[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.95,0:00:05.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every three years the OECD tests fifteen-year olds around the world at the PISA
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.65,0:00:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ranks countries based on the results.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.76,0:00:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And every three years, some people use the ranking to say U.S. public education is failing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.74,0:00:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They say we must privatize, test, incentivize, union-bust, cut, and fire our way to success.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.60,0:00:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they are hoping is that you'll look only at the rankings and not the lessons that can be learned
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.71,0:00:33.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the highest performing countries. Because when you delve deeper, you will see that these countries
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.36,0:00:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have very different priorities from the ones they are pushing in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.78,0:00:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One myth they perpetuate is that student performance in the U.S. is dropping like a rock.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.58,0:00:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, since the PISA study began, the United States' performance has been relatively consistent,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.08,0:00:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slightly above average in reading, about average in science, and below average in math.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.50,0:01:01.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is this good enough? Of course not. Especially since other countries are improving at a faster rate.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.39,0:01:07.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to make real progress, we need to focus on what will help U.S. students improve the most.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.33,0:01:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One thing PISA research makes clear, is that poverty's affect on educational equity matters.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.79,0:01:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The United States has a much higher child poverty rate than most developed countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.43,0:01:22.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you compare apples to apples and divide up U.S. schools based on their poverty rate,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.40,0:01:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U.S. schools with less than 10% poverty lead most top performing countries with similar rates.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.49,0:01:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same holds true with poverty rates between 10 and 24%, 25 and 49%, and between 50 and 75%.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.69,0:01:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In each group, the U.S. is near the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.38,0:01:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The PISA research also shows that high-performing countries are doing a better job reducing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.71,0:01:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the achievement gap.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.44,0:01:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another myth is that we already spend the most of any country on education.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.62,0:01:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that proves that schools don't need more money.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.69,0:02:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, when you remove the high cost of college, the U.S. ranks only slightly above average.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.67,0:02:06.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, the real problem in the U.S. is the lack of equity in spending.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.01,0:02:09.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The U.S. ranks near the bottom in providing poor children equal access
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.80,0:02:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to quality educational materials.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.55,0:02:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the U.S. is only one of four countries where student-to-teacher ratios are actually higher
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.40,0:02:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for disadvantaged students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.75,0:02:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since the economic crisis, compared to the OECD average, U.S. education spending is moving in the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.66,0:02:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrong direction with a 1% cut. Only three countries have cut more.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.41,0:02:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The U.S. also lags in early childhood education.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.84,0:02:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only 51% of three-year olds in the U.S. are enrolled in high-quality preschools,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.78,0:02:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compared to much higher rates in other countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.53,0:02:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another myth perpetuated is that our teachers are overpaid and their workday is too short.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.69,0:02:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, looking into the PISA data,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.14,0:02:57.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not hard to see why almost 50% of teachers in the U.S. quit within 5 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.22,0:03:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,U.S. primary school teachers spend the most hours teaching in the classroom among all PISA countries
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.59,0:03:07.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet rank near the bottom in teacher pay.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.45,0:03:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In high performing countries, teachers don't work fewer hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.83,0:03:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather, they use the extra time to collaborate, prepare lessons, grade papers,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.46,0:03:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and talk with parents...all of which help student performance.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.80,0:03:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another myth is that other countries have better teachers because they only recruit
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.77,0:03:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the top third of college graduates.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.59,0:03:31.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,OECD labels this claim as "not supported by evidence".
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.46,0:03:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, high performing countries work to ensure all teachers are well-prepared
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.74,0:03:39.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and supported throughout their careers.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.95,0:03:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet another myth is that the problem is obstruction from the teachers' unions.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.69,0:03:50.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, the highest performing countries like Japan and Finland have the strongest teachers' unions
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.31,0:03:55.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the OECD recommends working with, rather than demonizing, unions.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.81,0:04:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe, just maybe, the problem is not the teachers or the unions or the parents or the students.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.69,0:04:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we're not doing the right things.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.94,0:04:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this year, rather than wringing our hands about the U.S. ranking and doing the wrong things,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.53,0:04:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to learn lessons from top performing countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.68,0:04:21.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Investing in early childhood education.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.66,0:04:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Targeting resources to the kids who need it the most.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.22,0:04:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Giving teachers time to prepare lessons and collaborate.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.11,0:04:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Proper implementation of a robust curriculum
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.95,0:04:37.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using tests to help teachers meet students' needs rather than as punishment.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.68,0:04:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And treating teachers, community groups, and unions as partners in improving education.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.65,0:04:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only by implementing these proven reforms will we be able to reclaim the promise
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.88,0:04:52.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a quality public education for all children in the United States.