1
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Good evening everybody.

2
00:00:19,055 --> 00:00:22,885
It's true. I have been 
in Afghanistan for 21 years.

3
00:00:22,885 --> 00:00:24,532
I work for the Red Cross,

4
00:00:24,532 --> 00:00:28,551
and I'm a physiotherapist.

5
00:00:29,499 --> 00:00:33,076
My job is to make arms and legs.

6
00:00:33,076 --> 00:00:34,650
Well, it's not completely true.

7
00:00:34,650 --> 00:00:37,114
We do more than that.

8
00:00:38,054 --> 00:00:41,788
We provide the patients, 
the Afghan disabled,

9
00:00:41,788 --> 00:00:44,463
first with physical rehabilitation,

10
00:00:44,463 --> 00:00:47,775
then with social reintegration.

11
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It's a very logical plan,

12
00:00:50,433 --> 00:00:52,773
but it was not always like this.

13
00:00:52,773 --> 00:00:55,018
For many years, 
we were just providing them 


14
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with artificial limbs.

15
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It took quite many years 


16
00:00:59,944 --> 00:01:04,455
for the program to become what it is now.

17
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Today, I would like to tell you a story,

18
00:01:10,925 --> 00:01:12,965
the story of a big change,

19
00:01:12,965 --> 00:01:16,991
and the story of the people 
who made this change possible.

20
00:01:19,064 --> 00:01:23,934
I arrived in Afghanistan in 1990,

21
00:01:25,128 --> 00:01:30,213
to work in a hospital for war victims,

22
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And then, not only for war victims;

23
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it was for any kind of patients.

24
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At that time, I found myself 
in a strange situation.

25
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I felt not quite ready for that job.

26
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There was so much to learn.

27
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There were so many things new to me,

28
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but it was a terrific job.

29
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I was also working 
in the orthopaedic center,

30
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We call it like this. It's the place 
where we make the legs.

31
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And, I said, it was fantastic

32
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but there was something strange.

33
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As soon as the fight intensified,

34
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the physical rehabilitation was suspended.

35
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There were many other things to do,

36
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so the orthopaedic center was closed,

37
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because physical rehabilitation 
was not considered a priority.

38
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It was a strange sensation.

39
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Anyway, I was working --

40
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sorry I'm a bit confused. (Sigh)

41
00:02:47,717 --> 00:02:50,179
You know, every time 
I make this speech, --

42
00:02:50,179 --> 00:02:52,564
this is not the first time -- 
it's an emotion,

43
00:02:52,564 --> 00:02:56,333
it's something that comes out 
from the past.

44
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It's been 21 years, 
but it's still all there.

45
00:02:59,539 --> 00:03:06,143
Anyway. In 1992 the Mujahideen 
took all Afghanistan,

46
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and the orthopaedic center was closed.

47
00:03:09,643 --> 00:03:14,311
I was assigned to work for the homeless, 


48
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for the internally displaced people.

49
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The orthopaedic center was closed,

50
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and... (Sigh) 
It was a very strange sensation.

51
00:03:28,137 --> 00:03:31,825
But one day, something happened.

52
00:03:32,485 --> 00:03:38,093
I was coming back from 
a big food distribution in a mosque,

53
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where tens and tens
of people were squatting

54
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in terrible conditions.

55
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I wanted to go home, I was driving,

56
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and, you know, when you want to forget,

57
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you don't want to see things.

58
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You just want to go to your room

59
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to lock yourself inside, 
and say, "That's enough."

60
00:03:59,487 --> 00:04:02,805
A bomb fell, not far from my car --

61
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well, far enough, 
but [making a] big noise.

62
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And everybody disappeared from the street.

63
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The cars disappeared as well.

64
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I docked, and only one figure remained 


65
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in the middle of the road.

66
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It was a man on a wheelchair,

67
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desperately trying to move away.

68
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Well, I'm not a particularly brave person,

69
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I have to confess it,

70
00:04:31,895 --> 00:04:35,320
but I could not just ignore him.

71
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So, I stopped the car,

72
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and I went to help.

73
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The man was without legs, 
and only with one arm.

74
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Behind him, there was a child, his son.

75
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His face was red because of his effort 
to push the father.

76
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So, I took him into a safe place,

77
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and I asked, "What are you doing 
out in the street,

78
00:05:02,561 --> 00:05:04,844
in this situation?"

79
00:05:04,844 --> 00:05:09,589
"I work", he said. 
I wondered, "What work?"

80
00:05:09,589 --> 00:05:12,374
And then I asked
an even more stupid question,

81
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"Why don't you have a prosthesis?"

82
00:05:14,589 --> 00:05:17,448
Why don't you have the artificial legs?

83
00:05:17,448 --> 00:05:20,883
And he said, "The Red Cross is closed".

84
00:05:20,883 --> 00:05:23,082
Well, without thinking,

85
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I told him, "Come tomorrow.

86
00:05:25,461 --> 00:05:29,285
We will provide you with a pair of legs."

87
00:05:29,285 --> 00:05:32,149
The man -- his name was Mahmoud

88
00:05:32,149 --> 00:05:36,569
and the child's name was Rafi -- left.

89
00:05:36,569 --> 00:05:40,662
Then I said, 
"Oh my god! What did I say?"

90
00:05:40,662 --> 00:05:44,826
The center is closed, no staff around,

91
00:05:44,826 --> 00:05:48,414
maybe the machinery's broken.

92
00:05:48,414 --> 00:05:51,063
Who is going to make the legs for him?"

93
00:05:51,063 --> 00:05:55,146
So I hoped that he would not come.

94
00:05:55,146 --> 00:06:01,613
These are the streets of Kabul, 
in those days.

95
00:06:01,613 --> 00:06:06,805
But, so I said, 
"I will give him some money."

96
00:06:06,805 --> 00:06:08,151
So, the following day,

97
00:06:08,151 --> 00:06:11,084
I went to the orthopaedic center

98
00:06:11,084 --> 00:06:14,556
and I spoke with the gate keeper.

99
00:06:14,556 --> 00:06:15,766
I was ready to tell him,

100
00:06:15,766 --> 00:06:20,471
"Listen, if someone, such and such, 
comes tomorrow,

101
00:06:20,471 --> 00:06:22,627
please tell him that there was a mistake.

102
00:06:22,627 --> 00:06:26,192
Nothing can be done. 
Give him some money and..."

103
00:06:26,192 --> 00:06:29,002
But Mahmoud and his son 
were already there,

104
00:06:29,002 --> 00:06:30,770
and they were not alone.

105
00:06:30,770 --> 00:06:32,639
There were 15,

106
00:06:32,639 --> 00:06:36,415
maybe 20 people like him, 
waiting. (Laughter)

107
00:06:36,415 --> 00:06:39,779
And there was some staff too.

108
00:06:39,779 --> 00:06:44,712
Among them, there was
my right-hand man, Najmuddin.

109
00:06:46,316 --> 00:06:48,645
And the gate keeper told me,

110
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"They come every day, 
to see if the center would open."

111
00:06:53,047 --> 00:06:56,562
I said, "No, we have to go away, 
we cannot stay here!"

112
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They were bombing, not very close,

113
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but you could hear 
the noise of the bombs.

114
00:07:00,237 --> 00:07:02,725
So, "We cannot stay here,
it's dangerous.

115
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It's not a priority."

116
00:07:05,262 --> 00:07:08,492
But, Najmuddin told me, 
"Listen, now we're here,

117
00:07:08,492 --> 00:07:10,378
at least we can start repairing 


118
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the broken prosthesis of the people

119
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and maybe try to do something
for people like Mahmoud."

120
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I said, "No, please, we cannot do that,

121
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it's really dangerous, 
we have other things to do."

122
00:07:23,197 --> 00:07:25,331
But they insisted.

123
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When you have 20 people

124
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in front of you, looking at you,

125
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and you are the one who has to decide...

126
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So, we started doing some repairs.

127
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Also, one of the physiotherapists reported

128
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that Mahmoud could be provided with legs,

129
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but not immediately.

130
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[His] legs were swollen, 
and [his] knees were stiff,

131
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so he needed a long preparation.

132
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Believe me: I was worried,

133
00:07:53,868 --> 00:07:55,694
because I was breaking the rules.

134
00:07:55,694 --> 00:07:59,980
I was doing something 
that I was not supposed to do!

135
00:08:00,626 --> 00:08:02,583
In the evening, I went to speak 


136
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with the bosses at the headquarters

137
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and I told them -- I lied --

138
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I told them, "Listen, 
we are going to start,

139
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a couple of hours per day, 
just a few repairs..."

140
00:08:14,920 --> 00:08:17,559
Maybe some of them [are] here now.

141
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(Laughter)

142
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So, we started. I was working.

143
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I was going every day to work 
for the homeless,

144
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and Najmuddin was staying there,

145
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doing everything 
and reporting on the patients.

146
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he was telling me, "Patients are coming".

147
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We knew that many more patients 
could not come

148
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[because of the fighting], 
but people were coming,

149
00:08:43,128 --> 00:08:45,615
and Mahmoud was coming everyday.

150
00:08:45,615 --> 00:08:49,762
And slowly, slowly, week after week,

151
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his legs were improving,

152
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the stumps were cast,

153
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[his] prosthesis was made,

154
00:08:57,437 --> 00:09:02,136
and he was starting 
a real physical rehabilitation.

155
00:09:02,136 --> 00:09:05,576
He was coming every day, 
crossing the front line.

156
00:09:05,576 --> 00:09:07,324
A couple of times, 
I crossed the front line

157
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in the very place where Mahmoud 
and his son were crossing.

158
00:09:11,174 --> 00:09:13,855
I tell you! It was something so sinister

159
00:09:13,855 --> 00:09:18,738
that I was astonished 
they could do it every day.

160
00:09:18,738 --> 00:09:23,136
But finally, the great day arrived:

161
00:09:23,136 --> 00:09:27,623
the day when Mahmoud was going to be 
discharged with his new legs.

162
00:09:27,623 --> 00:09:31,388
It was April, I remember, 
a very beautiful day.

163
00:09:31,388 --> 00:09:34,836
Kabul. April in Kabul is beautiful,

164
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full of roses, full of flowers.

165
00:09:37,663 --> 00:09:40,506
We could not possibly stay indoors,

166
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with all these sandbags in the windows.

167
00:09:43,714 --> 00:09:46,492
[It was] very sad, dark.

168
00:09:46,492 --> 00:09:49,595
So, we chose a small spot in the garden,

169
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and Mahmoud put on his prosthesis,

170
00:09:52,691 --> 00:09:55,836
the other patients did the same,

171
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and they started practicing 
for the last time,

172
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before being discharged.

173
00:09:59,924 --> 00:10:04,065
And suddenly, they started fighting.

174
00:10:04,065 --> 00:10:06,013
Two groups of Mujahiddeen 
started fighting.

175
00:10:06,013 --> 00:10:10,738
We could hear 
the bullets passing in the air.

176
00:10:10,738 --> 00:10:15,295
So we dashed, all of us, 
towards the shelter.

177
00:10:17,167 --> 00:10:19,285
Mahmoud grabbed his son, 
I grabbed someone else.

178
00:10:19,285 --> 00:10:22,235
Everybody was grabbing something.

179
00:10:22,235 --> 00:10:25,024
We ran. You know, 
50 meters can be a long distance,

180
00:10:25,024 --> 00:10:26,874
if you are totally exposed,

181
00:10:26,874 --> 00:10:29,735
but we managed to reach the shelter.

182
00:10:29,735 --> 00:10:33,874
(Sigh of relief) Inside, 
all of us [were] panting,

183
00:10:33,874 --> 00:10:38,495
we stopped a moment, 
and I heard Rafi, telling his father,

184
00:10:38,495 --> 00:10:42,548
"Father, you can run, faster than me!"
(Laughter)

185
00:10:42,548 --> 00:10:45,946
And Mahmoud, "Of course I can!

186
00:10:45,946 --> 00:10:49,664
I can run, and now, you can go to school.

187
00:10:49,664 --> 00:10:52,008
No need of staying with me 
all the day,

188
00:10:52,008 --> 00:10:53,934
pushing my wheelchair".

189
00:10:53,934 --> 00:10:56,715
Later on, we took them home,

190
00:10:56,715 --> 00:10:58,238
and I will never forget

191
00:10:58,238 --> 00:11:01,424
Mahmoud and his son, walking together,

192
00:11:01,424 --> 00:11:04,504
pushing the empty wheelchair.

193
00:11:04,504 --> 00:11:06,715
And then I understood.

194
00:11:06,715 --> 00:11:10,758
Physical rehabilitation is a priority.

195
00:11:10,758 --> 00:11:14,753
Dignity cannot wait for better times.

196
00:11:15,664 --> 00:11:20,741
Well, from that day on, 
we've never closed a single day.

197
00:11:20,741 --> 00:11:22,444
Well, sometimes 
we suspended it for a few hours,

198
00:11:22,444 --> 00:11:27,544
but we've never closed again.

199
00:11:27,544 --> 00:11:30,336
I met Mahmoud one year later.

200
00:11:30,336 --> 00:11:33,110
He was in good shape.

201
00:11:34,302 --> 00:11:36,031
A bit thinner.

202
00:11:36,581 --> 00:11:40,490
He needed to change his prosthesis,

203
00:11:40,490 --> 00:11:42,951
a new pair of prosthesis.

204
00:11:42,951 --> 00:11:44,558
I asked about his son, he told me,

205
00:11:44,558 --> 00:11:46,875
"He's at school, he's doing quite well."

206
00:11:46,875 --> 00:11:51,049
But I understood he wanted 
to tell me something.

207
00:11:51,049 --> 00:11:55,975
So, I asked him, "What is [it]?"

208
00:11:55,975 --> 00:12:00,640
He was sweating, 
he was clearly embarrassed

209
00:12:00,640 --> 00:12:05,396
and he was standing 
in front of me, his head down.

210
00:12:06,616 --> 00:12:11,607
He said, "You have taught me to walk.

211
00:12:11,607 --> 00:12:13,670
Thank you very much.

212
00:12:13,670 --> 00:12:17,901
Now, help me not to be 
a beggar anymore."

213
00:12:17,901 --> 00:12:20,652
That was the job.

214
00:12:20,652 --> 00:12:24,734
"My children are growing. I feel ashamed.

215
00:12:24,734 --> 00:12:28,450
I don't want them to be teased at school,


216
00:12:28,450 --> 00:12:31,106
by the other students".

217
00:12:32,786 --> 00:12:36,053
I thought, "How much money 
do I have in my pocket?

218
00:12:36,053 --> 00:12:39,300
Just give him some money? 
It's the easiest way."

219
00:12:39,300 --> 00:12:41,270
He read my mind,

220
00:12:41,270 --> 00:12:45,737
and he said, "I ask for a job."

221
00:12:47,260 --> 00:12:49,713
And then he added something

222
00:12:50,513 --> 00:12:53,487
I will never forget 
for the rest of my life.

223
00:12:54,174 --> 00:13:01,629
He said, "I am a scrap of a man, 
but if you help me,

224
00:13:01,629 --> 00:13:04,642
I'm ready to do anything,

225
00:13:04,642 --> 00:13:08,013
even if I have to crawl on the ground".

226
00:13:09,761 --> 00:13:11,864
And then he sat down, I sat down too,

227
00:13:11,864 --> 00:13:15,130
with goose bumps everywhere.

228
00:13:20,054 --> 00:13:27,661
Legless, with only one arm, 
illiterate, unskilled.

229
00:13:28,761 --> 00:13:32,202
What job [could I offer] him?

230
00:13:33,864 --> 00:13:36,852
Najmuddin told me, 
"Well, we have a vacancy 


231
00:13:36,852 --> 00:13:40,050
in the carpentry shop. We can..."

232
00:13:40,050 --> 00:13:44,010
"What?", I said. "Stop..."

233
00:13:44,010 --> 00:13:49,263
[Najmuddin]: "Well, yes, we need 
to increase the production of feet.

234
00:13:49,263 --> 00:13:51,157
We need to employ someone

235
00:13:51,157 --> 00:13:56,371
to glue and screw the sole of the feet.

236
00:13:56,371 --> 00:13:58,796
We need to increase the production."

237
00:13:58,796 --> 00:14:02,787
"Excuse me?" -- I could not believe!

238
00:14:04,847 --> 00:14:11,404
And then he said, 
"No, we can modify the workbench,

239
00:14:11,404 --> 00:14:14,483
maybe to put a special stool, 
a special anvil,

240
00:14:14,483 --> 00:14:18,441
a special device, 
and maybe an electrical screwdriver."

241
00:14:18,441 --> 00:14:22,029
I said, "It's insane!

242
00:14:22,029 --> 00:14:24,627
And it's even cruel 
to think of anything like this!

243
00:14:24,627 --> 00:14:28,195
That's a production line, 
and a very fast one.

244
00:14:28,195 --> 00:14:32,271
It's cruel to offer him a job,

245
00:14:32,271 --> 00:14:36,121
knowing that he's going to fail."

246
00:14:36,921 --> 00:14:41,131
But with Najmuddin, 
we cannot discuss, so...

247
00:14:41,131 --> 00:14:42,574
(Laughter)

248
00:14:44,054 --> 00:14:46,915
The only thing I could manage to obtain

249
00:14:46,915 --> 00:14:51,171
was a kind of compromise,

250
00:14:51,171 --> 00:14:53,705
"Only one week, one week trial,

251
00:14:53,705 --> 00:14:55,923
not a single day more."

252
00:14:59,176 --> 00:15:02,204
One week later, Mahmoud was the fastest

253
00:15:02,204 --> 00:15:04,229
in the production line.

254
00:15:06,550 --> 00:15:09,025
I told Nahjmuddin, "That's a trick!"

255
00:15:09,025 --> 00:15:10,000
(Laughter)

256
00:15:10,000 --> 00:15:13,575
"I can't believe it!" 
The production was 20% up!

257
00:15:13,575 --> 00:15:16,265
"It's a trick, it's a trick!", I said.

258
00:15:16,265 --> 00:15:21,084
And then, I asked 
for a verification: it was true.

259
00:15:21,814 --> 00:15:24,203
[Najmuddin's comment] was:

260
00:15:24,203 --> 00:15:27,066
"Mahmoud has something to prove."

261
00:15:27,836 --> 00:15:30,943
I remember, Mahmoud -- 
he got the job of course --

262
00:15:30,943 --> 00:15:35,026
is the one sitting on the left.

263
00:15:39,145 --> 00:15:43,649
He got the job, of course, 
and then it was incredible.

264
00:15:43,649 --> 00:15:49,626
I understood I was wrong again. 
Mahmood looked taller.

265
00:15:49,626 --> 00:15:56,204
I remember him sitting 
behind the workbench, smiling.

266
00:15:56,204 --> 00:16:00,413
He was a new man, tall again.

267
00:16:01,466 --> 00:16:07,743
Of course, I understood 
that what made him stand tall --

268
00:16:07,743 --> 00:16:09,625
yeah, well, the legs, 
thank you very much --

269
00:16:09,625 --> 00:16:14,401
but as a first step, it was the dignity.

270
00:16:14,401 --> 00:16:19,315
He has regained his full dignity 
thanks to that job.

271
00:16:20,038 --> 00:16:21,615
So, of course, I understood

272
00:16:21,615 --> 00:16:26,471
and then we started a new policy, 
completely different.

273
00:16:26,471 --> 00:16:30,506
Now, we decided to employ as many 
disabled [people] as possible,

274
00:16:30,506 --> 00:16:33,610
to train them in any possible job.

275
00:16:33,610 --> 00:16:37,817
It became a policy 
of positive discrimination,

276
00:16:37,817 --> 00:16:40,164
[as] we call it now.

277
00:16:40,904 --> 00:16:42,881
And you know what?

278
00:16:42,881 --> 00:16:44,444
It' s good for everybody.

279
00:16:44,444 --> 00:16:47,140
Everybody benefits from that:

280
00:16:47,140 --> 00:16:49,122
those employed, of course,

281
00:16:49,122 --> 00:16:54,223
because they get a job and dignity.

282
00:16:54,223 --> 00:16:58,143
But also for the newcomers.
They are 7,000 every year,

283
00:16:58,143 --> 00:17:00,686
people coming in for the first time.

284
00:17:00,686 --> 00:17:02,420
And you should see 
the face of these people

285
00:17:02,420 --> 00:17:05,943
when they realized that 
those assisting them are like them.

286
00:17:05,943 --> 00:17:10,483
Sometimes you see them, they look... "Oh!"

287
00:17:10,483 --> 00:17:12,263
And you see their face

288
00:17:12,263 --> 00:17:17,304
and the surprise turns into hope.

289
00:17:19,384 --> 00:17:22,778
And it's easy for me as well 
to train someone

290
00:17:22,778 --> 00:17:25,644
who has already passed
through the experience of disability.

291
00:17:26,164 --> 00:17:28,103
They learn much faster.

292
00:17:28,103 --> 00:17:31,448
The motivation, the empathy 
they can establish with the patient

293
00:17:31,448 --> 00:17:34,074
is completely different, completely.

294
00:17:35,254 --> 00:17:37,905
Scraps of men do not exist.

295
00:17:37,905 --> 00:17:43,265
People like Mahmoud are agents of change.

296
00:17:43,265 --> 00:17:46,421
And, when you start changing, 
you cannot stop.

297
00:17:46,421 --> 00:17:48,388
So, employing people, yes,

298
00:17:48,388 --> 00:17:54,733
but also we started a program 
of microfinance education

299
00:17:54,733 --> 00:17:58,864
and -- sorry, this machine.

300
00:17:58,864 --> 00:18:01,760
That's Najmuddin, 
the one with the white coat. 


301
00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:04,376
Terrible Najmuddin, he's that one.

302
00:18:04,376 --> 00:18:11,922
And when you start you cannot stop, 
so you do vocational training,

303
00:18:11,922 --> 00:18:17,414
microfinance, home education 
for those who cannot go to school.

304
00:18:21,025 --> 00:18:27,574
Physiotherapy can also 
be done at home, not only...

305
00:18:29,964 --> 00:18:32,629
Physiotherapy can be done 
in an orthopaedic center,

306
00:18:32,629 --> 00:18:35,805
but also in the houses of the people.

307
00:18:35,805 --> 00:18:39,130
There is always a better way to do things.

308
00:18:40,385 --> 00:18:45,119
I have learned a lot from people 
like Najmuddin, Mahmoud, Rafi.

309
00:18:45,119 --> 00:18:46,935
They are my teachers.

310
00:18:46,935 --> 00:18:52,414
I have a wish, a big wish, 
that this way of working,

311
00:18:52,414 --> 00:18:57,050
this way of thinking is going to be 
implemented in other countries.

312
00:18:58,089 --> 00:19:01,713
There are plenty of countries at war, 
like Afghanistan.

313
00:19:02,303 --> 00:19:05,915
It is possible and it is not difficult.

314
00:19:05,915 --> 00:19:09,156
All we have to do is to --

315
00:19:13,293 --> 00:19:14,565
how can I say it? --

316
00:19:14,958 --> 00:19:19,771
is to listen to the people 
that we are supposed to assist,

317
00:19:20,715 --> 00:19:25,434
to make them part 
of the decision-making process,

318
00:19:25,434 --> 00:19:28,857
and then, of course, to adapt.

319
00:19:28,857 --> 00:19:32,280
This is my big wish.

320
00:19:32,280 --> 00:19:35,303
Well, don't think the changes 
in Afghanistan are over.

321
00:19:35,303 --> 00:19:37,369
Not at all. We are going on.

322
00:19:37,369 --> 00:19:40,519
Recently, we have just started a program,

323
00:19:40,519 --> 00:19:46,325
a sport program: basketball 
for wheelchair users.

324
00:19:46,755 --> 00:19:49,023
We transport wheelchairs 
everwhere in the country.

325
00:19:49,023 --> 00:19:54,552
We have several teams now,
in many parts of Afghanistan.

326
00:19:54,552 --> 00:19:59,059
At the beginning, when Najmuddin told me,

327
00:19:59,609 --> 00:20:03,305
"We would like to start it.", 
I hesitated, I said, "No!"

328
00:20:03,305 --> 00:20:06,746
Can you imagine? 
I said, "No, no, no, we can't."

329
00:20:06,746 --> 00:20:10,372
And then I asked 
the usual question, "Is it a priority?

330
00:20:10,372 --> 00:20:14,036
Is it really necessary?" 


331
00:20:14,036 --> 00:20:15,600
Well, now you should see me.

332
00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:18,725
I never miss a single training session.

333
00:20:18,725 --> 00:20:21,712
The night before a match, 
I'm very nervous,

334
00:20:21,712 --> 00:20:25,239
and you should see me during the match.

335
00:20:25,239 --> 00:20:28,510
I shout, well like a true Italian!

336
00:20:28,510 --> 00:20:31,005
(Laughter)

337
00:20:31,005 --> 00:20:35,493
What's next? What is going to be 
the next change?

338
00:20:35,973 --> 00:20:38,927
I don't know yet, but I'm sure that 
Najmuddin and his friends,

339
00:20:38,927 --> 00:20:42,145
they already have [something] in mind.

340
00:20:42,145 --> 00:20:44,134
That was my story. Thank you very much.

341
00:20:44,134 --> 00:20:46,237
(Applauses)