[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.50,0:00:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the reasons that's most cited as to a cause or
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.93,0:00:09.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cause of why World War One turned\Ninto a world war as opposed to just a
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.18,0:00:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regional conflict in Southeast Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.50,0:00:13.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the alliance system
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.27,0:00:17.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was developing in the decades\Nleading up to World War One.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.39,0:00:21.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And to understand that, i've distilled a bunch\Nof the alliances that occurred in those
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.10,0:00:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decades leading up to World War One. This is just a distilled version, there are
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.22,0:00:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many other alliances that were tangentially related, but I'll try to distill down the ones
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.08,0:00:29.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were directly related to
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.86,0:00:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of the dominoes falling
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.50,0:00:35.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1914, that led to all\Nof Europe being essentially at war with
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.46,0:00:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.55,0:00:40.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So to understand that, we have to rewind\N75 years. So World War One
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.75,0:00:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it starts in 1914;
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.21,0:00:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,75 years before that, in 1839, you have the Treaty
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.75,0:00:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of London,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.22,0:00:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Treaty of London did many things, but Article 7 is what's
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.12,0:00:53.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relevant to the beginning of World War One,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.57,0:00:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where Britain agrees to protect the neutrality of the Belgium.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.50,0:01:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, if you're skeptical you might say: "Hey, this\Nis a 75 year old treaty, why
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.80,0:01:04.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does this matter anymore?" and that\Nactually would be a good question.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.99,0:01:08.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Really all of these alliances, it's a\Nvery healthy debate you can have as to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.28,0:01:12.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether these are the direct causes of why one of these powers declared war
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.63,0:01:16.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the other, or whether these were just\Nexcuses, these were kind of a legal pretext
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.82,0:01:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for saying "Oh i need to declare war" and in reality they really did want to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.23,0:01:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,declare war for a whole set of reasons, to kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.80,0:01:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keep the other persons' empire and check,\Nto flex their military muscle, to go after
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.44,0:01:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more territory in their empires,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.29,0:01:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who knows what it might be?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.20,0:01:31.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But needless to say
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.45,0:01:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1839 was a legal basis
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.00,0:01:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the British Empire to protect
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.99,0:01:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to protect
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.18,0:01:39.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Belgium.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.53,0:01:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now you fast forward forty years, you get to 1879.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.96,0:01:44.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have a
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.83,0:01:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,newly born German Empire out of the\NFranco Prussian War in 1871.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.26,0:01:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That newly born German Empire, they just had a...
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.10,0:01:57.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially it's an extension of Prussia, fundamentally a
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.40,0:01:58.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,German kingdom,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.87,0:02:02.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they just had a war with France, they took\Nsome very valuable territory from France,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.63,0:02:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're paranoid that France wants to\Nget back at them, they're paranoid about
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.87,0:02:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're paranoid about the Russians,\Nand they have some connection with the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.70,0:02:14.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Austrians, or the austro-hungarians I should say,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.55,0:02:19.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so in 1879, they sign the Dual Alliance Treaty
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.31,0:02:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between Germany and Austria-Hungary to\Nprotect each other if Russia attacks.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.70,0:02:27.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have this common enemy right over\Nhere: Russia.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.82,0:02:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they're going to... let me do some different color...
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.57,0:02:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're going to protect each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.74,0:02:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this makes the new German\Nempire feel a little bit better about
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.11,0:02:39.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its position in Europe in case they\Nwere to get into a war with either of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.63,0:02:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these characters.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.38,0:02:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then in 1892,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.29,0:02:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can imagine if you ever play a game of Risk,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.36,0:02:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if you play the game of Diplomacy,\Nwhich is actually based on what happened
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.02,0:02:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in World War One,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.47,0:02:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you see some people that you might be at war with starting to become friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.42,0:02:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you want to look for other friends, other\Nalliances that you can form in case they
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.44,0:02:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,declare war on you.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.27,0:03:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in 1892, you have an alliance between the French and the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.25,0:03:07.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Russians, the Franco-Russian Military Convention, so this is an alliance... let me do
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.33,0:03:10.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this in the magenta colour again.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.59,0:03:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have an alliance
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.75,0:03:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between France
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.41,0:03:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,France
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.68,0:03:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Russia.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.19,0:03:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then finally in the early nineteen\Nhundreds, 1904 to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.80,0:03:20.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1907,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.53,0:03:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have a series of agreements, "ententes" essentially means "agreements",
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.24,0:03:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,agreements between the British Empire and\NFrance, between the British Empire and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.18,0:03:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Russian Empire,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.82,0:03:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to essentially get on good terms with each other. These weren't as formally
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.85,0:03:37.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bonding that "Hey, if someone's going to\Nattack you, i'm going to attack them", but
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.63,0:03:41.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were essentially able to resolve a lot of\Ntheir issues on what's going on in
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.44,0:03:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their other imperial conquest
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.80,0:03:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they formed what is called "The Triple Entente", the triple agreement
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.05,0:03:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.10,0:03:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Britain, between the British Empire,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.80,0:03:55.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and right here i just circle the\NUnited Kingdom, France
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.19,0:03:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,France and Russia.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.29,0:04:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on the other side of that, you had the Triple Alliance: you have Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.76,0:04:06.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have Austria-Hungary, and you also have...\Nyou also have Italy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.04,0:04:10.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the reason why, even though entering into World War One, Italy was formerly
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.03,0:04:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of the Triple Alliance, and there were treaties between Italy and Germany to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.21,0:04:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become part of this triple alliance,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.09,0:04:19.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reason i don't focus on those, is once the war started, Italy did not go on
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.93,0:04:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the side of Germany and Austria-Hungary.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.30,0:04:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It went on the side of the allies, on the\Nside of the Triple Entente.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.24,0:04:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this will give you a good background\Nfor why
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.83,0:04:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would seem like a regional\Nskirmish in Southeast Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.36,0:04:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turns into a pan-Europe and eventually pan\Nglobal war.