[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.28,0:00:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll talk a little bit about
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.51,0:00:08.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.98,0:00:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we can try to do some
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.42,0:00:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afterwards together.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.00,0:00:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I think the most important thing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.58,0:00:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to realise about meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.46,0:00:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it's supposed to be
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.75,0:00:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a positive experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.71,0:00:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right?!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.54,0:00:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This may seem obvious,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.24,0:00:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because why else would you want to do it
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.15,0:00:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if it isn't a positive experience?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.73,0:00:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It {\i1}may{\i0} seem obvious,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.78,0:00:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as a matter of fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.10,0:00:34.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of people don't experience
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.91,0:00:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation as a positive experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.39,0:00:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you start to read
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.52,0:00:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the word of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.20,0:00:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you start to see how he explains
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.31,0:00:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you might call
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.11,0:00:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the psychology of meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.07,0:00:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how meditation is supposed to be
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.83,0:00:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experienced by yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.42,0:00:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,personally
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.68,0:00:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you start to realize
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.94,0:00:54.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the {\i1}incredible{\i0} emphasis
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.73,0:00:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddha has on this thing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.82,0:00:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is called the positive experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.31,0:01:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll probably have a look at
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.34,0:01:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of those suttas later on.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.42,0:01:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But basically, one of those suttas
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.64,0:01:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which talks about the psychology
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.19,0:01:06.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.55,0:01:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you read it,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.36,0:01:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it starts off with:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.35,0:01:08.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.83,0:01:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are a virtuous person,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.36,0:01:12.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the foundation of all meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.59,0:01:13.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to practice virtue.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.84,0:01:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things that unfortunately
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.45,0:01:17.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is forgotten around the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.25,0:01:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people talk about mindfulness
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.10,0:01:21.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they forget about the virtue aspect.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.33,0:01:22.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Virtue means both being kind
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.71,0:01:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and avoid doing bad things.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.29,0:01:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the foundation,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.29,0:01:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so once you have that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.47,0:01:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can start your meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.74,0:01:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, from that virtue,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.46,0:01:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddha starts to explain
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.04,0:01:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from virtue you have non-regret,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.81,0:01:37.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.34,0:01:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Non-regret is obviously
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.37,0:01:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a positive experience already.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.34,0:01:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From non-regret you get gladness.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.15,0:01:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From gladness you get rapture, {\i1}pīti{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.64,0:01:47.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From {\i1}pīti{\i0} you get calm,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.27,0:01:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calm of the mind and the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.36,0:01:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From calm comes even more happiness.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.04,0:01:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gladness, rapture, happiness, calm,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.04,0:01:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then from that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.04,0:01:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes what is called {\i1}samādhi{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.74,0:02:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the unification of the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.98,0:02:03.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the mind goes into a profound
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.93,0:02:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,state of meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.32,0:02:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you can see there,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.24,0:02:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the very important facts about this
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.75,0:02:14.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that meditation is {\i1}all about happiness{\i0}!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.31,0:02:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost every word the Buddha uses there
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.92,0:02:18.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on how were supposed to experience it
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.42,0:02:21.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one type of happiness after the other
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.59,0:02:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arising through
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.98,0:02:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the right practice of meditation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.02,0:02:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So make sure that when you are here
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.07,0:02:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't do things which causes you
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.28,0:02:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to feel ill at ease,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.63,0:02:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not relaxed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.64,0:02:33.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which created too much pain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.62,0:02:35.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all these kind of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.22,0:02:36.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because if you do that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.37,0:02:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's no way you're going to be able
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.73,0:02:39.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to access those positive states
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.77,0:02:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Buddha is talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.88,0:02:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is so important,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.96,0:02:44.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, your know,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.17,0:02:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it sort of seems obvious,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.88,0:02:49.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I think human psychology
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.21,0:02:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often gets in the way,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.87,0:02:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human psychology blocks you
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.00,0:02:54.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from seeing that.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.62,0:02:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.95,0:02:57.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for this reason
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.23,0:02:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the very first thing I want to talk about
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.42,0:03:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in regards to meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.23,0:03:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what to do with the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.85,0:03:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The physical body is really the first thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.90,0:03:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you need to know
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.30,0:03:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how to deal
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.08,0:03:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the physical body
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.30,0:03:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is for the body to be comfortable,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.00,0:03:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to sit with too much pain
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.90,0:03:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these kinds of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.71,0:03:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For this reason we have
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.99,0:03:20.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these great chairs at the back.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.57,0:03:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't feel shy about using the chairs.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.69,0:03:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know this is not competing
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.16,0:03:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with anyone else, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.30,0:03:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do what you need to do to make
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.40,0:03:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure your own practice makes progress;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.50,0:03:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what it's all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.92,0:03:34.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's no competition here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.11,0:03:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't matter what everyone else does,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.82,0:03:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forget about everybody else.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.32,0:03:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do what you need to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.99,0:03:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's wonderful
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.24,0:03:42.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more and more these days
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.29,0:03:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you go on meditation retreats
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.60,0:03:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see that chairs are coming out.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.72,0:03:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's natural.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.68,0:03:48.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of us have grown up
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.22,0:03:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a society,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.84,0:03:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.46,0:03:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we sit on chairs all the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.88,0:03:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you've grown up
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.07,0:03:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting on a chair all the time
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.65,0:03:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and suddenly
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.32,0:03:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're told to sit on the floor
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.66,0:04:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it actually can be very difficult.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.94,0:04:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So please don't be shy about
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.02,0:04:02.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using the chairs.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.87,0:04:04.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much better to be a little bit
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.90,0:04:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more comfortable,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.32,0:04:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extra comfortable
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.50,0:04:09.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than to be a little bit on the pain side
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.78,0:04:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while you're sitting.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.00,0:04:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is much better, so please
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.92,0:04:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,use that and please do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.64,0:04:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's so many horror stories
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.07,0:04:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I've heard over the years of people
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.77,0:04:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who don't get this kind of very basic thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.60,0:04:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of those stories
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.40,0:04:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I was in Singapore
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.00,0:04:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a few years ago...
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.06,0:04:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things as a monk,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.76,0:04:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you travel a lot
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.74,0:04:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it may seem strange
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.42,0:04:31.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you actually travel a lot
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.35,0:04:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there's so much demand
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.89,0:04:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for English speaking monks everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.96,0:04:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,English speaking monks
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.86,0:04:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are very few and far between
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.18,0:04:39.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you get ferried around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.17,0:04:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by plane everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.94,0:04:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to talk to people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.21,0:04:43.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very nice,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.19,0:04:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a very nice thing to do to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.52,0:04:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be able to give that kind of service.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.18,0:04:47.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it means that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.29,0:04:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes you're in Singapore,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.55,0:04:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you're in Singapore,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.02,0:04:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, you meet Buddhist people,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.04,0:04:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just like here,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.95,0:04:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just like everywhere else.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.44,0:04:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was staying in the apartment of this man.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.57,0:04:59.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was from Kuala Lumpur originally,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.05,0:05:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he was working in Singapore
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.81,0:05:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was travelling back and forth
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.96,0:05:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very kindly offered me
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.76,0:05:06.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to stay in his apartment.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.11,0:05:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then one day while I was there
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.37,0:05:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he comes to me and says
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.67,0:05:11.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Bhante, I have a question for you,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.42,0:05:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have you got a few minutes."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.92,0:05:14.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course I'm staying in his apartment
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.51,0:05:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so of course I have a few minutes for him
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.76,0:05:18.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he says to me that,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.100,0:05:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"a few years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.62,0:05:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was on this meditation retreat
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.60,0:05:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.34,0:05:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was the worst experience
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.14,0:05:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of my {\i1}entire{\i0} life.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.10,0:05:28.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was {\i1}terrible{\i0}!
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.79,0:05:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was in pain all the way through,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.18,0:05:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt so
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.78,0:05:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}tense{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.70,0:05:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so non-relaxed
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.92,0:05:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so completely ill at ease
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.42,0:05:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for nine days.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.06,0:05:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Never, ever in my entire life do I ever
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.78,0:05:43.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to go on meditation retreat again."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.69,0:05:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "ooh!
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.39,0:05:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wait a minute,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.22,0:05:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're talking it too far.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.96,0:05:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just because you had one bad experience
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.87,0:05:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't mean you should never
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.14,0:05:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever go on meditation retreat again.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.82,0:05:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Retreats are different.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.27,0:05:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are different types of teachers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.05,0:05:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that teach in different ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.63,0:06:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can't just assume
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.27,0:06:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everything is the same,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.58,0:06:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everything is so bad."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.61,0:06:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he insisted that, {\i1}no{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.10,0:06:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he never ever wanted to meditate again
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.54,0:06:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the experience had been
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.38,0:06:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so terrible, was the worst thing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.28,0:06:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he'd ever done in his life.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.32,0:06:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't really persuade him
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.96,0:06:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he asked me, "what should I do,"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.07,0:06:15.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I don't know
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.99,0:06:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what he should do in that case.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.95,0:06:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, essentially he was turned off for life
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.36,0:06:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in regards to meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.52,0:06:26.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a very unfortunate thing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.35,0:06:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the idea with meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.39,0:06:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea with the spiritual path
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.16,0:06:31.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that is something
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.89,0:06:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which develops over time.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.24,0:06:35.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you keep practising these things,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.81,0:06:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you keep doing things
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.98,0:06:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially in the right way,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.86,0:06:42.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you understand what morality is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.11,0:06:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the Buddhist path
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.89,0:06:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you practice that in the right way
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.48,0:06:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you combine that with
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.53,0:06:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making the mind peaceful and calm
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.16,0:06:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then these things together are
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.95,0:06:52.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incredibly powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.05,0:06:54.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The longer you do it
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.21,0:06:56.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's a gradual transformation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.39,0:06:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of your entire character,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.08,0:06:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of your entire person
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.54,0:07:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, essentially, you are creating
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.96,0:07:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a new personality for yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.50,0:07:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you go through this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.86,0:07:06.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the effect really is most powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.100,0:07:08.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you keep on doing it,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.50,0:07:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,month after month,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.12,0:07:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year after year,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.59,0:07:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the results become very powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.05,0:07:13.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a while.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.72,0:07:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So please make sure that you do this
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.72,0:07:18.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in such a way that it encourages you
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.05,0:07:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep on doing it also in the future
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.92,0:07:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you feel encouraged to do it
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.27,0:07:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also in the future
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.16,0:07:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the long term benefits
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.48,0:07:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be incredibly powerful for you,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.63,0:07:28.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and something very beneficial
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.65,0:07:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will come out of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.23,0:07:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So don't do what this man in Singapore did.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.91,0:07:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was maybe an extreme example,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.86,0:07:37.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this is what happens sometimes
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.69,0:07:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to people.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.79,0:07:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know that there are certain types
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.21,0:07:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of meditation retreat where only a very
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.43,0:07:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,small fraction of the people
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.04,0:07:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come back to those retreats
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.99,0:07:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,precisely because of the amount of pain
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.93,0:07:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and problems and tensions that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.21,0:07:52.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people experience as a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.45,0:07:54.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consequence of that practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.96,0:07:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the first step,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.11,0:07:59.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allow the body to be relaxed.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.78,0:08:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So please use the chairs.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.62,0:08:03.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another way, if you want to sit cross-legged,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.79,0:08:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's nice to sit sometimes
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.08,0:08:06.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the wall.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.34,0:08:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sit with your back against the wall.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.35,0:08:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes when you sit with your back
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.77,0:08:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaning against something,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.78,0:08:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can relax a little bit better;
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.21,0:08:13.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's a nice way of doing it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.47,0:08:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, especially at the beginning
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.92,0:08:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of any retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.18,0:08:19.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know what you
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.51,0:08:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been doing today,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.60,0:08:21.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of you have probably been working,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.100,0:08:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're probably tired.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.80,0:08:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you're tired and have been working,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.47,0:08:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually you need to relax first of all.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.66,0:08:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A good way to relax
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.78,0:08:30.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is just to lean back.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.91,0:08:33.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of the best meditaters I know
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.87,0:08:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they always do like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.02,0:08:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they lean back, they relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.54,0:08:38.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of you would know Ajahn Brahm,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.26,0:08:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. Tan you would know Ajahn Brahm,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.78,0:08:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Ajahn Brahm tells me that
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.53,0:08:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he starts out meditating
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.94,0:08:45.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he always leans back.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.84,0:08:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not always,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.67,0:08:48.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when he is tired
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.63,0:08:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or has been working hard
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.90,0:08:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he always starts off by sitting back
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.01,0:08:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and leaning again the wall.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.28,0:08:54.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if Ajahn Brahm does that
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.94,0:08:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.94,0:08:56.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ajahn Brahm is just about
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.51,0:08:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the best meditaters around
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.22,0:09:00.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he gets into these incredibly profound
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.87,0:09:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditations, so if he can do that
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.12,0:09:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anybody can do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.76,0:09:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is about relaxing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.73,0:09:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about knowing what you need,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.35,0:09:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understanding that you need
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.26,0:09:09.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to relax first of all.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.78,0:09:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sit back, lean back against the wall
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.89,0:09:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.39,0:09:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another monk I know,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.44,0:09:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a good friend of mine,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.69,0:09:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says that {\i1}every{\i0} time he meditates
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.25,0:09:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every time he meditates
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.42,0:09:21.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he starts off with nodding.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.82,0:09:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He nods for about 10 or 15 minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.93,0:09:25.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then after you have nodded
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.93,0:09:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for about 10 or 15 minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.68,0:09:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mind clears up.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.57,0:09:31.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then when the mind clears up,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.79,0:09:33.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then his meditation starts.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.100,0:09:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's also a very good meditator,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.54,0:09:38.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's natural to feel tired
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.17,0:09:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the beginning
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.06,0:09:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you've been active
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.04,0:09:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've been socialising,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.41,0:09:43.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've been doing all of these kind of things
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.11,0:09:44.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which tire the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.69,0:09:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's natural.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.64,0:09:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So allow the mind to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.57,0:09:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.48,0:09:49.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Allow the mind to be,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.57,0:09:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't do anything in particular.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.28,0:09:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wait for mindfulness to arise.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.59,0:09:55.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when mindfulness arises by itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.97,0:09:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it becomes very powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.72,0:09:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very useful.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.87,0:10:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what all of this is about,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.40,0:10:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to relate it a little bit to
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.78,0:10:09.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teachings of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.03,0:10:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure you have probably heard
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.35,0:10:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the middle way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.75,0:10:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The middle way in Buddhism
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.18,0:10:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is essentially, in a way, on the one hand
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.44,0:10:19.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to torture the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.95,0:10:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In India in those days people would
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.86,0:10:23.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,torture themselves. You know, sometimes
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.65,0:10:25.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you think that people lying on these
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.69,0:10:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beds of nails, you think it's some kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.55,0:10:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cartoon caricature of India,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.79,0:10:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you open the suttas
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.54,0:10:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it says right there they were
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.48,0:10:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lying on beds of nails.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.99,0:10:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually the reality,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.60,0:10:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's actually what people where doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.17,0:10:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this was one of the ways that people
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.58,0:10:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were practising at that time.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.36,0:10:44.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha says this is the wrong way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.73,0:10:46.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the other wrong way
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.06,0:10:48.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is then to indulge the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.52,0:10:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, on a meditation retreat like this
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.35,0:10:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're not really going to be able to
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.84,0:10:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indulge the very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.21,0:10:57.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially if you keep the eight precepts.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.23,0:10:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So forget about the indulging side.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.100,0:11:01.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The side to be careful about, is the side
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.39,0:11:02.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has to do with experiencing
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.97,0:11:05.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too much pain, torturing yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.36,0:11:07.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thinking that: "by torture, I'm going to
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.24,0:11:09.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make quick progress".
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.20,0:11:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.67,0:11:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the classical problem in meditation.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.69,0:11:16.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens when you find that middle way,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.42,0:11:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you neither torture yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.93,0:11:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor you indulge the body
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.42,0:11:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what happens is that the body becomes
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.89,0:11:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,irrelevant.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.47,0:11:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason why the body
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.88,0:11:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is important to us,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.02,0:11:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because either,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.11,0:11:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we get some pleasure through the body
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.28,0:11:33.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you get pleasure through the body
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.11,0:11:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the body is important because
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.64,0:11:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's where you get your happiness.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.04,0:11:38.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, the body is important because
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.91,0:11:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get pain through the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.83,0:11:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you get pain through the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.18,0:11:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's something to be done with the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.90,0:11:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a problem there, a problem
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.49,0:11:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that needs to be resolved.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.18,0:11:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mind will always tend to go out
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.46,0:11:52.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the body, out into the world
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.85,0:11:54.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than staying inside and watch
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.69,0:11:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the breath, or whatever it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.16,0:11:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the idea of the middle way.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.72,0:12:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The middle way, is a way where your body
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.59,0:12:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is no longer important.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.81,0:12:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The body falls by the wayside.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.85,0:12:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The body becomes irrelevant.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.14,0:12:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, we all know that meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.38,0:12:10.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the end is about the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.15,0:12:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because the meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.64,0:12:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is about the mind
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.65,0:12:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then getting rid of the body is precisely
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.01,0:12:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we want to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.85,0:12:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is what the middle way is about.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.88,0:12:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's kind of strange, the two extremes
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.17,0:12:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a sense are quite close to each other
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.12,0:12:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the two extremes are about the body
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.39,0:12:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the middle way is where the body
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.15,0:12:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,falls away and the body is irrelevant.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.13,0:12:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the point here,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.82,0:12:34.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what the middle way is,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.25,0:12:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the body is gone,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.83,0:12:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when the body falls away
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.19,0:12:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel so at ease.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.84,0:12:41.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So watch that.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.21,0:12:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you {\i1}do{\i0} feel pain
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.59,0:12:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your meditation practice, please
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.77,0:12:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change your posture,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.99,0:12:48.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't think that
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.70,0:12:50.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to be some superhero
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.41,0:12:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just get enlightened now
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.94,0:12:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on this retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.90,0:12:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not going to work.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.90,0:12:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know Ajahn Brahm did that.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.96,0:12:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He always said that when he was
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.17,0:12:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a young man he would sit down and say:
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.68,0:13:03.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"okay, I'm going to sit until I get enlightened"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.28,0:13:04.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, of course, it didn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.61,0:13:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But everybody has these ideas sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.23,0:13:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please don't try that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.48,0:13:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Enjoy the practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.87,0:13:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sit down, if you have pain somewhere
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.78,0:13:13.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get up, change your posture,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.75,0:13:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go out, do some walking instead,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.66,0:13:17.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do something else, if you find that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.48,0:13:19.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are general guidelines
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.61,0:13:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.76,0:13:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't sit with pain, especially
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.51,0:13:25.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you feel the mind gets obsessed
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.83,0:13:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with that pain, it goes back to it
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.66,0:13:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again and again, you can't deal with it,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.42,0:13:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the time is right to change the posture.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.82,0:13:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is number one,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.66,0:13:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I am always surprised
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.52,0:13:40.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how tenacious this idea is,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.84,0:13:43.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it's okay to sit with pain,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.12,0:13:44.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many people think
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.35,0:13:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is a good thing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.53,0:13:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think there is something deep
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.84,0:13:48.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the human psyche
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.28,0:13:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that tends to think that
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.60,0:13:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you torture the body
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.47,0:13:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are freeing the spirit.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.21,0:13:55.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The body is like the sinful thing
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.25,0:13:56.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that keeps you tied to the world
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.99,0:13:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you torture that evil body a little bit,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.12,0:14:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you can free the spirit,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.88,0:14:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the mind gets developed
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.95,0:14:04.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get spiritual practice from that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.92,0:14:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it's so common in the world!
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.83,0:14:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Christianity they do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.25,0:14:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christianity is famous in the Middle Ages
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.70,0:14:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for having these people who torture themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.26,0:14:15.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Hinduism,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.63,0:14:17.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very, very famous for all the torturing;
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.61,0:14:19.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find that in the suttas.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.14,0:14:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Islam, apparently, you find the same thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.31,0:14:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people torturing themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.70,0:14:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then you come to the one religion
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.80,0:14:26.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the emphasis is on getting away
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.01,0:14:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from suffering, it's all about happiness
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.06,0:14:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is Buddhism, and then you find
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.53,0:14:31.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people still do the same thing!
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.35,0:14:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People still torture themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.80,0:14:33.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even in Buddhism.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.95,0:14:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This should be the one religion
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.08,0:14:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where torture is absolutely prohibited,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.28,0:14:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet it still happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.21,0:14:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think there is something in the human
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.66,0:14:45.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,psyche which basically makes us feel
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.90,0:14:49.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this is the way to develop the mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.37,0:14:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the body gets a bit tortured
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.87,0:14:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's okay
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.71,0:14:53.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that's just the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.27,0:14:55.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But actually, no, it's the other way round,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.13,0:14:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a hindrance for meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.52,0:14:58.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to work.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.62,0:15:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, that's point number one.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.08,0:15:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've said a lot about that and the reason
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.17,0:15:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because in my experience
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.80,0:15:07.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people still don't get it.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.23,0:15:09.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if you talk after half an hour,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.42,0:15:11.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it still hasn't sunk in.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.58,0:15:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it takes years before
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.40,0:15:15.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the basic message sinks in.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.13,0:15:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just talking from my own experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.31,0:15:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know how stupid I am,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.70,0:15:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how stubborn sometimes you can be.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.13,0:15:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It takes a while for these things to
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.54,0:15:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually become clear.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.20,0:15:28.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is number one.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.65,0:15:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second point in meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.24,0:15:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is, once your body is at ease,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.84,0:15:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the body doesn't have any pain,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.38,0:15:41.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next thing to do is to relax the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.54,0:15:44.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the things you will find
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.23,0:15:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well, is that you come into your busy life
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.44,0:15:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the business of life
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.55,0:15:51.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always is felt in the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:51.15,0:15:52.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel tensions.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.96,0:15:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel tensions in the stomach,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.24,0:15:55.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel tensions in the shoulders,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.79,0:15:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel tensions in the face.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.46,0:15:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The muscles tighten up.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.55,0:16:01.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first thing we need to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.79,0:16:03.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.19,0:16:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again it's about finding the ease.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.56,0:16:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only do we not have any pain,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.88,0:16:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you want to find the ease in the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.24,0:16:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the body feels really nice,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.38,0:16:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and really good.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.74,0:16:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is happening here,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.10,0:16:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reason why
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.18,0:16:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the body is tense
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.99,0:16:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because the mind is tense.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.58,0:16:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mind is what controls the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.74,0:16:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you get very stressed, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.39,0:16:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during daily life,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.36,0:16:30.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stress will always reverberate,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.33,0:16:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or will make itself felt
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.65,0:16:33.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the body afterwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.36,0:16:35.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mind and body are so closely connected.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.73,0:16:38.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This idea that these are separate things
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.22,0:16:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is really a non-starter.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.26,0:16:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are very, very closely connected
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.68,0:16:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.24,0:16:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a very useful way of learning
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.26,0:16:47.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to deal with the mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.97,0:16:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by working with the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:50.42,0:16:51.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because with the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.27,0:16:53.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's very obvious what is going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.14,0:16:54.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know what is happening in the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.44,0:16:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can feel if there is any tension there
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.20,0:16:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can feel if there's a problem there.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.11,0:17:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the mind, everything is a bit more
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.56,0:17:02.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,difficult to pin down.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.92,0:17:04.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So start by feeling the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.75,0:17:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does the body feel like?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.26,0:17:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Start every meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.64,0:17:10.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every time you do this,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.19,0:17:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go through the same process
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.38,0:17:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because then you get used to a good
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.70,0:17:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,procedure of doing things after a while.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.36,0:17:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Start off, by just feeling the body
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.88,0:17:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then making the body at ease,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.28,0:17:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making the body relaxed,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.80,0:17:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feeling good about yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.43,0:17:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feeling really, really relaxed.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.64,0:17:33.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are many ways of doing this.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.03,0:17:36.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way is just to take some deep breaths
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.06,0:17:37.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allowing yourself to relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.79,0:17:39.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Make sure you sit in a comfortable
Dialogue: 0,0:17:39.17,0:17:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,posture, like leaning back so that you can
Dialogue: 0,0:17:41.62,0:17:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually allow the body to relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.56,0:17:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Use a guided meditation with somebody
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.90,0:17:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose instructions you trust
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.56,0:17:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and voice you like to listen to,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.22,0:17:54.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again that makes you feel nice and relaxed.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.36,0:17:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the last part is the attitude you have.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.90,0:17:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The attitude is probably
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.98,0:17:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most important thing of all.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.71,0:18:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the right attitude
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.76,0:18:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will relax,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.50,0:18:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without it, it's very, very hard.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.80,0:18:05.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spend time doing this,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.46,0:18:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spend however long it takes
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.88,0:18:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if you spend the whole
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.23,0:18:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation just relaxing
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.11,0:18:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially at the beginning
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.18,0:18:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a retreat,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.24,0:18:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.04,0:18:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's good.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.93,0:18:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least you feel at ease
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.35,0:18:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and relaxed when that happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.13,0:18:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea, here,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.48,0:18:22.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is really to take the relaxation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.15,0:18:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deeper than what you normally
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.16,0:18:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are used to.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.25,0:18:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ordinary relaxation and ordinary life
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.72,0:18:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually often isn't all that relaxed
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.42,0:18:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.68,0:18:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you only find that out
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.46,0:18:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you start to meditate
Dialogue: 0,0:18:33.73,0:18:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get into deeper states
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.12,0:18:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of relaxation.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.88,0:18:36.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You start to realise,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.71,0:18:39.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wow, this is {\i1}really{\i0} relaxed
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.47,0:18:40.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't know it was possible
Dialogue: 0,0:18:40.60,0:18:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get this relaxed.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.63,0:18:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had no idea, {\i1}now{\i0} I understand
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.42,0:18:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what relaxation is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.53,0:18:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The deeper your meditation goes,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.62,0:18:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more you think,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.40,0:18:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"whoa, this is really nice!
Dialogue: 0,0:18:50.82,0:18:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The body feels so at ease."
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.76,0:18:54.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea here is to start off
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.73,0:18:56.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that process of relaxation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.23,0:18:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as soon as possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:58.10,0:19:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the sooner you get that done
Dialogue: 0,0:19:00.61,0:19:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more easily
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.72,0:19:04.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rest of the meditation flows along.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.51,0:19:09.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, get that depth of relaxation
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.05,0:19:11.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deeper than you had it before
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.05,0:19:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the very beginning,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.58,0:19:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by focusing on the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.16,0:19:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by sending metta to yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.62,0:19:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having a sense of kindness
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.00,0:19:18.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and compassion for yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.59,0:19:19.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you start to feel the body
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.100,0:19:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become so easy,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:21.44,0:19:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so {\i1}light{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.20,0:19:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes so light.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:24.25,0:19:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes like a tuft of cotton almost.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:26.81,0:19:28.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's almost like it starts to disappear.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:28.95,0:19:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what I was talking about before,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.04,0:19:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disappearing of the body
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.82,0:19:34.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you do by not having any pain,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.34,0:19:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it disappears even more
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.98,0:19:38.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you feel really at ease
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.17,0:19:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:40.26,0:19:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You find yourself so light,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.64,0:19:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so easy,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:44.81,0:19:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless you fall asleep,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.04,0:19:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which case you feel heavy,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.13,0:19:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the alternative.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:48.26,0:19:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:49.44,0:19:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you fall asleep that's fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.46,0:19:51.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please, fall asleep,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.67,0:19:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,falling asleep is not a bad thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:53.77,0:19:55.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is very, very common,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.18,0:19:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've in very good company if you
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.36,0:19:58.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fall asleep. Allow that tiredness
Dialogue: 0,0:19:58.43,0:19:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to wear off and then the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.58,0:20:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lightness of the mind comes afterwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:01.91,0:20:03.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, either you feel very heavy
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.46,0:20:04.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you do this and you fall asleep,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.95,0:20:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the mind tends to feel light.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:07.74,0:20:10.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tends to go either one way or the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.13,0:20:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When this happens,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.18,0:20:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you are feeling so much at ease,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.09,0:20:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are feeling so good about yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:18.15,0:20:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so good in the body, good in everything,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.42,0:20:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mindfulness starts to arise.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.88,0:20:25.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is mindfulness?
Dialogue: 0,0:20:25.99,0:20:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mindfulness is basically
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.34,0:20:29.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the ability to stay in the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:29.38,0:20:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,present moment, to be aware
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.82,0:20:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what is happening in the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:32.64,0:20:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here and now, that is what mindfulness
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.66,0:20:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is about. Mindfulness is not about
Dialogue: 0,0:20:36.57,0:20:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fantasizing. If you think about future,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:38.52,0:20:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you think about the past,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.82,0:20:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you fantasize about all kind of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.83,0:20:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's not mindfulness.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:43.23,0:20:44.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mindfulness is about the ability to
Dialogue: 0,0:20:44.85,0:20:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just be here and now.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.36,0:20:47.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be in this present moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.89,0:20:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be in this room.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.97,0:20:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be right here in front of you,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:50.61,0:20:52.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being able to watch the breath,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.30,0:20:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is what mindfulness is about.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.30,0:20:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And mindfulness arises especially
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.08,0:21:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you feel good.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:00.08,0:21:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't feel good
Dialogue: 0,0:21:01.07,0:21:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mind wants to escape,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.77,0:21:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if the present moment is the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:04.69,0:21:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pleasant moment...
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.02,0:21:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an easy one to remember:
Dialogue: 0,0:21:07.36,0:21:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,present moment is the pleasant moment
Dialogue: 0,0:21:09.39,0:21:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the mindfulness tends to arise
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.91,0:21:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.03,0:21:16.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is a very easy path.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.62,0:21:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All you have to do is relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:18.22,0:21:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All you have to do is just to feel at ease,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:21.30,0:21:23.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you do that in the right way,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.61,0:21:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then mindfulness comes all by itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.83,0:21:28.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the trick of this path,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.27,0:21:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the trick of this whole practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.30,0:21:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that you don't actually have to do anything,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.53,0:21:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't have to exert yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:34.14,0:21:35.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't have to use a lot of will power,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:35.95,0:21:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's not a lot of stuff that you have to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:38.28,0:21:39.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the whole doing business, actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:39.68,0:21:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what tires you out in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.84,0:21:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this doing makes the mind busy
Dialogue: 0,0:21:44.20,0:21:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it makes you active,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.11,0:21:46.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then when you come back home after
Dialogue: 0,0:21:46.46,0:21:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a long day's work, you feel
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.08,0:21:49.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely exhausted, that's because
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.81,0:21:52.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of all the doing that you've been doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:52.19,0:21:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the natural way
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.64,0:21:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for mindfulness to arise
Dialogue: 0,0:21:55.46,0:21:57.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when mindfulness arises naturally,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:57.89,0:22:00.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is {\i1}easy{\i0}, it is pleasant, it is happy
Dialogue: 0,0:22:00.43,0:22:03.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you feel so good about these things.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:04.13,0:22:05.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the way.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.93,0:22:08.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the things to avoid here...
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.41,0:22:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is almost becoming a kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:22:12.62,0:22:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taboo word in Buddhism, in meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:15.87,0:22:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the word 'concentration'.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:17.86,0:22:20.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure you have heard the word 'concentration'
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.09,0:22:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being used.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.92,0:22:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People say I've got to concentrate,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:22.69,0:22:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concentrate on the breath,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.24,0:22:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concentrate on things,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:25.90,0:22:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but be very careful with words like that
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.98,0:22:31.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because, the word 'concentration'
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.53,0:22:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the English language, very often
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.05,0:22:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,implies a lot of will power.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.93,0:22:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you go to work,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:38.59,0:22:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you do whatever in ordinary life,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.90,0:22:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you go to work,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.85,0:22:43.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your employer expects you to read certain things
Dialogue: 0,0:22:43.99,0:22:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and write certain reports
Dialogue: 0,0:22:45.30,0:22:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all these kinds of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:46.71,0:22:49.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because your employer expects that
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.19,0:22:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to do it because you
Dialogue: 0,0:22:50.38,0:22:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have to earn your salary et cetera, et cetera,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.64,0:22:54.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when you're doing things
Dialogue: 0,0:22:54.19,0:22:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you're not really enjoying
Dialogue: 0,0:22:55.64,0:22:56.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all that much,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.51,0:22:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe it's an incredibly boring report
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.27,0:22:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you have to read,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.69,0:23:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you kind of have to force yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:23:01.44,0:23:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through it, that is what concentration
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.57,0:23:05.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually means. You're forcing attention
Dialogue: 0,0:23:05.66,0:23:08.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on to something which isn't 100% natural.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.47,0:23:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why people who have jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.76,0:23:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that demand a very high degree of
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.09,0:23:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alertness, and awareness and concentration
Dialogue: 0,0:23:17.26,0:23:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often feel incredibly tired after
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.93,0:23:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a long day's work.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:20.60,0:23:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think these flight controllers,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.46,0:23:24.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know - what is called? The people
Dialogue: 0,0:23:24.79,0:23:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who sit in those tall towers at airports?
Dialogue: 0,0:23:28.29,0:23:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whatever.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.55,0:23:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, they sit up there
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.40,0:23:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they have to watch the screen
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.82,0:23:33.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make sure none of the planes collide.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:33.100,0:23:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the the planes collide in midair
Dialogue: 0,0:23:36.24,0:23:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel a bit bad about it afterwards
Dialogue: 0,0:23:37.76,0:23:40.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you really have to focus on this
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.44,0:23:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is one of the biggest
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.63,0:23:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stress jobs, because you have to
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.62,0:23:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concentrate so much and people
Dialogue: 0,0:23:46.65,0:23:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feel very tired after doing
Dialogue: 0,0:23:48.53,0:23:50.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that kind of job all day.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:50.16,0:23:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how we all feel to a certain extent,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.38,0:23:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you use force
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.86,0:23:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to watch and to be in the present moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:56.96,0:23:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's an idea of allowing mindfulness
Dialogue: 0,0:23:59.19,0:24:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to arise naturally, rather than
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.07,0:24:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to force mindfulness.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:02.89,0:24:04.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you force mindfulness,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.23,0:24:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a while
Dialogue: 0,0:24:05.23,0:24:06.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to feel exhausted
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.40,0:24:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation practice and you're going to
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.14,0:24:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sleep for the rest of the retreat
Dialogue: 0,0:24:09.51,0:24:11.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it won't be all that interesting for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.81,0:24:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You still may have a good time,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.20,0:24:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you lose out on all the good fun
Dialogue: 0,0:24:15.19,0:24:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everyone else has.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.86,0:24:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So learn natural mindfulness,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.22,0:24:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}that{\i0} is where it's all at.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:20.98,0:24:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what we're trying to get to.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:25.78,0:24:28.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, when you have no pain in the body
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.82,0:24:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'm just recapitulating very briefly -
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.12,0:24:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no pain in the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.90,0:24:34.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you are at ease, and you are relaxed
Dialogue: 0,0:24:34.13,0:24:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,natural mindfulness arises as a consequence,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:37.87,0:24:39.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or rather I should say, it {\i1}can{\i0} arise.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:39.80,0:24:41.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't always arise.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.69,0:24:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The last reason why it doesn't arise
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.32,0:24:46.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because the attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:46.69,0:24:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The attitude is probably
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.42,0:24:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most important thing of all
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.42,0:24:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:53.80,0:24:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to look at the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.38,0:24:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at the people around you,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:57.58,0:25:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feel the situation in the right way.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:00.17,0:25:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you have the right attitude
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.80,0:25:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this way, that is when meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:25:03.22,0:25:05.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really becomes possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:05.35,0:25:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has to be a positive attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:07.40,0:25:09.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to have a sense of well wishing
Dialogue: 0,0:25:09.43,0:25:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the people around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:11.32,0:25:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to have a sense of
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.11,0:25:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}mettā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.84,0:25:15.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}karuṇā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:25:16.44,0:25:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this means loving-kindness,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:17.54,0:25:18.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compassion
Dialogue: 0,0:25:18.65,0:25:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of these positive qualities,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.48,0:25:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sense of friendliness.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:21.99,0:25:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you have all of these
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.30,0:25:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,qualities inside of you,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:24.41,0:25:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is when
Dialogue: 0,0:25:25.43,0:25:27.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation becomes possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.10,0:25:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you feel negative,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:28.22,0:25:29.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you are upset with somebody,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.91,0:25:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you're angry about something,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:31.83,0:25:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,absolutely no way that your meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.16,0:25:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to work.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:35.87,0:25:37.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you get this out of the way first of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.63,0:25:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}and then{\i0} meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.18,0:25:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becomes possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:40.22,0:25:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we have the chance,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:41.56,0:25:42.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if there will be much time
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.82,0:25:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during this retreat,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.05,0:25:45.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this is one of the most important
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.94,0:25:48.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things in the entire Buddhist path
Dialogue: 0,0:25:48.61,0:25:51.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is learning how to use your mind
Dialogue: 0,0:25:51.31,0:25:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a skilful way,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:52.54,0:25:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that you can
Dialogue: 0,0:25:55.34,0:25:57.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,move away from the unskilful.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:57.17,0:25:58.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It takes a lot of training,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:58.91,0:26:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it takes years, often, of training for
Dialogue: 0,0:26:00.17,0:26:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people to be able to do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.08,0:26:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't this what they call
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.82,0:26:03.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cognitive behavioural therapy
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.56,0:26:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in psychology?
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.72,0:26:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Basically, it's a similar kind of thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.36,0:26:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's more intense
Dialogue: 0,0:26:08.82,0:26:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's a life long process
Dialogue: 0,0:26:10.54,0:26:13.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep on doing these kind of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.17,0:26:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the idea is to shift your mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:15.40,0:26:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gradually, more and more away
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.93,0:26:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the negative things towards
Dialogue: 0,0:26:18.18,0:26:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the positive things.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.87,0:26:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you have a positive attitude
Dialogue: 0,0:26:21.18,0:26:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.55,0:26:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}then{\i0} it becomes very powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:24.78,0:26:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a nice sutta which I always
Dialogue: 0,0:26:26.64,0:26:28.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like to quote.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.17,0:26:32.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A sutta is the word of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.60,0:26:34.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one sutta means one
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.52,0:26:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particular instance when he was giving
Dialogue: 0,0:26:37.42,0:26:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a talk as one sutta,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.74,0:26:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is basically what it means.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:39.75,0:26:41.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in this one sutta,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:41.81,0:26:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he talks about what happens
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.69,0:26:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you are a good person,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.46,0:26:46.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you live a good life,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:46.59,0:26:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you have a good heart,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.44,0:26:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you treat people in a kind way
Dialogue: 0,0:26:49.74,0:26:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all of these kind of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.36,0:26:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This sutta is {\i1}Majjhima Nikāya{\i0} 129,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.22,0:26:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those of you who are into this.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:55.34,0:26:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called The Wise And Foolish People.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.98,0:27:01.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you're interested in how to be wise,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:01.63,0:27:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to avoid being a fool
Dialogue: 0,0:27:02.79,0:27:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a great place to start;
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.10,0:27:06.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Majjhima{\i0} 129.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:06.81,0:27:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What he says there,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:07.76,0:27:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the wise person, the wise person
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.84,0:27:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Buddhism means somebody who
Dialogue: 0,0:27:13.36,0:27:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acts well,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:14.94,0:27:16.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acts with kindness
Dialogue: 0,0:27:16.40,0:27:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,avoids acting in the bad ways,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:18.67,0:27:19.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speaks with kindness,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.81,0:27:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,avoids speaking in the bad way
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.64,0:27:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and crucially,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:22.86,0:27:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}thinks{\i0} with kindness,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.24,0:27:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't think thoughts which are
Dialogue: 0,0:27:27.66,0:27:30.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,greedy, or angry, or full of hatred
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.12,0:27:31.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this kind of stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.30,0:27:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thinks positive things as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.61,0:27:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Buddhism, the idea of morality
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.35,0:27:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is stretched the the absolute limit.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:36.39,0:27:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It includes also morality of the mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.02,0:27:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in Buddhism it's about developing
Dialogue: 0,0:27:40.24,0:27:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your whole character.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:42.33,0:27:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The word {\i1}sīla{\i0}, in the Pāli language
Dialogue: 0,0:27:44.66,0:27:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is much broader than the word 'morality'
Dialogue: 0,0:27:47.11,0:27:47.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in English.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:47.71,0:27:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It basically includes your entire character.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:50.20,0:27:51.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's development of character,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:51.67,0:27:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,development of personality
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.06,0:27:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it what it really is about.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.30,0:27:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what this sutta, this discourse,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:57.77,0:27:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Buddha, what he says there
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.77,0:28:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that, it's like a good person.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.24,0:28:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the evening, when they come back home
Dialogue: 0,0:28:04.06,0:28:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they might be tired
Dialogue: 0,0:28:05.23,0:28:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they might take a while as they sit down,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.58,0:28:09.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they lie down on their bed
Dialogue: 0,0:28:09.45,0:28:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or sit down on a chair, or whatever,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:10.96,0:28:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when they do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.62,0:28:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when they relax,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:14.22,0:28:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the good actions they have done,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:16.47,0:28:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fact that they have
Dialogue: 0,0:28:17.67,0:28:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,avoided the bad actions
Dialogue: 0,0:28:19.49,0:28:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all that comes back to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.44,0:28:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it comes back to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:23.10,0:28:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they feel a natural sense of happiness,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:25.96,0:28:27.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because a sense of happiness is basically,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.53,0:28:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, you know that you're a good person,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.16,0:28:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know that you've done the right things.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:31.71,0:28:33.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have nothing to regret.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:33.33,0:28:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel a sense of,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:34.19,0:28:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"wow, I've done good things."
Dialogue: 0,0:28:36.39,0:28:38.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel a sense of joy about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:38.27,0:28:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is just a natural consequence
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.22,0:28:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of living a good life.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.63,0:28:43.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The more you purify that good life,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:43.86,0:28:47.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more you feel that natural joy.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.14,0:28:49.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha says it's like a mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:50.26,0:28:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the evening, when you have a mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.49,0:28:55.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the sun goes down behind the mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:28:55.83,0:29:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the shadow is cast from that mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.82,0:29:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The entire earth in front of that mountain,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.70,0:29:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ground in front of the mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.98,0:29:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is engulfed, is enveloped
Dialogue: 0,0:29:07.41,0:29:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and completely surrounded by the shadow
Dialogue: 0,0:29:09.50,0:29:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the mountain,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.01,0:29:13.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely engulfed in that.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.30,0:29:14.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the same way,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.41,0:29:15.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a good person
Dialogue: 0,0:29:15.29,0:29:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes back a long day's work
Dialogue: 0,0:29:17.40,0:29:18.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you sit down, you rest,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:18.100,0:29:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or maybe you meditate a bit
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.35,0:29:23.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then the mountain of good actions
Dialogue: 0,0:29:23.46,0:29:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come back to you!
Dialogue: 0,0:29:25.19,0:29:26.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you feel satisfied,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.94,0:29:28.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel a sense of joy inside.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:28.89,0:29:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel gladness
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.17,0:29:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of that mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:29:31.90,0:29:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of good actions is there.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.34,0:29:35.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what we have to do is
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.16,0:29:37.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,build a mountain. That's what each
Dialogue: 0,0:29:37.31,0:29:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of us has to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:38.79,0:29:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you build that mountain,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:40.21,0:29:42.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the you have that foundation
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.78,0:29:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of happiness and joy
Dialogue: 0,0:29:44.32,0:29:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which also you can bring into your
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.05,0:29:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.19,0:29:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is what it's about,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.06,0:29:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to build this mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:50.83,0:29:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what our ordinary life,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:53.21,0:29:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you are interested in Buddhism,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.40,0:29:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or spiritual practice, or meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.38,0:29:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whatever it is,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.33,0:30:01.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what our whole life is really about.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:01.12,0:30:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about building up this mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.07,0:30:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of goodness inside of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:04.70,0:30:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you have no choice,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:05.49,0:30:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to feel happy!
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.10,0:30:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that great, you have not choice
Dialogue: 0,0:30:08.36,0:30:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but to feel happy?
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.86,0:30:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I find that such a wonderful thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.48,0:30:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can sit back, and sometimes
Dialogue: 0,0:30:13.13,0:30:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're a bit grumpy you think,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.28,0:30:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"aw, I don't want to be happy",
Dialogue: 0,0:30:15.28,0:30:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you have no choice,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:16.00,0:30:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happiness just comes to you
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.60,0:30:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you just feel good about yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.80,0:30:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What a wonderful thing that is,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:20.69,0:30:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you have no choice about the matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.10,0:30:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it always comes your way.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.55,0:30:26.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, of course, the spiritual path
Dialogue: 0,0:30:26.50,0:30:28.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really works as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.71,0:30:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is one of those
Dialogue: 0,0:30:30.16,0:30:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similes that I think are so powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:32.66,0:30:34.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha is a master
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.34,0:30:35.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of creating beautiful similes
Dialogue: 0,0:30:35.84,0:30:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are so much to the point
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.64,0:30:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and show you how these things work
Dialogue: 0,0:30:41.46,0:30:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a very beautiful way.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.13,0:30:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is what happens
Dialogue: 0,0:30:48.64,0:30:49.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you generally speaking
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.99,0:30:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have the right attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.90,0:30:53.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were talking about
Dialogue: 0,0:30:53.01,0:30:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the precepts before
Dialogue: 0,0:30:54.35,0:30:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these precepts are very much
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.24,0:30:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about having right attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:58.46,0:31:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will perhaps very briefly
Dialogue: 0,0:31:00.11,0:31:02.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talk about them.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:02.88,0:31:04.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first precept is about
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.28,0:31:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not killing any living beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.88,0:31:08.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so we assume that you're
Dialogue: 0,0:31:08.21,0:31:10.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not killing any human beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:10.82,0:31:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you kill human beings, I would
Dialogue: 0,0:31:12.05,0:31:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recommend you to stop that very quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:14.18,0:31:16.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is going to be a big obstacle.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.59,0:31:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is another discourse in the suttas,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:20.04,0:31:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the word of the Buddha. Actually there
Dialogue: 0,0:31:21.81,0:31:23.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a man who was killing all these beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.69,0:31:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was a mass murderer
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.56,0:31:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the time of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.62,0:31:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a very famous sutta,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:27.37,0:31:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may have heard about
Dialogue: 0,0:31:28.30,0:31:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Aṅgulimāla Sutta{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:30.87,0:31:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he also stopped doing that
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.34,0:31:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as a consequence of stopping that
Dialogue: 0,0:31:33.96,0:31:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he actually attained very high
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.87,0:31:38.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spiritual states as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:38.79,0:31:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So even if you are killing human beings
Dialogue: 0,0:31:41.17,0:31:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's still hope,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:42.98,0:31:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a very positive message.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:45.74,0:31:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's not just about avoiding killing.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.81,0:31:51.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you avoid killing humans,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.55,0:31:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you avoid killing animals and even insects,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:54.05,0:31:57.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's about being kind as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.13,0:31:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the most fundamental
Dialogue: 0,0:31:59.30,0:32:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and important facts about
Dialogue: 0,0:32:00.64,0:32:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddhist idea of morality.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.35,0:32:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is not just about avoiding doing
Dialogue: 0,0:32:04.38,0:32:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bad stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.75,0:32:08.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actively doing the good things
Dialogue: 0,0:32:08.41,0:32:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.26,0:32:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being kind.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:10.70,0:32:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being helpful.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:12.05,0:32:14.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being compassionate, to animals
Dialogue: 0,0:32:14.31,0:32:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and human beings wherever you can find.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:16.78,0:32:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is really what gives power
Dialogue: 0,0:32:18.67,0:32:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.97,0:32:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't do the bad stuff, okay,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.35,0:32:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't feel bad about yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:22.65,0:32:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, if you do the good stuff you actually
Dialogue: 0,0:32:24.26,0:32:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actively feel good about yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.90,0:32:29.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have noticed in my own life,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:29.14,0:32:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I try to live up to these things myself.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:32.09,0:32:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I try not to be the ultimate hypocrite
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.05,0:32:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sit here and tell you
Dialogue: 0,0:32:35.18,0:32:36.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do all these things and
Dialogue: 0,0:32:36.30,0:32:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do nothing myself,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:37.32,0:32:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would be terrible wouldn't it?
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.02,0:32:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, you don't know me,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.86,0:32:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so maybe I am a hypocrite, but
Dialogue: 0,0:32:41.43,0:32:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from my own perspective
Dialogue: 0,0:32:42.96,0:32:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think I'm a hypocrite.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:45.41,0:32:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have always found that
Dialogue: 0,0:32:47.51,0:32:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is very powerful sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:49.63,0:32:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes you are in the right mood
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.36,0:32:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you just want to be kind,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.78,0:32:55.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you want to be compassionate.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:55.61,0:32:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it's a very powerful force
Dialogue: 0,0:32:57.80,0:32:59.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside of you. Other times you don't
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.22,0:33:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really feel compassionate at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:00.60,0:33:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but sometimes you feel very kind.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:02.36,0:33:04.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, sometimes, when you do
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.44,0:33:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something kind, there's an insect that
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.92,0:33:08.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you save or something like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:08.69,0:33:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something very, very small,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:09.90,0:33:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but because you are in the right mood,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:12.27,0:33:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because you are mindful,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:13.98,0:33:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because you feel it's coming
Dialogue: 0,0:33:15.77,0:33:16.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,naturally from you,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.99,0:33:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it often has a very powerful impact
Dialogue: 0,0:33:19.25,0:33:20.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on your mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:20.80,0:33:22.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like you do this little act,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:22.43,0:33:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you think it's nothing and still
Dialogue: 0,0:33:23.85,0:33:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel this joy connected with that,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:25.68,0:33:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is done at the right time,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:27.98,0:33:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the right place.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:29.63,0:33:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The right time and the right place
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.10,0:33:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is always usually...
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.24,0:33:34.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you should always do these things,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:34.43,0:33:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, but the powerful times
Dialogue: 0,0:33:36.55,0:33:38.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are when it comes naturally.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:38.48,0:33:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you ever feel like being kind,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:41.03,0:33:42.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if it comes from your heart and you
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.90,0:33:44.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to do something kind,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:44.59,0:33:45.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do it for goodness sake!
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.59,0:33:47.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't hold back.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.12,0:33:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't have some cynical thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:48.66,0:33:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"yeah, they don't deserve it or whatever".
Dialogue: 0,0:33:50.19,0:33:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please don't think like that because
Dialogue: 0,0:33:52.14,0:33:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's going to destroy
Dialogue: 0,0:33:53.35,0:33:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a wonderful opportunity to do what is right
Dialogue: 0,0:33:55.85,0:33:56.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and do what is kind.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.100,0:33:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Always take the opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:58.64,0:33:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If other people think
Dialogue: 0,0:33:59.91,0:34:01.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are a bit strange, so be it.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.51,0:34:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's their problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:03.16,0:34:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you just do what is right.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.93,0:34:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then you find, that when
Dialogue: 0,0:34:06.52,0:34:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you do these things again and again
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.02,0:34:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are times when it becomes
Dialogue: 0,0:34:09.96,0:34:11.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.39,0:34:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you are mindful,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:13.14,0:34:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are clearly aware, you're driven
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.77,0:34:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a powerful motivation of compassion
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.10,0:34:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside of you.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.96,0:34:19.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes a very powerful impact
Dialogue: 0,0:34:19.37,0:34:20.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.36,0:34:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You sit down to meditate
Dialogue: 0,0:34:21.62,0:34:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these things come back to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:23.10,0:34:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they have made a powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:34:24.16,0:34:25.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,impact on the mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:25.10,0:34:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, that gives rise
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.80,0:34:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the ability to meditate because
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.72,0:34:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have the joy there.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:30.72,0:34:31.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how it works.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:31.62,0:34:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what {\i1}kamma{\i0} is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:32.92,0:34:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Kamma{\i0} is about when your intention
Dialogue: 0,0:34:34.87,0:34:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is pure, when mindfulness is strong,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:37.20,0:34:41.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the impact is very great one the mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:41.01,0:34:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you sit down afterwards,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:43.01,0:34:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it comes back to you very powerfully.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:44.80,0:34:46.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the idea of {\i1}kamma{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:47.93,0:34:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Powerful presence when you do it,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:50.16,0:34:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gives rise to a powerful result later on.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:52.22,0:34:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see it for yourself
Dialogue: 0,0:34:53.12,0:34:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happening in reality, it's very easy,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:54.74,0:34:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very straightforward
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.60,0:34:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you see how these things work.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:58.48,0:35:00.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So be kind.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:00.44,0:35:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On this retreat, if you have
Dialogue: 0,0:35:01.61,0:35:02.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an opportunity to be kind
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.70,0:35:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the people around you,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:03.60,0:35:06.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take every opportunity, never miss
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.20,0:35:08.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an opportunity to be kind in your life,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:08.62,0:35:10.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here or anywhere else, because it is
Dialogue: 0,0:35:10.95,0:35:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incredibly powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.44,0:35:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, of course, the second factor
Dialogue: 0,0:35:14.98,0:35:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is about not stealing.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.18,0:35:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm sure none of you have the intention
Dialogue: 0,0:35:20.64,0:35:22.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to steal anything on this retreat,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.16,0:35:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the opposite is generosity, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:25.98,0:35:28.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Be sharing, sharing of yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:28.17,0:35:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and being generous.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:30.14,0:35:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the incredibly important factors
Dialogue: 0,0:35:32.23,0:35:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the Buddhist path is generosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:35.75,0:35:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is something the Buddha talks about
Dialogue: 0,0:35:37.58,0:35:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the time. That's one of
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.75,0:35:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the foundation stones of the path.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:41.03,0:35:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And generosity can be done
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.00,0:35:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in some many different ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:43.78,0:35:44.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's very little distinction
Dialogue: 0,0:35:44.97,0:35:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between kindness and generosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.42,0:35:48.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They kind of flow into each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:48.29,0:35:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we talk about generosity,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:49.96,0:35:52.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we talk usually more about material things
Dialogue: 0,0:35:52.37,0:35:54.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and kindness is more about helping out
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.96,0:35:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a general sense, but they are really
Dialogue: 0,0:35:57.03,0:36:00.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of the same... different ends of the
Dialogue: 0,0:36:00.57,0:36:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same spectrum, basically.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:03.11,0:36:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So generosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:04.76,0:36:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third precept is about
Dialogue: 0,0:36:06.83,0:36:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no sexuality on this retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:10.22,0:36:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea here is to turn the mind
Dialogue: 0,0:36:12.75,0:36:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a different direction.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:15.15,0:36:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually, in the world we find pleasures
Dialogue: 0,0:36:17.64,0:36:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the senses, the five sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.76,0:36:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the food that we eat,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:21.63,0:36:23.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the relationships that we have,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:23.82,0:36:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through music, or whatever it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:26.31,0:36:27.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, the idea is instead of finding
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.96,0:36:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happiness in that realm,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.47,0:36:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to turn the mind
Dialogue: 0,0:36:31.10,0:36:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a different direction,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.12,0:36:33.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turn it inwards instead,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:33.32,0:36:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and find the happiness and joy
Dialogue: 0,0:36:35.12,0:36:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside of you instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.06,0:36:40.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, if we indulge in the five sense
Dialogue: 0,0:36:40.53,0:36:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is impossible at the same time
Dialogue: 0,0:36:42.38,0:36:44.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to turn inwards because they are two
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.46,0:36:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different directions.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:46.73,0:36:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you find happiness in the five sense
Dialogue: 0,0:36:48.74,0:36:50.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means your mind is going out
Dialogue: 0,0:36:50.78,0:36:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the world, by it's very definition.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:53.20,0:36:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But mediation is precisely about
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.93,0:36:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going inside. It's about watching
Dialogue: 0,0:36:56.90,0:36:58.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the breath, about being still
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.37,0:36:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the present moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:59.56,0:37:01.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about not being attached to the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:01.79,0:37:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you are finding pleasure
Dialogue: 0,0:37:04.03,0:37:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the five senses, it means that your are
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.10,0:37:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attached to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.99,0:37:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wherever you find pleasure is also
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.38,0:37:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you are attached.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:10.04,0:37:11.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you are attached, you can't
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.37,0:37:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let go, and because you can't let go
Dialogue: 0,0:37:12.64,0:37:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't focus inside.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:15.19,0:37:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are two opposite things.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.93,0:37:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very important to understand that.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:19.52,0:37:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That you cannot do both at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:22.18,0:37:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes people say, "yeah, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:23.44,0:37:25.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to get really deep meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.20,0:37:26.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to live a kind of ordinary life
Dialogue: 0,0:37:26.82,0:37:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with my partner and all these kinds
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.29,0:37:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of things at the same time".
Dialogue: 0,0:37:30.75,0:37:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It cannot be combined at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.18,0:37:35.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's impossible to have
Dialogue: 0,0:37:35.73,0:37:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the full benefit of meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.08,0:37:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the one side,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:39.14,0:37:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and living a completely ordinary life
Dialogue: 0,0:37:41.24,0:37:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.23,0:37:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have to be separated from each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:46.31,0:37:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why we do this kind of precept
Dialogue: 0,0:37:49.08,0:37:51.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on retreats like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:51.39,0:37:54.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fourth one is about silence,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:54.41,0:37:55.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and silence is a wonderful thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:55.83,0:37:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You find that it's so wonderful
Dialogue: 0,0:37:57.02,0:37:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to have to talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:59.88,0:38:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our society is based on communication,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.93,0:38:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to talk all the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.09,0:38:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's great not to have to talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:04.16,0:38:05.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just to be quiet.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:06.97,0:38:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like you go into
Dialogue: 0,0:38:07.65,0:38:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your own little bubble
Dialogue: 0,0:38:09.02,0:38:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it doesn't really matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.60,0:38:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody else can do their own thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:12.53,0:38:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't have to
Dialogue: 0,0:38:13.05,0:38:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,worry about that any more.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.11,0:38:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The precept is actually not to lie,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.13,0:38:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but because you are silent
Dialogue: 0,0:38:19.38,0:38:20.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what it becomes.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:20.57,0:38:23.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the positive aspect of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.84,0:38:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And think of it also... sometimes
Dialogue: 0,0:38:25.56,0:38:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people find it hard to be silent,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:27.13,0:38:28.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it should be easy enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:28.13,0:38:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's only a day and a half this retreat, but
Dialogue: 0,0:38:31.04,0:38:32.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes people find it hard
Dialogue: 0,0:38:32.55,0:38:34.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and find it oppressive.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.12,0:38:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you do find it a little bit oppressive
Dialogue: 0,0:38:36.42,0:38:39.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think of it as an act of generosity
Dialogue: 0,0:38:39.56,0:38:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the people around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:41.83,0:38:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On a retreat like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:43.49,0:38:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's always some people who
Dialogue: 0,0:38:44.74,0:38:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get nice meditation, so think,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:46.29,0:38:47.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"okay, I'm going to help you,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.55,0:38:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to do this to help
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.80,0:38:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone here, to encourage you
Dialogue: 0,0:38:51.41,0:38:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to support you
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.33,0:38:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your meditation practice."
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.77,0:38:56.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you have a positive attitude
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.17,0:38:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about silence.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:57.34,0:38:58.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes another positive thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:58.99,0:39:00.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes a gift
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.39,0:39:01.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to everyone around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:01.40,0:39:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you're kind of combining
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.46,0:39:04.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these precepts a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:04.57,0:39:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fifth precept is about
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.50,0:39:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not using drugs and alcohol.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.80,0:39:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, meditation practice is about
Dialogue: 0,0:39:10.46,0:39:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clarity, it's about presence of mind
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.80,0:39:14.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and drugs and alcohol are about
Dialogue: 0,0:39:14.56,0:39:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the exact opposite of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:17.57,0:39:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not using a high...
Dialogue: 0,0:39:21.02,0:39:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next one is {\i1}vikala bhojana{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.22,0:39:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have to get my sequence right here,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:25.38,0:39:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means not eating
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.18,0:39:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the afternoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.88,0:39:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, the idea is to move away
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.42,0:39:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from too much sensuality.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:30.35,0:39:31.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not a major issue...
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.58,0:39:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's going to be some soup,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:32.52,0:39:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that right, in the evening?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:33.74,0:39:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, you get some soup,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:34.54,0:39:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that's good,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:36.01,0:39:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that should keep you going.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.59,0:39:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we have the precept about
Dialogue: 0,0:39:41.14,0:39:43.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not using any entertainment,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:43.92,0:39:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or adornments of the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:45.74,0:39:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is another very useful one.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:47.46,0:39:49.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Entertainment is all about going out
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.09,0:39:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.26,0:39:52.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's about enjoying the senses.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:52.37,0:39:53.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what entertainment is about.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:53.96,0:39:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again we're trying to withdraw from that.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.72,0:39:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the last precept about
Dialogue: 0,0:39:58.26,0:39:59.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sleeping on a high or luxurious bed,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:59.87,0:40:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is also, of course, about the same thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:01.70,0:40:03.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about not indulging too much,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:03.30,0:40:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, you know, the beds here are fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:07.84,0:40:09.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back to the seventh one, again,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:09.20,0:40:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the seventh precept, not adorning yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:11.90,0:40:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is also one of the nice things
Dialogue: 0,0:40:13.79,0:40:15.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about going on a retreat,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:15.86,0:40:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just to have simple clothes,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:18.56,0:40:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no make-up,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.52,0:40:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no jewellery,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:20.22,0:40:22.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no trying to impress anybody
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.49,0:40:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the way you look,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:23.71,0:40:24.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or anything like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:24.95,0:40:27.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like you can become anonymous.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.18,0:40:29.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't have to worry about
Dialogue: 0,0:40:29.05,0:40:30.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these things that we're always
Dialogue: 0,0:40:30.27,0:40:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concerned about.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:31.74,0:40:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes you self-conscious,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:33.44,0:40:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you always have to worry about
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.53,0:40:36.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you look like, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:36.28,0:40:37.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here you can let go of that
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.34,0:40:39.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,self-consciousness completely,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:39.23,0:40:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can be
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.35,0:40:41.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nobody!
Dialogue: 0,0:40:42.07,0:40:43.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't that nice to be nobody?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:43.33,0:40:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We always have to try to {\i1}be{\i0} somebody.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:45.61,0:40:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We always have to try and live up to
Dialogue: 0,0:40:47.22,0:40:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our own or other people's expectations.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.71,0:40:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Always trying to be a certain person.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:52.24,0:40:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, one of the things about
Dialogue: 0,0:40:54.52,0:40:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying always to be somebody,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:56.65,0:40:58.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is this sense of self that we have
Dialogue: 0,0:40:58.85,0:40:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside of us
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.90,0:41:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always needs to be defended.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:02.52,0:41:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If somebody challenges us
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.84,0:41:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and says, "aw, okay, you are no good.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:06.94,0:41:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are you doing?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:08.12,0:41:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This isn't good enough".
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.38,0:41:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or somebody tells you
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.29,0:41:12.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're not looking your best today,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:12.43,0:41:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whatever, we feel upset.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:14.78,0:41:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the reason we feel upset
Dialogue: 0,0:41:15.73,0:41:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because our sense of self
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.54,0:41:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is challenged.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:19.01,0:41:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this sense of self is something
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.68,0:41:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that always needs to be bolstered,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.70,0:41:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always needs to be kept up.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.37,0:41:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to think, how much of the time
Dialogue: 0,0:41:26.74,0:41:28.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do we think about ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.38,0:41:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are we concerned about concerned
Dialogue: 0,0:41:29.23,0:41:30.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.35,0:41:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stupid little things, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:31.92,0:41:33.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is just life,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.01,0:41:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody is like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:34.94,0:41:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, for once, you don't have to think
Dialogue: 0,0:41:36.31,0:41:38.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about yourself any more.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.11,0:41:39.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can start to let go
Dialogue: 0,0:41:39.33,0:41:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that sense of who you are,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:40.98,0:41:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your sense of identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.52,0:41:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How you are, who you are
Dialogue: 0,0:41:44.21,0:41:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compared to other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:45.93,0:41:48.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you reduce that sense of identity
Dialogue: 0,0:41:48.34,0:41:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you find is that
Dialogue: 0,0:41:49.79,0:41:51.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you become more peaceful,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:52.34,0:41:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you don't have to think about
Dialogue: 0,0:41:54.29,0:41:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all those issues
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.11,0:41:57.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concerning yourself any more.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.09,0:41:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So reducing your sense of self
Dialogue: 0,0:41:59.56,0:42:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is actually one of the great ways
Dialogue: 0,0:42:00.85,0:42:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of starting to feel peaceful as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:04.07,0:42:05.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what you do,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:05.09,0:42:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is why adornments,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:06.23,0:42:08.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just wearing ordinary clothes
Dialogue: 0,0:42:08.41,0:42:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not adorning oneself,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:10.25,0:42:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually is a great benefit
Dialogue: 0,0:42:11.88,0:42:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a wonderful thing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:14.33,0:42:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:17.96,0:42:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those are the eight precepts
Dialogue: 0,0:42:20.72,0:42:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they give you some idea
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.38,0:42:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what right attitude means
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.60,0:42:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:25.40,0:42:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this is about right attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.98,0:42:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is one of the things
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.28,0:42:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we try to build up.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.58,0:42:34.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some very general things about
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.01,0:42:36.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right attitude that I can maybe add
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.29,0:42:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to what I've been saying before:
Dialogue: 0,0:42:38.24,0:42:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of thing things I often remind myself
Dialogue: 0,0:42:41.43,0:42:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I do my meditation practice
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.96,0:42:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that when I meditate,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:46.77,0:42:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is when I come closest
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.65,0:42:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the meaning of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:50.53,0:42:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is where I'm touching
Dialogue: 0,0:42:51.90,0:42:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what life is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:54.28,0:42:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is quite radical
Dialogue: 0,0:42:56.36,0:42:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because most people think,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:57.28,0:42:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"yeah, I'm going to meditate
Dialogue: 0,0:42:58.18,0:42:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I can improve my life,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:59.97,0:43:00.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the rest of my life
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.90,0:43:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can become better"
Dialogue: 0,0:43:02.79,0:43:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what most people think.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:03.98,0:43:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, no! It's actually the
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.67,0:43:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other way round, it's actually
Dialogue: 0,0:43:08.78,0:43:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you meditate you're getting
Dialogue: 0,0:43:10.21,0:43:12.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,closer to the very essence of the
Dialogue: 0,0:43:12.13,0:43:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,purpose of life itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.55,0:43:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is that?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.30,0:43:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason is, is because
Dialogue: 0,0:43:17.15,0:43:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.98,0:43:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you are finding is
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.32,0:43:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're finding the sort of happiness
Dialogue: 0,0:43:22.35,0:43:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're finding the sort of contentment
Dialogue: 0,0:43:24.59,0:43:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're finding the sort of satisfaction
Dialogue: 0,0:43:26.76,0:43:28.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you actually,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:28.04,0:43:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each one of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:29.22,0:43:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always is actually searching for.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:32.14,0:43:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look inside of yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:33.51,0:43:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look inside of your mind
Dialogue: 0,0:43:34.84,0:43:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will see that we are often
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.82,0:43:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run by desires, all kind of things, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:38.65,0:43:39.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the moment you wake up
Dialogue: 0,0:43:39.71,0:43:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the morning,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.29,0:43:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to choose what clothes
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.17,0:43:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to wear,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:42.12,0:43:43.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from breakfast...
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.62,0:43:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything is run by
Dialogue: 0,0:43:45.15,0:43:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,desires and cravings in our life.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.64,0:43:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those desires and cravings,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:48.96,0:43:50.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are pointing towards one thing:
Dialogue: 0,0:43:50.59,0:43:52.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want to be satisfied.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:52.86,0:43:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why you want to fulfil that craving,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:54.88,0:43:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fulfil that desire.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:56.53,0:43:57.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Except that it never happens,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:57.91,0:44:00.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the desire always comes back to us again.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.27,0:44:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then suddenly one day
Dialogue: 0,0:44:01.20,0:44:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you sit down and meditate
Dialogue: 0,0:44:02.60,0:44:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you find
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.61,0:44:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that satisfaction in meditation.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:05.82,0:44:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least a little bit more,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:07.47,0:44:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than you find it by running
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.43,0:44:09.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.32,0:44:11.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what I mean,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:11.33,0:44:12.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're actually touching here
Dialogue: 0,0:44:12.63,0:44:14.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the meaning of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:14.49,0:44:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the purpose of all the running you do
Dialogue: 0,0:44:16.84,0:44:18.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world, you find it,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.16,0:44:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find the result,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:20.46,0:44:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find what you're searching for
Dialogue: 0,0:44:22.00,0:44:23.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the meditation practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:23.77,0:44:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than by actually getting
Dialogue: 0,0:44:25.66,0:44:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the results in the world around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:28.74,0:44:29.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So {\i1}here{\i0} you are touching
Dialogue: 0,0:44:29.86,0:44:30.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the meaning of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:31.25,0:44:32.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what life is all about,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.66,0:44:34.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what you really searching for.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.51,0:44:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what you have.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:35.75,0:44:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your innermost yearning,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.26,0:44:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually comes...
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.48,0:44:43.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that yearning actually gets fulfilled
Dialogue: 0,0:44:43.41,0:44:44.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,finally when you are sitting down
Dialogue: 0,0:44:44.91,0:44:46.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and doing your meditation practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:46.47,0:44:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or rather it {\i1}can{\i0} do.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.96,0:44:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Often it doesn't happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:49.55,0:44:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it can happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:50.82,0:44:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when it happens, you think,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:51.65,0:44:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"WOW! This is really it!
Dialogue: 0,0:44:54.01,0:44:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I'm coming to what everything
Dialogue: 0,0:44:56.10,0:44:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really is all about."
Dialogue: 0,0:44:57.41,0:44:58.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is very powerful,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.82,0:45:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when you understand that,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:01.77,0:45:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you understand that
Dialogue: 0,0:45:02.72,0:45:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of sitting down and meditating
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.08,0:45:06.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then fantasize about all the things
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.75,0:45:08.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to do in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:08.22,0:45:09.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's kind of crazy, becuase now
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.80,0:45:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've got the meaning of life
Dialogue: 0,0:45:11.28,0:45:13.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so why are you going to fantasize
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.31,0:45:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about all those things that
Dialogue: 0,0:45:14.17,0:45:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have got nothing to do
Dialogue: 0,0:45:15.03,0:45:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the meaning of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:16.36,0:45:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, it should be the other
Dialogue: 0,0:45:17.09,0:45:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,way round.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:18.18,0:45:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you're running around in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.67,0:45:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in daily life, going doing this, doing that
Dialogue: 0,0:45:22.01,0:45:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you should fantasize about meditation
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.17,0:45:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:24.59,0:45:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the way it should really be,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:26.52,0:45:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you understand
Dialogue: 0,0:45:27.60,0:45:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that everything you do in your ordinary life,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:30.53,0:45:32.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if you can think about
Dialogue: 0,0:45:32.55,0:45:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your meditation practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:33.91,0:45:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it will give you
Dialogue: 0,0:45:34.92,0:45:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a guide in your ordinary life
Dialogue: 0,0:45:37.60,0:45:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to how you should behave.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.100,0:45:40.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is this going to lead to an improvement
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.85,0:45:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in meditation, which is the purpose of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:43.46,0:45:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is it not?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:44.78,0:45:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it going to lead me away,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:46.34,0:45:47.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or lead me in the right direction.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:47.79,0:45:49.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So please fantasize a bit
Dialogue: 0,0:45:49.47,0:45:51.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about meditation in ordinary life:
Dialogue: 0,0:45:51.38,0:45:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"ooh, wouldn't it be nice
Dialogue: 0,0:45:52.90,0:45:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I could now go back and
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.32,0:45:55.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be on retreat and just sit peacefully.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:55.89,0:45:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow, maybe as soon as I get a chance,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:58.76,0:46:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an opportunity I will do that."
Dialogue: 0,0:46:00.48,0:46:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then you have this guide,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.22,0:46:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to also guide you throughout life
Dialogue: 0,0:46:05.01,0:46:06.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.29,0:46:07.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So remember that,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.21,0:46:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while you're sitting here
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.82,0:46:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on this retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:09.11,0:46:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is it!
Dialogue: 0,0:46:10.09,0:46:11.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You are touching
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.34,0:46:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the meaning of life itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:12.94,0:46:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're not going to get
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.40,0:46:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any closer than this probably,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.18,0:46:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so this is your opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.75,0:46:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why waste that opportunity
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.38,0:46:20.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by thinking about
Dialogue: 0,0:46:20.57,0:46:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all kind of other stuff instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.72,0:46:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is going to be the first talk
Dialogue: 0,0:46:30.54,0:46:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the theme of this retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:33.86,0:46:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The theme is dependent origination,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:37.32,0:46:41.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as {\i1}paṭiccasamuppāda{\i0} in the Pāli language.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.11,0:46:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I thought of doing tonight,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:45.33,0:46:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is just to do a general overview.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:48.54,0:46:49.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it loud enough?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:49.32,0:46:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can everybody hear alright?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:54.11,0:46:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll just do a general overview
Dialogue: 0,0:46:56.22,0:46:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what this teaching is about
Dialogue: 0,0:46:58.21,0:46:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that we have a kind of a background.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:59.97,0:47:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we can draw out the details
Dialogue: 0,0:47:02.08,0:47:04.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the few sessions after that.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:05.72,0:47:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is going to be the main purpose
Dialogue: 0,0:47:07.25,0:47:08.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of tonight.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:09.43,0:47:10.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I said before,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.93,0:47:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have any questions this
Dialogue: 0,0:47:12.73,0:47:14.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please write them down
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.12,0:47:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and put them in the basket at the back.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:17.05,0:47:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:18.08,0:47:20.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, one of the things about
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.15,0:47:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.83,0:47:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is well known,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:24.26,0:47:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody thinks it is very profound.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:26.08,0:47:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody says,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:26.62,0:47:28.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"ooh, this is very profound stuff."
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.50,0:47:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, of course, there is a reason for that,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:30.73,0:47:32.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reason for that is that,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:32.87,0:47:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what it actually says
Dialogue: 0,0:47:34.02,0:47:35.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in one of the suttas.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:35.44,0:47:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if any of you read
Dialogue: 0,0:47:37.22,0:47:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these suttas already.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:38.98,0:47:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have, then you may have come across,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:42.02,0:47:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you probably would have come across,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:45.38,0:47:46.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way things start off
Dialogue: 0,0:47:46.69,0:47:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the sutta called the {\i1}Mahānidāna Sutta{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:47:49.50,0:47:51.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is {\i1}The Great Discourse on Causation{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:47:51.85,0:47:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found in the {\i1}Dīgha Nikāya{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:54.11,0:47:56.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In that sutta, it starts off
Dialogue: 0,0:47:56.21,0:47:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Ven. Ānanda...
Dialogue: 0,0:47:58.27,0:47:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ven. Ānanda, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:59.54,0:48:01.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the Buddha's right-hand man.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.38,0:48:02.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's always present,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:02.53,0:48:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always hearing the discourses
Dialogue: 0,0:48:04.60,0:48:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he's the one who eventually
Dialogue: 0,0:48:07.17,0:48:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes sure those discourses are
Dialogue: 0,0:48:09.10,0:48:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recorded, if you like,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:10.35,0:48:12.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recorded in memory for posterity.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:13.79,0:48:15.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says to the Buddha, he says:
Dialogue: 0,0:48:15.11,0:48:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It is wonderful and marvellous, Bhante,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:18.06,0:48:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how this dependent arising
Dialogue: 0,0:48:20.22,0:48:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[or if you like, dependent origination]
Dialogue: 0,0:48:23.32,0:48:25.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is so deep and appears so deep,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:25.74,0:48:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet to myself it seems
Dialogue: 0,0:48:27.99,0:48:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as clear as clear can be.”
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.20,0:48:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the Buddha says:
Dialogue: 0,0:48:32.95,0:48:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Do not say so, Ānanda!
Dialogue: 0,0:48:34.80,0:48:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do not say so, Ānanda!
Dialogue: 0,0:48:36.52,0:48:39.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This dependent origination, Ānanda,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:39.15,0:48:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is deep and it appears deep.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.85,0:48:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because of not understanding and
Dialogue: 0,0:48:43.60,0:48:46.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not penetrating this teaching, Ānanda,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:46.89,0:48:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this generation has become
Dialogue: 0,0:48:48.54,0:48:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a tangled skein,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:50.53,0:48:52.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a knotted ball of thread,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.81,0:48:56.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like matted rushes and reeds,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:56.89,0:48:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this generation
Dialogue: 0,0:48:58.77,0:49:01.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not pass beyond {\i1}saṃsāra{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:49:01.91,0:49:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with its plane of misery,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:03.74,0:49:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unfortunate destinations,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:05.38,0:49:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and its lower realms."
Dialogue: 0,0:49:08.95,0:49:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is where it comes from,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:11.08,0:49:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when everybody says,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:11.85,0:49:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"aw, this dependent origination is so deep".
Dialogue: 0,0:49:14.16,0:49:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is actually the
Dialogue: 0,0:49:15.06,0:49:17.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,canonical reference to that.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:17.87,0:49:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's quite interesting because Ven. Ānanda,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:20.44,0:49:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, he knew almost all the suttas,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:23.44,0:49:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the discourses of the Buddha by heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:26.72,0:49:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was also well known for
Dialogue: 0,0:49:28.05,0:49:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having become a stream enterer.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:30.20,0:49:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A stream enterer is somebody who has
Dialogue: 0,0:49:31.80,0:49:34.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,penetrated and understood the teaching
Dialogue: 0,0:49:34.43,0:49:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on their own.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.62,0:49:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was a stream enterer fairly early on
Dialogue: 0,0:49:38.52,0:49:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here is one the Buddha's
Dialogue: 0,0:49:39.58,0:49:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chief disciples
Dialogue: 0,0:49:41.02,0:49:41.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying
Dialogue: 0,0:49:42.43,0:49:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is really deep, but I understand it,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:44.78,0:49:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Buddha says,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:45.92,0:49:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be careful what you say,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:47.98,0:49:49.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't be so quick,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:49.59,0:49:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because this really is profound
Dialogue: 0,0:49:51.09,0:49:53.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it because of not understanding {\i1}this{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:49:53.54,0:49:56.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that people are stuck in {\i1}saṃsāra{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:57.93,0:49:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is fascinating. It makes us wonder,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:59.77,0:50:00.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"well, what is the chance
Dialogue: 0,0:50:00.47,0:50:02.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of {\i1}me{\i0} understanding this if Ven. Ānanda
Dialogue: 0,0:50:02.46,0:50:04.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,couldn't understand it, what is {\i1}my{\i0} hope?!
Dialogue: 0,0:50:05.88,0:50:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a fair question actually.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:07.35,0:50:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a fair question,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:08.67,0:50:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but remember the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:50:10.70,0:50:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a retreat like this is not to grasp
Dialogue: 0,0:50:13.14,0:50:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these things absolutely fully,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:15.84,0:50:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their full depth and all their details.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:18.18,0:50:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea is to get enough understanding
Dialogue: 0,0:50:20.86,0:50:23.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you are moving in the right direction.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:23.76,0:50:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the whole gist, the whole purpose
Dialogue: 0,0:50:26.30,0:50:28.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Dhamma, is always to move
Dialogue: 0,0:50:28.34,0:50:30.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the right direction.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:30.13,0:50:31.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you keep moving in the right direction,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.67,0:50:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing some meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:32.97,0:50:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing some practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:34.60,0:50:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understanding what the teachings
Dialogue: 0,0:50:36.03,0:50:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are about,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:37.08,0:50:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of these things come together,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:40.36,0:50:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one day, who knows, one day
Dialogue: 0,0:50:42.48,0:50:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you might also,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:43.25,0:50:45.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each one of us might also
Dialogue: 0,0:50:45.03,0:50:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,understand the full
Dialogue: 0,0:50:46.65,0:50:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,profundity of these teachings.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:48.62,0:50:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason why they are so profound
Dialogue: 0,0:50:50.83,0:50:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is basically, just what it says
Dialogue: 0,0:50:52.76,0:50:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the end there:
Dialogue: 0,0:50:53.86,0:50:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is because of this that people
Dialogue: 0,0:50:55.58,0:50:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't make an end of {\i1}saṃsāra{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:58.30,0:50:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that means is that
Dialogue: 0,0:50:59.85,0:51:01.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you are an {\i1}ariya{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:51:01.47,0:51:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you are a noble person,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.91,0:51:04.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who has penetrated and understood
Dialogue: 0,0:51:04.57,0:51:06.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these teachings through your own insight,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:06.66,0:51:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through your own understanding,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:08.30,0:51:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}that{\i0} is when you have that
Dialogue: 0,0:51:09.76,0:51:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full penetration.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:11.04,0:51:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Ven. Ānanda, my guess is that
Dialogue: 0,0:51:12.69,0:51:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at this point he hadn't yet
Dialogue: 0,0:51:15.42,0:51:16.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become a stream enterer,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:16.60,0:51:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe it was later on,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:18.28,0:51:20.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, the alternative is that
Dialogue: 0,0:51:20.63,0:51:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was a stream enterer,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:22.21,0:51:25.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even as a stream enterer you understand
Dialogue: 0,0:51:25.25,0:51:27.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the general principle for how it works,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:27.62,0:51:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you make not be clear
Dialogue: 0,0:51:28.94,0:51:30.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about all the details.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:30.85,0:51:33.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the things that is so
Dialogue: 0,0:51:33.22,0:51:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fascinating about this teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:34.84,0:51:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is all the {\i1}details{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:51:36.48,0:51:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the things that actually
Dialogue: 0,0:51:38.08,0:51:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come out of it once you
Dialogue: 0,0:51:39.18,0:51:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,start to investigate.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:41.02,0:51:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are so many aspects to this teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:44.38,0:51:45.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To give you some examples
Dialogue: 0,0:51:45.69,0:51:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the aspects that I'm thinking of,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.13,0:51:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:49.95,0:51:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contrary to what some people say,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:51.98,0:51:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it includes the law of {\i1}kamma{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:54.66,0:51:56.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The law of {\i1}kamma{\i0} is very central to
Dialogue: 0,0:51:56.15,0:51:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this particular teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:58.13,0:52:00.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It explains {\i1}kamma{\i0} in a very beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:52:00.74,0:52:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very meaningful way.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:02.72,0:52:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's one of the things
Dialogue: 0,0:52:03.43,0:52:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to draw out of this teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.49,0:52:06.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially if you look at
Dialogue: 0,0:52:06.75,0:52:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first three factors
Dialogue: 0,0:52:08.87,0:52:10.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the dependent arising.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:10.37,0:52:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first three factors are from...
Dialogue: 0,0:52:12.14,0:52:13.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll go through the factors latter on,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:13.100,0:52:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but from ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:17.80,0:52:19.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}saṅkhāra{\i0}, like activities,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:19.45,0:52:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and consciousness.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:20.45,0:52:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is all really about {\i1}kamma{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:52:23.26,0:52:25.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how {\i1}kamma{\i0} works.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:25.24,0:52:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very interesting to understand
Dialogue: 0,0:52:26.73,0:52:28.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how {\i1}kamma{\i0} works because
Dialogue: 0,0:52:28.16,0:52:30.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's something which is very practical,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:30.21,0:52:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something we can use in our own lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:32.68,0:52:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it brings out {\i1}kamma{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:52:34.16,0:52:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a very detailed way.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:36.93,0:52:38.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the things
Dialogue: 0,0:52:38.12,0:52:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes in so interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:40.12,0:52:41.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing, which of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:41.34,0:52:42.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes in very interesting,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:42.51,0:52:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it shows us how this {\i1}saṃsāra{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,0:52:46.08,0:52:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the process of continuous existence,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:49.60,0:52:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how it is sustained without a self in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:54.05,0:52:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the key things
Dialogue: 0,0:52:55.20,0:52:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:57.01,0:52:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it shows us how this is possible
Dialogue: 0,0:52:59.00,0:53:02.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can go on, and go on, and go on
Dialogue: 0,0:53:02.21,0:53:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keep on going, but there's no self in there
Dialogue: 0,0:53:04.40,0:53:05.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's no substance,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:05.83,0:53:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's no essence to it
Dialogue: 0,0:53:07.50,0:53:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is always present.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:10.06,0:53:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the things that
Dialogue: 0,0:53:11.23,0:53:12.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes people stop.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:13.89,0:53:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the classic counter arguments
Dialogue: 0,0:53:16.28,0:53:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the Buddha's teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:18.02,0:53:20.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against rebirth, is the idea that
Dialogue: 0,0:53:20.91,0:53:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there was rebirth
Dialogue: 0,0:53:22.36,0:53:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there must be a self in there,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:24.18,0:53:24.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and you guys,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:24.91,0:53:25.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you say you don't believe in a self
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.99,0:53:30.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you're contradicting yourself."
Dialogue: 0,0:53:30.08,0:53:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But actually, no, the point of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:53:32.91,0:53:35.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is {\i1}precisely{\i0} that such a thing as rebirth
Dialogue: 0,0:53:35.50,0:53:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can exist without a self.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:38.33,0:53:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the things that precisely
Dialogue: 0,0:53:39.74,0:53:41.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes it so profound.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:41.51,0:53:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is found in the third and the fourth
Dialogue: 0,0:53:45.32,0:53:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factor of dependent arising:
Dialogue: 0,0:53:47.59,0:53:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consciousness and
Dialogue: 0,0:53:49.60,0:53:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conditions, what is some times called
Dialogue: 0,0:53:51.80,0:53:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,name-and-form. We will discuss that term
Dialogue: 0,0:53:53.70,0:53:55.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later on, what it actually means.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:55.05,0:53:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that kind of nexus between those two,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:58.80,0:54:01.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they mutually condition each other,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:01.21,0:54:04.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows you how this thing sustains itself
Dialogue: 0,0:54:04.73,0:54:06.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without a self in there.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:06.68,0:54:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, the whole dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.64,0:54:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole chain of factors,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:10.83,0:54:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is also an example of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:13.05,0:54:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So these are two very important things,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:16.44,0:54:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crucial aspects of Buddhism which are
Dialogue: 0,0:54:18.46,0:54:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explained in detail in dependent arising.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:22.01,0:54:23.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the most important thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:23.55,0:54:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what makes dependent arising
Dialogue: 0,0:54:25.46,0:54:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so interesting,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:26.85,0:54:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the overall structure
Dialogue: 0,0:54:29.47,0:54:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows you...
Dialogue: 0,0:54:30.58,0:54:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first factor of
Dialogue: 0,0:54:31.52,0:54:32.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent arising as I said before
Dialogue: 0,0:54:32.79,0:54:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:34.28,0:54:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the last one of the 12 factors is suffering.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:39.30,0:54:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that does
Dialogue: 0,0:54:40.36,0:54:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'll talk more about that in a second -
Dialogue: 0,0:54:41.96,0:54:45.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it shows us how suffering arises
Dialogue: 0,0:54:45.34,0:54:47.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of lack of understanding,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:47.29,0:54:48.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:49.08,0:54:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is probably the main purpose
Dialogue: 0,0:54:52.11,0:54:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of dependent arising
Dialogue: 0,0:54:53.86,0:54:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why it is so powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:54:55.02,0:54:56.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it shows us that,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:56.44,0:54:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you don't understand things
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.52,0:54:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the right way,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:58.29,0:55:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to suffer.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:00.11,0:55:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you want to try to understand things
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.23,0:55:02.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the right way.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.97,0:55:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't you have a serious problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:07.28,0:55:11.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, before I go into more detail
Dialogue: 0,0:55:11.12,0:55:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about these things,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:13.06,0:55:15.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought that the mistakes that people
Dialogue: 0,0:55:15.44,0:55:17.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes do about dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:17.35,0:55:20.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they think it's a very profound teaching
Dialogue: 0,0:55:20.19,0:55:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people sometimes ask:
Dialogue: 0,0:55:21.80,0:55:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is Buddhism? Should it be considered a
Dialogue: 0,0:55:25.62,0:55:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,philosophy?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:27.04,0:55:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a religion?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:28.80,0:55:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:29.57,0:55:31.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do we make sense of Buddhism?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:31.69,0:55:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What kind of teaching is it?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:34.76,0:55:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, you can say it's just a
Dialogue: 0,0:55:36.33,0:55:37.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wisdom teaching, but that doesn't
Dialogue: 0,0:55:37.55,0:55:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really say very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:39.32,0:55:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first question I want to ask:
Dialogue: 0,0:55:41.52,0:55:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, if it is so profound,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:42.85,0:55:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could it then be said to be a philosophy?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:45.13,0:55:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that an appropriate way
Dialogue: 0,0:55:47.21,0:55:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of regarding Buddhism?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:49.04,0:55:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a philosophy or not?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:52.02,0:55:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The answer to that,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:53.24,0:55:54.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a philosophy or not,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:54.38,0:55:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the early teachings of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:57.55,0:55:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teachings that we talking about here,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:59.99,0:56:02.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ones that are found in the four {\i1}nikāyas{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:56:02.18,0:56:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not the later teachings,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:04.56,0:56:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as far as I can see,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:05.71,0:56:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are {\i1}not{\i0} a philosophy.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:07.90,0:56:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The philosophy of Buddhism
Dialogue: 0,0:56:09.31,0:56:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is something that arises later on.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:11.18,0:56:13.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0} is all about,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:13.51,0:56:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is really philosophy.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:16.87,0:56:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may have heard about very famous
Dialogue: 0,0:56:19.46,0:56:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simile of the Buddha, the Buddha is
Dialogue: 0,0:56:21.69,0:56:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the place called the Gosinga Wood
Dialogue: 0,0:56:23.99,0:56:26.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he takes a handful of leaves
Dialogue: 0,0:56:26.15,0:56:27.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he says, "these handfuls of leaves
Dialogue: 0,0:56:27.88,0:56:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have in my hand, compared to
Dialogue: 0,0:56:29.36,0:56:31.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the handfuls of leaves in the forest,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:31.78,0:56:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is more?"
Dialogue: 0,0:56:34.65,0:56:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the monks obviously say,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:35.66,0:56:37.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"the handful of leaves in your hand are few
Dialogue: 0,0:56:37.71,0:56:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ones in the forest are great
Dialogue: 0,0:56:40.38,0:56:41.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in comparison."
Dialogue: 0,0:56:41.81,0:56:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the Buddha says,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:42.89,0:56:44.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"what I have taught you
Dialogue: 0,0:56:44.99,0:56:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is comparable to the leaves in my hand,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:48.24,0:56:50.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what I know is comparable
Dialogue: 0,0:56:50.18,0:56:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to all the leaves in the forest."
Dialogue: 0,0:56:52.33,0:56:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is going on here?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:53.82,0:56:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about the rest of the stuff?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:55.14,0:56:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wouldn't you guys be interested
Dialogue: 0,0:56:56.14,0:56:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in hearing about the rest of the stuff?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:57.75,0:56:59.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the Buddha has all this knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:59.05,0:56:59.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be interesting
Dialogue: 0,0:56:59.100,0:57:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hear about all the other stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:01.66,0:57:02.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why does he only teach us
Dialogue: 0,0:57:02.53,0:57:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these little few things?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:04.50,0:57:05.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the point here,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:05.49,0:57:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember that the purpose of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:07.32,0:57:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he is a compassionate teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:57:10.23,0:57:12.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he has understood the one thing
Dialogue: 0,0:57:12.16,0:57:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody in the whole world
Dialogue: 0,0:57:14.08,0:57:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wants to know about.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:15.74,0:57:16.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has understood about
Dialogue: 0,0:57:16.58,0:57:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happiness and suffering to the core.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:18.86,0:57:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look in your heart,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:19.88,0:57:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is it that you want?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:21.02,0:57:22.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it that you yearn for?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:23.92,0:57:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are always trying to move towards
Dialogue: 0,0:57:27.08,0:57:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more contentment, more satisfaction,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.06,0:57:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more pleasure, more happiness,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:32.07,0:57:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,less depression, less sorrow,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:34.32,0:57:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,less pain.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:35.71,0:57:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody wants that.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:37.08,0:57:38.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've never met anybody who
Dialogue: 0,0:57:38.22,0:57:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wants more depression.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:39.41,0:57:41.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unless they are really messed up
Dialogue: 0,0:57:41.42,0:57:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,psychologically, possibly, but then
Dialogue: 0,0:57:43.71,0:57:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have other problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:45.25,0:57:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The point is we all want to move there.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:47.20,0:57:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha knows, "I have the answer."
Dialogue: 0,0:57:48.83,0:57:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So then he decides to teach
Dialogue: 0,0:57:52.74,0:57:54.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of compassion,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:54.14,0:57:56.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help people overcome their problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:56.55,0:57:58.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and give rise to the highest happiness.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:58.53,0:58:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what {\i1}nibbāna{\i0} is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:00.52,0:58:02.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's pragmatic!
Dialogue: 0,0:58:02.53,0:58:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The teaching is {\i1}purely pragmatic{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:04.62,0:58:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has a very clear purpose, and
Dialogue: 0,0:58:06.81,0:58:08.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't want to distract that teaching
Dialogue: 0,0:58:08.79,0:58:10.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with things that have nothing to do
Dialogue: 0,0:58:10.60,0:58:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with that pragmatic goal, which is to
Dialogue: 0,0:58:12.79,0:58:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alleviate suffering in all beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:15.65,0:58:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is why the Buddha doesn't philosophise.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:18.60,0:58:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is philosophy?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:19.56,0:58:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Philosophy is about Plato,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:23.10,0:58:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Aristotle,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:24.57,0:58:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Socrates,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:26.30,0:58:28.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we find people in the present day.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:28.31,0:58:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We find it not only in the West, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:30.04,0:58:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find it also everywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:31.73,0:58:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what the later
Dialogue: 0,0:58:32.71,0:58:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0} people did also.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:34.16,0:58:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's philosophising, it's creating,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:36.46,0:58:38.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's speculating about the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:38.99,0:58:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's based a little bit on fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:40.57,0:58:41.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you have a little bit
Dialogue: 0,0:58:41.75,0:58:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of science and put these kind of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:43.75,0:58:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a lot of philosophy is
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.28,0:58:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thinking out systems,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:47.47,0:58:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,castles in the air
Dialogue: 0,0:58:49.38,0:58:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are built up,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:50.52,0:58:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often with no foundations,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:52.74,0:58:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little bit of foundations,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:53.59,0:58:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not much.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:54.59,0:58:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what philosophy is all about.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:57.25,0:58:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha, I think he knew...
Dialogue: 0,0:58:58.67,0:58:59.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not saying the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:58:59.84,0:59:01.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would have built up anything
Dialogue: 0,0:59:01.33,0:59:03.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without foundation, on the contrary,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:03.46,0:59:05.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he probably would have good reasons
Dialogue: 0,0:59:05.37,0:59:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for saying what he would have said
Dialogue: 0,0:59:07.55,0:59:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if he had said so, but he didn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:10.79,0:59:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though he knew what he was talking
Dialogue: 0,0:59:13.18,0:59:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about, he knew that it would detract
Dialogue: 0,0:59:16.02,0:59:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the actual practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:18.17,0:59:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because, once you start to present
Dialogue: 0,0:59:20.44,0:59:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a philosophical system
Dialogue: 0,0:59:21.90,0:59:23.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a system which explains everything
Dialogue: 0,0:59:23.65,0:59:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:24.70,0:59:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's very fascinating, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:26.20,0:59:27.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just said before,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:27.63,0:59:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who of you wouldn't be interested
Dialogue: 0,0:59:29.32,0:59:30.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in hearing about all the other leaves,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:30.69,0:59:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody went,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:31.65,0:59:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"yeah, that would be exciting"
Dialogue: 0,0:59:33.30,0:59:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the same,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:34.67,0:59:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be exciting for me, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:36.08,0:59:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:37.42,0:59:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get sidetracked.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:38.88,0:59:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You start to philosophise.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:40.27,0:59:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha would've probably
Dialogue: 0,0:59:41.18,0:59:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had to spend the rest of his life
Dialogue: 0,0:59:43.47,0:59:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,answering critics, saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:46.08,0:59:47.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"well, you know, this doesn't make any sense",
Dialogue: 0,0:59:47.36,0:59:48.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"well, actually it does make sense"
Dialogue: 0,0:59:48.58,0:59:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"oh, no"
Dialogue: 0,0:59:48.98,0:59:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then back and forth,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:50.02,0:59:51.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back and forth.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:51.23,0:59:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you focus on the essentials.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:53.43,0:59:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think this is a very important point.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:56.71,0:59:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This should remind us that
Dialogue: 0,0:59:58.48,1:00:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we should really try to be
Dialogue: 0,1:00:00.42,1:00:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a similar kind of mindset,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:04.12,1:00:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we don't philosophise too much.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:06.64,1:00:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means that dependent arising itself,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:09.38,1:00:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,origination itself,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:10.74,1:00:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not really a philosophy.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:13.36,1:00:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The primary purpose of
Dialogue: 0,1:00:14.46,1:00:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination is pragmatic.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:16.85,1:00:18.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is to show us that there is a problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:18.79,1:00:20.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there is a solution to that problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:20.82,1:00:23.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to apply ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:23.27,1:00:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, it also gives
Dialogue: 0,1:00:24.39,1:00:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little bit more than that,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:25.40,1:00:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it gives a little bit of understanding
Dialogue: 0,1:00:27.08,1:00:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for how it all works,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:28.61,1:00:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which sometimes gives rise
Dialogue: 0,1:00:30.14,1:00:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to confidence and faith because
Dialogue: 0,1:00:31.56,1:00:33.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel that there is a system
Dialogue: 0,1:00:33.100,1:00:35.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is complete.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:35.47,1:00:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, essentially, it is a pragmatic thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:38.23,1:00:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is about release from suffering
Dialogue: 0,1:00:40.73,1:00:42.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a movement towards happiness,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:42.46,1:00:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and getting out of {\i1}saṃsāra{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:44.20,1:00:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the purpose of this.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:46.89,1:00:49.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Buddha didn't philosophise.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:49.84,1:00:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the thing about the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:00:52.60,1:00:54.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know what kind of ideas
Dialogue: 0,1:00:54.18,1:00:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have about the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:00:55.80,1:00:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as far as I am concerned,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:58.24,1:01:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I read Pāli,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:00.76,1:01:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have read parts of the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:01:02.67,1:01:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the whole thing
Dialogue: 0,1:01:03.35,1:01:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I find it too boring,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:04.59,1:01:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be perfectly honest with you,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:07.22,1:01:08.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I've also read the suttas,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:08.62,1:01:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pretty much everything in Pāli, and
Dialogue: 0,1:01:10.43,1:01:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in English and in other languages as well,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:13.21,1:01:15.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is very clear to me,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:15.67,1:01:17.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0} is later
Dialogue: 0,1:01:17.52,1:01:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the suttas.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:18.31,1:01:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It arose over a long period of time,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:20.68,1:01:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because this is a very complex
Dialogue: 0,1:01:22.14,1:01:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,type of literature.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:24.02,1:01:25.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It started arising
Dialogue: 0,1:01:25.03,1:01:26.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably fairly soon after the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,1:01:26.93,1:01:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and went on being developed
Dialogue: 0,1:01:28.47,1:01:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for many centuries,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:29.76,1:01:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps millennia
Dialogue: 0,1:01:30.80,1:01:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the Buddha passed away.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:34.72,1:01:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not going to go into that now,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:35.99,1:01:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you are interested
Dialogue: 0,1:01:36.62,1:01:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can ask in the Q&A,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:37.91,1:01:39.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there are many, many good reasons why
Dialogue: 0,1:01:39.77,1:01:40.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0} is not
Dialogue: 0,1:01:40.82,1:01:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the word of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:42.14,1:01:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0} is precisely
Dialogue: 0,1:01:43.68,1:01:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a philosophical system.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:46.35,1:01:46.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,1:01:46.86,1:01:49.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it is about creating
Dialogue: 0,1:01:49.32,1:01:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a system which explains the world
Dialogue: 0,1:01:51.64,1:01:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:52.94,1:01:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you have this division of
Dialogue: 0,1:01:54.09,1:01:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mind-moments, or mind-states
Dialogue: 0,1:01:58.06,1:02:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,96 {\i1}cittas{\i0}, or something like that,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:01.22,1:02:03.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you have the various
Dialogue: 0,1:02:03.04,1:02:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,types of mind-factors
Dialogue: 0,1:02:05.23,1:02:06.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the {\i1}cetasikas{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:02:06.59,1:02:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are 70 or whatever it is,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:09.10,1:02:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not even sure how many there are,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:12.01,1:02:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe it's only 40.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:13.03,1:02:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shows you how much
Dialogue: 0,1:02:13.80,1:02:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know about the {\i1}Abhidhamma{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:15.38,1:02:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then you have
Dialogue: 0,1:02:16.85,1:02:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the factors of materiality,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:19.00,1:02:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the physical world.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:20.26,1:02:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's 28, or something,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:21.52,1:02:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or 20 something. 24 perhaps.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:26.14,1:02:27.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, it's divided up
Dialogue: 0,1:02:27.94,1:02:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into all the elements of reality,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:29.98,1:02:31.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you have all these books
Dialogue: 0,1:02:31.61,1:02:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that show how these things fit together.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:33.86,1:02:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a book called the {\i1}Paṭṭhāna{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:02:35.74,1:02:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a book, basically, translated
Dialogue: 0,1:02:38.64,1:02:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into English as 'conditional relations'.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:41.31,1:02:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that book does,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:42.85,1:02:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it shows you that all of these categories
Dialogue: 0,1:02:45.22,1:02:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just talked about before,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:46.68,1:02:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how they are related to each other
Dialogue: 0,1:02:48.89,1:02:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through various causes.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:51.80,1:02:54.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,24 causes are enumerated
Dialogue: 0,1:02:54.17,1:02:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Pāli.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:55.31,1:02:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the book, the {\i1}Paṭṭhāna{\i0}, is so long
Dialogue: 0,1:02:57.75,1:02:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there are so intricacies,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:59.59,1:03:00.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so many ways these things
Dialogue: 0,1:03:00.55,1:03:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can relate to each other,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:02.54,1:03:03.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is so long that if you wrote out
Dialogue: 0,1:03:03.57,1:03:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole thing
Dialogue: 0,1:03:04.64,1:03:06.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- somebody apparently calculated this -
Dialogue: 0,1:03:06.09,1:03:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you wrote out the whole thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:07.63,1:03:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the book would be so long
Dialogue: 0,1:03:10.51,1:03:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it would stretch
Dialogue: 0,1:03:11.40,1:03:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Sydney to Melbourne,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:12.70,1:03:13.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or something like that.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:13.72,1:03:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's how big it is.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:15.53,1:03:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is thought out
Dialogue: 0,1:03:17.62,1:03:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the human mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:18.74,1:03:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what they call philosophy.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:20.72,1:03:21.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is what happened
Dialogue: 0,1:03:21.66,1:03:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later in Buddhism.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:22.89,1:03:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, the sad thing is that
Dialogue: 0,1:03:24.41,1:03:27.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you travel around the Buddhist world,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:27.17,1:03:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you find that a lot of people,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:28.68,1:03:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what their interested in.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:30.83,1:03:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's exactly why the Buddha didn't teach it.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:32.74,1:03:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He saw the attraction in that,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:34.16,1:03:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the danger in that,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:35.26,1:03:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating philosophical systems,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:37.22,1:03:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,building them up,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:38.60,1:03:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's never finished.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:40.14,1:03:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the other problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:41.38,1:03:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's always some hole in the system.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:43.71,1:03:44.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody says,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:44.19,1:03:45.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"oh, what about this?
Dialogue: 0,1:03:45.55,1:03:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You haven't thought about
Dialogue: 0,1:03:46.65,1:03:47.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this problem over here."
Dialogue: 0,1:03:47.43,1:03:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then you have to write a new
Dialogue: 0,1:03:48.86,1:03:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sub-commentary to fill in that little gap.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:51.57,1:03:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then somebody finds a hole
Dialogue: 0,1:03:52.62,1:03:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the sub-commentary and the more
Dialogue: 0,1:03:54.48,1:03:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literature you have,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:55.59,1:03:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more holes there's going to be.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:57.27,1:03:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for every book you add,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:58.74,1:04:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there going to be another whole.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:00.85,1:04:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it keeps on going like that
Dialogue: 0,1:04:01.98,1:04:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's no end.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:02.81,1:04:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the problem with philosophy,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:04.93,1:04:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it never, never stops.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:06.88,1:04:08.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Buddha, very, very wisely,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:08.100,1:04:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,skipped that whole area.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:12.40,1:04:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:04:14.20,1:04:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is {\i1}not{\i0} philosophy.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:15.74,1:04:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's pragmatic, it's practical,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:17.70,1:04:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's to be used in a practical way.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:20.28,1:04:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So please keep that in mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:21.75,1:04:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's so easy to get sidetracked
Dialogue: 0,1:04:23.16,1:04:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with philosophising.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:26.46,1:04:27.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is Buddhism?
Dialogue: 0,1:04:27.99,1:04:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe just very briefly: what it is,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:29.58,1:04:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I think it is interesting
Dialogue: 0,1:04:31.31,1:04:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just as a point of general interest.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:33.83,1:04:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a religion?
Dialogue: 0,1:04:37.16,1:04:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a religion?
Dialogue: 0,1:04:37.74,1:04:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People say,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:38.46,1:04:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"aah, yeah, maybe,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:39.57,1:04:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe not it's a religion."
Dialogue: 0,1:04:40.96,1:04:42.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's a fascinating question.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:42.94,1:04:44.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Personally, I think it's fascinating,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:44.75,1:04:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it's a religion or not.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.33,1:04:47.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously, the answer is,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:47.100,1:04:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it all depends on how
Dialogue: 0,1:04:48.97,1:04:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you define the word 'religion'.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:51.67,1:04:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I looked up the Oxford Dictionary,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:53.16,1:04:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very recently,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:54.10,1:04:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at how that defines 'religion',
Dialogue: 0,1:04:57.06,1:04:59.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it says any kind of system
Dialogue: 0,1:04:59.61,1:05:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where there is some kind of
Dialogue: 0,1:05:00.37,1:05:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,supernatural agency is a religion.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:04.47,1:05:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From that point of view,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:06.48,1:05:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is Buddhism a religion?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:08.37,1:05:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say no, it is not, because, certainly
Dialogue: 0,1:05:11.22,1:05:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from an internal point of view of Buddhism
Dialogue: 0,1:05:13.54,1:05:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything is part of nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:14.98,1:05:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing is supernatural,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:16.69,1:05:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing is outside of nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:18.81,1:05:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you go to ordinary religions,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:20.28,1:05:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like, Christianity or Islam, of course,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:23.07,1:05:24.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea is that God stands outside
Dialogue: 0,1:05:24.83,1:05:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:26.35,1:05:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why he can break all the laws of nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:28.48,1:05:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He doesn't have to care about
Dialogue: 0,1:05:29.61,1:05:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gravity or whatever.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:31.60,1:05:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He can just do whatever he wants.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:32.89,1:05:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quantum mechanics, no problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:34.66,1:05:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he can do what he likes with the world.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:38.63,1:05:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is supernatural.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:39.84,1:05:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But from a Buddhist point of view,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:41.37,1:05:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything is part of nature.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:43.25,1:05:44.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in that way,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:44.41,1:05:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buddhism is not, really, supernatural.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:46.42,1:05:49.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, if you're not a Buddhist and you say,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:49.53,1:05:51.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"aww, you guys believe in all kind
Dialogue: 0,1:05:51.06,1:05:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of weird stuff, you believe in devas,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:53.56,1:05:55.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay; supernatural."
Dialogue: 0,1:05:55.05,1:05:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So from an external point of view,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:57.00,1:05:58.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe Buddhism {\i1}is{\i0} a religion,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:58.31,1:05:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because other people might think
Dialogue: 0,1:05:59.41,1:06:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we believe in supernatural stuff.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:02.23,1:06:05.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it depends on the angle you take.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:07.71,1:06:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I must admit, I prefer to be very careful
Dialogue: 0,1:06:10.62,1:06:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when using labels like 'religion'
Dialogue: 0,1:06:12.41,1:06:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on Buddhism, because the word
Dialogue: 0,1:06:13.86,1:06:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'religion' has so much baggage,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:16.44,1:06:18.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a lot of that baggage does not
Dialogue: 0,1:06:18.53,1:06:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apply to Buddhism.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:19.96,1:06:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we are taking on this baggage
Dialogue: 0,1:06:22.36,1:06:24.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by calling ourself a religion;
Dialogue: 0,1:06:24.21,1:06:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure that is very suitable,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:26.26,1:06:27.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or very useful.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:27.22,1:06:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it's better to say,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:28.44,1:06:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"yeah, I'm not sure we're a religion,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:30.10,1:06:31.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe we're something else."
Dialogue: 0,1:06:31.47,1:06:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is that something else?
Dialogue: 0,1:06:33.73,1:06:35.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say that something else is that,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:35.84,1:06:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buddhism is essentially...
Dialogue: 0,1:06:37.84,1:06:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is maybe something I need to
Dialogue: 0,1:06:39.06,1:06:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reflect a bit more about, but
Dialogue: 0,1:06:40.43,1:06:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's really a type of psychology.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:42.56,1:06:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what I'd call Buddhism.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:44.27,1:06:45.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of Buddhism is about
Dialogue: 0,1:06:45.83,1:06:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to use the mind well,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:47.52,1:06:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to move from suffering
Dialogue: 0,1:06:50.08,1:06:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to more happiness,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:51.25,1:06:53.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to eventually end all suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:53.71,1:06:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all really mental stuff.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:55.65,1:06:57.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all about developing the mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:57.36,1:06:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing something with the mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:58.78,1:07:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a kind of psychology.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:00.37,1:07:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe not anything like
Dialogue: 0,1:07:02.35,1:07:04.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anything we have in the world
Dialogue: 0,1:07:06.73,1:07:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apart from Buddhism,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:07.89,1:07:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's different obviously, but it really is,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:10.38,1:07:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think, at the end of the day,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:11.80,1:07:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,possibly a type of psychology.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:13.59,1:07:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although, I must admit,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:14.60,1:07:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I haven't really
Dialogue: 0,1:07:16.34,1:07:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thought about that carefully enough
Dialogue: 0,1:07:17.70,1:07:21.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to really make an absolute statement
Dialogue: 0,1:07:21.05,1:07:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about that.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:23.22,1:07:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, Buddhism is a psychology,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:26.76,1:07:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, of course, that includes then
Dialogue: 0,1:07:28.32,1:07:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:31.18,1:07:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So where does this fit in to this picture
Dialogue: 0,1:07:33.91,1:07:35.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of psychology?
Dialogue: 0,1:07:35.79,1:07:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it all about?
Dialogue: 0,1:07:39.11,1:07:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dependent arising, the first thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:41.52,1:07:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, to understand about it,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:43.69,1:07:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it is an important teaching
Dialogue: 0,1:07:45.86,1:07:47.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:47.61,1:07:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you know
Dialogue: 0,1:07:48.40,1:07:50.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's an important teaching of the Buddha?
Dialogue: 0,1:07:50.35,1:07:52.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, usually, you know because
Dialogue: 0,1:07:52.29,1:07:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somebody else says so.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:53.94,1:07:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's how people often know
Dialogue: 0,1:07:54.91,1:07:56.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is an important teaching,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:56.21,1:07:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"this is important because they say
Dialogue: 0,1:07:57.57,1:07:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's an important teaching."
Dialogue: 0,1:07:58.76,1:08:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But is there any objective way
Dialogue: 0,1:08:00.85,1:08:02.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of deciding this, apart from just
Dialogue: 0,1:08:02.36,1:08:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,listening to people like me
Dialogue: 0,1:08:03.77,1:08:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying it is important?
Dialogue: 0,1:08:06.17,1:08:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The objective way of deciding
Dialogue: 0,1:08:08.25,1:08:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether a teaching is important
Dialogue: 0,1:08:10.20,1:08:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Buddhism or not, is to see how often
Dialogue: 0,1:08:12.85,1:08:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did the Buddha talk about this.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:14.98,1:08:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many different audiences?
Dialogue: 0,1:08:16.64,1:08:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many different places
Dialogue: 0,1:08:18.17,1:08:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did he give this particular teaching?
Dialogue: 0,1:08:20.20,1:08:21.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And dependent arising is one
Dialogue: 0,1:08:21.70,1:08:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of those teachings that you see
Dialogue: 0,1:08:23.10,1:08:24.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}throughout{\i0} the suttas.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:24.82,1:08:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see it in all the four {\i1}nikāyas{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:26.77,1:08:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see it in the {\i1}Majjhima Nikāya{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:28.56,1:08:29.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see it in the {\i1}Dīgha Nikāya{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:29.93,1:08:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see it in the {\i1}Aṅguttara{\i0}, in the {\i1}Saṃyutta{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:32.40,1:08:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the {\i1}Saṃyutta Nikāya{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:08:33.77,1:08:35.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is a whole section {\i1}just{\i0} about
Dialogue: 0,1:08:35.50,1:08:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:37.30,1:08:39.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how you make a decision
Dialogue: 0,1:08:39.67,1:08:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about whether a sutta is important
Dialogue: 0,1:08:41.78,1:08:42.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or not.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:43.63,1:08:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is actually a very useful tool,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:45.62,1:08:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because sometimes people say,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:46.74,1:08:48.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"ah, this is really important."
Dialogue: 0,1:08:48.10,1:08:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But why is it important?
Dialogue: 0,1:08:50.05,1:08:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I don't know, it just is important."
Dialogue: 0,1:08:51.86,1:08:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There should be some objective
Dialogue: 0,1:08:53.28,1:08:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,criteria for deciding these things.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:55.49,1:08:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dependent arising is
Dialogue: 0,1:08:56.63,1:08:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of those things.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:58.92,1:09:00.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second question is then:
Dialogue: 0,1:09:00.57,1:09:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how does it fit in with
Dialogue: 0,1:09:02.33,1:09:04.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rest of the teachings?
Dialogue: 0,1:09:04.66,1:09:05.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we need to sort of
Dialogue: 0,1:09:05.97,1:09:08.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tie it together with everything else.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:08.22,1:09:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the wonderful things
Dialogue: 0,1:09:09.68,1:09:12.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the Buddhist teaching, is that
Dialogue: 0,1:09:12.81,1:09:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it all fits together into this one picture.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:16.34,1:09:17.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's basically one picture,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:17.73,1:09:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you take out a little piece here
Dialogue: 0,1:09:19.16,1:09:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little piece there,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:19.96,1:09:21.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's almost like a jigsaw.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:21.51,1:09:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not really like a jigsaw.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:22.44,1:09:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A jigsaw is a very imperfect simile,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:25.34,1:09:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or metaphor, because really, often,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:27.64,1:09:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the different pieces they overlap,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:29.32,1:09:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or one fits into another one
Dialogue: 0,1:09:31.06,1:09:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not really quite like a jigsaw,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:33.88,1:09:36.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but still, it is an overall picture.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:36.98,1:09:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is the picture that you realise
Dialogue: 0,1:09:39.61,1:09:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you awaken to the Dhamma.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:41.62,1:09:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you, one day, become a stream enterer
Dialogue: 0,1:09:43.47,1:09:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get a flash of insight,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:45.17,1:09:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,BANG!
Dialogue: 0,1:09:46.14,1:09:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it that you see?
Dialogue: 0,1:09:47.56,1:09:48.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you see is:
Dialogue: 0,1:09:48.11,1:09:49.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the {\i1}Dīgha Nikāya{\i0}, the {\i1}Majjhima Nikāya{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:09:49.04,1:09:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the {\i1}Saṃyutta Nikāya{\i0}, the {\i1}Aṅguttara Nikāya{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:50.66,1:09:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All in one!
Dialogue: 0,1:09:51.78,1:09:53.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what you see!
Dialogue: 0,1:09:53.11,1:09:53.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Whoa{\i0}!
Dialogue: 0,1:09:53.99,1:09:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're head is going to explode!
Dialogue: 0,1:09:55.12,1:09:56.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine seeing all that is one moment.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:56.95,1:09:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the point, of course, is that
Dialogue: 0,1:09:58.52,1:10:01.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the insight is quite simple,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:01.12,1:10:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when you draw out all the implications
Dialogue: 0,1:10:03.74,1:10:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that one single insight,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:05.63,1:10:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you end up with an enormous thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:08.80,1:10:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what is so amazing.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:14.33,1:10:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dependent origination is part of that.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:17.30,1:10:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is part of that big picture,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:19.13,1:10:20.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is only one little thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:20.41,1:10:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So where does it fit in?
Dialogue: 0,1:10:23.11,1:10:25.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One easy way of understanding
Dialogue: 0,1:10:25.30,1:10:27.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it fits in is to look at
Dialogue: 0,1:10:27.33,1:10:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Four Noble Truths.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:29.95,1:10:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Noble Truth number one,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:30.73,1:10:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the truth of suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:33.42,1:10:35.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually, most people shake their head,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:35.41,1:10:37.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"okay, I'm not a Buddhist, I don't suffer."
Dialogue: 0,1:10:37.28,1:10:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is number one.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:40.36,1:10:42.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, once you get passed the first one,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:42.57,1:10:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you say, "okay, yeah, life is a bit
Dialogue: 0,1:10:44.29,1:10:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unsatisfactory sometimes, okay, fair enough."
Dialogue: 0,1:10:46.73,1:10:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once you get passed the first one,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:48.88,1:10:51.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Second Noble Truth:
Dialogue: 0,1:10:51.40,1:10:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cause of suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:53.50,1:10:56.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The cause of suffering is {\i1}taṇhā{\i0}, craving,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:56.21,1:10:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to the Second Noble Truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:59.27,1:11:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, in some suttas,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:03.31,1:11:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fact that
Dialogue: 0,1:11:04.98,1:11:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}taṇhā{\i0} leads to suffering
Dialogue: 0,1:11:06.88,1:11:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is expanded out,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:08.44,1:11:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is expanded out
Dialogue: 0,1:11:09.51,1:11:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:12.10,1:11:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dependent origination is what shows you
Dialogue: 0,1:11:14.18,1:11:15.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that suffering arises.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:15.54,1:11:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an alternative way of understanding
Dialogue: 0,1:11:18.00,1:11:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Second Noble Truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:19.88,1:11:22.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dependent origination fits,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:22.67,1:11:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}bang{\i0} in there.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:24.76,1:11:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is basically another way of speaking
Dialogue: 0,1:11:27.50,1:11:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the Second Noble Truth,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:29.72,1:11:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:31.31,1:11:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's already quite interesting
Dialogue: 0,1:11:33.24,1:11:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because normally you look at
Dialogue: 0,1:11:35.33,1:11:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Second Noble Truth,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:36.73,1:11:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,craving gives rise to suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.100,1:11:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, fine,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:41.90,1:11:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first of all maybe it's a little bit
Dialogue: 0,1:11:43.56,1:11:46.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hard to understand why that is the case,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:46.09,1:11:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so one thing that dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:11:48.46,1:11:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does, it spells out exactly why it is
Dialogue: 0,1:11:51.11,1:11:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that craving gives rise to suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:53.84,1:11:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It puts in all the little pieces in between
Dialogue: 0,1:11:56.32,1:11:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to show you how this conditionality
Dialogue: 0,1:11:58.16,1:11:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually works.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:59.88,1:12:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the first thing that's
Dialogue: 0,1:12:00.60,1:12:01.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting about it.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:01.55,1:12:02.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing is,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:02.80,1:12:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay, if craving is the cause of suffering
Dialogue: 0,1:12:07.48,1:12:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Third Noble Truth says that
Dialogue: 0,1:12:08.31,1:12:10.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you remove that craving
Dialogue: 0,1:12:10.06,1:12:11.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suffering ends.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:12.24,1:12:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, how do you get rid of craving?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:16.38,1:12:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If craving is the cause of suffering,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:17.71,1:12:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you want to get rid of craving.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:18.68,1:12:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not very obvious, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:20.45,1:12:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody has desires,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:22.12,1:12:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody has cravings in their life.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:23.89,1:12:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you get rid of that?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:25.34,1:12:26.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is the other thing that
Dialogue: 0,1:12:26.70,1:12:28.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent arising, dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:12:28.93,1:12:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows you.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:29.75,1:12:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It shows you all the links,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:31.23,1:12:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the causes that eventually
Dialogue: 0,1:12:33.73,1:12:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give rise to craving.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:35.24,1:12:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it shows you have craving
Dialogue: 0,1:12:36.62,1:12:37.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be removed.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:37.95,1:12:39.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, of course, what it does,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:40.31,1:12:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it takes it all back down to ignorance
Dialogue: 0,1:12:42.42,1:12:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was talking about before,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:43.82,1:12:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the first factor of
Dialogue: 0,1:12:45.53,1:12:47.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent arising.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:47.42,1:12:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you remove ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:48.69,1:12:49.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then everything else
Dialogue: 0,1:12:49.89,1:12:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starts to disappear.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:52.25,1:12:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Craving, and then
Dialogue: 0,1:12:53.50,1:12:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually also suffering itself.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:57.57,1:12:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it fills in the gaps.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:59.10,1:13:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes it clear what is going on.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:00.76,1:13:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the power of dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:13:02.75,1:13:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this case.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:04.15,1:13:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second thing that is fascinating
Dialogue: 0,1:13:05.80,1:13:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about this, and often you will hear
Dialogue: 0,1:13:08.04,1:13:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people argue about whether
Dialogue: 0,1:13:09.86,1:13:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination includes
Dialogue: 0,1:13:12.40,1:13:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things like rebirth.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:14.21,1:13:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it about rebirth?
Dialogue: 0,1:13:15.38,1:13:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it about one life?
Dialogue: 0,1:13:16.73,1:13:18.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it about what happens in one moment?
Dialogue: 0,1:13:18.96,1:13:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People have all these different theories
Dialogue: 0,1:13:20.22,1:13:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:21.69,1:13:23.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know about you here,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:23.82,1:13:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure what you think.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:25.80,1:13:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not going to ask you.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:28.43,1:13:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I, personally, don't have any doubt
Dialogue: 0,1:13:30.54,1:13:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it refers to rebirth.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:32.40,1:13:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rebirth process is part and parcel
Dialogue: 0,1:13:34.90,1:13:36.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of dependent origination,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:36.58,1:13:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can actually see that
Dialogue: 0,1:13:37.90,1:13:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you consider the Second Noble Truth,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:40.00,1:13:43.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or at least one hint is found right there
Dialogue: 0,1:13:43.05,1:13:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because, the Second Noble Truth says
Dialogue: 0,1:13:44.72,1:13:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is the craving that leasts to rebirth,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:48.08,1:13:50.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the source of suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:50.37,1:13:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not just any old craving,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:52.07,1:13:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's specifically called {\i1}ponobhavika{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:13:55.20,1:13:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Pono{\i0} is from {\i1}puna{\i0} which means 'again'.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:58.40,1:14:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Bhavika{\i0} means existence.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:00.32,1:14:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the craving that has to do with
Dialogue: 0,1:14:02.44,1:14:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,re-existence.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:04.37,1:14:06.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So because dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:14:06.09,1:14:08.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is just an expansion of that
Dialogue: 0,1:14:08.23,1:14:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second Noble Truth,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:09.91,1:14:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination, too,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:11.38,1:14:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has to do with rebirth
Dialogue: 0,1:14:13.86,1:14:15.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and re-existence in the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:15.68,1:14:17.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes very clear once you whack it
Dialogue: 0,1:14:17.47,1:14:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into that formula and they obviously
Dialogue: 0,1:14:20.45,1:14:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have to equate with each other,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:21.80,1:14:23.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the same thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:23.01,1:14:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it deals with rebirth.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:24.88,1:14:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's one thing I've been saying before,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:26.97,1:14:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I talked about the various
Dialogue: 0,1:14:29.56,1:14:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things that dependent origination points to
Dialogue: 0,1:14:32.50,1:14:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as {\i1}kamma{\i0} et cetera,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:33.94,1:14:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, rebirth and {\i1}kamma{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:14:35.68,1:14:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are here closely connected to each other.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:39.60,1:14:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is where it is then,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:41.79,1:14:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is part of the Second Noble Truth,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:43.71,1:14:44.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and straight away you see some
Dialogue: 0,1:14:44.99,1:14:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting things coming out,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:46.40,1:14:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just by considering that.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:48.40,1:14:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Third Noble Truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:49.67,1:14:50.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Third Noble Truth is about
Dialogue: 0,1:14:50.93,1:14:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ending of suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:53.07,1:14:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's great that there is a Third Noble Truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:54.71,1:14:56.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without that it wouldn't be so great,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:56.44,1:14:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just the cause of suffering and suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:58.62,1:14:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the third one is like,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:59.54,1:15:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,WOW!
Dialogue: 0,1:15:01.27,1:15:03.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the power of the Buddha's teaching
Dialogue: 0,1:15:03.33,1:15:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have the Third Noble Truth
Dialogue: 0,1:15:04.70,1:15:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the fourth on, of course,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:05.63,1:15:07.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the path.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:07.15,1:15:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the third one
Dialogue: 0,1:15:08.85,1:15:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows us that the cessation of suffering
Dialogue: 0,1:15:12.39,1:15:15.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes from the cessation of craving.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:15.57,1:15:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, the sequence of dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:18.67,1:15:20.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has a forward order
Dialogue: 0,1:15:20.09,1:15:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it has a reverse order.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:22.24,1:15:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here it operates in the reverse order.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:24.59,1:15:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It shows you that
Dialogue: 0,1:15:25.39,1:15:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you eliminate {\i1}avijjā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:15:27.35,1:15:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ignorance, at the bottom
Dialogue: 0,1:15:29.20,1:15:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the factors get eliminated
Dialogue: 0,1:15:30.93,1:15:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until you eliminate craving
Dialogue: 0,1:15:32.47,1:15:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then it fills in the gap
Dialogue: 0,1:15:34.09,1:15:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between craving and {\i1}dukkha{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:36.26,1:15:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of those factors get eliminated
Dialogue: 0,1:15:37.90,1:15:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and eventually suffering itself
Dialogue: 0,1:15:40.04,1:15:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gets eliminated.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:41.35,1:15:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are two ways that
Dialogue: 0,1:15:42.92,1:15:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent arising works:
Dialogue: 0,1:15:44.60,1:15:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the forward order,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:45.71,1:15:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shows you how suffering arises
Dialogue: 0,1:15:47.93,1:15:49.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reverse order,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:49.24,1:15:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shows how suffering ends
Dialogue: 0,1:15:51.05,1:15:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence of all the other
Dialogue: 0,1:15:52.62,1:15:54.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factors ending.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:55.24,1:15:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second Noble Truth and Third Noble Truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:59.48,1:16:01.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hope I'm making sense to you.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:01.58,1:16:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure how much you
Dialogue: 0,1:16:03.26,1:16:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know about these things,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:04.26,1:16:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or how much you don't.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:05.29,1:16:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I apologise if I go too fast;
Dialogue: 0,1:16:06.74,1:16:08.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just let me know later on,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:08.58,1:16:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,write a little complaint or whatever
Dialogue: 0,1:16:10.30,1:16:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'll try to go more slowly.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:12.97,1:16:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it's hard because you have
Dialogue: 0,1:16:14.74,1:16:16.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people at different stages,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:16.70,1:16:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different understandings.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:19.39,1:16:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is, then, where... now you can see
Dialogue: 0,1:16:22.64,1:16:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why it is very much a psychology.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:25.37,1:16:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all to do with craving, desires,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:28.26,1:16:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how that causes suffering in the end
Dialogue: 0,1:16:30.40,1:16:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about how it's ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:31.95,1:16:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is another mental thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:33.78,1:16:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the very beginning
Dialogue: 0,1:16:35.56,1:16:37.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which causes this whole thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:37.37,1:16:40.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It all revolves around things in our minds
Dialogue: 0,1:16:40.30,1:16:44.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the why our psyches actually work.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:49.01,1:16:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very briefly, perhaps, ignorance itself
Dialogue: 0,1:16:52.57,1:16:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though we have this whole chain
Dialogue: 0,1:16:53.85,1:16:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of things starting with
Dialogue: 0,1:16:54.98,1:16:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ignorance, what about ignorance itself?
Dialogue: 0,1:16:57.86,1:16:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where does that come from?
Dialogue: 0,1:16:59.16,1:17:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can we say anything about ignorance?
Dialogue: 0,1:17:01.59,1:17:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddhist idea is that ignorance
Dialogue: 0,1:17:03.36,1:17:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has always been there.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:04.69,1:17:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is not first cause of ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:08.03,1:17:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll talk more about this later on
Dialogue: 0,1:17:09.95,1:17:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this is one of those things
Dialogue: 0,1:17:11.07,1:17:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that always has existed
Dialogue: 0,1:17:14.39,1:17:16.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You cannot find the first cause of it.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:16.70,1:17:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not really always has existed,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:18.43,1:17:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you cannot find the first cause.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:21.81,1:17:23.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, that does not mean
Dialogue: 0,1:17:23.45,1:17:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it cannot be eliminated.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:24.38,1:17:26.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can still be eliminated, even though
Dialogue: 0,1:17:26.28,1:17:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no first cause to it.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:29.33,1:17:30.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is how it fits into
Dialogue: 0,1:17:30.90,1:17:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this big jigsaw puzzle.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:33.28,1:17:34.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's directly there.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:34.51,1:17:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Part and parcel of the
Dialogue: 0,1:17:35.74,1:17:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,second and the third Noble Truths.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:38.24,1:17:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this becomes the importance of
Dialogue: 0,1:17:41.50,1:17:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:43.89,1:17:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:45.64,1:17:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought of maybe talking,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:47.94,1:17:50.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very briefly today, just about
Dialogue: 0,1:17:50.70,1:17:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the various links of dependent origination,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:53.20,1:17:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting from the beginning and show
Dialogue: 0,1:17:55.11,1:17:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just very briefly
Dialogue: 0,1:17:55.94,1:17:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the whole system works.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:58.12,1:17:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once we have this overview,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:59.76,1:18:01.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we can start to focus in
Dialogue: 0,1:18:01.69,1:18:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the details maybe tomorrow morning.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:04.89,1:18:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's have a look at the overview
Dialogue: 0,1:18:06.72,1:18:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this whole sequence.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:09.04,1:18:12.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I said, it begins with {\i1}avijjā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:18:12.43,1:18:14.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually translated as ignorance;
Dialogue: 0,1:18:14.25,1:18:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not a good translation perhaps,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:15.80,1:18:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'll talk more about that tomorrow -
Dialogue: 0,1:18:17.16,1:18:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it ends up with {\i1}dukkha{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:20.13,1:18:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In between, you have ten other
Dialogue: 0,1:18:22.02,1:18:23.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factors in between.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:23.41,1:18:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's 12 links in dependent arising,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:26.06,1:18:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they are linked,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:28.42,1:18:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's like a pair-wise linkage.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:31.05,1:18:32.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each one of these factors is linked
Dialogue: 0,1:18:32.35,1:18:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the one which comes after it,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:34.28,1:18:35.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's a causal linkage:
Dialogue: 0,1:18:35.97,1:18:37.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thing leading to the next one,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:37.89,1:18:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leading to the next one.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:39.75,1:18:41.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first thing to understand is
Dialogue: 0,1:18:41.21,1:18:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this idea of causality that actually drives
Dialogue: 0,1:18:46.34,1:18:49.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this thing called dependent origination.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:50.69,1:18:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We start off with {\i1}avijjā{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:18:53.04,1:18:55.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the point here is that once you have {\i1}avijjā{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:18:55.83,1:18:57.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the second factor comes into effect
Dialogue: 0,1:18:57.83,1:18:59.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then third factor all the way to the
Dialogue: 0,1:18:59.89,1:19:02.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,twelfth factor which is called {\i1}dukkha{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:19:02.11,1:19:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:04.69,1:19:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The kind of causality you are talking
Dialogue: 0,1:19:06.36,1:19:08.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about here, and this is spoken about
Dialogue: 0,1:19:08.72,1:19:12.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in brief also in the suttas themselves,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:12.09,1:19:14.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a type of causality you can call
Dialogue: 0,1:19:14.49,1:19:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sufficient causality.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:16.69,1:19:18.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sufficient causality means that
Dialogue: 0,1:19:18.59,1:19:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the factor preceding another one exists,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:22.64,1:19:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the factor that comes after
Dialogue: 0,1:19:24.22,1:19:26.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,must also exist as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:26.50,1:19:28.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what it means to be sufficient.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:28.23,1:19:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, ignorance is sufficient
Dialogue: 0,1:19:30.31,1:19:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the next factor to exist.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:34.01,1:19:36.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, the next factor is sufficient for the
Dialogue: 0,1:19:36.07,1:19:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,third factor to exist, and so on
Dialogue: 0,1:19:38.78,1:19:40.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way to the last factor.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:40.80,1:19:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each one is sufficient for the following one,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:43.94,1:19:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what that means is that
Dialogue: 0,1:19:45.68,1:19:47.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:47.81,1:19:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have no choice,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:49.33,1:19:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to suffer.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:50.89,1:19:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From ignorance comes suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:54.75,1:19:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is that stupid English saying?
Dialogue: 0,1:19:56.08,1:19:57.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ignorance is bliss.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:57.42,1:19:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's completely wrong!
Dialogue: 0,1:19:59.12,1:20:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a mistake.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:00.72,1:20:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's got it completely the wrong way round,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:02.77,1:20:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ignorance is not bliss.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:04.40,1:20:05.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it is bliss, it's a very kind of
Dialogue: 0,1:20:05.79,1:20:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shallow form of stupid, silly bliss.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:07.88,1:20:11.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real problem is ignorance {\i1}must{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:20:11.95,1:20:13.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cause suffering. That's what we mean
Dialogue: 0,1:20:13.65,1:20:16.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by sufficient conditions,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:16.14,1:20:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one {\i1}must{\i0} lead to the next one,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:18.33,1:20:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one after the other.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:19.36,1:20:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have ignorance, you have to suffer.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:21.99,1:20:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's interesting, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:20:22.80,1:20:24.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means that there is only
Dialogue: 0,1:20:24.51,1:20:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one solution to this whole thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:27.58,1:20:28.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there is the other side,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:28.74,1:20:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I mentioned just before,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:30.14,1:20:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that side is that
Dialogue: 0,1:20:32.03,1:20:34.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you take away the ignorance
Dialogue: 0,1:20:34.93,1:20:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you give rise to knowledge
Dialogue: 0,1:20:36.62,1:20:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and understanding instead,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:38.43,1:20:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the second factor also disappears,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:40.97,1:20:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also ceases as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:43.37,1:20:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is another type of conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:45.19,1:20:46.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both types of conditionality
Dialogue: 0,1:20:46.64,1:20:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apply at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:48.05,1:20:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is called necessary conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:50.51,1:20:51.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sufficient conditionality
Dialogue: 0,1:20:51.53,1:20:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and necessary conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:53.49,1:20:55.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Necessary conditionality means that
Dialogue: 0,1:20:55.25,1:20:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the preceding factor is necessary
Dialogue: 0,1:20:57.87,1:21:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the subsequent factor to arise.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:01.33,1:21:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you take away {\i1}avijjā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:21:03.25,1:21:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you take away ignorance,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:04.76,1:21:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the second factor,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:05.51,1:21:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is called {\i1}saṅkhāra{\i0} in Pāli,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:08.85,1:21:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cannot exist any more,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:09.99,1:21:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it must disappear as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:12.28,1:21:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is called necessary conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:15.09,1:21:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take away the necessary cause,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:17.69,1:21:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the subsequence effect
Dialogue: 0,1:21:19.56,1:21:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also has to disappear.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:22.30,1:21:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is in brief what all of dependent arising
Dialogue: 0,1:21:26.06,1:21:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really is about.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:27.36,1:21:30.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about this interplay of these two causes:
Dialogue: 0,1:21:30.11,1:21:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sufficient causality
Dialogue: 0,1:21:31.24,1:21:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and necessary causality.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:32.96,1:21:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you understand those two causes,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:35.31,1:21:36.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's fairly straightforward.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:36.63,1:21:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you understand what's going on
Dialogue: 0,1:21:38.23,1:21:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can understand how the whole thing
Dialogue: 0,1:21:39.74,1:21:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes into being and also
Dialogue: 0,1:21:41.31,1:21:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the whole thing ceases
Dialogue: 0,1:21:43.32,1:21:45.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:47.03,1:21:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is in brief what it is,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:48.54,1:21:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not just dependent arising
Dialogue: 0,1:21:51.16,1:21:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which works like that.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:52.57,1:21:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are many things in life
Dialogue: 0,1:21:53.84,1:21:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which work on the basis of
Dialogue: 0,1:21:54.88,1:21:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,necessary and sufficient conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:59.54,1:22:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Buddhism, as well, there are other sets.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:02.26,1:22:04.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have included some of those other sets
Dialogue: 0,1:22:04.92,1:22:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in here as well.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:06.02,1:22:08.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're not called dependent origination
Dialogue: 0,1:22:08.23,1:22:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they're not the same set of 12 factors,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:10.40,1:22:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the same type of causality
Dialogue: 0,1:22:12.54,1:22:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is sometimes relevant
Dialogue: 0,1:22:13.82,1:22:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those sets as well.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:15.65,1:22:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes there are other types of
Dialogue: 0,1:22:16.80,1:22:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conditionality, which are more loose.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:18.99,1:22:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you do this, then usually you get that.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:20.98,1:22:22.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is not as strict.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:22.49,1:22:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dependent arising is a very strict kind of
Dialogue: 0,1:22:24.67,1:22:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conditionality.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:26.35,1:22:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very, very strict.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:27.24,1:22:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have that, that must follow.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:29.11,1:22:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Haven't got that, that will not follow.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:32.56,1:22:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that is the overview.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:34.87,1:22:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You get the idea of how
Dialogue: 0,1:22:36.24,1:22:37.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this process works.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:38.25,1:22:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let us briefly have a look at
Dialogue: 0,1:22:41.97,1:22:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the various factors in this chain,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:44.01,1:22:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see roughly how it works out.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:49.72,1:22:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first factor is called {\i1}avijjā{\i0} in Pāli.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:55.10,1:22:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I said, often translated as ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:57.94,1:22:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It basically means that you
Dialogue: 0,1:22:59.40,1:23:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't understand reality as it actually is.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:02.74,1:23:04.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reality is one way,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:04.41,1:23:05.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world works in one way;
Dialogue: 0,1:23:05.57,1:23:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you think it's different.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:07.42,1:23:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, what the Buddha is saying
Dialogue: 0,1:23:09.04,1:23:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we are all like that.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:10.57,1:23:11.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have this {\i1}avijjā{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:11.79,1:23:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have this blockage inside ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:15.14,1:23:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that make us not see reality
Dialogue: 0,1:23:16.86,1:23:18.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it actually is.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:18.66,1:23:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that means is that
Dialogue: 0,1:23:19.73,1:23:21.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are running around like blind people.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:21.74,1:23:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are in the dark.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:22.96,1:23:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think that we are pursuing happiness,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:25.19,1:23:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but actually, we're usually pursuing
Dialogue: 0,1:23:26.73,1:23:28.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suffering instead.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:28.45,1:23:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have got no idea what we're doing.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:30.40,1:23:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is basically what ignorance means.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:32.84,1:23:34.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we don't know what we're doing,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:34.100,1:23:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means that we start doing
Dialogue: 0,1:23:36.90,1:23:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all kind of stuff which leads
Dialogue: 0,1:23:37.92,1:23:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the wrong direction
Dialogue: 0,1:23:39.39,1:23:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is {\i1}saṅkhāra{\i0}. {\i1}Saṅkhāra{\i0} is often
Dialogue: 0,1:23:42.73,1:23:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,translated with this terrible translation...
Dialogue: 0,1:23:44.49,1:23:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is my opinion, right,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:45.97,1:23:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I apologise for anybody who
Dialogue: 0,1:23:47.53,1:23:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,likes this translation.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:50.76,1:23:52.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The usual translation is,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:52.03,1:23:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'volitional formations'.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:54.26,1:23:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least it leaves me stone cold
Dialogue: 0,1:23:56.59,1:23:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I hear 'volitional formations'.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:57.94,1:23:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't do anything for me at all.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:59.72,1:24:01.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I feel like I could be on Mars
Dialogue: 0,1:24:01.68,1:24:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I hear that translation.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:04.59,1:24:06.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people maybe it means something to,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:06.65,1:24:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I find it doesn't really grab you,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:09.57,1:24:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grab your heart when you hear that.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:11.86,1:24:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Basically, what it means is the
Dialogue: 0,1:24:13.38,1:24:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,activities of body, speech and mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:15.77,1:24:17.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The things that we do, especially
Dialogue: 0,1:24:17.93,1:24:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intentional things that we do.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:20.60,1:24:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So {\i1}saṅkhāra{\i0} can be translated...
Dialogue: 0,1:24:22.70,1:24:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll talk about it tomorrow
Dialogue: 0,1:24:24.01,1:24:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what a proper translation is,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:25.45,1:24:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I will leave it for now.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:26.76,1:24:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So because we don't understand,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:29.22,1:24:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we do all these kinds of things, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:24:31.22,1:24:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all this doing that we do,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:32.80,1:24:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from not understanding, has consequences.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:35.70,1:24:37.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the consequences it has...
Dialogue: 0,1:24:38.52,1:24:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because all the doing is based on craving,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:41.46,1:24:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's about propelling us into the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:44.96,1:24:46.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things it leads to,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:46.44,1:24:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is it always leads to rebirth.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:47.72,1:24:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quite literally,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:48.93,1:24:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always propelling ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:50.71,1:24:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,projecting ourselves into the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:53.83,1:24:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The {\i1}saṅkhāras{\i0} are always about
Dialogue: 0,1:24:55.28,1:24:57.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we want, not about now,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:57.13,1:24:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's about the future.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:58.54,1:25:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From this, we get the idea of {\i1}viññāṇa{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:00.82,1:25:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Viññāṇa{\i0}, which is consciousness,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:03.00,1:25:06.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then gets established as a consequence of that.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:06.05,1:25:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll take much more in detail
Dialogue: 0,1:25:07.13,1:25:08.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about this tomorrow.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:08.10,1:25:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is just very kind of rudimentary.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:12.99,1:25:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because {\i1}viññāṇa{\i0} is then established,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:15.81,1:25:17.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this case we're talking about
Dialogue: 0,1:25:17.08,1:25:20.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,established in a new life in particular,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:20.84,1:25:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that new life,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:22.77,1:25:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,depending on where that life is
Dialogue: 0,1:25:25.44,1:25:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll have certain experiences, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:27.34,1:25:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you get reborn as a deva, a god,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:30.30,1:25:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wow, you have these wonderful experiences,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:32.39,1:25:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so much happiness, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:25:34.04,1:25:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you get reborn as a kangaroo,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:35.78,1:25:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not so great.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:37.01,1:25:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe you think kangaroos are cute,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:38.40,1:25:39.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but actually,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:39.48,1:25:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kangaroo life is pretty miserable.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:41.12,1:25:43.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I live in the middle of the bush,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:43.40,1:25:44.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see what they are like.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:44.47,1:25:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are greedy, they are angry,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:46.37,1:25:47.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they fight over food.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:47.71,1:25:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reality of kangaroo life is pretty,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:49.64,1:25:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pretty bad.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:50.65,1:25:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you see a cute animal,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:52.73,1:25:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you see on the surface
Dialogue: 0,1:25:53.90,1:25:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is only one thing.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:55.16,1:25:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if could be worse, you could be
Dialogue: 0,1:25:56.20,1:25:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reborn as an insect.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:57.80,1:25:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine that!
Dialogue: 0,1:25:58.77,1:26:02.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whoa! You get reborn as a mosquito,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:02.51,1:26:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're flying around, find this big
Dialogue: 0,1:26:04.31,1:26:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lump of flesh in front of you and then,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:06.08,1:26:08.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smack! You get swatted because of that.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:08.84,1:26:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All you're doing is trying to get
Dialogue: 0,1:26:09.95,1:26:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some nice food, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:26:11.08,1:26:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're just doing what everybody
Dialogue: 0,1:26:12.80,1:26:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wants to do, and then that's it,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:15.69,1:26:17.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,end of story.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:17.96,1:26:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the point is that,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:19.65,1:26:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you establish consciousness
Dialogue: 0,1:26:21.69,1:26:24.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a certain place, your experience
Dialogue: 0,1:26:24.73,1:26:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the world is set within certain limits.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:27.93,1:26:29.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what {\i1}nāmarūpa{\i0} is,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:29.37,1:26:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called 'name-and-form',
Dialogue: 0,1:26:30.66,1:26:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also called 'mentality-materiality'.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:32.98,1:26:34.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all our experiences, basically,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:34.97,1:26:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they are set within certain limits.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:37.47,1:26:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we have name-and-form,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:40.36,1:26:41.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the sense basis.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:41.67,1:26:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see things, you hear,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:43.62,1:26:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you taste, you touch things
Dialogue: 0,1:26:44.95,1:26:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and through that, through the sense
Dialogue: 0,1:26:47.24,1:26:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is how we contact the world.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:50.57,1:26:51.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All our contact through the world
Dialogue: 0,1:26:51.85,1:26:53.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is through our sense.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:53.17,1:26:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see all of your, you seem me,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:54.87,1:26:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see each other,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:55.98,1:26:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we hear the sounds,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:56.98,1:26:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything is through the sense.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:58.33,1:27:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called contact in the technical term.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:01.37,1:27:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Phassa{\i0} in Pāli.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:04.18,1:27:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The previous term I forgot to say in Pāli,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:06.16,1:27:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know if you're interested,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:07.34,1:27:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's called {\i1}saḷāyatana{\i0}, the six sense bases.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:10.38,1:27:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Phassa{\i0}, contact in the world.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:13.25,1:27:15.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Phassa{\i0} leads to {\i1}vedanā{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:15.58,1:27:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Vedanā{\i0} means the feeling tone
Dialogue: 0,1:27:17.71,1:27:19.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of experience.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:19.51,1:27:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it happy?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:20.75,1:27:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it suffering?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:21.83,1:27:22.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it neutral?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:22.99,1:27:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It leads to much more.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:24.44,1:27:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Contact also leads to all kind of things.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:27.39,1:27:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see forms,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:29.26,1:27:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have volition, will,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:30.99,1:27:33.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drives in us, will in us,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:33.59,1:27:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it leads to many other things as well,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:34.74,1:27:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's interesting, the Buddha here,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:36.95,1:27:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,picks out {\i1}vedanā{\i0},
Dialogue: 0,1:27:38.89,1:27:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this idea of the feeling tone of experience.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:41.79,1:27:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He picks that out specifically
Dialogue: 0,1:27:43.69,1:27:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is much more important
Dialogue: 0,1:27:45.30,1:27:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the other ones.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:46.70,1:27:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is it so important?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:47.80,1:27:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because, it is {\i1}vedanā{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,1:27:49.22,1:27:50.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which tends to drive us.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:51.78,1:27:55.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Vedanā{\i0} decides if you like it or not.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:55.23,1:27:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't like it,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:56.12,1:27:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will want to get rid of it.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:57.57,1:27:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you like it, you will crave for it.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:00.56,1:28:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So {\i1}vedanā{\i0} makes us act.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:02.58,1:28:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The feeling tone makes us act,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:04.45,1:28:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through craving.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:05.51,1:28:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you crave and then you act
Dialogue: 0,1:28:07.30,1:28:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and part of that action is {\i1}upādāna{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:09.63,1:28:12.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}Upādāna{\i0} is how we react to craving.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:12.99,1:28:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do we do with craving in the world?
Dialogue: 0,1:28:15.60,1:28:16.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do things.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:16.62,1:28:17.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We take up things.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:17.47,1:28:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We start things.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:20.04,1:28:21.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost all the things we do
Dialogue: 0,1:28:21.94,1:28:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are, big picture things,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:23.52,1:28:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come from this idea of {\i1}upādāna{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:25.12,1:28:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking things up, almost in a
Dialogue: 0,1:28:27.55,1:28:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literal sense.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:28.64,1:28:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You take up having a job,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:32.80,1:28:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you take up hobbies,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:33.85,1:28:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you take up Buddhism,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:34.90,1:28:36.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you take up meditation.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:36.37,1:28:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You do things.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:37.50,1:28:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then because we take up
Dialogue: 0,1:28:38.50,1:28:40.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these things we live in a certain way.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:40.44,1:28:42.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called {\i1}bhava{\i0}, existence.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:42.47,1:28:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we live in a certain way,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:45.50,1:28:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our mind is kind of set in a certain way.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:48.38,1:28:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is very similar to what we were
Dialogue: 0,1:28:49.48,1:28:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking about at the beginning
Dialogue: 0,1:28:51.14,1:28:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of consciousness being established.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:53.32,1:28:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're established, through the way we exist,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:56.12,1:28:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because of that establishment
Dialogue: 0,1:28:57.61,1:29:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are reborn in accordance with that
Dialogue: 0,1:29:00.92,1:29:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,establishment later on.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:02.84,1:29:04.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because you are reborn,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:04.44,1:29:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you must die, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:29:05.64,1:29:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With birth comes all the problems.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:07.35,1:29:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With birth comes human life
Dialogue: 0,1:29:09.96,1:29:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and once you have human life
Dialogue: 0,1:29:11.07,1:29:13.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to have human experiences.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:14.59,1:29:16.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know what you human experience is,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:16.42,1:29:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's a bit of everything, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:29:18.22,1:29:19.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes you are happy,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:19.69,1:29:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and everything is great.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:20.69,1:29:22.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it's absolute misery.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:22.67,1:29:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You go through divorce,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:24.26,1:29:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get fired from your job,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:25.64,1:29:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your closest family members
Dialogue: 0,1:29:28.08,1:29:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your friends, they die,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:29.67,1:29:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you get really sick yourself,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:30.81,1:29:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whatever.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:31.82,1:29:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Life goes through all these ups and downs
Dialogue: 0,1:29:33.89,1:29:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the time, there are
Dialogue: 0,1:29:34.88,1:29:36.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so many problems there.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:37.46,1:29:38.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it is very important
Dialogue: 0,1:29:38.99,1:29:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be realistic about that.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:41.31,1:29:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes you hear people say,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:42.59,1:29:44.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"aww, yeah, in my life I won't have
Dialogue: 0,1:29:44.23,1:29:45.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any suffering."
Dialogue: 0,1:29:45.40,1:29:48.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a very shallow, to say the least,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:48.36,1:29:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shallow outlook.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:50.56,1:29:51.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You haven't really looked
Dialogue: 0,1:29:51.17,1:29:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very carefully if you think
Dialogue: 0,1:29:52.62,1:29:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have no suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:53.83,1:29:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You really haven't.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:54.74,1:29:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You, kind of say "aww, don't want to see,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:56.76,1:29:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't want to see."
Dialogue: 0,1:29:57.28,1:29:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is basically what you're saying there.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:59.79,1:30:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a monk, you could
Dialogue: 0,1:30:00.94,1:30:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,argue that my life is probably quite easy.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:03.13,1:30:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ajahn Brahma is probably
Dialogue: 0,1:30:04.83,1:30:07.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most happy person I can imagine.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:07.21,1:30:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He always is very light hearted,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:09.50,1:30:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he always jokes, he always messes around,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:12.41,1:30:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when he talks about suffering,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:14.18,1:30:15.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says, "life is suffering!
Dialogue: 0,1:30:15.46,1:30:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Life is really {\i1}dukkha{\i0}.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:16.78,1:30:17.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really, really bad."
Dialogue: 0,1:30:17.82,1:30:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's the happiest person,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:19.23,1:30:20.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so if he says it's suffering,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:20.18,1:30:22.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay, I'll believe it.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:22.68,1:30:24.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can feel it myself anyway.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:25.24,1:30:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So no problems there.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:27.41,1:30:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so that is dependent arising in brief,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:33.12,1:30:34.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just to give you an overview.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:34.52,1:30:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those are the 12 links.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:37.30,1:30:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the terms and how they all
Dialogue: 0,1:30:38.82,1:30:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connect together.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:40.40,1:30:41.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, of course,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:41.01,1:30:42.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cessation mode as well.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:42.76,1:30:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that you have the opposite happening
Dialogue: 0,1:30:44.49,1:30:46.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it ceases at the beginning,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:46.44,1:30:49.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each one of these links will cease,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:49.28,1:30:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until you get to the last one eventually.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:53.75,1:30:58.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I think I will probably stop there
Dialogue: 0,1:30:58.61,1:31:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I don't want to go into any more
Dialogue: 0,1:31:01.77,1:31:04.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,details about things at this particular point.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:04.66,1:31:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's probably lots and lots of information
Dialogue: 0,1:31:06.92,1:31:08.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for you anyway, maybe way too much.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:08.86,1:31:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've always been a bit worried about these
Dialogue: 0,1:31:09.97,1:31:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one hour talks.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:12.55,1:31:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can say {\i1}a lot{\i0} in an hour,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:14.80,1:31:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that's part of the problem.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:16.35,1:31:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyway, for tonight,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:19.87,1:31:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have a nice, good night's sleep
Dialogue: 0,1:31:21.53,1:31:23.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember that meditation
Dialogue: 0,1:31:23.03,1:31:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going on retreats is about enjoying
Dialogue: 0,1:31:25.14,1:31:27.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yourself, having a good time.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:27.03,1:31:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meditate until you feel that you are tired,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:29.89,1:31:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have a really good night's rest,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:32.08,1:31:34.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sleep as much as you like,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:34.11,1:31:35.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel is necessary,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:35.29,1:31:37.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and tomorrow you'll be clear and ready
Dialogue: 0,1:31:37.61,1:31:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for another day.