[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.75,0:00:18.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's start by talking\Nabout 3D printing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.22,0:00:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D printing is a lot like\Nnormal printing,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.17,0:00:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's in 3D.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.12,0:00:26.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.07,0:00:28.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not that kind of 3D.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.24,0:00:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But more like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.52,0:00:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D printing refers to additive\Nmanufactoring techniques
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.64,0:00:38.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that build objects layer by layer,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.89,0:00:40.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting from nothing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.99,0:00:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ending up with\Na completed physical object.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.71,0:00:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A common exageration is
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.92,0:00:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a 3D printer is just like\Na Star Strek replicator,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.12,0:00:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can make anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.29,0:00:54.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although you can make\Nvery complex geometries
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.20,0:00:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a wide variety of materials
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.02,0:00:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like plastics, powders and metals.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.78,0:01:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3D printing does have its limitations.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.25,0:01:06.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is why we have\Nso many kinds of 3D printers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.16,0:01:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are a lot of\Ndifferent varieties that exist,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.96,0:01:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of different kinds of additive\Nmanufacturing techniques
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.86,0:01:16.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fall within\Nthe field of 3D printing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.45,0:01:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The true magic of 3D printing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.39,0:01:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,isn't it being a Star Trek replicator.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.34,0:01:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's how we use it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.85,0:01:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A 3D printer is used by designers
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.05,0:01:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to generate their parts\Nin the real world.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.12,0:01:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you can take a design,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.22,0:01:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plug it in the printer\Nand it'll print it out for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.06,0:01:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can take\Nthat part in your hands,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.94,0:01:41.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make adjustments to it,\Nchange your design
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.16,0:01:42.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and print another one.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.13,0:01:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's used for iterative design,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.11,0:01:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it actually checks parts\Nwith the real world.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.23,0:01:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a really useful tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.82,0:01:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A disadvantage of 3D printing\Nis that it's actually pretty slow.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.74,0:01:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have a really nice\Nlittle 3D printed cup
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.29,0:02:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over here on the left \Nwith an integrated straw.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.11,0:02:00.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pretty cool!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.66,0:02:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That takes about the same \Namount of time to print
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.36,0:02:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to manufacture \Nas these plastic cups
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.35,0:02:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a hundred packs of 50 plastic cups,\Nso 5,000 plastic cups.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.96,0:02:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's about the same amount \Nof manufacturing time,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.62,0:02:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's low-balling it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.25,0:02:21.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this layer by layer\Nadditive process is pretty slow
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.20,0:02:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compared to a formative\Nmanufacturing technique.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.66,0:02:29.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I started to gain interest \Nin 3D printing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.93,0:02:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I was in \Nmy senior year at MIT.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.64,0:02:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I wanted to make a printer
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.04,0:02:38.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was really fast and really cheap
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.20,0:02:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and printing with \Na wide variety of materials.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.10,0:02:43.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I was a little disappointed \Nto find out
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.61,0:02:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these goals were kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.57,0:02:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the entire 3D printing industry \Nwas already working on.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.12,0:02:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.41,0:02:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I decided, I needed to take\Na different approach
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.43,0:02:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I was going to make \Na big impact in this field.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.37,0:02:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I kinda looked at the trends\Nthat exist within fabrication tools
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.82,0:03:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can plot them \Non this graph here
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.76,0:03:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the flexibility and speed \Nof a fabrication process
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.38,0:03:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are inversely proportional.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.01,0:03:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 3D printing on the left is \Nvery flexible, but pretty slow,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.57,0:03:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and injection molding on the right, \Nmaking legos is very fast,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.76,0:03:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but can only make the parts \Nthe mold is designed to make.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.16,0:03:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I needed something \Nthat was both fast and flexible.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.80,0:03:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of our breakthrough technology
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.19,0:03:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that jumps out of the curve \Nand then I found out
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.57,0:03:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about a little known field called \Nreconfigurable pin tooling,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.38,0:03:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably haven't heard of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.89,0:03:43.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Essentially, the idea\Nis to have a bed of pins
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.61,0:03:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are adjustable in height
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.07,0:03:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with those pins,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.88,0:03:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can generate a surface\Nfor use in molding
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.64,0:03:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or for other applications,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.06,0:03:54.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is from science fiction,\Nthis isn't real.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.76,0:03:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.44,0:03:59.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was surprised to find out \Ninteresting facts though.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.88,0:04:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the first patent\Nin reconfigurable pin tooling,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.41,0:04:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1863, that's 150 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.12,0:04:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in comparison to 3D printing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.22,0:04:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first pattern in \N3D printing was in 1984,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.93,0:04:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's 29 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.56,0:04:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if reconfigurable pin tooling is\Nso cool and such an old idea, \N
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.44,0:04:28.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why are there no \Nreconfigurable pin tools?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.57,0:04:33.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While so many different 3D printers\Nexist on the commercial shelves.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.40,0:04:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it turns out there are \Njust really hard to make.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.08,0:04:39.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this is a pin art toy,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.33,0:04:41.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll probably be familiar with this.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.05,0:04:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the most classic example \Nof a reconfigurable pin tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.32,0:04:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if I were to make this\Nelectronically reconfigurable, \N
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.56,0:04:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would have to add a motor \Nto everyone of these pins, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.70,0:04:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's about a thousand pins\Nin this sort of cheap desktop toy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.26,0:04:58.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A thousand motors\Nis a lot of motors
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.74,0:05:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's a really significant\Nengineering challenge.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.76,0:05:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You probably or you might \Nhave seen this video\N
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.09,0:05:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which actually came out\Nthis last week.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.82,0:05:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a really cool example \Nof a reconfigurable pin display,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.45,0:05:18.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that some of my friends \Nmade at the MIT media lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.05,0:05:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this device\Nis individually actuated,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.19,0:05:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so all the pins have \Na single motor on each one.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.31,0:05:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's 900 pins within \N3 inches resolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.54,0:05:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was used for haptic interface
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.76,0:05:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for making experimental services.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.20,0:05:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if I wanted a surface\Nthat was high resolution to use as mold,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.58,0:05:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why can't I do this?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.83,0:05:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why can't I make this surface \Nsuper high resolution?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.24,0:05:49.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Math. That's why.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.39,0:05:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.36,0:05:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Math is fighting me on this one.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.10,0:05:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I increase the resolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.12,0:06:00.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I get this quadratic scaling \Nof the area,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.49,0:06:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so length times width is area,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.25,0:06:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's a nonlinear term.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.18,0:06:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, when we get\Nto high resolutions,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.04,0:06:11.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this becomes a really big problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.82,0:06:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get huge numbers \Nof pins to control,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.19,0:06:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,massive numbers of motors
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.73,0:06:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it just becomes \Ntotally unfeasible,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.75,0:06:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and everything falls apart.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.73,0:06:21.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So faced with this hopelesness,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.70,0:06:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided to do this \Nfor my PhD and Masters.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.33,0:06:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.67,0:06:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And undergraduate thesis.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.43,0:06:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've been working on it \Nfor about 3 years now.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.68,0:06:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've developed\Na number of techniques
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.88,0:06:40.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to actuate pins and to move pins.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.08,0:06:41.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are some of the prototypes
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.77,0:06:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I actually won\Nan award for one of them,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.84,0:06:45.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the reason I'm here,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.01,0:06:46.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I got picked up after that.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.04,0:06:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was kinda disappointed\Nin all of them so far.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.08,0:06:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until recently, and that's kinda of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.94,0:06:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I wanted to talk \Nto you about today.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.11,0:06:58.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I had an interesting idea
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.55,0:07:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I was working\Non a different project,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.02,0:07:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the reconfigurable \Npin tooling project,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.19,0:07:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I was working on a machine
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.21,0:07:07.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that had a lot of vibrations in it
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.29,0:07:10.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what happened is that\NI was attaching a part to it
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.35,0:07:13.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the screws in that part\Nkept on coming loose.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.83,0:07:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it was really frustating at first, \N
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.00,0:07:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then I realised that \NI could actually use
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.27,0:07:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this pattern vibration to turn out screws,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.67,0:07:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is actually a really good way \Nof getting linear actuation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.88,0:07:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So moving something along its axis.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.53,0:07:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I decided to do is apply this\Nto reconfigurable pin tooling.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.74,0:07:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.50,0:07:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually works pretty good.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.70,0:07:40.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This an array of screws,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.27,0:07:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has a specific pattern\Nof vibration applied to it,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.02,0:07:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that causes selective screws \Nwithin the array
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.06,0:07:53.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to actually turn out and \Nturn them back in as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.27,0:07:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it works like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.28,0:07:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a schematic \Nof the actuaction here.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.75,0:08:03.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have dislocations within \Nthe square array of screws
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.47,0:08:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you dislocate it just right,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.78,0:08:08.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the screw you want \Nto turn and you reset it,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.77,0:08:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get a non linear torque \Napplied to one of the screws,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.55,0:08:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get motion, \Nso pretty cool.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.33,0:08:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the coolest thing about this\Nis that the only actuator you need,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.22,0:08:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the only motor you need \Nfor this array is for the edge pieces.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.26,0:08:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the edges are always \Ngoing to scale linearly
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.76,0:08:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the resolution versus \Nthe number of pins scaling
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.19,0:08:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this huge quadratic term.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.09,0:08:36.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all the pins actually \Nare just little screws.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.07,0:08:37.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Screws are very cheap,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.70,0:08:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get can cheap\Nlinear actuators on the edges
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.04,0:08:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for vibration.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.37,0:08:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this works really well \Nat high resolutions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.52,0:08:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that ratio becomes \Nhigher and higher,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.56,0:08:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you get higher in resolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.71,0:08:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ratio between linear and\Nquadratic terms within the array.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.11,0:08:53.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With me so far?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.27,0:08:55.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.52,0:08:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, after doing this project,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.61,0:09:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm actually pretty confident
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.26,0:09:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now more so than \NI have been in the past,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.10,0:09:09.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this HD pin surface \Ncould be a reality,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.42,0:09:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you could see one of these\Non your desktop
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.18,0:09:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and download a file into it
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.92,0:09:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have it reconfigure its surface
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.40,0:09:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into an arbitruary file\Nthat you found online
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.32,0:09:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you use it as a design tool\Nbecause you could use it as a mold
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.08,0:09:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of just 3D printing objects\Nlayer by layer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.05,0:09:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or along with a 3D printer as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.35,0:09:30.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it's really just \Na close cousin to 3D printing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.62,0:09:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,versus any sort of replacement.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.16,0:09:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here it is, \Nthis is kind of the pitch,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.74,0:09:38.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the digital mold as the next tool
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.31,0:09:44.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help form and shape the future\Nof personal fabrication.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.84,0:09:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.70,0:09:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)