[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.88,0:00:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Design is a slippery\Nand elusive phenomenon,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.92,0:00:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has meant different\Nthings at different times.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.21,0:00:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But all truly inspiring design projects\Nhave one thing in common:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.50,0:00:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they began with a dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.68,0:00:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the bolder the dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.14,0:00:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the greater the design feat\Nthat will be required to achieve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.81,0:00:22.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is why the greatest\Ndesigners are almost always
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.72,0:00:26.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the biggest dreamers\Nand rebels and renegades.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.79,0:00:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has been the case throughout history,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.59,0:00:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way back to the year 300 BC,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.54,0:00:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a 13-year-old became the king
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.68,0:00:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a remote, very poor\Nand very small Asian country.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.48,0:00:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He dreamt of acquiring land,\Nriches and power
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.98,0:00:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through military conquest.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.68,0:00:48.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And his design skills --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.08,0:00:49.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,improbable though it sounds --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.93,0:00:52.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be essential\Nin enabling him to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.60,0:00:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.78,0:00:58.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all weapons were made by hand\Nto different specifications.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.21,0:01:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if an archer ran out\Nof arrows during a battle,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.54,0:01:05.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they wouldn't necessarily be able\Nto fire another archer's arrows
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.49,0:01:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from their bow.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.36,0:01:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This of course meant that they would\Nbe less effective in combat
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.95,0:01:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very vulnerable, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.34,0:01:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ying solved this problem
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.96,0:01:19.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by insisting that all bows and arrows\Nwere designed identically,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.08,0:01:20.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they were interchangeable.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.84,0:01:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he did the same for daggers,\Naxes, spears, shields
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.86,0:01:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every other form of weaponry.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.00,0:01:31.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His formidably equipped army\Nwon batter after battle,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.93,0:01:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and within 15 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.75,0:01:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his tiny kingdom had\Nsucceeded in conquering
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.93,0:01:39.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all its larger, richer,\Nmore powerful neighbors,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.78,0:01:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to found the mighty Chinese Empire.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.04,0:01:44.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, no one, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.59,0:01:48.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would have thought of describing\NYing Zheng as a designer at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.40,0:01:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why would they?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.63,0:01:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet he used design\Nunknowingly and instinctively
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.46,0:01:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with tremendous ingenuity
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.44,0:01:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to achieve his ends.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.63,0:02:02.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so did another equally\Nimprobable, accidental designer,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.20,0:02:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was also not above using\Nviolence to get what he wanted.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.38,0:02:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was Edward Teach, better known\Nas the British pirate, Blackbeard.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.01,0:02:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the golden age of piracy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.30,0:02:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where pirates like Teach\Nwere terrorizing the high seas.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.100,0:02:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Colonial trade was flourishing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.99,0:02:22.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and piracy was highly profitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.28,0:02:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the smarter pirates like him\Nrealized that to maximize their spoils,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.14,0:02:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they needed to attack\Ntheir enemies so brutally
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.79,0:02:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they would surrender on sight.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.61,0:02:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.78,0:02:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could take the ships\Nwithout wasting ammunition,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.35,0:02:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or incurring casualties.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.42,0:02:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Edward Teach redesigned\Nhimself as Blackbeard
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.11,0:02:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by playing the part of a merciless brute.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.79,0:02:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wore heavy jackets and big hats\Nto accentuate his height.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.84,0:02:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He grew the bushy black beard\Nthat obscured his face.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.36,0:02:56.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He slung braces of pistols\Non either shoulder.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.93,0:03:00.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He even attached matches to the brim\Nof his hat and set them alight,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.86,0:03:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they sizzled menacingly\Nwhenever his ship was poised to attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.01,0:03:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And like many pirates of that era,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.60,0:03:10.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he flew a flag that bore\Nthe macabre symbols
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.52,0:03:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a human skull\Nand a pair of crossed bones,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.00,0:03:19.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because those motifs had signified death\Nin so many cultures for centuries,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.72,0:03:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that their meaning\Nwas instantly recognizable,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.60,0:03:26.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even in the lawless, illiterate\Nworld of the high seas:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.17,0:03:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surrender or you'll suffer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.67,0:03:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So of course, all his sensible\Nvictims surrendered on sight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.65,0:03:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.00,0:03:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's easy to see why Edward Teach\Nand his fellow pirates
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.70,0:03:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be seen as pioneers\Nof modern communications design,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.20,0:03:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why their deadly symbol --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.15,0:03:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.23,0:03:47.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's more --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.41,0:03:50.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why their deadly symbol\Nof the skull and crossbones
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.42,0:03:52.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a precursor of today's logos,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.73,0:03:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather like the big red letters\Nstanding behind me,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.10,0:03:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but of course with a different message.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.30,0:03:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.33,0:04:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet design was also used to nobler ends
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.37,0:04:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by an equally brilliant and equally\Nimprobable designer,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.60,0:04:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 19th-century British nurse,\NFlorence Nightingale.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.46,0:04:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her mission was to provide\Ndecent healthcare for everyone.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.37,0:04:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nightingale was born into a rather\Ngrand, very wealthy British family,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.81,0:04:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were horrified when she volunteered\Nto work in military hospitals
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.87,0:04:25.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during the Crimean War.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.96,0:04:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once there, she swiftly realized
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.32,0:04:31.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that more patients were dying\Nof infections that they caught there,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.95,0:04:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the filthy, fetid wards,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.94,0:04:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than they were of battle wounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.72,0:04:40.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she campaigned\Nfor cleaner, lighter, airier clinics
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.03,0:04:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be designed and built.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.39,0:04:43.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back in Britain,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.60,0:04:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she mounted another campaign,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.11,0:04:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this time for civilian hospitals,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.19,0:04:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and insisted that the same design\Nprinciples were applied to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.50,0:04:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Nightingale ward, as it is called,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.27,0:04:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dominated hospital design\Nfor decades to come,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.98,0:05:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and elements of it are still used today.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.83,0:05:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But by then,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.11,0:05:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,design was seen as a tool\Nof the Industrial Age.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.16,0:05:08.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was formalized and professionalized,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.92,0:05:11.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was restricted to specific roles
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.43,0:05:14.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and generally applied in pursuit\Nof commercial goals
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.53,0:05:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than being used intuitively,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.83,0:05:21.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Florence Nightingale, Blackbeard\Nand Ying Zheng had done.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.41,0:05:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the 20th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.91,0:05:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this commercial ethos was so powerful,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.94,0:05:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that any designers who deviated from it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.49,0:05:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,risked being seen as cranks\Nor subversives.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.54,0:05:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now among them is one\Nof my great design heroes,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.38,0:05:38.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the brilliant László Moholy-Nagy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.93,0:05:41.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was the Hungarian artist and designer
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.72,0:05:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose experiments with the impact\Nof technology on daily life
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.00,0:05:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were so powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.19,0:05:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they still influence\Nthe design of the digital images
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.52,0:05:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see on our phone and computer screens.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.66,0:05:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He radicalized the Bauhaus Design\NSchool in 1920s Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.38,0:06:01.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet some of his former\Ncolleagues shunned him
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.15,0:06:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he struggled to open a new\NBauhaus in Chicago years later.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.19,0:06:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Moholy's ideas were as bold\Nand incisive as ever,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.43,0:06:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his approach to design\Nwas too experimental,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.18,0:06:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as was his insistence\Non seeing it, as he put it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.69,0:06:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an attitude, not a profession\Nto be in tune with the times.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.78,0:06:24.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sadly, the same applied
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.66,0:06:29.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to another design maverick:\NRichard Buckminster Fuller.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.17,0:06:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was yet another\Nbrilliant design visionary
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.88,0:06:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and design activist,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.32,0:06:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was completely committed\Nto designing a sustainable society
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.91,0:06:40.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in such a forward-thinking way
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.81,0:06:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he started talking about\Nthe importance of environmentalism
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.18,0:06:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in design in the 1920s.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.63,0:06:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now he, despite his efforts,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.11,0:06:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was routinely mocked as a crank\Nby many in the design establishment,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.87,0:06:56.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and admittedly,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.06,0:06:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of his experiments failed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.88,0:07:00.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the flying car\Nthat never got off the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.89,0:07:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet, the geodesic dome,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.96,0:07:06.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his design formula to build\Nan emergency shelter
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.31,0:07:08.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from scraps of wood, metal, plastic,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.02,0:07:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bits of tree, old blankets,\Nplastic sheeting --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.29,0:07:15.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just about anything\Nthat's available at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.06,0:07:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one of the greatest feats\Nof humanitarian design,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.65,0:07:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has provided sorely needed refuge
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.34,0:07:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to many, many people\Nin desperate circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.59,0:07:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever since.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.45,0:07:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it was the courage\Nand verve of radical designers
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.51,0:07:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Bucky and Moholy
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.38,0:07:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that drew me to design.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.68,0:07:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began my career as a news journalist\Nand foreign correspondent.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.74,0:07:42.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wrote about politics, economics\Nand corporate affairs,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.18,0:07:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I could have chosen\Nto specialize in any of those fields.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.03,0:07:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I picked design,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.80,0:07:51.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I believe it's one of the most\Npowerful tools at our disposal
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.53,0:07:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to improve our quality of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.76,0:07:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you, fellow TED design buffs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.36,0:08:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.04,0:08:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And greatly as I admire the achievements\Nof professional designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.48,0:08:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have been extraordinary and immense,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.10,0:08:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also believe
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.58,0:08:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that design benefits hugely\Nfrom the originality,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.10,0:08:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lateral thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.44,0:08:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the resourcefulness\Nof its rebels and renegades.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.68,0:08:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're living at a remarkable\Nmoment in design,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.65,0:08:26.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because this is a time when the two camps\Nare coming closer together.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.48,0:08:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because even very basic advances\Nin digital technology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.80,0:08:35.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have enabled them to operate\Nincreasingly independently,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.10,0:08:37.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in or out of a commercial context,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.54,0:08:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pursue ever more ambitious\Nand eclectic objectives.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.62,0:08:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in theory,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.28,0:08:49.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basic platforms like crowdfunding,\Ncloud computing, social media
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.60,0:08:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are giving greater freedom\Nto professional designers
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.06,0:08:56.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and giving more resources\Nfor the improvisational ones,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.57,0:08:57.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hopefully,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.75,0:09:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a more receptive response to their ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.67,0:09:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, some of my favorite\Nexamples of this are in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.86,0:09:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a new generation of designers
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.01,0:09:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are developing incredible\NInternet of Things technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.58,0:09:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fulfill Florence Nightingale's dream\Nof improving healthcare
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.21,0:09:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in countries where more people\Nnow have access to cell phones
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.78,0:09:20.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than to clean, running water.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.99,0:09:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And among them is Arthur Zang.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.64,0:09:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a young, Cameroonian design engineer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.54,0:09:30.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who has a adapted a tablet\Ncomputer into the Cardiopad,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.70,0:09:33.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mobile heart-monitoring device.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.15,0:09:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can be used to monitor the hearts\Nof patients in remote, rural areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.52,0:09:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The data is then sent\Non a cellular network
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.19,0:09:43.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to well-equipped hospitals\Nhundreds of miles away
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.24,0:09:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for analysis.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.44,0:09:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if any problems are spotted\Nby the specialists there,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.77,0:09:50.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a suitable course of treatment\Nis recommended.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.02,0:09:53.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this of course saves many patients
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.35,0:09:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from making long, arduous, expensive\Nand often pointless journeys
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.58,0:09:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to those hospitals,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.92,0:10:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes it much, much likelier
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.23,0:10:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that their hearts\Nwill actually be checked.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.30,0:10:08.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Arthur Zang started working\Non the Cardiopad eight years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.64,0:10:11.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in his final year at university.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.39,0:10:14.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he failed to persuade\Nany conventional sources
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.83,0:10:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give him investment to get\Nthe project off the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.28,0:10:20.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He posted the idea on Facebook,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.18,0:10:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a Cameroonian\Ngovernment official saw it
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.86,0:10:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and managed to secure\Na government grant for him.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.12,0:10:29.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's now developing\Nnot only the Cardiopad,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.18,0:10:33.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but other mobile medical devices\Nto treat different conditions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.83,0:10:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he isn't alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.50,0:10:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there are many other\Ninspiring and enterprising designers
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.45,0:10:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are also pursuing\Nextraordinary projects of their own.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.36,0:10:47.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm going to finish\Nby looking at just a few of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.93,0:10:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One is Peek Vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.21,0:10:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a group of doctors\Nand designers in Kenya,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.31,0:10:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who've developed an Internet of Things\Ntechnology of their own,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.54,0:10:59.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a portable eye examination kit.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.64,0:11:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then there's Gabriel Maher,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.58,0:11:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is developing a new design language
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.68,0:11:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to enable us to articulate the subtleties\Nof our changing gender identities,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.83,0:11:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without recourse\Nto traditional stereotypes.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.74,0:11:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these designers and many more\Nare pursuing their dreams,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.03,0:11:18.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the making the most\Nof their newfound freedom,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.68,0:11:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the discipline\Nof professional designers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.60,0:11:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the resourcefulness\Nof rebels and renegades.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.52,0:11:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we all stand to benefit.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.61,0:11:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.80,0:11:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)