[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.28,0:00:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the first patients\NI had to see as a pediatrician was Sol,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.37,0:00:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a beautiful month-old baby
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.15,0:00:11.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was admitted with signs\Nof a severe respiratory infection.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.83,0:00:16.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Until then, I had never seen\Na patient worsen so fast.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.81,0:00:19.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In just two days\Nshe was connected to a respirator
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.81,0:00:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on the third day she died.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.55,0:00:25.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sol had whooping cough.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.30,0:00:30.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After discussing the case in the room\Nand after a quite distressing catharsis,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.46,0:00:32.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember my chief resident said to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.51,0:00:35.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Okay, take a deep breath. Wash your face.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.43,0:00:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now comes the hardest part:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.05,0:00:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to go talk to her parents."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.15,0:00:46.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, a thousand questions\Ncame to mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.12,0:00:50.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from, "How could a one-month-old\Nbaby be so unfortunate?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.20,0:00:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to, "Could we have done\Nsomething about it?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.40,0:00:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before vaccines existed,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.68,0:01:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many infectious diseases\Nkilled millions of people per year.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.10,0:01:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the 1918 flu pandemic
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.63,0:01:09.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,50 million people died.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.78,0:01:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's greater than Argentina's\Ncurrent population.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.06,0:01:17.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps, the older ones among you\Nremember the polio epidemic
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.11,0:01:20.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that occurred in Argentina in 1956.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.24,0:01:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, there was no vaccine\Navailable against polio.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.56,0:01:26.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People didn't know what to do.\NThey were going crazy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.09,0:01:28.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They would go painting trees\Nwith caustic lime.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.37,0:01:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They'd put little bags of camphor
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.94,0:01:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their children's underwear,\Nas if that could do something.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.08,0:01:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the polio epidemic,\Nthousands of people died.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.60,0:01:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And thousands of people were left\Nwith very significant neurological damage.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.65,0:01:47.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know this because I read about it,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.29,0:01:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because thanks to vaccines,\Nmy generation was lucky
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.08,0:01:53.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to not live through an epidemic\Nas terrible as this.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.89,0:01:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vaccines are one of the great successes\Nof the 20th century's public health.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.21,0:02:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After potable water,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.23,0:02:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are the interventions\Nthat have most reduced mortality,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.84,0:02:06.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even more than antibiotics.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.57,0:02:12.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vaccines eradicated terrible diseases\Nsuch as smallpox from the planet
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.59,0:02:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and succeeded in significantly\Nreducing mortality
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.20,0:02:18.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,due to other diseases such as measles,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.45,0:02:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whooping cough, polio and many more.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.32,0:02:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All these diseases are considered\Nvaccine-preventable diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.91,0:02:31.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does this mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.67,0:02:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That they are potentially preventable,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.69,0:02:37.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in order to be so,\Nsomething must be done.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.66,0:02:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You need to get vaccinated.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.27,0:02:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I imagine that most,\Nif not all of us here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.97,0:02:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,received a vaccine\Nat some point in our life.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.51,0:02:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'm not so sure that many of us know
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.96,0:02:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which vaccines or boosters\Nwe should receive after adolescence.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.71,0:03:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you ever wondered\Nwho we are protecting
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.79,0:03:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we vaccinate?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.07,0:03:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do I mean by that?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.70,0:03:11.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there any other effect\Nbeyond protecting ourselves?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.05,0:03:15.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me show you something.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.76,0:03:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine for a moment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.22,0:03:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we are in a city
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.23,0:03:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has never had a case\Nof a particular disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.48,0:03:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as the measles.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.43,0:03:30.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This would mean that no one in the city\Nhas ever had contact with the disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.29,0:03:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one has natural defenses against,\Nnor been vaccinated against measles.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.68,0:03:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If one day, a person sick with the measles\Nappears in this city
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.00,0:03:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the disease won't find much resistance
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.51,0:03:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and will begin spreading\Nfrom person to person,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.44,0:03:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in no time it will disseminate\Nthroughout the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.81,0:03:53.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After a certain time
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.53,0:03:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a big part of the population will be ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.75,0:04:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This happened when there were no vaccines.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.63,0:04:07.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, imagine the complete opposite case.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.42,0:04:09.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are in a city
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.83,0:04:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where more than 90 percent\Nof the population
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.65,0:04:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has defenses against\Nthe measles, which means
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.10,0:04:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they either had the disease,\Nsurvived, and developed natural defenses;
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.84,0:04:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that they had been\Nimmunized against measles.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.20,0:04:24.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If one day,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.81,0:04:28.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a person sick with the measles\Nappears in this city,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.23,0:04:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the disease will find much more resistance
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.61,0:04:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and won't be transmitted\Nthat much from person to person.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.78,0:04:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The spread will probably remain contained
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.75,0:04:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a measles outbreak won't happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.06,0:04:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would like you\Nto pay attention to something.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.81,0:04:51.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who are vaccinated
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.49,0:04:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not only protecting themselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.29,0:04:57.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by blocking the dissemination\Nof the disease
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.90,0:04:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the community,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.54,0:05:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are indirectly protecting\Nthe people in this community
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.22,0:05:06.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are not vaccinated.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.69,0:05:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They create a kind of protective shield
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.66,0:05:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which prevents them from\Ncoming in contact with the disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.76,0:05:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that these people are protected.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.67,0:05:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This indirect protection
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.87,0:05:23.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the unvaccinated people\Nwithin a community receive
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.37,0:05:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply by being surrounded\Nby vaccinated people,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.95,0:05:31.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is called herd immunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.13,0:05:35.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many people in the community
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.59,0:05:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,depend almost exclusively\Non this herd immunity
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.09,0:05:41.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be protected against disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.76,0:05:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The unvaccinated people you see\Nin infographics are not just hypothetical.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.26,0:05:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those people are our nieces\Nand nephews, our children,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.60,0:05:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who may be too young\Nto receive their first shots.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.10,0:05:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are our parents, our siblings,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.41,0:05:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our acquaintances,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.84,0:06:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who may have a disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.71,0:06:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or take medication\Nthat lowers their defenses.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.01,0:06:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are also people who are\Nallergic to a particular vaccine.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.35,0:06:13.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They could even be among us,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.75,0:06:15.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any of us who got vaccinated,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.61,0:06:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the vaccine didn't produce\Nthe expected effect,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.41,0:06:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because not all vaccines\Nare always 100 percent effective.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.60,0:06:28.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All these people depend\Nalmost exclusively on herd immunity
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.80,0:06:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be protected against diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.39,0:06:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To achieve this effect of herd immunity,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.20,0:06:41.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is necessary that a large percentage\Nof the population be vaccinated.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.50,0:06:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This percentage is called the threshold.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.57,0:06:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The threshold depends on many variables:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.33,0:06:51.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It depends on the germ's characteristics,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.74,0:06:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those of the immune response\Nthat the vaccine generates.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.04,0:06:58.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they all have something in common.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.43,0:07:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the percentage of the population\Nin a vaccinated community
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.98,0:07:07.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is below this threshold number,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.05,0:07:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the disease will begin\Nto spread more freely
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.11,0:07:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and may generate an outbreak\Nof this disease within the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.78,0:07:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even diseases which were \Nat some point controlled may reappear.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.55,0:07:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not just a theory.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.74,0:07:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has happened,\Nand is still happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.05,0:07:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1998, a British researcher\Npublished an article
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.75,0:07:38.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in one of the most important\Nmedical journals,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.53,0:07:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying that the MMR vaccine,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.15,0:07:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is given for measles,\Nmumps and rubella,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.88,0:07:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was associated with autism.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.75,0:07:48.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This generated an immediate impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.01,0:07:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People began to stop getting vaccinated,\Nand stopped vaccinating their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.68,0:07:55.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what happened?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.30,0:07:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The number of people vaccinated,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.98,0:08:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in many communities around the world,\Nfell below this threshold.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.96,0:08:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there were outbreaks of measles\Nin many cities in the world --
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.52,0:08:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the U.S., in Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.96,0:08:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many people got sick.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.12,0:08:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People died of measles.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.87,0:08:15.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happened?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.35,0:08:19.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This article also generated a huge stir\Nwithin the medical community.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.02,0:08:23.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dozens of researchers began to assess\Nif this was actually true.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.13,0:08:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only could no one find
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.42,0:08:33.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a causal association between MMR\Nand autism at the population level,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.67,0:08:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was also found that this article\Nhad incorrect claims.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.82,0:08:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even more, it was fraudulent.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.12,0:08:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was fraudulent.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.12,0:08:51.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, the journal publicly retracted\Nthe article in 2010.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.88,0:08:56.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the main concerns and excuses\Nfor not getting vaccinated
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.78,0:08:58.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the adverse effects.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.77,0:09:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vaccines, like other drugs,\Ncan have potential adverse effects.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.97,0:09:08.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most are mild and temporary.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.48,0:09:14.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the benefits are always greater\Nthan possible complications.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.74,0:09:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we are ill,\Nwe want to heal fast.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.30,0:09:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of us who are here
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.42,0:09:26.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take antibiotics\Nwhen we have an infection,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.09,0:09:29.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we take anti-hypertensives\Nwhen we have high blood pressure,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.27,0:09:31.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we take cardiac medications.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.45,0:09:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why? Because we are sick\Nand we want to heal fast.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.70,0:09:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we don't question it much.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.72,0:09:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is it so difficult\Nto think of preventing diseases,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.89,0:09:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by taking care of ourselves\Nwhen we are healthy?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.10,0:09:48.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We take care of ourselves a lot\Nwhen affected by an illness,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.29,0:09:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in situations of imminent danger.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.14,0:09:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I imagine most of us here,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.81,0:09:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember the influenza-A pandemic
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.54,0:10:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which broke out in 2009\Nin Argentina and worldwide.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.49,0:10:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the first cases\Nbegan to come to light,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.52,0:10:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we, here in Argentina,\Nwere entering the winter season.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.91,0:10:12.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We knew absolutely nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.12,0:10:13.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything was a mess.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.53,0:10:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People wore masks on the street,\Nran into pharmacies to buy alcohol gel.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.90,0:10:22.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People would line up\Nin pharmacies to get a vaccine,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.25,0:10:24.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without even knowing\Nif it was the right vaccine
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.81,0:10:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would protect them\Nagainst this new virus.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.35,0:10:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We knew absolutely nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.65,0:10:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, in addition to doing\Nmy fellowship at the Infant Foundation,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.74,0:10:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I worked as a home pediatrician\Nfor a prepaid medicine company.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.67,0:10:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember that I started\Nmy shift at 8 a.m.,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.91,0:10:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by 8, I already had a list\Nof 50 scheduled visits.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.06,0:10:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was chaos;\Npeople didn't know what to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.86,0:10:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember the types of patients\Nthat I was examining.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.69,0:11:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The patients were a little older than\Nwhat we were used to seeing in winter,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.05,0:11:02.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with longer fevers.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.39,0:11:06.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I mentioned that\Nto my fellowship mentor,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.07,0:11:09.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he, for his part, had heard\Nthe same from a colleague,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.59,0:11:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the large number\Nof pregnant women
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.32,0:11:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and young adults
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.01,0:11:16.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being hospitalized in intensive care,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.25,0:11:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with hard-to-manage clinical profiles.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.76,0:11:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, we set out to understand\Nwhat was happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.30,0:11:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First thing Monday morning,\Nwe took the car
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.42,0:11:33.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and went to a hospital\Nin Buenos Aires Province,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.35,0:11:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that served as a referral hospital\Nfor cases of the new influenza virus.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.02,0:11:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We arrived at the hospital;\Nit was crowded.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.55,0:11:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All health staff were dressed\Nin NASA-like bio-safety suits.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.47,0:11:47.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all had face masks in our pockets.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.67,0:11:50.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I, being a hypochondriac,\Ndidn't breathe for two hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.40,0:11:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we could see what was happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.52,0:11:57.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Immediately, we started\Nreaching out to pediatricians
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.21,0:12:01.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from six hospitals in the city\Nand in Buenos Aires Province.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.44,0:12:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our main goal was to find out
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.77,0:12:08.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how this new virus behaved\Nin contact with our children,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.66,0:12:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the shortest time possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.24,0:12:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A marathon work.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.20,0:12:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In less than three months,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.07,0:12:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could see what effect\Nthis new H1N1 virus had
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.16,0:12:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the 251 children\Nhospitalized by this virus.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.52,0:12:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We could see which children\Ngot more seriously ill:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.50,0:12:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,children under four, especially those\Nless than one year old;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.12,0:12:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,patients with neurological diseases;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.92,0:12:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and young children\Nwith chronic pulmonary diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.21,0:12:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Identifying these at-risk groups\Nwas important
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.02,0:12:50.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to include them as priority groups
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.73,0:12:53.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the recommendations\Nfor getting the influenza vaccine,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.73,0:12:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not only here in Argentina,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.59,0:12:59.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also in other countries\Nwhich the pandemic not yet reached.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.75,0:13:02.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A year later,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.43,0:13:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a vaccine against the pandemic\NH1N1 virus became available,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.52,0:13:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we wanted to see what happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.24,0:13:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After a huge vaccination campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.41,0:13:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aimed at protecting at-risk groups,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.18,0:13:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these hospitals, with 93 percent\Nof the at-risk groups vaccinated,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.14,0:13:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had not hospitalized a single patient
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.77,0:13:31.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the pandemic H1N1 virus.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.45,0:13:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.92,0:13:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2009: 251.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.49,0:13:44.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2010: zero.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.44,0:13:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vaccination is an act\Nof individual responsibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.22,0:13:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it has a huge collective impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.79,0:13:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I get vaccinated,\Nnot only am I protecting myself,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.42,0:14:02.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I am also protecting others.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.52,0:14:05.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sol had whooping cough.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.50,0:14:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sol was very young,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.70,0:14:14.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she hadn't yet received\Nher first vaccine against whooping cough.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.16,0:14:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I still wonder what would have happened
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.96,0:14:24.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if everyone around Sol\Nhad been vaccinated.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.74,0:14:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)