[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good morning. How are you?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.70,0:00:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.94,0:00:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been great, hasn't it?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.27,0:00:10.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been blown away by the whole thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.75,0:00:12.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, I'm leaving.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.27,0:00:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.02,0:00:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There have been three themes\Nrunning through the conference
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.25,0:00:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are relevant\Nto what I want to talk about.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.78,0:00:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One is the extraordinary\Nevidence of human creativity
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.49,0:00:30.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all of the presentations that we've had
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.93,0:00:32.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in all of the people here.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.75,0:00:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just the variety of it\Nand the range of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.16,0:00:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second is\Nthat it's put us in a place
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.32,0:00:40.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we have no idea\Nwhat's going to happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.85,0:00:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.26,0:00:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No idea how this may play out.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.00,0:00:46.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have an interest in education.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.92,0:00:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, what I find is everybody\Nhas an interest in education.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.07,0:00:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't you?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.23,0:00:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I find this very interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.74,0:00:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're at a dinner party,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.60,0:00:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you say you work in education --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.88,0:01:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, you're not often\Nat dinner parties, frankly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.87,0:01:04.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.69,0:01:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you work in education,\Nyou're not asked.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.14,0:01:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.26,0:01:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you're never asked back, curiously.\NThat's strange to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.00,0:01:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you are, and you say to somebody,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.50,0:01:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, they say, "What do you do?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.30,0:01:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you say you work in education,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.00,0:01:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can see the blood run from their face.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.10,0:01:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're like, "Oh my God,"\Nyou know, "Why me?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.40,0:01:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.06,0:01:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My one night out all week."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.71,0:01:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.35,0:01:33.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you ask about their education,\Nthey pin you to the wall.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.61,0:01:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it's one of those things\Nthat goes deep with people, am I right?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.19,0:01:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like religion, and money and other things.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.56,0:01:44.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I have a big interest in education,\Nand I think we all do.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.94,0:01:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a huge vested interest in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.85,0:01:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly because it's education\Nthat's meant to take us into this future
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.20,0:01:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we can't grasp.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.87,0:01:55.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you think of it,\Nchildren starting school this year
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.40,0:01:58.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be retiring in 2065.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.21,0:02:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody has a clue,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.87,0:02:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite all the expertise that's been\Non parade for the past four days,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.45,0:02:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the world will look like\Nin five years' time.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.00,0:02:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet we're meant\Nto be educating them for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.32,0:02:12.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the unpredictability,\NI think, is extraordinary.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.89,0:02:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third part of this
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.28,0:02:16.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.34,0:02:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the really extraordinary\Ncapacities that children have --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.67,0:02:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their capacities for innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.03,0:02:26.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, Sirena last night\Nwas a marvel, wasn't she?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.57,0:02:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just seeing what she could do.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.20,0:02:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she's exceptional, but I think\Nshe's not, so to speak,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.00,0:02:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exceptional in the whole of childhood.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.98,0:02:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you have there is a person\Nof extraordinary dedication
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.80,0:02:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who found a talent.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.09,0:02:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And my contention is,\Nall kids have tremendous talents.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.80,0:02:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.80,0:02:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want to talk about education
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.00,0:02:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I want to talk about creativity.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.90,0:02:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My contention is that creativity now\Nis as important in education as literacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.94,0:02:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we should treat it\Nwith the same status.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.83,0:03:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause) Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.82,0:03:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.48,0:03:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was it, by the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.77,0:03:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.80,0:03:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.93,0:03:11.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, 15 minutes left.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.64,0:03:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.60,0:03:16.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I was born... no.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.51,0:03:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.57,0:03:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I heard a great story recently\N-- I love telling it --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.34,0:03:25.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a little girl\Nwho was in a drawing lesson.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.08,0:03:27.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was six, and she was\Nat the back, drawing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.23,0:03:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the teacher said this girl\Nhardly ever paid attention,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.06,0:03:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in this drawing lesson, she did.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.87,0:03:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The teacher was fascinated.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.23,0:03:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She went over to her,\Nand she said, "What are you drawing?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.02,0:03:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the girl said, "I'm\Ndrawing a picture of God."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.64,0:03:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the teacher said, "But nobody\Nknows what God looks like."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.98,0:03:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the girl said,\N"They will, in a minute."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.10,0:03:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.66,0:03:58.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When my son was four in England --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.41,0:04:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, he was four\Neverywhere, to be honest.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.63,0:04:03.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.40,0:04:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we're being strict about it,\Nwherever he went, he was four that year.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.82,0:04:09.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was in the Nativity play.\NDo you remember the story?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.48,0:04:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.72,0:04:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, it was big, it was a big story.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.57,0:04:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mel Gibson did the sequel,\Nyou may have seen it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.90,0:04:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.18,0:04:17.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Nativity II."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.52,0:04:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But James got the part of Joseph,\Nwhich we were thrilled about.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.68,0:04:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We considered this to be\None of the lead parts.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.24,0:04:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had the place crammed\Nfull of agents in T-shirts:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.74,0:04:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"James Robinson IS Joseph!" (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.00,0:04:30.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He didn't have to speak,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.63,0:04:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you know the bit\Nwhere the three kings come in?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.09,0:04:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They come in bearing gifts,\Ngold, frankincense and myrrh.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.85,0:04:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This really happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.99,0:04:40.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were sitting there and I think\Nthey just went out of sequence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.10,0:04:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we talked to the little boy\Nafterward and we said,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.90,0:04:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You OK with that?" And he said,\N"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.80,0:04:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They just switched.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.90,0:04:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The three boys came in,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.10,0:04:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four-year-olds with tea towels\Non their heads,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.31,0:04:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they put these boxes down,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.83,0:04:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the first boy said,\N"I bring you gold."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.90,0:04:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the second boy said,\N"I bring you myrrh."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.06,0:04:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.09,0:05:00.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.71,0:05:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What these things have in common\Nis that kids will take a chance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.82,0:05:16.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If they don't know, they'll have a go.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.46,0:05:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Am I right? They're not\Nfrightened of being wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.89,0:05:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't mean to say that being wrong\Nis the same thing as being creative.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.89,0:05:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we do know is,\Nif you're not prepared to be wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.00,0:05:30.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll never come up\Nwith anything original --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.39,0:05:32.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're not prepared to be wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.88,0:05:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by the time they get to be adults,\Nmost kids have lost that capacity.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.41,0:05:39.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have become\Nfrightened of being wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.95,0:05:41.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we run our companies like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.66,0:05:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We stigmatize mistakes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.34,0:05:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're now running\Nnational education systems
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.67,0:05:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where mistakes are the worst\Nthing you can make.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.70,0:05:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the result is that\Nwe are educating people
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.93,0:05:54.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of their creative capacities.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.25,0:05:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Picasso once said this, he said\Nthat all children are born artists.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.75,0:06:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem is to remain an artist\Nas we grow up.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.100,0:06:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe this passionately,\Nthat we don't grow into creativity,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.10,0:06:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we grow out of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.98,0:06:08.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or rather, we get educated out if it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.25,0:06:10.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why is this?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.83,0:06:14.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I lived in Stratford-on-Avon\Nuntil about five years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.93,0:06:17.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we moved\Nfrom Stratford to Los Angeles.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.87,0:06:20.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you can imagine\Nwhat a seamless transition that was.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.56,0:06:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.00,0:06:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, we lived in a place\Ncalled Snitterfield,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.40,0:06:25.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just outside Stratford,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.68,0:06:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is where\NShakespeare's father was born.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.08,0:06:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are you struck by a new thought? I was.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.48,0:06:33.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't think of Shakespeare\Nhaving a father, do you?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.10,0:06:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you? Because you don't think\Nof Shakespeare being a child, do you?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.00,0:06:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shakespeare being seven?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.59,0:06:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I never thought of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.86,0:06:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, he was seven at some point.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.57,0:06:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was in somebody's\NEnglish class, wasn't he?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.91,0:06:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.72,0:06:52.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How annoying would that be?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.07,0:06:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.73,0:07:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Must try harder."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.79,0:07:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.71,0:07:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being sent to bed by his dad, you know,\Nto Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.20,0:07:10.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And put the pencil down."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.65,0:07:11.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.75,0:07:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And stop speaking like that."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.33,0:07:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.24,0:07:18.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It's confusing everybody."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.59,0:07:23.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.74,0:07:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, we moved\Nfrom Stratford to Los Angeles,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.10,0:07:31.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I just want to say a word\Nabout the transition.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.57,0:07:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My son didn't want to come.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.00,0:07:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've got two kids;\Nhe's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.00,0:07:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.07,0:07:41.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He loved it, but he had\Na girlfriend in England.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.05,0:07:44.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the love of his life, Sarah.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.76,0:07:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He'd known her for a month.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.16,0:07:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.53,0:07:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mind you, they'd had\Ntheir fourth anniversary,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.81,0:07:52.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's a long time when you're 16.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.78,0:07:54.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was really upset on the plane,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.46,0:07:56.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he said, "I'll never find\Nanother girl like Sarah."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.95,0:07:59.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we were rather pleased\Nabout that, frankly --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.35,0:08:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.40,0:08:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because she was the main reason\Nwe were leaving the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.30,0:08:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.06,0:08:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But something strikes you\Nwhen you move to America
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.42,0:08:19.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and travel around the world:
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.82,0:08:23.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every education system on Earth\Nhas the same hierarchy of subjects.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.54,0:08:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.52,0:08:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'd think it would be\Notherwise, but it isn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.81,0:08:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the top are mathematics and languages,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.80,0:08:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the humanities,\Nand at the bottom are the arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.26,0:08:33.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everywhere on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.40,0:08:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in pretty much every system too,\Nthere's a hierarchy within the arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.52,0:08:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Art and music are normally\Ngiven a higher status in schools
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.40,0:08:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than drama and dance.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.59,0:08:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There isn't an education\Nsystem on the planet
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.87,0:08:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that teaches dance everyday to children
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.95,0:08:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way we teach them mathematics. Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.52,0:08:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why not? I think this is rather important.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.25,0:08:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think math is very\Nimportant, but so is dance.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.58,0:08:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children dance all the time\Nif they're allowed to, we all do.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.50,0:08:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have bodies, don't we?\NDid I miss a meeting?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.00,0:09:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.51,0:09:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Truthfully, what happens is,\Nas children grow up,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.87,0:09:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we start to educate them progressively\Nfrom the waist up.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.66,0:09:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we focus on their heads.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.31,0:09:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And slightly to one side.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.32,0:09:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were to visit\Neducation, as an alien,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.00,0:09:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and say "What's it for, public education?"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.00,0:09:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you'd have to conclude,\Nif you look at the output,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.80,0:09:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who really succeeds by this,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.20,0:09:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who does everything that they should,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.00,0:09:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who gets all the brownie\Npoints, who are the winners --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.76,0:09:29.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you'd have to conclude\Nthe whole purpose of public education
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.12,0:09:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,throughout the world
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.24,0:09:32.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to produce university professors.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.22,0:09:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't it?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.55,0:09:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're the people who come out the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.56,0:09:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I used to be one, so there.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.76,0:09:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.42,0:09:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I like university\Nprofessors, but you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.55,0:09:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we shouldn't hold them up
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.04,0:09:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the high-water mark\Nof all human achievement.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.00,0:09:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're just a form of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.00,0:09:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another form of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.58,0:09:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they're rather curious, and I say this\Nout of affection for them.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.91,0:09:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's something curious\Nabout professors in my experience --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.90,0:10:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not all of them, but typically,\Nthey live in their heads.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.60,0:10:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They live up there,\Nand slightly to one side.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.50,0:10:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're disembodied, you know,\Nin a kind of literal way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.89,0:10:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They look upon their body as a form\Nof transport for their heads.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.01,0:10:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.20,0:10:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't they?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.24,0:10:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a way of getting\Ntheir head to meetings.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.49,0:10:24.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.02,0:10:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want real evidence\Nof out-of-body experiences,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.88,0:10:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get yourself along to a residential\Nconference of senior academics,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.39,0:10:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pop into the discotheque\Non the final night.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.65,0:10:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.48,0:10:38.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there, you will see it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.86,0:10:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Grown men and women\Nwrithing uncontrollably, off the beat.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.00,0:10:45.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.89,0:10:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Waiting until it ends so they can\Ngo home and write a paper about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.24,0:10:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.17,0:10:55.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our education system is predicated\Non the idea of academic ability.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.04,0:10:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's a reason.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.30,0:10:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Around the world, there were\Nno public systems of education,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.88,0:11:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really, before the 19th century.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.01,0:11:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They all came into being\Nto meet the needs of industrialism.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.27,0:11:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.46,0:11:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number one, that the most useful\Nsubjects for work are at the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.08,0:11:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you were\Nprobably steered benignly away
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.13,0:11:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from things at school when you\Nwere a kid, things you liked,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.09,0:11:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the grounds that you would\Nnever get a job doing that. Is that right?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.50,0:11:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't do music, you're not\Ngoing to be a musician;
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.90,0:11:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't do art, you won't be an artist.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.73,0:11:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.17,0:11:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The whole world\Nis engulfed in a revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.34,0:11:32.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the second is academic ability,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.46,0:11:35.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has really come to dominate\Nour view of intelligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.37,0:11:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the universities designed\Nthe system in their image.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.30,0:11:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you think of it, the whole system\Nof public education around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.82,0:11:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a protracted process\Nof university entrance.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.07,0:11:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the consequence\Nis that many highly-talented,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.42,0:11:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brilliant, creative\Npeople think they're not,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.88,0:11:51.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the thing\Nthey were good at at school
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.05,0:11:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wasn't valued,\Nor was actually stigmatized.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.38,0:11:55.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think we can't afford\Nto go on that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.70,0:11:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.19,0:12:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more people worldwide will be graduating
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.02,0:12:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through education\Nthan since the beginning of history.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.60,0:12:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,More people, and it's the combination\Nof all the things we've talked about --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.30,0:12:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology and its transformation\Neffect on work, and demography
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.37,0:12:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the huge explosion in population.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.20,0:12:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.09,0:12:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that true?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.72,0:12:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was a student,\Nif you had a degree, you had a job.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.50,0:12:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you didn't have a job,\Nit's because you didn't want one.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.30,0:12:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I didn't want one, frankly. (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.00,0:12:29.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now kids with degrees
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.10,0:12:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often heading home\Nto carry on playing video games,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.17,0:12:35.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you need an MA where\Nthe previous job required a BA,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.39,0:12:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now you need a PhD for the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.20,0:12:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a process of academic inflation.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.00,0:12:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it indicates the whole\Nstructure of education
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.40,0:12:42.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is shifting beneath our feet.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.86,0:12:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to radically rethink\Nour view of intelligence.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.50,0:12:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know three things about intelligence.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.52,0:12:48.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, it's diverse.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.77,0:12:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think about the world in all the ways\Nthat we experience it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.80,0:12:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think visually, we think in sound,\Nwe think kinesthetically.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.80,0:12:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think in abstract terms,\Nwe think in movement.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.25,0:12:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.59,0:13:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look at the interactions\Nof a human brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.00,0:13:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we heard yesterday\Nfrom a number of presentations,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.00,0:13:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intelligence is wonderfully interactive.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.00,0:13:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The brain isn't divided into compartments.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.87,0:13:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, creativity --\Nwhich I define as the process
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.00,0:13:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of having original ideas\Nthat have value --
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.35,0:13:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more often than not comes about\Nthrough the interaction
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.02,0:13:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of different disciplinary\Nways of seeing things.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.31,0:13:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the way, there's a shaft of nerves\Nthat joins the two halves of the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.00,0:13:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the corpus callosum.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.52,0:13:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's thicker in women.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.09,0:13:30.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Following off from Helen yesterday,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.85,0:13:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is probably why women\Nare better at multi-tasking.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.00,0:13:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you are, aren't you?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.84,0:13:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a raft of research,\Nbut I know it from my personal life.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.74,0:13:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If my wife is cooking a meal at home --\Nwhich is not often, thankfully.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.00,0:13:47.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.88,0:13:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No, she's good at some things,\Nbut if she's cooking,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.40,0:13:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's dealing with people on the phone,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.30,0:13:54.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's talking to the kids,\Nshe's painting the ceiling,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.88,0:13:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's doing open-heart surgery over here.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.00,0:14:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I'm cooking, the door\Nis shut, the kids are out,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.00,0:14:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the phone's on the hook,\Nif she comes in I get annoyed.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.00,0:14:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I say, "Terry, please,\NI'm trying to fry an egg in here."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.10,0:14:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.25,0:14:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Give me a break."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.48,0:14:17.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.22,0:14:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, do you know\Nthat old philosophical thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.74,0:14:22.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if a tree falls in a forest\Nand nobody hears it, did it happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.25,0:14:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember that old chestnut?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.60,0:14:27.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I saw a great t-shirt\Nrecently, which said,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.04,0:14:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If a man speaks his mind\Nin a forest, and no woman hears him,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.00,0:14:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is he still wrong?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.42,0:14:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.98,0:14:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third thing about intelligence is,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.00,0:14:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's distinct.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.75,0:14:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm doing a new book at the moment\Ncalled "Epiphany,"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.35,0:14:48.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is based on a series\Nof interviews with people
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.85,0:14:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how they discovered their talent.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.79,0:14:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm fascinated\Nby how people got to be there.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.99,0:14:56.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really prompted by a conversation\NI had with a wonderful woman
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.20,0:14:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who maybe most people\Nhave never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.90,0:15:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you heard of her? Some have.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.55,0:15:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's a choreographer,\Nand everybody knows her work.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.10,0:15:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.12,0:15:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's wonderful.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.13,0:15:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I used to be on the board\Nof The Royal Ballet,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.30,0:15:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you can see.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.52,0:15:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, Gillian and I had\Nlunch one day and I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.05,0:15:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How did you get to be a dancer?"
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.98,0:15:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.00,0:15:17.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When she was at school,\Nshe was really hopeless.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.37,0:15:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the school, in the '30s,\Nwrote to her parents and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.00,0:15:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We think Gillian\Nhas a learning disorder."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.02,0:15:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She couldn't concentrate;\Nshe was fidgeting.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.19,0:15:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think now they'd say she had ADHD.\NWouldn't you?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.50,0:15:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this was the 1930s, and ADHD\Nhadn't been invented at this point.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.59,0:15:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't an available condition.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.00,0:15:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.76,0:15:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People weren't aware they could have that.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.84,0:15:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.00,0:15:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, she went to see this specialist.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.30,0:15:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this oak-paneled room,\Nand she was there with her mother,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.05,0:15:52.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she was led and sat\Non this chair at the end,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.55,0:15:56.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes\Nwhile this man talked to her mother
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.22,0:15:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the problems\NGillian was having at school.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.57,0:16:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because she was disturbing people;\Nher homework was always late; and so on,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.27,0:16:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little kid of eight.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.39,0:16:06.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the end, the doctor\Nwent and sat next to Gillian, and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.47,0:16:09.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I've listened to all these\Nthings your mother's told me,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.20,0:16:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I need to speak to her privately.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.84,0:16:13.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wait here. We'll be back;\Nwe won't be very long,"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.24,0:16:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they went and left her.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.59,0:16:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But as they went out of the room,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.25,0:16:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he turned on the radio\Nthat was sitting on his desk.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.34,0:16:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when they got out, he said to her\Nmother, "Just stand and watch her."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.00,0:16:26.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the minute they left the room,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.02,0:16:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was on her feet, moving to the music.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:29.52,0:16:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they watched for a few minutes\Nand he turned to her mother and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.00,0:16:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian\Nisn't sick; she's a dancer.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.00,0:16:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take her to a dance school."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.00,0:16:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "What happened?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.00,0:16:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She said, "She did. I can't tell you\Nhow wonderful it was.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.00,0:16:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We walked in this room\Nand it was full of people like me.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.78,0:16:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who couldn't sit still.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.00,0:16:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who had to move to think."\NWho had to move to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.75,0:16:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did ballet, they did tap, jazz;\Nthey did modern; they did contemporary.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.40,0:17:00.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was eventually auditioned\Nfor the Royal Ballet School;
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.24,0:17:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she became a soloist; she had\Na wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.57,0:17:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She eventually graduated\Nfrom the Royal Ballet School,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.20,0:17:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.20,0:17:09.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,met Andrew Lloyd Weber.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.57,0:17:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's been responsible for
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.00,0:17:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the most successful\Nmusical theater productions in history,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:14.17,0:17:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's given pleasure to millions,\Nand she's a multi-millionaire.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.27,0:17:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody else might have put her\Non medication and told her to calm down.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.36,0:17:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.58,0:17:30.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I think it comes to is this:
Dialogue: 0,0:17:30.20,0:17:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Al Gore spoke the other night
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.00,0:17:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about ecology and the revolution\Nthat was triggered by Rachel Carson.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.11,0:17:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe our only hope for the future
Dialogue: 0,0:17:39.30,0:17:43.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to adopt a new conception\Nof human ecology,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.16,0:17:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one in which we start\Nto reconstitute our conception
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.00,0:17:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the richness of human capacity.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.00,0:17:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our education system has mined our minds
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.52,0:17:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way that we strip-mine the earth:\Nfor a particular commodity.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.19,0:17:57.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the future, it won't serve us.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.70,0:17:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to rethink\Nthe fundamental principles
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.00,0:18:01.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on which we're educating our children.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.09,0:18:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a wonderful quote\Nby Jonas Salk, who said,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.78,0:18:09.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If all the insects\Nwere to disappear from the Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.85,0:18:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within 50 years all life\Non Earth would end.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.69,0:18:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If all human beings\Ndisappeared from the Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.78,0:18:19.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within 50 years all forms\Nof life would flourish."
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.24,0:18:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he's right.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.29,0:18:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What TED celebrates is the gift\Nof the human imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.42,0:18:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to be careful now
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.51,0:18:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we use this gift wisely
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.79,0:18:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that we avert some of the scenarios\Nthat we've talked about.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.04,0:18:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the only way we'll do it is by seeing\Nour creative capacities
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.00,0:18:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the richness they are
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.63,0:18:42.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seeing our children\Nfor the hope that they are.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.84,0:18:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our task is to educate\Ntheir whole being,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.26,0:18:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they can face this future.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.77,0:18:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the way -- we may not see this future,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.00,0:18:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they will.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:50.45,0:18:53.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our job is to help them\Nmake something of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.56,0:18:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.58,0:18:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)