[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.09,0:00:08.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just a minute ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.46,0:00:11.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this oil helped make a delicious meal possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.25,0:00:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now, it's just some nasty goop.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.79,0:00:15.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What should we do with it?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.04,0:00:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the easiest thing would be
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.33,0:00:17.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pour it down the drain;
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.50,0:00:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes it seem like it's gone,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.50,0:00:20.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's not really gone.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.58,0:00:22.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, it's collecting bits of food
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.91,0:00:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other random stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.41,0:00:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing monstrous, greasy blockages
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.64,0:00:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that clog not only your own drain
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.52,0:00:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but entire sewage systems,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.35,0:00:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing flooding and pollution.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.26,0:00:36.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many places have laws for proper disposal of grease,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.61,0:00:39.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we can go one step further.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.24,0:00:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of just throwing it away safely,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.07,0:00:43.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can turn it into something useful.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.11,0:00:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you're wondering
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.18,0:00:45.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what anyone could possibly want
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.65,0:00:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a bunch of digusting, used cooking oil,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.82,0:00:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the answer is: biodiesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.07,0:00:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've probably heard of diesel engines.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.20,0:00:54.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They power farming and construction equipment,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.57,0:00:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trucks, buses, ships, trains, backup generators,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.21,0:00:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even some cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.98,0:01:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of the fuel that feeds these engines
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.80,0:01:03.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is refined from petroleum,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.40,0:01:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which comes from long-dead dinosaurs
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.43,0:01:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other ancient fossils.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.26,0:01:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But diesel fuel can also be derived from
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.27,0:01:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more recently-dead organisms,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.82,0:01:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like plants and animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.27,0:01:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this type of fuel is what we call biodiesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.74,0:01:18.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Biodiesel is a biodegradable energy source,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.11,0:01:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made from plant oils or animal fats,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.44,0:01:23.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can usually be burned in regular diesel engines.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.57,0:01:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You guessed it,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.60,0:01:26.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the 'bio' version of diesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.65,0:01:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's cleaner than normal diesel,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.15,0:01:30.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so there has been a push to generate it
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.07,0:01:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from crops like soybeans.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.04,0:01:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, growing plants for fuel,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.82,0:01:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of food, comes with its own problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.17,0:01:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But fortunately, we already have some oils and fats right here.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.90,0:01:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Preparing your used cooking grease for recycling
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.48,0:01:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is easy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.84,0:01:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, let it cool down to room temperature.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.23,0:01:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, transfer it to a clean container.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.48,0:01:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can use any old bottles you have lying around,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.51,0:01:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like milk jugs,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.82,0:01:53.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as long as they're completely empty,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.18,0:01:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rinsed, and dried.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.82,0:01:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Use a funnel to avoid spills
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.48,0:01:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a sieve to filter out any small food particles.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.57,0:02:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can even add bacon grease
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.03,0:02:02.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other animal fats
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.19,0:02:03.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the excess oil from canned food,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.28,0:02:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like tuna or sardines,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.86,0:02:08.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just make sure it's really oil and not brine.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.57,0:02:11.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what happens now that your oil is safely contained?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.37,0:02:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, many cities have recycling services
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.96,0:02:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will pick up large amounts of grease
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.82,0:02:17.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from restaurants and other establishments.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.87,0:02:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there are locations
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.96,0:02:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where individuals can drop off their containers, as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.75,0:02:24.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of this grease will end up at a processing plant,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.13,0:02:27.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it can be converted to useable biodiesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.43,0:02:29.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does this conversion work?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.17,0:02:31.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, all these oils and fats you donated
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.72,0:02:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are made up of triglycerides,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.48,0:02:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a glycerol molecule connected to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.07,0:02:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,three fatty acid chains.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.32,0:02:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To convert fats to fuel,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.90,0:02:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they react with an alcohol,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.52,0:02:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually methanol or ethanol,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.48,0:02:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which produces long-chain esters and glycerol.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.48,0:02:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To compare, here are some molecules
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.48,0:02:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of regular diesel fuel.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.15,0:02:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, here are the molecules we created
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.48,0:02:53.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by breaking apart the triglycerides.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.45,0:02:55.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Glycerol is the odd man out,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.32,0:02:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's removed at the end of the process.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.82,0:02:59.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But look at these esters!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.50,0:03:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you squint, their structures look pretty similar
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.80,0:03:05.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to those of the long-chain hydrocarbons in regular diesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.59,0:03:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And diesel engines, with a few small modifications,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.07,0:03:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can also be made to squint
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.57,0:03:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and burn these esters like regular diesel fuel.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.01,0:03:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Et voila! Biodiesel.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.09,0:03:18.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you might be wondering whether all this hassle
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.59,0:03:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over recycling used cooking oil
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.23,0:03:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is even worth it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.90,0:03:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, how much energy can it possibly generate?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.98,0:03:28.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, if all the grease that New Yorkers throw away in one day
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.90,0:03:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were converted to jet fuel,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.78,0:03:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be enough to power several hundred flights
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.70,0:03:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from New York to Los Angeles.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.87,0:03:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And let's not forget that using waste oil
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.82,0:03:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of burning more fossil fuels
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.82,0:03:43.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will limit our negative effects on the environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.07,0:03:44.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recycling used cooking grease
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.71,0:03:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turns goop into good.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.53,0:03:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By contributing a little bit,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.13,0:03:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individuals and businesses can help create
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.97,0:03:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an alternative, stable source of diesel oil,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.44,0:03:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while protecting the environment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.94,0:03:55.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and keeping our cities cleaner.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.68,0:03:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's pretty slick.