[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.34,0:00:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is my grandfather.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.16,0:00:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is my son.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.51,0:00:08.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My grandfather taught me to work with wood
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.73,0:00:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I was a little boy,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.37,0:00:12.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he also taught me the idea that
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.37,0:00:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you cut down a tree\Nto turn it into something,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.28,0:00:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,honor that tree's life\Nand make it as beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.56,0:00:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you possibly can.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.71,0:00:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My little boy reminded me
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.22,0:00:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that for all the technology\Nand all the toys in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.10,0:00:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes just a small block of wood,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.49,0:00:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you stack it up tall,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.32,0:00:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually is an incredibly inspiring thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.40,0:00:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are my buildings.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.24,0:00:37.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I build all around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.96,0:00:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of our office\Nin Vancouver and New York.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.79,0:00:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we build buildings\Nof different sizes and styles
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.55,0:00:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and different materials,\Ndepending on where we are.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.58,0:00:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But wood is the material\Nthat I love the most,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.86,0:00:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to tell you\Nthe story about wood.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.82,0:00:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And part of the reason\NI love it is that every time
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.81,0:00:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people go into my buildings that are wood,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.11,0:00:56.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I notice they react\Ncompletely differently.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.85,0:00:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've never seen anybody walk\Ninto one of my buildings
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.40,0:01:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hug a steel or a concrete column,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.75,0:01:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I've actually seen\Nthat happen in a wood building.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.65,0:01:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've actually seen\Nhow people touch the wood,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.15,0:01:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think there's a reason for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.24,0:01:11.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just like snowflakes,\Nno two pieces of wood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.74,0:01:14.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can ever be the same anywhere on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.42,0:01:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a wonderful thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.32,0:01:18.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I like to think that wood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.86,0:01:22.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gives Mother Nature\Nfingerprints in our buildings.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.42,0:01:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's Mother\NNature's fingerprints that make
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.50,0:01:29.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our buildings connect us to nature\Nin the built environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.15,0:01:31.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I live in Vancouver, near a forest
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.21,0:01:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that grows to 33 stories tall.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.29,0:01:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Down the coast here\Nin California, the redwood forest
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.84,0:01:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grows to 40 stories tall.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.89,0:01:42.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the buildings\Nthat we think about in wood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.53,0:01:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are only four stories tall\Nin most places on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.64,0:01:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even building codes actually limit\Nthe ability for us to build
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.36,0:01:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much taller than four\Nstories in many places,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.74,0:01:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's true here in the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.76,0:01:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now there are exceptions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.59,0:01:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there needs to be some exceptions,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.14,0:01:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and things are going\Nto change, I'm hoping.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.21,0:02:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the reason I think that way is that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.19,0:02:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today half of us live in cities,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.31,0:02:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that number is going\Nto grow to 75 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.70,0:02:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cities and density mean that our buildings
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.78,0:02:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are going to continue to be big,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.23,0:02:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think there's a role\Nfor wood to play in cities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.05,0:02:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I feel that way\Nbecause three billion people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.20,0:02:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world today,\Nover the next 20 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.05,0:02:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will need a new home.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.57,0:02:26.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's 40 percent of the world\Nthat are going to need
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.12,0:02:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a new building built for them\Nin the next 20 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.20,0:02:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, one in three people\Nliving in cities today
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.78,0:02:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually live in a slum.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.63,0:02:36.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's one billion people\Nin the world live in slums.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.97,0:02:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A hundred million people\Nin the world are homeless.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.29,0:02:43.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The scale of the challenge for architects
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.88,0:02:45.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for society to deal with in building
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.02,0:02:50.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to find a solution\Nto house these people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.62,0:02:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the challenge is,\Nas we move to cities,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.10,0:02:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cities are built in these two materials,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.08,0:03:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,steel and concrete,\Nand they're great materials.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.33,0:03:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're the materials of the last century.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.43,0:03:04.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they're also materials\Nwith very high energy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.02,0:03:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very high greenhouse gas\Nemissions in their process.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.34,0:03:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Steel represents about three percent
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.62,0:03:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of man's greenhouse gas emissions,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.94,0:03:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and concrete is over five percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.54,0:03:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you think about that, eight percent
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.15,0:03:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our contribution\Nto greenhouse gases today
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.57,0:03:25.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes from those two materials alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.74,0:03:28.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't think about it\Na lot, and unfortunately,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.15,0:03:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we actually don't even think\Nabout buildings, I think,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.75,0:03:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as much as we should.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.95,0:03:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a U.S. statistic\Nabout the impact of greenhouse gases.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.57,0:03:38.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost half of our greenhouse gases\Nare related to the building industry,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.83,0:03:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if we look at energy,\Nit's the same story.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.12,0:03:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll notice that transportation's sort\Nof second down that list,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.29,0:03:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's the conversation\Nwe mostly hear about.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.98,0:03:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And although a lot\Nof that is about energy,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.54,0:03:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's also so much about carbon.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.42,0:03:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem I see is that, ultimately,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.41,0:03:58.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the clash of how we solve that problem
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.71,0:04:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of serving those three billion people\Nthat need a home,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.98,0:04:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and climate change,\Nare a head-on collision
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.45,0:04:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about to happen, or already happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.41,0:04:11.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That challenge means that we have\Nto start thinking in new ways,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.12,0:04:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think wood is going\Nto be part of that solution,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.71,0:04:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to tell\Nyou the story of why.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.30,0:04:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As an architect, wood\Nis the only material,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.71,0:04:20.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,big material, that I can build with
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.13,0:04:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's already grown\Nby the power of the sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.10,0:04:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When a tree grows in the forest\Nand gives off oxygen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.88,0:04:28.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and soaks up carbon dioxide,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.98,0:04:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it dies and it falls\Nto the forest floor,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.94,0:04:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it gives that carbon dioxide back\Nto the atmosphere or into the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.25,0:04:39.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it burns in a forest fire,\Nit's going to give that carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.22,0:04:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back to the atmosphere as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.65,0:04:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you take that wood\Nand you put it into a building
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.70,0:04:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or into a piece of furniture\Nor into that wooden toy,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.03,0:04:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it actually has an amazing capacity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.72,0:04:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to store the carbon and provide\Nus with a sequestration.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.88,0:04:57.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One cubic meter of wood will store
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.16,0:04:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one tonne of carbon dioxide.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.92,0:05:02.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now our two solutions\Nto climate are obviously
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.14,0:05:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reduce our emissions and find storage.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.67,0:05:07.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wood is the only major\Nmaterial building material
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.03,0:05:10.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can build with that actually\Ndoes both those two things.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.63,0:05:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I believe that we have
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.73,0:05:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an ethic that the Earth grows our food,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.28,0:05:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we need to move\Nto an ethic in this century
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.55,0:05:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Earth should grow our homes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.23,0:05:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, how are we going to do that
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.80,0:05:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we're urbanizing at this rate
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.09,0:05:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we think about wood\Nbuildings only at four stories?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.69,0:05:29.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to reduce the concrete\Nand steel and we need
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.19,0:05:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to grow bigger,\Nand what we've been working on
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.40,0:05:35.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is 30-story tall buildings made of wood.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.75,0:05:39.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been engineering\Nthem with an engineer
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.35,0:05:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,named Eric Karsh who works with me on it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.80,0:05:44.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we've been doing this new work because
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.11,0:05:46.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are new wood products\Nout there for us to use,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.66,0:05:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we call them mass timber panels.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.88,0:05:51.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are panels made with young trees,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.20,0:05:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,small growth trees, small pieces of wood
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.84,0:05:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glued together to make\Npanels that are enormous:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.36,0:06:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eight feet wide, 64 feet long,\Nand of various thicknesses.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.72,0:06:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The way I describe this\Nbest, I've found, is to say
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.86,0:06:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're all used\Nto two-by-four construction
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.12,0:06:08.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we think about wood.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.13,0:06:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what people jump\Nto as a conclusion.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.45,0:06:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two-by-four construction\Nis sort of like the little
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.32,0:06:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eight-dot bricks of Lego\Nthat we all played with as kids,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.06,0:06:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can make all kinds\Nof cool things out of Lego
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.100,0:06:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at that size, and out of two-by-fours.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.91,0:06:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But do remember when you were a kid,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.78,0:06:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you kind of sifted\Nthrough the pile in your basement,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.52,0:06:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you found that big\N24-dot brick of Lego,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.66,0:06:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you were kind of like,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.49,0:06:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Cool, this is awesome. I can\Nbuild something really big,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.64,0:06:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is going to be great."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.22,0:06:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the change.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.57,0:06:35.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mass timber panels\Nare those 24-dot bricks.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.51,0:06:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're changing the scale\Nof what we can do,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.21,0:06:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what we've developed\Nis something we call FFTT,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.89,0:06:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a Creative Commons solution
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.34,0:06:47.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to building a very flexible system
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.26,0:06:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of building with these large\Npanels where we tilt up
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.94,0:06:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,six stories at a time if we want to.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.80,0:06:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This animation shows you\Nhow the building goes together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.41,0:07:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a very simple way, but these\Nbuildings are available
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.97,0:07:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for architects and engineers\Nnow to build on
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.22,0:07:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for different cultures in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.96,0:07:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different architectural\Nstyles and characters.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.56,0:07:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order for us to build safely,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.37,0:07:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've engineered these\Nbuildings, actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.57,0:07:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to work in a Vancouver context,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.29,0:07:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we're a high seismic zone,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.83,0:07:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even at 30 stories tall.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.00,0:07:20.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now obviously, every time I bring this up,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.93,0:07:22.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people even, you know, here\Nat the conference, say,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.89,0:07:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Are you serious? Thirty stories?\NHow's that going to happen?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.87,0:07:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there's a lot of really\Ngood questions that are asked
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.28,0:07:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and important questions\Nthat we spent quite a long time
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.08,0:07:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working on the answers\Nto as we put together
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.46,0:07:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our report and the peer reviewed report.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.03,0:07:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just going to focus on a few of them,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.62,0:07:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let's start with fire,\Nbecause I think fire
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.13,0:07:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is probably the first one that you're\Nall thinking about right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.34,0:07:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fair enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.94,0:07:44.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the way I describe it is this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.64,0:07:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I asked you to take\Na match and light it
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.83,0:07:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hold up a log and try\Nto get that log to go on fire,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.82,0:07:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it doesn't happen, right?\NWe all know that.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.62,0:07:55.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to build a fire, you kind\Nof start with small pieces
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.39,0:07:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of wood and you work your way up,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.99,0:07:59.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and eventually you can\Nadd the log to the fire,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.64,0:08:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you do add the log\Nto the fire, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.09,0:08:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it burns, but it burns slowly.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.62,0:08:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, mass timber panels,\Nthese new products
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.74,0:08:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're using, are much like the log.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.99,0:08:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's hard to start them\Non fire, and when they do,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.68,0:08:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they actually burn\Nextraordinarily predictably,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.30,0:08:16.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we can use fire science\Nin order to predict
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.65,0:08:18.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and make these buildings\Nas safe as concrete
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.77,0:08:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as safe as steel.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.36,0:08:24.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next big issue, deforestation.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.12,0:08:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eighteen percent of our contribution
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.60,0:08:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.68,0:08:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the result of deforestation.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.18,0:08:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The last thing we want\Nto do is cut down trees.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.62,0:08:37.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, the last thing we want to do\Nis cut down the wrong trees.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.82,0:08:40.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are models for sustainable forestry
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.76,0:08:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that allow us to cut trees properly,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.93,0:08:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those are the only trees appropriate
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.86,0:08:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to use for these kinds of systems.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.58,0:08:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I actually think that these ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.71,0:08:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will change the economics\Nof deforestation.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.29,0:08:54.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In countries with deforestation issues,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.39,0:08:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to find a way to provide
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.88,0:08:59.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better value for the forest
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.34,0:09:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually encourage\Npeople to make money
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.72,0:09:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through very fast growth cycles --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.60,0:09:06.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10-, 12-, 15-year-old trees\Nthat make these products
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.57,0:09:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allow us to build at this scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.97,0:09:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've calculated a 20-story building:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.17,0:09:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll grow enough wood in North\NAmerica every 13 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.46,0:09:16.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's how much it takes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.90,0:09:19.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The carbon story here\Nis a really good one.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.67,0:09:23.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we built a 20-story building\Nout of cement and concrete,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.27,0:09:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the process would result\Nin the manufacturing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.75,0:09:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that cement and 1,200\Ntonnes of carbon dioxide.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.71,0:09:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we did it in wood, in this solution,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.02,0:09:33.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'd sequester about 3,100 tonnes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.92,0:09:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a net difference of 4,300 tonnes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.62,0:09:39.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the equivalent of about 900 cars
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.30,0:09:42.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,removed from the road in one year.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.03,0:09:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think back to that three billion people
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.92,0:09:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that need a new home,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.15,0:09:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe this\Nis a contributor to reducing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.23,0:09:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're at the beginning\Nof a revolution, I hope,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.91,0:09:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way we build, because this\Nis the first new way
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.50,0:09:57.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to build a skyscraper\Nin probably 100 years or more.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.93,0:10:00.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the challenge is changing\Nsociety's perception
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.46,0:10:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of possibility, and it's a huge challenge.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.48,0:10:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The engineering is, truthfully,\Nthe easy part of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.99,0:10:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the way I describe it is this.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.00,0:10:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first skyscraper, technically --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.16,0:10:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the definition of a skyscraper is 10\Nstories tall, believe it or not —
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.72,0:10:15.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the first skyscraper\Nwas this one in Chicago,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.07,0:10:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people were terrified to walk\Nunderneath this building.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.03,0:10:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But only four years after it was built,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.97,0:10:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gustave Eiffel was building\Nthe Eiffel Tower,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.59,0:10:24.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as he built the Eiffel Tower,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.19,0:10:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he changed the skylines\Nof the cities of the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.80,0:10:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changed and created a competition
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.87,0:10:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between places like New\NYork City and Chicago,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.08,0:10:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where developers started building\Nbigger and bigger buildings
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.01,0:10:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pushing the envelope\Nup higher and higher
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.29,0:10:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with better and better engineering.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.39,0:10:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We built this model in New York, actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.43,0:10:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a theoretical model on the campus
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.22,0:10:49.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a technical university soon to come,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.56,0:10:51.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reason we picked this site
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.41,0:10:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to just show you what these\Nbuildings may look like,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.15,0:10:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the exterior can change.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.94,0:10:58.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really just the structure\Nthat we're talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.67,0:11:01.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason we picked it is because this\Nis a technical university,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.84,0:11:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I believe that wood is the most
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.68,0:11:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technologically advanced\Nmaterial I can build with.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.32,0:11:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It just happens to be that Mother\NNature holds the patent,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.12,0:11:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we don't really feel\Ncomfortable with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.81,0:11:14.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's the way it should be,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.66,0:11:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nature's fingerprints\Nin the built environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.45,0:11:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm looking for this opportunity
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.37,0:11:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create an Eiffel Tower\Nmoment, we call it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.56,0:11:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buildings are starting\Nto go up around the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.60,0:11:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a building in London\Nthat's nine stories,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.48,0:11:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a new building that just\Nfinished in Australia
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.86,0:11:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I believe is 10 or 11.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.82,0:11:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're starting to push the height\Nup of these wood buildings,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.37,0:11:37.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're hoping, and I'm hoping,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.17,0:11:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that my hometown of Vancouver\Nactually potentially
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.18,0:11:42.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,announces the world's tallest\Nat around 20 stories
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.86,0:11:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the not-so-distant future.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.54,0:11:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That Eiffel Tower moment\Nwill break the ceiling,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.27,0:11:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these arbitrary ceilings of height,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.96,0:11:52.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allow wood buildings\Nto join the competition.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.65,0:11:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I believe the race is ultimately on.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.62,0:11:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.07,0:12:01.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)