[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.85,0:00:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A long time ago,\NI tried to be a mathematician.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.12,0:00:24.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't succeed very well,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.47,0:00:28.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I was studying\Nstrange spaces and surfaces.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.04,0:00:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The term "hyper-reflective space"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.94,0:00:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably doesn't mean\Nanything to most of you,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.86,0:00:36.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but an example I remember is a sphere
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.78,0:00:40.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which the distance, if you go\Nright through it to the other side,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.81,0:00:45.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is exactly the same as the distance\Nyou would walk if you'd go around it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.27,0:00:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.75,0:00:49.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is obviously impossible;\Non Earth this would not work.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.60,0:00:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in math these things are possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.22,0:00:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the amazing thing is,\Nonce you start working on that
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.26,0:00:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thinking about it\Nday and night, on and on,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.25,0:01:01.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a while it becomes possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.14,0:01:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your mind makes these things possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.62,0:01:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you see a space\Nwhere those things work.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.92,0:01:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, the next step\Nis easy: oh, why not?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.78,0:01:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And maybe there are aspects\Nof our reality that are like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.20,0:01:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's try and find some;\Nwhy wouldn't we then investigate that?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.81,0:01:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, utopian visions,\Nthey are a bit like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.75,0:01:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe that's why I like them so much.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.93,0:01:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Utopian visions, they have\Nthis provocative novelty
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.02,0:01:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with respect to where we are now,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.94,0:01:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they make you think, well,\Nwhat if this could be possible,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.66,0:01:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then, why not, why wouldn't we try?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.22,0:01:44.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, who would have thought,\Nand definitely not me,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.65,0:01:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that now, years and years and years -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.43,0:01:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm talking about 30 years\Nafter these mathematics experiences -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.48,0:01:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the visionary thinking\Nand these utopian visions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.25,0:01:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are really the stuff I'm working with\Nevery day in the Commission.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.85,0:02:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, novel ideas, radical things,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.99,0:02:04.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a "wow-factor" to make you\Nfall off your chair;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.73,0:02:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the bread and butter\Nof my research.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.99,0:02:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not my research,\Nbut my work in the Commission.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.51,0:02:13.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done research as well before\Non wow-factors, but that's another thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.93,0:02:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, indeed in the Commission\Nwe received in that program
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.86,0:02:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was just mentioned, FET,\NFuture and Emerging Technologies,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.45,0:02:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I've worked there for 10–12 years now -
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.57,0:02:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we receive proposals\Nwith these crazy ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.79,0:02:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on average, two - three per day.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.05,0:02:39.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, in the ten years, I think, I can say\NI've seen a couple of thousands of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.50,0:02:43.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you imagine,\Na couple of thousand crazy ideas?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.24,0:02:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not all crazy, not all\Nequally breakthrough,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.27,0:02:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not all equally realistic,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.19,0:02:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but things that make you think,\Nthings where you say, "Wow!"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.26,0:02:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, don't ask me to name the individuals,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.31,0:02:58.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what sticks in the mind\Nis how it all fits together,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.90,0:03:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what are the big schemes that come out\Nof these different proposals.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.80,0:03:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, 500 years ago, every speaker\Nwill probably repeat this,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.02,0:03:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Utopia."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.91,0:03:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Thomas More wrote this,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.41,0:03:20.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there wasn't much of technology around,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.08,0:03:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it reminds me of something\Nthat I received this morning
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.55,0:03:28.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I have a suspicion - ah, indeed -
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.30,0:03:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thomas More sent his "Utopia"\Nas a proposal to my program.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.11,0:03:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's looking for money.\NHm, would we fund it?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.56,0:03:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's see. Let's have a look.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.25,0:03:43.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, my God, this doesn't look good.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.75,0:03:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No deliverables, no timeline,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.62,0:03:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resource table missing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.69,0:03:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.83,0:03:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,collaborative research among -\Nwhat is it? - three member states
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.01,0:03:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or associated countries,\Nthe third country is called "Utopia?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.95,0:04:01.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't find it in my databases,\Nit probably doesn't exist.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.35,0:04:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a hoax, no, this cannot be true.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.63,0:04:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, no, no way, we should not\Nfund this kind of stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.27,0:04:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, that's the cynical answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.48,0:04:12.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cynical answer in how you imagine\Nmaybe how we work.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.99,0:04:17.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if the question would be:\NShould this kind of work be funded,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.72,0:04:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are we funding it?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.48,0:04:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then my answer's definitely "Yes."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.68,0:04:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need more attention\Nto utopian thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.17,0:04:27.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other than the nitty-gritty kind\Nof innovation work
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.91,0:04:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we now do much too often\Nin our projects.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.73,0:04:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's really what the work of me
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.24,0:04:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the colleagues that I work\Nwith is all about:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.99,0:04:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come up with more of these visions.\N
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.54,0:04:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's incredibly important.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.84,0:04:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was already said in the introduction:\NToday, more than ever,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.66,0:04:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need alternatives\Nto the status-quo of our societies.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.66,0:04:53.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If not, we will be prone\Nto populist things,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.73,0:04:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will have only\Na few alternatives to think about,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.76,0:05:00.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will not inspire the young\Nto explore new directions, and so on.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.03,0:05:02.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it's extremely important to do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.42,0:05:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, when More\Nwrote his "Utopia,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.12,0:05:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he didn't have so much\Ntechnological elements,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.00,0:05:11.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he had to use the tools that he had.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.95,0:05:16.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the tools at that time, for him,\Nwere laws, institutions, social practices.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.88,0:05:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he described his Utopia in those terms.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.40,0:05:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today it's very different,\Nwe have mass technologies,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.29,0:05:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they are, to a large extent,\Nthe ways that shape our societies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.36,0:05:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to take that aspect now\Ncompletely on board,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.84,0:05:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and create completely new utopian visions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.03,0:05:40.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are both societal, and take\Nthose tools that More used,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.71,0:05:45.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that also take technologies\Nas a shaping power into account.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.83,0:05:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, they do.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.04,0:05:51.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, our current democracies\Nwouldn't work without printing,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.29,0:05:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without fast communication,\Nwithout transport, it simply doesn't fit.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.48,0:05:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when technologies change,\Nsocieties change,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.63,0:06:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then, the policies have to follow.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.60,0:06:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the moment that's what they do;\Nthey always scramble behind
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.57,0:06:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there is no anticipative thinking\Nof what the world might be like.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.65,0:06:13.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, thinking about these Utopias\Nin a constructive and proactive way
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.51,0:06:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is something that we dearly need.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.26,0:06:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the link between utopias\Nand technology is not new.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.97,0:06:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are many examples around.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.01,0:06:27.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the focus that we take\Nin the program that I work for:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.17,0:06:30.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are these utopian visions\Ninspired by technology
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.61,0:06:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are sometimes, and often, dystopian -\NBig Brother is a well-known example,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.12,0:06:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Thomas More would have been\Nmore than happy to incorporate
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.14,0:06:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Big Brother's visions into his Utopia,\Nbecause it fits perfectly.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.34,0:06:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he didn't have those things\Nat that time, so, that's one thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.36,0:06:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are some of these things?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.31,0:06:52.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are way behind now the age\Nof the machines,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.67,0:06:56.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are now in much more sophisticated\Nmachines, and the best known example,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.86,0:06:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is of course, is the computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.02,0:07:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I look at many of these ideas\Nthat we receive,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.52,0:07:07.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then there is an underlying assumption\Nthat comes in a few variations,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.73,0:07:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is really very important.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.53,0:07:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The button to reset your world comes\Nactually from Telecom Italia advertisement
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.74,0:07:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they had that in a newspaper.\N
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.48,0:07:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I saw that and, well,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.88,0:07:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the underlying assumption there is really,\Nthat the world is a kind of a computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.74,0:07:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can push a button and reset it\Nlike your laptop or anything else.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.88,0:07:32.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This comes in many variations:\Nthe world as a computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.69,0:07:34.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you think of the world as a computer
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.61,0:07:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without necessarily claiming\Nthat it is a computer?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.29,0:07:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is inspiring you by the word\N"computer" to study the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.63,0:07:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A bit more sophisticated\Nis the world in a computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.67,0:07:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many, many projects,\Nand project proposals for that matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.66,0:07:50.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we receive are about that;
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.36,0:07:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about every discipline\Nthat is currently studied in science
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.84,0:07:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has its computational variety:\Ncomputational biology,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.44,0:08:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computational economy,\Ncomputational "x", computational anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.41,0:08:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is all that you can do,\Nall those things are also in a computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.72,0:08:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the most fundamental one\Nis to claim that the world is a computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.89,0:08:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the true sense, namely\Nit's not a machine, but a computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.60,0:08:16.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the difference is that\Nthe computer is programmable,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.22,0:08:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a general programmable\Nmachine, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:08:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you take that then it means\Nthat you can program the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.93,0:08:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The world, this world, you can program it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.77,0:08:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we could understand how\Nwe would be able to create our future,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.25,0:08:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the only thing that this world\Nthat is a computer computes is the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.91,0:08:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every time, tik-tik-tik,\Nit computes its future.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.43,0:08:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you'd be able to program it,\Nyou could steer the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.78,0:08:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are underlying visions\Nthat we really see in our programme,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.54,0:08:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often made explicit in bits and pieces,\Nrarely on the whole made explicit.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.52,0:08:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's important\Nto capture them, I think.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.48,0:08:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another one is the NBIC-Convergence.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.34,0:09:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an old one: It's 15 years\Nor older, it comes from the US,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.20,0:09:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and much of Silicon Valley\Nstill strives on this kind of idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.16,0:09:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the idea that at the lowest level\Nof the building blocks -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.54,0:09:12.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of neurons, materials,\Nthinking and so on -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.99,0:09:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the things become interchangeable\Nif you do it right.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.47,0:09:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you could replace\Na human neuron by a chip,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.48,0:09:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assuming it has exactly the same\Nfunctionality, it will not matter to you.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.52,0:09:28.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, this interchangeability\Nbetween bits, atoms, neurons, genes -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.27,0:09:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,BANG, as we sometimes call it as well -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.76,0:09:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the underlying thing there.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.76,0:09:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lots of projects trying\Nto materialise that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.78,0:09:41.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it leads to things\Nthat are not only human repair,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.54,0:09:45.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what a lot of it is inspired for,\Nfor the medical care,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.70,0:09:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also human augmentation;\Nmaking people better.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.23,0:09:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an example of a project where\Nwe really managed to, not we,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.91,0:09:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but people really managed to put\Na bi-directional link with feeling
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.53,0:10:01.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unto a human prosthesis,\Na world-first that was done.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.67,0:10:04.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A bit more crazy and more recent\Nis this kind of thing:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.54,0:10:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hyper-interaction, connected brain,\Nread-write brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.96,0:10:10.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lots of projects that we now see
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.11,0:10:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are starting to look at how to get\Ninformation out of the brain,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.75,0:10:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's getting\Nmore or less easy, technologically.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.72,0:10:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Interpreting it remains difficult,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.49,0:10:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also how to get information\Ninto the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.75,0:10:22.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the vision that is behind that,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.53,0:10:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for instance, is direct brain-to-brain\Ncommunication; no censors, no wires,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.79,0:10:30.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no language, no whatever,\Nmaybe a cable or wireless,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.12,0:10:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my thinking goes into your heads.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.18,0:10:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't have to stand talking here,\Nyou already know what I'm going to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.83,0:10:39.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because - swoosh - our brains communicate.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.06,0:10:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is done in projects\Nwith the real results
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.91,0:10:46.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,published in very high-level journals,\Nso in all these things you see
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.25,0:10:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the co-evolution of the science,\Nthe technology, and the proof of concept:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.75,0:10:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making it work in a very simple way,\Nbut at least making the case
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.58,0:10:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it could work\Nin a very general sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.77,0:11:03.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that's the vision to show the ambition\Nof some of our projects.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.52,0:11:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Synthetic life: this is a project\Nthat is now over, project BION,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.06,0:11:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it was tried to build\Na synthetic snail.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.01,0:11:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I don't mean a simulated snail,\Nbut a real physical thing
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.84,0:11:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is made of polymers\Nand all kind of stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.15,0:11:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that behaves as a snail,\Nthat is really alive like a snail.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.08,0:11:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you can do a snail,\Nmaybe you can do other things,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.77,0:11:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe you can go on and on.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.27,0:11:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This idea of a synthetic life\N
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.94,0:11:32.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is fairly new in terms\Nof concrete results.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.22,0:11:35.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There have been things\Non small cells, and things like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.45,0:11:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but to do it on complex device,\Non complex beings
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.50,0:11:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is something that is fairly new.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.13,0:11:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Expanding from that,\Nand these are labels that I put there:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.40,0:11:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Hybrid nature, Gaia++,\Ninspired by plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.26,0:11:55.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are robots that behave like plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.73,0:11:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who would think of a plant as a robot?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.19,0:12:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these are actually moving, they find\Ntheir way, find water, and so on.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.65,0:12:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact, it turns out that there was\Na wave of projects, uncoordinated,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.76,0:12:12.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of people proposing ideas\Ninspired by plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.77,0:12:17.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plant biology became the discipline\Nthat suddenly popped-up in our projects.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.25,0:12:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Never seen before.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.86,0:12:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you see that there are things\Nin the world that happen
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.61,0:12:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then - pop - these visions,\Nthey crystallize.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.16,0:12:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, there are what I call\N"Les accidents de parcours,"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.32,0:12:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sometimes visions disappear,\Nthey merge, they do all kind of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.39,0:12:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not going to the details of this\Nbut you can analyse those things,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.12,0:12:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what we also do: You take visions\Nlike the disappearing computer,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.07,0:12:44.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 or more years old, that find\Ntheir ways in different variations
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.82,0:12:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that now lead to what is now called\Nthe Internet of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.99,0:12:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with certain twists, and certain things,\Nand combinations, and splits, and so on.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.13,0:12:57.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a very interesting work\Nthat has value in itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.40,0:13:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has value to come up with these visions\Nand to document them, to label them,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.03,0:13:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create languages to describe them.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.40,0:13:10.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because if you don't, if you just talk\Nabout the vision, you have no words
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.99,0:13:12.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe what those things mean.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.86,0:13:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even More had to invent all kinds\Nof words that didn't exist in English
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.74,0:13:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe what his vision was all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.52,0:13:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's a very interesting work,\Nit's provocative novelty,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.18,0:13:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deep interdisciplinarity; none of these\Nvisions comes from a single discipline,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.44,0:13:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think the Golden Age\Nof interdisciplinarity still has to come.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.64,0:13:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is, now the low-hanging fruit\Nof interdisciplinarity is gone:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.68,0:13:38.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a bit of inspiration here,\Nbits of biology there,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.39,0:13:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the real deep collaboration\Nthat's now going to happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.98,0:13:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, they are dynamic entities,\Nthey change, they can be adapted,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.57,0:13:48.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think, most important,\Nthey have sweeping implications -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.47,0:13:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's something we in Europe\Ncan learn something about.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.01,0:13:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you think about a company like Google:\NThere's a core technology
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.28,0:13:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then it's applied sweepingly\Nall over the place.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.31,0:14:01.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've called it "sweeping innovation."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.30,0:14:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not just applied there, or there,\Nor there -huh! - suddenly cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.88,0:14:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My God, why does Google\Nstart doing cars?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.90,0:14:08.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you think about it, it's obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.81,0:14:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do they do that, and why they do that?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.90,0:14:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a huge diversity of things\Nin which they invest,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.40,0:14:15.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the core technology is what they have.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.91,0:14:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this brings me\Nto my own Utopia, if you want.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.27,0:14:25.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My own Utopia is that there is a revival\Nof working on utopian visions,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.100,0:14:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like I and my colleagues do\Nwithin the European Commission
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.48,0:14:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in other places.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.54,0:14:34.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it's by doing those and putting\Nthe pieces of the puzzle together
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.78,0:14:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we see the hundreds, thousands\Nof ideas that we receive,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.33,0:14:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can crystalise\Nthese alternatives for today.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.49,0:14:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, the narrow pipeline\Nwhich innovation is today,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.52,0:14:50.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a little research result,\Nfor instance, leads to a product,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.50,0:14:55.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be replaced by a much wider,\Nthis wide arrow on the slide,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.30,0:14:59.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a much wider channel\Nthrough which these visions
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.20,0:15:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually feed the future society\Nalready today.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.89,0:15:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, these are really tools\Nto work and to create futures.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.92,0:15:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think that is my own dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.29,0:15:13.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's, I think, why I'm still\Nmotivated to work there.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.12,0:15:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to stop here, thank you,\Nbecause now I have to reply
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.02,0:15:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Thomas More and see\Nwhat he thinks about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.01,0:15:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)