we live here, now. That's sort of inconsistent with jumping in a space-ship.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:53.24,0:58:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I read the Martian chronicles when I was a kid
Dialogue: 0,0:58:55.28,0:58:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I don't know if you remember Ray Bradbury's classic commercial chronicles? -
Dialogue: 0,0:58:58.29,0:59:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people were starting to kill each other in mass here on Earth, so the rest of the people decided to go on Mars,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:04.75,0:59:08.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it wasn't long that they were on Mars before they could look back and see
Dialogue: 0,0:59:08.22,0:59:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody on Earth killing themselves, and by that time the process was well under way on Mars.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:14.16,0:59:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we not only have to escape,\Nwe have to change human behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:18.86,0:59:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With respect to aliens,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:22.85,0:59:26.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all you have to do is pretend that I'm an alien,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:26.46,0:59:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now convince me. Tell me why you're worth saving?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:31.35,0:59:33.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tell me why you're worth extending the run
Dialogue: 0,0:59:33.75,0:59:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the species that is driving to extinction\N200 species a day?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:39.51,0:59:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tell me why you're worth saving,\Nwhen you're not saving anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:44.82,0:59:47.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you can do that, you can have the microphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:51.66,0:59:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have 2 questions. The quick one... I kind of missed what you meant by clathrate gun.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:00.44,1:00:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not my main question; that just came up from your answers to other people's questions.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:08.48,1:00:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aah... people that I know who question climate science,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:13.45,1:00:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aahm... one of the big arguments that they make... is.. ahm
Dialogue: 0,1:00:20.71,1:00:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ok aah... with carbon you're talking parts per millionth, with methane you're talking parts per billionth,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:32.25,1:00:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they say that really the biggest greenhouse gas, the thing that can hold the most heat
Dialogue: 0,1:00:44.90,1:00:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is water in the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:47.82,1:00:51.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is, I'm not sure exactly but it's aah
Dialogue: 0,1:00:51.66,1:00:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- That's correct, by the way. The biggest greenhouse gas is water in the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:59.06,1:01:00.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So...
Dialogue: 0,1:01:01.15,1:01:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right. It's a little change in a little number. What can possibly go wrong?
Dialogue: 0,1:01:05.95,1:01:08.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:08.26,1:01:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah, I've heard that one.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:11.16,1:01:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- aahm... When you ingest Anthrax it's a little number,\Nthat has a big change.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:19.67,1:01:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,280ppm is not 400ppm.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:23.50,1:01:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you question the greenhouse effect,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:26.86,1:01:31.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go out in your car on a sunny day, with the windows down,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:32.46,1:01:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's almost the same temperature inside as out, \Nand then roll up the windows.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:37.10,1:01:42.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like in 5 minutes is a little uncomfortable. \NWell, in 15 is a lot of uncomfortable and 30 minutes...
Dialogue: 0,1:01:42.86,1:01:47.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- ... ??? of the car it's the window. [Imperceptible]
Dialogue: 0,1:01:47.77,1:01:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right, and so this is an excellent analogy for Earth\Nwith a whole bunch of windows,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:55.82,1:02:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every molecule of CO2, above baseline,\Nis rolling up a little window,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:01.85,1:02:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it takes 40 years\Nfor those effects to be felt.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:06.66,1:02:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure how to convince people\Nwho are unconvinced by evidence.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:14.02,1:02:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no... I don't think there's any way to do that.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:18.95,1:02:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's clear to me that global warming is going on,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:22.38,1:02:28.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the math between parts per millionth\Nand parts per billionth and
Dialogue: 0,1:02:29.90,1:02:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,water vapor, which I'm not sure exactly\Nbut it's much different,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:35.24,1:02:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I have a hard time at making that math work,\Nmaking it, conceptualizing it,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:41.85,1:02:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole "yeah, that's what it is!".
Dialogue: 0,1:02:46.74,1:02:49.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, I'm not sure I can help you then because
Dialogue: 0,1:02:50.86,1:02:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can put greenhouse emissions or global warming or climate change in the search box,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:57.66,1:03:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your favorite search engine, and find abundant information
Dialogue: 0,1:03:00.02,1:03:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is merely elucidation of\Nwhat has become the scientific obvious.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:04.80,1:03:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1847, George Perkins Marsh,\NUnited States ambassador and naturalist,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:12.79,1:03:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- is it not interesting? What a weird combination.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:16.24,1:03:21.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't see many ambassadors these days who aren't attorneys, much less who are naturalists -
Dialogue: 0,1:03:21.80,1:03:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1847, before we started burning any fossil fuels at scale,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:25.73,1:03:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1847, George Perkins Marsh predicted global warming\Nas a result of burning fossil fuels.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:33.94,1:03:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By 1896, Svante Arrhenius, who went on to win\Nthe Nobel Prize in Chemistry,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:38.68,1:03:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predicted we would observe a 1°C temperature rise - global temperature, planetary average -
Dialogue: 0,1:03:45.54,1:03:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the year 2000, if we keep burning fossil fuels.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:49.64,1:03:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mechanism has been known for a really long time,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:51.98,1:03:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was demonstrated in practice by Guy Kalender,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:55.58,1:04:00.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1938, in a paper by Royal Society,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:00.21,1:04:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 1938 he demonstrated there was a significant rise in global average temperature.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:07.47,1:04:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a 40 year lag, he documented that rise in about 1915,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:12.94,1:04:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 40 years after we started\Nburning fossil fuels at scale.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:18.47,1:04:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The evidence is overwhelming.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:20.54,1:04:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it can't convince somebody\Nthen it can't convince somebody,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:22.95,1:04:25.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm not interested in trying to convincing them.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:25.03,1:04:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's pointless.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:27.16,1:04:29.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is like the difference\Nbetween trying to convince people
Dialogue: 0,1:04:29.87,1:04:33.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who believe in climate change,\Nbut that it's not that bad.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:39.11,1:04:43.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The burning of fossil fuels, of course, creates heat,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:44.98,1:04:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we've got lots of heat going on\Nall over the place, all the time.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:49.92,1:04:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So couldn't that heat that we're continuously\Nintroducing into the environment...
Dialogue: 0,1:04:57.86,1:05:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be a major factor?\N- No. It can't.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:03.28,1:05:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we turn the heat off\Nfor extended periods of time, in various places,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:07.35,1:05:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we now removed for the urban heat island effect\Nand for local phenomena
Dialogue: 0,1:05:12.21,1:05:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when calculating global average temperature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:15.24,1:05:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can talk about this later\Nbut I don't want to spend any more time on it, today
Dialogue: 0,1:05:19.52,1:05:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mechanism has been described, has been illustrated, we've known for a long time
Dialogue: 0,1:05:25.68,1:05:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can't burn fossil fuels\Nthat accumulated over millions of years
Dialogue: 0,1:05:29.73,1:05:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the span of 150 to 200 years without consequences.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:33.71,1:05:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've know this for a long time.\NWe're seeing those consequences.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:36.70,1:05:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We shouldn't be surprised.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:38.98,1:05:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the way in the back.\N- Can we shift gears for a bit
Dialogue: 0,1:05:41.55,1:05:44.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and talk about living gracefully?\NCan you say a few words about the gift economy?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:44.80,1:05:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really... that's what is near dear to me.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:48.02,1:05:52.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Sure. I live in a small valley\Nin south-western New Mexico,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:52.02,1:05:57.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where I practice and promote agrarian anarchy.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:58.32,1:06:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anarchy is not chaos.\NAnarchy is an absence of rulers.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:02.28,1:06:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chaos is an absence of rules.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:05.19,1:06:08.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I practice agrarian anarchy\Nin the spirit of Wendell Berry
Dialogue: 0,1:06:08.88,1:06:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Edward Abbey,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:10.32,1:06:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Henri David Thoreau
Dialogue: 0,1:06:12.28,1:06:16.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to a lesser extend, with slaves involved,\NThomas Jefferson
Dialogue: 0,1:06:18.40,1:06:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I also practice and promoted gift economy,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:21.82,1:06:25.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's what we did for the first 2 million years\Nof the human experience.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:25.15,1:06:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was only after civilization arouse that we started...
Dialogue: 0,1:06:31.23,1:06:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the notion of currency.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:34.09,1:06:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, fiat currency.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:36.83,1:06:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I, almost every time I go to the store,\Nwhich isn't very often,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:41.03,1:06:45.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cashier rings me up and then here she says "How would you like to pay for that?"
Dialogue: 0,1:06:45.55,1:06:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I bring out these pieces of green paper\Nand I go: "You're still taken these?"
Dialogue: 0,1:06:50.05,1:06:52.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They look at me like I'm crazy.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:53.25,1:06:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not rolling that out,\Nbecause I've been called a lot worse.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:57.15,1:06:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they're still taking those, and it's all a con game,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:59.75,1:07:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's an unbelievable scheme!
Dialogue: 0,1:07:03.19,1:07:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean... the secretary of treasury Jack Lew\Nadmitted that, last October!
Dialogue: 0,1:07:09.79,1:07:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said: if people want money instead of rolling over the bonds, the whole system comes down.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:16.31,1:07:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He admitted it, it's a Ponzi scheme;\Nright out there in public.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:19.95,1:07:23.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the American public is like:\N"[yawn] Can you pass the chips?
Dialogue: 0,1:07:23.71,1:07:25.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What´s on today any way?"
Dialogue: 0,1:07:27.32,1:07:33.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, a gift economy... of course a gift economy works great when you're in a triangle situation.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:33.88,1:07:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have dunbar's number of people, 150 to 250 people,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:36.93,1:07:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, then everybody can keep track of everybody
Dialogue: 0,1:07:39.12,1:07:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the consequence of shunning somebody is probably death for that person.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:46.14,1:07:51.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that we've become so globalized and interconnected and dependent upon fiat currency,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:51.93,1:07:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that then all bets are of, so to speak.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:55.32,1:08:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, I'm still trying to promote that,\Neven though it doesn't do any good.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:00.27,1:08:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like everything else.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:02.23,1:08:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why not? I propose doing everything differently,\Nthen we're doing now.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:06.74,1:08:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It feels great!
Dialogue: 0,1:08:08.60,1:08:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yes.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:09.62,1:08:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aaah... over here.\N- Thank you! Thanks for coming ???
Dialogue: 0,1:08:13.38,1:08:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You kind of lost me on the methane hidrates. I think that it's not kind of ??? but,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:19.75,1:08:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aah, I was doing some research recently on... what they're calling next generation biofuels
Dialogue: 0,1:08:26.26,1:08:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one of them is cellulosic ethanol, \Nthe other one, that you're probably familiar with is Algae,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:31.62,1:08:36.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in the finding there´s a number of people and companies that are doing some pretty cool stuff,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:36.100,1:08:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I came upon one in Florida that has already ??
Dialogue: 0,1:08:40.49,1:08:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they can do 10 thousand gallons\Nof biofuels per acre per year,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:48.43,1:08:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using salt water and the CO2 coming out of power plants.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:53.82,1:08:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10 thousand gallons. You get about 50 gallons from soybean oil.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:59.28,1:09:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those are completely different things.\NCould that, you know, change your predictions
Dialogue: 0,1:09:03.61,1:09:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of ????? that going? \NAgain, they've already proven it...
Dialogue: 0,1:09:07.39,1:09:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The company that I encourage everyone to look it up is Algenol, A-L-G-E-N-O-L,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:12.68,1:09:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are in Florida \Nand they're trying to expand right now.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:16.64,1:09:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- These are not my predictions, first of all.\NThese are other people's predictions.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:20.72,1:09:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just relaying the good news.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:23.46,1:09:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Providing some context.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:26.39,1:09:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With respect to the methane,\Nthat's a second question about methane,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:29.42,1:09:31.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I should explain that a little bit better.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:31.54,1:09:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Methane is enclosed within small cages,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:34.79,1:09:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only slightly bigger \Nthan the methane molecule, the CH4.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:39.57,1:09:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Enclosed within a cage\Nand that cage is in the shallow sea beds,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:44.96,1:09:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when it warms,\Nthat cage with the methane starts to rise,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:50.66,1:09:53.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when it warms a little bit more\Nthe cage falls apart.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:54.48,1:09:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the methane molecules are released directly into the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:58.12,1:10:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this cages are called clathrates or hydrates.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:01.88,1:10:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is called the clathrate gun\Nor the methane bomb.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:04.85,1:10:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It appears that we´ve triggered it.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:09.66,1:10:13.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until we can undo the irreversible...
Dialogue: 0,1:10:13.34,1:10:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until we can reverse the irreversible feedback loops, I don´t think it matters.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:18.46,1:10:21.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Furthermore, I´m not a fan of the car culture.\N
Dialogue: 0,1:10:21.26,1:10:24.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the car culture is a huge part of our problem, and so...
Dialogue: 0,1:10:24.94,1:10:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continuing the car culture... I don´t think is a good idea,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:27.79,1:10:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if it means carrying our cars with buffalo shit, I´m still not a fan.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:34.89,1:10:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So but, I mean, if we were just in a perfect world
Dialogue: 0,1:10:39.16,1:10:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were able to stop going for oil, stop ?????? Canada
Dialogue: 0,1:10:45.99,1:10:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and start plugin in these ponds, \Nstart growing these biofuels that way...
Dialogue: 0,1:10:52.20,1:10:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10 thousand gallons per acre per year,\Nyou got to admit is pretty significant.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:56.58,1:11:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yes, I´de be interested in seing the energy return \Non the amount of energy investment for that.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:01.36,1:11:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is this tight oil, like Shell and tar sands?
Dialogue: 0,1:11:04.50,1:11:06.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-No, no, this is algea.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:06.93,1:11:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I understand, but algea to petrol \Nis not one magic wand ?????
Dialogue: 0,1:11:12.94,1:11:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Oh, what it is is 9 000 of those gallons is ethanol and the remaining 1000 is about
Dialogue: 0,1:11:21.32,1:11:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1/3 jet fuel, 1/3 gasoline and 1/3 diesel and then the sludge ???
Dialogue: 0,1:11:27.90,1:11:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, I don´t know enough to comment. I encourage anybody who would go algenol to look them up.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:34.02,1:11:39.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I´m not a fan of the car culture, of airplane culture, of maintaining industrial civilization
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.63,1:11:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is making us sick, making us crazy\Nand killing us, by any means.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:45.66,1:11:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if this is another way to prop up civilization,\NI´m not a fan.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:50.71,1:11:54.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s what it sounds like.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:55.64,1:11:58.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.\N-Two questions:
Dialogue: 0,1:11:59.10,1:12:02.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How and when did you come \Nto your realisations about this?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:03.30,1:12:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, if there is no hope, why aren´t you down in southwestern Mexico ???????
Dialogue: 0,1:12:10.86,1:12:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow, two tough questions. Pack your bag. Could we ascort this guy out?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:18.10,1:12:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Security? Do we have security?\NI think it´s time we let this sucker out.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:28.60,1:12:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes I show and we have technical problems.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:32.30,1:12:35.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first stop of this tour was in Eugene (I have a point)
Dialogue: 0,1:12:39.30,1:12:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I found out, one minute before the presentation beggins, I don´t have a projector.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:44.47,1:12:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I just did stand-up. Tragedy.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:49.42,1:12:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I apreciate you humouring me\Nwith your laughter.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:55.20,1:12:59.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I reached this realisation in 2002, when I was editing a book on climate change,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:59.63,1:13:02.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we were heading for extinction probably in 2030 or so.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:02.59,1:13:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, about a year later, I discovered the concept of global peak oil, and I realised:
Dialogue: 0,1:13:10.30,1:13:13.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is it! This is the ?????. \NThis is the one that´s going to save us
Dialogue: 0,1:13:13.63,1:13:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terminating the industrial civilization. \NWe will stop spilling emissions.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:19.93,1:13:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And... that was a long time ago.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:22.94,1:13:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And fracking happended!
Dialogue: 0,1:13:24.51,1:13:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah. Fracking and tar sands. \NYou know, everything we do to maintain
Dialogue: 0,1:13:29.00,1:13:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this settled arrangement that is killing \Neverything, including us.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:36.88,1:13:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that was in 2003-2004 that I thought there would be a game over by now.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:43.02,1:13:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I moved to southwestern New Mexico\Nfor a variety of reasons.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:47.24,1:13:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of which was that the university \Nwere I was working
Dialogue: 0,1:13:50.24,1:13:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was just another exemple of \Nfundamentally irredeamebly corrupt system.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:57.17,1:14:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I didn´t feel confortable working there anymore.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:02.95,1:14:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I´m not there now\N
Dialogue: 0,1:14:10.45,1:14:13.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the project has failed.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:13.42,1:14:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I built a platinum level doomsdead, a homestead that has 2 solar whels
Dialogue: 0,1:14:20.70,1:14:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a ?????.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:30.14,1:14:35.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No fossil fuels are required to run the place.\NIt´s amazing for huge gardens
Dialogue: 0,1:14:35.81,1:14:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a large orchard, goats, chickens, ducks, turkeys and a goose named Myrtle.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:45.16,1:14:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most important part of the whole thing. \NAnd then she left.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:49.82,1:14:52.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She went to the neighbours!
Dialogue: 0,1:14:53.42,1:14:57.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have six big ??? ducks and she´s like: "hey, this is my people."
Dialogue: 0,1:14:58.07,1:15:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she wondered off and she spends all her time down there.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:00.32,1:15:05.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She come like one every two or three months, and she´s "quack quack quack"
Dialogue: 0,1:15:05.04,1:15:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the honk says "I just want to check in and say I don´t live here anymore. Screw you!"
Dialogue: 0,1:15:10.69,1:15:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that´s when I knew. I got to get the hell out of there, because it ain´t working.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:15.24,1:15:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even Myrtle wouldn´t stay.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:19.24,1:15:22.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it´s been a complete catastrophic failure.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:22.59,1:15:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would rather be here than there.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:24.71,1:15:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Why was it a failure?
Dialogue: 0,1:15:30.11,1:15:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You mean, besides Myrtle?
Dialogue: 0,1:15:32.49,1:15:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah, besides Myrtle.\N- I know, I know.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:34.60,1:15:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can´t remenber the stuff. \NI have to look it up.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:40.39,1:15:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It says here in this book - it must be true because it´s on paper-
Dialogue: 0,1:15:47.09,1:15:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let´s see...
Dialogue: 0,1:15:48.18,1:15:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I left the easy life of a tenure professor in an amazing university
Dialogue: 0,1:15:51.50,1:15:55.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to develop and occupy the property I called 'The MudHut',
Dialogue: 0,1:15:55.10,1:16:03.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I did that for five premiere reasons, \Nall of which have failed.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:03.44,1:16:05.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, all the goals have failed to be met.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:05.99,1:16:09.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Firts of those, I left as an act of resistance\Nagainst the dominant paradigme.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:09.89,1:16:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what, the dominant paradigme and those within it failed to notice.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:15.77,1:16:20.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2. I left as an example of alternative living, in my case promoting a gift economy
Dialogue: 0,1:16:20.57,1:16:22.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within agrarian anarchy.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:22.53,1:16:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My example has failed to inspire a number of significant others to live differently,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:25.75,1:16:28.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to live outside the system.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:28.21,1:16:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3. I left as a way to promote more... \Nto provide more time
Dialogue: 0,1:16:32.97,1:16:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(my eyes are getting worse everyday)
Dialogue: 0,1:16:36.33,1:16:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a way to provide more time for speaking and writing about important topics,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:39.88,1:16:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actions which were discouraged at the university where I was working.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:45.41,1:16:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My last department head was hired specifically to make my life
Dialogue: 0,1:16:48.12,1:16:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,miserable enough so that I would leave.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:51.48,1:16:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She´s a dean at the University of Washington now. Congratulations.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:56.52,1:17:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have enjoyed limited sucess in this arena, although triumph ???? not battling administator
Dialogue: 0,1:17:03.07,1:17:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dragons has been largely consumed with vigorous physical work,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:06.87,1:17:10.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like digging those damed trenches for the water delivery system.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:10.03,1:17:14.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4. The place is a refuge for the youngster, the son of the couple
Dialogue: 0,1:17:14.39,1:17:18.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with whom my wife and I shared this property, as well as his generation.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:18.12,1:17:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Due to ongoing accelerating climate change, the unsure future in this location probably will be
Dialogue: 0,1:17:23.48,1:17:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,notably short.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:25.83,1:17:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And 5. it´s a way to extend my own life and that of my wife.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:29.69,1:17:34.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Due to ongoing accelerating climate change, \Nour future in this location is likely to be quite short.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:34.36,1:17:38.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this were the 5 goals I had. The next paragraph starts with:
Dialogue: 0,1:17:38.11,1:17:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Perhaps most importantly there is a widenning chasm within the partnership formed
Dialogue: 0,1:17:42.09,1:17:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this shared property. Although leaving the life that I loved as an academic
Dialogue: 0,1:17:45.73,1:17:47.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to move to a diferent location\Nmade sense at the time,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:47.79,1:17:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,long before the climate change news grew so dire, \Nand everyone's collapse appeared eminent
Dialogue: 0,1:17:51.92,1:17:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I now view the major personnal transition as infinitly regretable.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:57.04,1:18:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I´ve come to see that it was the wort mistake of my life, althoug I´m not dead yet,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:01.80,1:18:03.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so can yet get up and be myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:04.41,1:18:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it hasn´t worked in part because of the relations on the property,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:07.64,1:18:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have broken down in a\Nsomewhat horrifying manner.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:12.81,1:18:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, living with people is hard.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:21.19,1:18:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,???? that was essencially my question.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:24.69,1:18:28.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you found out that essencially we were all going to be done,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:28.98,1:18:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,???????????????????
Dialogue: 0,1:18:31.55,1:18:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, my reaction at the time\Nwas utter despair
Dialogue: 0,1:18:34.69,1:18:38.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I didn´t fit in particularly well \Nin society before that,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:38.53,1:18:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when you start mourning\Nevents that haven´t happened yet,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:42.89,1:18:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you´re an absolute nutcase.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:45.90,1:18:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, people are mourning the death\Nof their 92 year old grandmother,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:50.92,1:18:56.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose been hanging on suffering ???? from cancer for 3 years, and I´m like;
Dialogue: 0,1:18:56.83,1:19:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let it go. That´s one human being that´s had a full and rich life. Let her go.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:04.32,1:19:08.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,\NI´m mourning the near come demise of our entire species, and people are going:
Dialogue: 0,1:19:09.31,1:19:14.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What? You don´t know what you´re talking about. \NThat´s a theoretical thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:14.29,1:19:19.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It´s so abstract.\NIt reminds me of "Star Trek".\N
Dialogue: 0,1:19:19.34,1:19:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-Yay!\NSomethings do.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:22.12,1:19:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don´t know if you remember the early days "Star Trek"...\N- Yay!
Dialogue: 0,1:19:26.79,1:19:32.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I got that... Yes, that´s who exactly I´m going to talk about,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:32.83,1:19:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mister Live Long and Prosper.\N-Yay!
Dialogue: 0,1:19:35.64,1:19:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, a ship was blown up, \Na vulcan ship was blown up
Dialogue: 0,1:19:43.50,1:19:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and like 300 people died\Nand Spok sheds a tear.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:47.42,1:19:50.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A tear! It´s unbelieveble! \NHe shows no emotions ever.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:50.70,1:19:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all the humans are like:\N"what? what´s up with that?"
Dialogue: 0,1:19:54.76,1:19:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says: "You people mourn the death\Nof a single individual.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:57.34,1:20:02.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just lost 320 of my comrads, \Nand you can´t understand."
Dialogue: 0,1:20:02.21,1:20:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I felt the same way, only it was 7 billion.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:09.06,1:20:12.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And nobody got that either.\NWeird.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:16.66,1:20:24.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptible]
Dialogue: 0,1:20:30.69,1:20:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, so the question is if this climate chaos\Ncauses human extinction,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:37.58,1:20:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will there be any animals that would be alive.\NYes, I think there will be.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:41.63,1:20:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The faster we terminate the industrial\Ncivilization, the more especies,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:47.57,1:20:51.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe, will remain. \NEven if terminating industrial civilization
Dialogue: 0,1:20:52.03,1:20:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leads to 2ºC in a short period of time, \Nthen I still think that
Dialogue: 0,1:20:58.25,1:21:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some organisms have a chance.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:00.76,1:21:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here´s the thing: \Nif we have chinook salmon next year,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:10.33,1:21:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might have chinook salmon \Nin twenty years.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:13.33,1:21:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if we don´t have chinook salmon \Nnext year, we won´t.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:17.55,1:21:21.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I´m working for, \Nis those other species, at this point.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:21.74,1:21:23.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we´re done.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:24.03,1:21:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I´m working for those other species,\Nand here´s what I´m really working for:
Dialogue: 0,1:21:28.94,1:21:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Edward O. Wilson, Conservation Biologist \Nat Harvard University
Dialogue: 0,1:21:32.96,1:21:36.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predicts that only 10 million years \Nafter an extinction level event
Dialogue: 0,1:21:36.60,1:21:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- there have been five, so far, \Nwe are in the midst of the 6th extinction-
Dialogue: 0,1:21:39.49,1:21:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only 10 million years after an extinction level event, we have a vibrant green planet again.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:45.04,1:21:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10 million years. \N
Dialogue: 0,1:21:46.56,1:21:49.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The more seeds we can plant now,\Nthe more species we save now,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:49.86,1:21:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the greater likelyhood that in only 10 million\Nyears, we have a vibrant planet again.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:58.10,1:22:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recently, like in the last two months,\Nthere was a new species,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:02.64,1:22:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,previously unknown to humanity,\Ndiscovered in the sarcophagus of Chernobyl.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:09.25,1:22:12.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a slime mold. \NIn the sarcophagus.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:13.20,1:22:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ionizing radiation at that level\Nand we can´t even kill everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:18.14,1:22:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As mutch as that´s our goal.\NIs to kill everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:22.76,1:22:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It appears that we´re not going to be\N"successful" at that.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:26.83,1:22:31.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, my goal is to keep as many species\Naround as we possibly can.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:35.76,1:22:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you take any comfort from quantum mechanics and dark energy and dark matter?
Dialogue: 0,1:22:40.47,1:22:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This could be a very small sliver\Nof what we think is real.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:45.37,1:22:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sure. Absolutely. I take comfort\Nfrom nearly anything at this point.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:55.50,1:22:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dark matter maters.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:03.42,1:23:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I´m remembering two of the past extinctions,\Nwhere 60 millions and 200 millions and...
Dialogue: 0,1:23:10.58,1:23:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,55 millions and 251 million years ago
Dialogue: 0,1:23:12.95,1:23:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what percentage of the land and sea species\Nwere ???? or lasted ???
Dialogue: 0,1:23:22.19,1:23:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was like 95%?
Dialogue: 0,1:23:24.48,1:23:34.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In The Great Dying, 251 million years ago,\Nthe number of taxa, the number of species,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:34.10,1:23:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, probably more general level,\Nthe number of genera that we lost
Dialogue: 0,1:23:38.04,1:23:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was more than 95%. \N
Dialogue: 0,1:23:40.28,1:23:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And 55 million years ago, it was more\Nthan 90%.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:43.79,1:23:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it´s a huge proportion.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:46.85,1:23:49.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So everything that´s here now ????
Dialogue: 0,1:23:50.42,1:23:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, that´s right.\NEverything that´s here now
Dialogue: 0,1:23:54.19,1:23:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because those species made it\Nthrough the extinction ????
Dialogue: 0,1:23:58.84,1:24:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, your hope would be a \N5 or 10 or 15% survival rate.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:05.51,1:24:13.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes. If we have 0,0001% that get it through\Nthat´s better than 0,00001%.\N
Dialogue: 0,1:24:13.89,1:24:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, absolutely.\NLet´s act as if every species matters.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:20.69,1:24:24.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the higher estimates that you have though, \Ndo you feel like there could be
Dialogue: 0,1:24:24.73,1:24:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a runaway kind of climate chaos that could lead\Nto a similar ?????
Dialogue: 0,1:24:31.25,1:24:36.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that just ???? beyond where ?????
Dialogue: 0,1:24:36.21,1:24:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, it´s possible. It´s possible \Nthat we could go Venus.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:40.73,1:24:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the same frame of analysis, he sugests that, by 2026,\Nwe´ll have a 160 degrees centigrade
Dialogue: 0,1:24:49.80,1:24:54.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the surface temperature. \NSo that´s Venus, by the end of the century.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:55.15,1:25:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could be, but I think we should act\Nas if that´s not going to happen,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:02.78,1:25:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we should act as if our future matters, \Nthat we should act as if the future of
Dialogue: 0,1:25:08.78,1:25:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other organisms matters as well, instead of \Njust saying: uhm, it´s done.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:13.82,1:25:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It´s game over. Let´s party like it´s 1999.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:17.48,1:25:23.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have another question too, about what you were saying of the actual time scale,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:24.04,1:25:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now I know that there is some... \Nthis drought in California,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:28.46,1:25:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ???? food prices are going up, and all this kind of things,\N
Dialogue: 0,1:25:31.43,1:25:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I kind of intuitively felt that \Nmaybe we are seing the beginning,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:35.54,1:25:40.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe they´re not going down again, \Nlike this is.... the food prices
Dialogue: 0,1:25:40.25,1:25:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the accessability of food... \Nand so I´m wondering if you think
Dialogue: 0,1:25:46.61,1:25:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that what we´re seing now with how this \Naffects on the food system,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:57.32,1:26:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if that is going to be the first to get afected\Nas far as what we will really notice,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:02.03,1:26:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see that the producing areas \Nare not going to be able to produce food anymore
Dialogue: 0,1:26:07.62,1:26:11.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could very well be and David ??? \Nwriting for Fiesta Group
Dialogue: 0,1:26:11.55,1:26:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in late 2012, as I recall, indicates that \Nglobal economic collapse will be complete
Dialogue: 0,1:26:22.02,1:26:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in as little as 3 weeks after a significantly \Ndisruption in the supply chain.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:27.41,1:26:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here he´s talking about supplay chain disruption,\Nincluding food, or oil,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:34.25,1:26:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or any number of other things. \NA significant disruption we´re 3 weeks away
Dialogue: 0,1:26:38.24,1:26:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from terminating the settled living arrangments.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:41.62,1:26:46.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, I think that what we´re seing now \Nis the result of climate change
Dialogue: 0,1:26:46.10,1:26:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as already baked into the cake, and that \Nbecause of that 40 year lag,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:51.75,1:26:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is little we can do, now, that will\Nhave any impact on \N
Dialogue: 0,1:26:57.78,1:27:02.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how those changes will play out.\NWe´re locked in to a drought.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:02.09,1:27:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,????? for a really long period of time. \N
Dialogue: 0,1:27:05.20,1:27:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It´s going to be wet and cold in the U.K. \Nand northern Europe, for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:13.52,1:27:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, yes, ???? food suply.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:16.71,1:27:23.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you think the social impact will be,\Nfor the next 2 or 3 year, on a global scale?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:24.22,1:27:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Social impacts of climate change?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:27.54,1:27:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Several people, in retrospect,\Nnow have viewed the Syrian´s spring
Dialogue: 0,1:27:34.38,1:27:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence of drought, \Nof food shortage induced by climate change,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:40.19,1:27:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if that´s a canarian coalmine,\Nand it might be, then we could see that spreading to
Dialogue: 0,1:27:48.51,1:27:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far wider portions of the globe. \NSo, I read an analysis yesterday, indicating
Dialogue: 0,1:27:59.16,1:28:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we´re one year away\Nfrom massive global scale scale food riots,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:05.95,1:28:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of disruptions in the food supply.\NCould be.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:17.64,1:28:19.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can´t hear you.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:20.17,1:28:24.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[imperceptable]
Dialogue: 0,1:28:24.83,1:28:28.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, so, are there any counter-balancing \Ncooling signs? Well, there are
Dialogue: 0,1:28:28.70,1:28:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there´s at least one negative feedback\NI know about, \N
Dialogue: 0,1:28:32.10,1:28:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one negative reinforcement ???.\NAs the planet warms it releases more heat
Dialogue: 0,1:28:38.42,1:28:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the space, but as near as I can tell,\Nthat´s linear, not exponential.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:44.96,1:28:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are due for an ice age\Nand the sun is dimming,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:50.69,1:28:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and apparently it will reach it´s lowest point,\Nin terms of radiation, in about 2020.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:59.33,1:29:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we´re dimming right now.\NWe´re overcoming the effects of a ...
Dialogue: 0,1:29:05.08,1:29:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of decreased energy coming from the sun.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:09.88,1:29:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is scheduled to be an ice age, \Nwe´re overcoming that with carbon emissions.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:14.92,1:29:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, vulcanos anybody?\NI mean, they´re worth for the short term.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:21.06,1:29:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we need to keep spilling the materials\Ninto the air, the refelctive particles in to the air
Dialogue: 0,1:29:26.90,1:29:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forever, and so... super vulcanos?\NAnybody signing up for Yellow Stone going?
Dialogue: 0,1:29:36.43,1:29:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it may well take something like that \Nto counter-balance
Dialogue: 0,1:29:40.01,1:29:46.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,??????, I´m a psychologist. \NI remember reading some...
Dialogue: 0,1:29:46.09,1:29:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I´m not crazy, so...
Dialogue: 0,1:29:50.50,1:29:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember reading some pop \Npsychology reviews about
Dialogue: 0,1:29:58.19,1:30:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,educaters telling people about\Nclimate change, and if they put it
Dialogue: 0,1:30:02.98,1:30:09.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a `no way out of it`kind of perspective, \Nthe students leave feeling as if
Dialogue: 0,1:30:09.78,1:30:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they can´t do anything about it. \NAnd when they track
Dialogue: 0,1:30:14.38,1:30:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how they change their behaviours afterwards, \Nthey don´t change anything
Dialogue: 0,1:30:18.99,1:30:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, you know, recycle less. \NIf they hear about it in a positive light,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:27.61,1:30:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"we cand do something", they tend to do more\Ngreenish kind of stuff.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:37.40,1:30:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are you familiar with the study, \Nif so, how do you... are there other things
Dialogue: 0,1:30:43.80,1:30:47.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that go in the equation for you, like\N
Dialogue: 0,1:30:47.36,1:30:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it´s going to go anyway so at least\Nwe could go with some dignity, something like that?
Dialogue: 0,1:30:51.56,1:30:56.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not familiar with the study but that never ceased me from commenting about a study
Dialogue: 0,1:30:56.40,1:30:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just because I don't know anything.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:59.39,1:31:03.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The comment about recycling, if I punch you in the face
Dialogue: 0,1:31:03.42,1:31:05.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do you think it's O.K. if I apologize?
Dialogue: 0,1:31:07.52,1:31:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, of course not! That's a horrible thing!
Dialogue: 0,1:31:11.01,1:31:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we recycle... It's the same thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:13.26,1:31:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Punch the planet in the face and we recycle,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:15.85,1:31:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"oh it's good, look, I recycle, look at me..."
Dialogue: 0,1:31:18.24,1:31:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about reduce and reuse?
Dialogue: 0,1:31:20.77,1:31:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember the other 2 R's, the ones that matter?
Dialogue: 0,1:31:23.10,1:31:28.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only ones that make corporate America any money is the recycle one.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:28.71,1:31:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that's why we do that.\NBut, it's an apology after a punch in the face.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:33.70,1:31:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do this for many reasons,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:39.32,1:31:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among them that nobody else does.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:43.44,1:31:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we have the right to know,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:45.77,1:31:48.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the corporate media and the\Ncorporate governments of the world
Dialogue: 0,1:31:48.38,1:31:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not telling you the facts.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:54.56,1:31:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you have the right to know, I think you have the right to know what I know and
Dialogue: 0,1:31:58.40,1:32:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a whole bunch of people\Nwho know what I know, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:01.73,1:32:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was contacted, out of the blue, much to my surprise,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:05.16,1:32:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a guy you would all know if I said his name,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:08.49,1:32:14.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he contacted me in December of 2012, and he says:
Dialogue: 0,1:32:15.16,1:32:20.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You got it figured out, on the climate change front;\NI'm buying the whole thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:20.64,1:32:24.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can I come and visit the the 'mud hut'
Dialogue: 0,1:32:24.03,1:32:28.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I'm moving to the Southern Hemisphere, and I want to replicate what you're doing."
Dialogue: 0,1:32:28.17,1:32:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy is about my age, and I did a bunch of research to figure out if this was actually him.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:33.17,1:32:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I'm thinking "Famous people\Ndon't send me email messages."
Dialogue: 0,1:32:37.38,1:32:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I did a bunch of research and it all matched, but still I wrote back to him and I said "Are you really you?"
Dialogue: 0,1:32:42.72,1:32:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, because after he lied the first time\Nhe wouldn't lie the second time, I'm sure but..
Dialogue: 0,1:32:50.35,1:32:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So people know. People with lots of fiat currency
Dialogue: 0,1:32:54.35,1:32:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are converting that fiat currency into land\Nand homesteads in the Southern Hemisphere,...
Dialogue: 0,1:32:59.11,1:33:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- George Bush is one of them.\N...and this is not the only case.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:02.30,1:33:06.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's right. The Bush family is among them.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:06.30,1:33:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a homestead in Paraguay. James Cameron, the film maker, \Nowns a whole bunch of New Zealand,
Dialogue: 0,1:33:12.40,1:33:15.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the list goes on and on.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:15.24,1:33:19.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I do this in part because\NI think we deserve to know what I know.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:19.82,1:33:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We deserve to know the facts and the models\Nand the projections about climate change.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:25.15,1:33:28.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I don't see anybody else doing that.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:29.73,1:33:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.\N- Perfect time for comments.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:32.39,1:33:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,????
Dialogue: 0,1:33:35.08,1:33:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some Dallas philosophy a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:43.83,1:33:47.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we can do is become aware. That's what you're doing.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:48.62,1:33:52.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know a lot more information\Nthan I did before I came in here tonight.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:52.78,1:33:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first step is to become aware and then act accordingly.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:58.95,1:34:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would also add to that: act if it´s the right action.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:03.28,1:34:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buddha said that, when he played tennis.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:07.10,1:34:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, right action.\NSo, awareness and then act accordingly.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:14.04,1:34:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s the best that we can do, \Nand it´s all that we can do
Dialogue: 0,1:34:17.24,1:34:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it´s enough.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:19.03,1:34:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Universe will take care of the rest.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:21.57,1:34:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we act in the Now, in the Present, \Nwe make our tomorrows.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:27.45,1:34:31.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, I agree.\NSo awareness is the first step
Dialogue: 0,1:34:31.79,1:34:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and awareness is not Nirvana.\NAwareness is a curse.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:38.50,1:34:42.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh! I forgot to mention something.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:42.43,1:34:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now is probably the wrong time.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:46.41,1:34:50.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I don´t know if you remember \Nthis first slide. It has an asteroid.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:51.05,1:34:55.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it´s supposed to remaind me to tell you\Nthat there´s two kinds of people in the world,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:55.25,1:34:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those who categorize people under two kinds of people,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:58.84,1:35:00.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh. no, no, no.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:01.13,1:35:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are people who want to know, \Nthey want to know everything, they want to be fully aware,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:05.17,1:35:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there are people\Nwho don´t want to know anything.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:08.11,1:35:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If there is an asteroid coming, \Nthey don´t want to know about it until they´re dead.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:11.48,1:35:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So don´t tell me a thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:13.59,1:35:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Others of us want to know and I want to be out there\Nstaring the damned thing down.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:17.15,1:35:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When it gets here,\Nit better hit me in the nose. \N
Dialogue: 0,1:35:20.14,1:35:22.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s me. \NSo I assume that´s you.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:22.43,1:35:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I was supposed to start by saing that \Nif that´s not you, now it would be a good time to leave.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:26.43,1:35:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now is a bad time to leave,\Nbecause now you all know.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:31.65,1:35:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It´s like that Louis CK routine,\Nwhere he is talking to this 3 year old daughter
Dialogue: 0,1:35:35.65,1:35:39.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, she keeps asking him questions \Nand finnally he starts to get frustrated
Dialogue: 0,1:35:39.01,1:35:42.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he says: because at some point the \NSun will blow over and kill us all.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:43.46,1:35:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the 3 year old, before the conversation started \Ndidn´t know anything, and now she knows everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:48.73,1:35:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Ifeel the same way. \NNow you know everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:52.44,1:35:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know that you´re going to die\Nas so as averybody else.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:55.06,1:35:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you knew that anyway.\NSo it´s not a big surprise. You´re not 3 years old.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:06.14,1:36:12.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could you talk a little bit more about the northern hemisphere \Nversus the southern hemisphere?
Dialogue: 0,1:36:12.94,1:36:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You´re not depressed enough, yet?\NJesus, what does it take with you people?
Dialogue: 0,1:36:30.14,1:36:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How much longer do we have in the southern hemisphere?
Dialogue: 0,1:36:36.04,1:36:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How much longer to build a property down south?
Dialogue: 0,1:36:43.33,1:36:50.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh. I think it´s gone.\NI had an answer for that. Let´s see.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:50.27,1:36:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Malcom ??? did this analisys for the Arctic Methane Emergency Group \Non the ??? of February of 2012
Dialogue: 0,1:36:57.23,1:37:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it´s distrubing to me that\Nthis is the sort of stuff that it´s in my head.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:02.70,1:37:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in it he concluded that all life on Earth\Nwill be extinct by 2047, plus or minus a few years.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:13.25,1:37:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he said, 2031.6, plus or minus 13 years,\Nin the northern hemisphere
Dialogue: 0,1:37:20.28,1:37:24.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2047, plus or minus a similar number of years,\Nin the southern hemisphere.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:24.92,1:37:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that for all like on Earth. \NThat´s 16 years. 16 years.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:29.78,1:37:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think he´s wrong.\NI don´t think we can kill everything.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:35.55,1:37:39.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see no way that we can manage\Nto kill everything by 2047.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:43.40,1:37:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if it´s 16 years for all life, \Nhow much is it for human life?\N
Dialogue: 0,1:37:48.02,1:37:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don´t know, Is it 10 years, is it 15?\NI don´t think anybody really knows.
Dialogue: 0,1:37:51.98,1:37:56.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, I mean, you decided to move to New Mexico. \NYeah, that was stupid, remember?
Dialogue: 0,1:37:57.94,1:38:01.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I love the way you keep bringing that in, though.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:03.07,1:38:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You were really stupid,\Nlet´s bring that up again.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:09.38,1:38:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is with you people, anyway?\NYou say I´m stupid and you laugh about it.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:14.96,1:38:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s a little disturbing.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:18.56,1:38:22.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that guy who isn´t a psychologist laughed. \N??? go get one.
Dialogue: 0,1:38:26.44,1:38:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if this ???comes to pass, when and as you expect,\Nwhat will you do?
Dialogue: 0,1:38:35.64,1:38:41.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will you wait around and starve to death with everyone else or do you have a plan for yourself?
Dialogue: 0,1:38:41.79,1:38:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there a point?
Dialogue: 0,1:38:47.29,1:38:51.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Imperceptable]
Dialogue: 0,1:38:56.15,1:39:00.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You´re just too macabre.\NThat´s what you are.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:00.43,1:39:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What am I gonna do?\NWell, I suspect where Iive, at some point,
Dialogue: 0,1:39:06.06,1:39:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,temperatures will rise, to a high enough level, that will \N???? the proteins in all the planet.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:11.98,1:39:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s like 125 or 120º fahrenheit, \Nand that will ???? all the proteins in all the plants.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:17.07,1:39:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So all the plants will die. \NAnd where Ilive those spring winds are horryfic.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:21.84,1:39:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Starting in February and March, it´s like \N40 or 50 mile ??? winds every day
Dialogue: 0,1:39:26.48,1:39:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it´s really quite unpleasant. \NWell, ????no plans.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:29.78,1:39:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A thousand people died in the dust ball\Nin this country, choking to death, literally, on dust.
Dialogue: 0,1:39:35.71,1:39:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that´s everybody I know, ????
Dialogue: 0,1:39:39.40,1:39:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you will wait for that to happen, \Nas opposed to take your on life?
Dialogue: 0,1:39:58.64,1:40:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What´s it take to get a drink in this place?
Dialogue: 0,1:40:10.91,1:40:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I..... It´s dificult for me to imagine a scenario \Nin which I will commit suicide
Dialogue: 0,1:40:16.80,1:40:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a young guy named Daniel ???? whio wrote an essay, \Nin "Nature Bats Last" maybe a year ago,
Dialogue: 0,1:40:24.92,1:40:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose 11.300 words, which is a lot, specially in Twitter nation, where 140 characters ????
Dialogue: 0,1:40:35.36,1:40:39.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,11.300 palavras and it´s just ????, it´s he´s journey, he´s ride
Dialogue: 0,1:40:39.66,1:40:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of despair and utter hopelessness, followed by total extinction
Dialogue: 0,1:40:45.90,1:40:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, just up and down, up and down,\Nand it was horrifying,
Dialogue: 0,1:40:50.10,1:40:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I can summerize that essay in just 3 words: \Nstarvation, predation and suicide.
Dialogue: 0,1:40:56.62,1:41:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That´s all they said.\N11.300 words.. 11297 more than it took me.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:04.26,1:41:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don´t see myself commiting suicide. \N
Dialogue: 0,1:41:06.71,1:41:14.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I eagerly anticipate seing the comeback of the living planet, \Nif only for a few weeks or months.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:15.76,1:41:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it will be awesome to see \Nthe end of industrial civilization.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:24.51,1:41:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yes, it will kill me, way sooner than it´s going to kill\Nalmost everybody else in the planet.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:31.55,1:41:37.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Already 5 million people a year die early death because of climate change and people ask me: when it´s going to start?
Dialogue: 0,1:41:38.05,1:41:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To the families of those 5 million people, it already started.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:43.57,1:41:47.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it´s already in the way. I look foward for the living planet to make its come back, no matter how briefly.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:47.86,1:41:51.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I can´t imagine I will kill myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:41:52.21,1:41:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, there are a lot of people who have that in mind for me. \NSo I might not escape the bullet just yet.
Dialogue: 0,1:42:00.82,1:42:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes I think it´s good \Nthat people are ignorant because\N
Dialogue: 0,1:42:04.82,1:42:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if everybody is were as ??? as we are, now, \Nthere might be panic and...
Dialogue: 0,1:42:10.75,1:42:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... I know you will oppose it, ????\Nthat´s not my point of view
Dialogue: 0,1:42:17.75,1:42:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, bring it on, so we can all ????? better place
Dialogue: 0,1:42:23.07,1:42:31.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just, sometimes, like... I was reading ?????\NThey´re all like in Lala land, but, maybe it´s good.
Dialogue: 0,1:42:32.71,1:42:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,\NPeople in California aren´t freaking out, they are ????
Dialogue: 0,1:42:41.88,1:42:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right. So. You´re sort of the ??? the government\Nand the corporate media´s approach:
Dialogue: 0,1:42:46.73,1:42:50.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just don´t tell them anything that maters.\N-Well, yeah, I guess I am,
Dialogue: 0,1:42:50.73,1:42:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-Keep them ??? and they´ll be happy,\Nbecause ignorance is bliss.
Dialogue: 0,1:42:56.08,1:43:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do we have a ??? state? Why do we have a media, if not to inform? Why do we have governments if not to lead?
Dialogue: 0,1:43:05.86,1:43:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- To steal!
Dialogue: 0,1:43:09.62,1:43:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hate when people tell the truth. \NThat´s supposed to be my job!
Dialogue: 0,1:43:13.91,1:43:18.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I love being here because I am so depressed about all the stuff and it's great to have somebody like, you now...
Dialogue: 0,1:43:18.95,1:43:22.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, and generate a whole community\Nof like-minded people.
Dialogue: 0,1:43:28.83,1:43:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People ask me all the time when I'm done\N"Do you own stock ???"
Dialogue: 0,1:43:34.03,1:43:36.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Because I really want to drink now."
Dialogue: 0,1:43:39.31,1:43:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes Robin?
Dialogue: 0,1:43:41.07,1:43:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this collapse, if you can bring if on,
Dialogue: 0,1:43:46.42,1:43:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the paper by Brad Werner?
Dialogue: 0,1:43:49.22,1:43:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Earth Fucked", ...
Dialogue: 0,1:43:54.12,1:44:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says the only...he did a mathematical model of a couple of human environment systems,
Dialogue: 0,1:44:03.84,1:44:07.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the way the mathematical model is playing out,
Dialogue: 0,1:44:07.83,1:44:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is that if we wait for some top-down answer... it's not coming,
Dialogue: 0,1:44:13.76,1:44:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, chances are, he says, "Earth is Fucked", that's it.
Dialogue: 0,1:44:19.04,1:44:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But... the point that's uncertain in his model is...
Dialogue: 0,1:44:25.58,1:44:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one thing that might make some kind of difference, I don't know if it would be enough to save anybody, but
Dialogue: 0,1:44:33.51,1:44:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the actually only thing that might make a difference is
Dialogue: 0,1:44:36.95,1:44:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there is just a massive bottom-up to bring down civilization...
Dialogue: 0,1:44:45.39,1:44:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the next 5 years. Within the next 5 years it has to be complete or there is no - and there might already be enough -
Dialogue: 0,1:44:55.01,1:45:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, in his model, how do you feel about bottom-up, bringing it down in the next 5 years,
Dialogue: 0,1:45:05.61,1:45:13.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would there be a way that we grow enough food for a few Adams and Eves, to keep the insanity going?
Dialogue: 0,1:45:22.21,1:45:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,??? finally shows up.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:27.32,1:45:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's a great idea, terminating industrial civilization, has been foremost on my mind for years.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:33.62,1:45:37.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes I think that's ingenious,\Nno I don't think it will matter for our species.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:38.72,1:45:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we're already done. We're just walking around to save on the funeral expenses.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:44.80,1:45:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not easy to bury a species, you know;\Nthat shit costs money
Dialogue: 0,1:45:49.82,1:45:51.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are all about the money.
Dialogue: 0,1:45:55.92,1:45:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you been filming this whole time?
Dialogue: 0,1:45:58.93,1:46:01.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said these horrible things about my ???
Dialogue: 0,1:46:02.43,1:46:05.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're gonna have to edit that up, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,1:46:10.43,1:46:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you all for coming, I'll stay here as long as you want, don't forget to get a copy of "Going Dark"...