[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.76,0:00:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like to try something new.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.20,0:00:04.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those of you who are able,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.76,0:00:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please stand up.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.48,0:00:11.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,OK, so I'm going to name some names.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.08,0:00:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you hear a name\Nthat you don't recognize,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.48,0:00:16.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't tell me anything about them,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.36,0:00:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you to take a seat
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.16,0:00:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stay seated.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.24,0:00:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The last person standing,\Nwe're going to see what they know. OK?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.88,0:00:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.48,0:00:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.16,0:00:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eric Garner.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.48,0:00:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mike Brown.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.16,0:00:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tamir Rice.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.76,0:00:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Freddie Gray.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.24,0:00:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those of you who are still standing,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.16,0:00:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you to turn around\Nand take a look.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.28,0:00:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd say half to most of the people\Nare still standing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.92,0:00:54.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's continue.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.64,0:00:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michelle Cusseaux.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.72,0:01:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tanisha Anderson.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.40,0:01:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Aura Rosser.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.56,0:01:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meagan Hockaday.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.76,0:01:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we look around again,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.24,0:01:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are about four people\Nstill standing,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.28,0:01:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually I'm not going\Nto put you on the spot.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.00,0:01:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just say that to encourage transparency,\Nso you can be seated.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.60,0:01:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.56,0:01:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those of you who recognized\Nthe first group of names know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.80,0:01:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these were African-Americans\Nwho have been killed by the police
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.72,0:01:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the last two and a half years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.16,0:01:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you may not know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.44,0:01:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the other list\Nis also African-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.88,0:01:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who have been killed\Nwithin the last two years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.68,0:01:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only one thing distinguishes\Nthe names that you know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.68,0:02:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the names that you don't know:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.32,0:02:03.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gender.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.72,0:02:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me first let you know\Nthat there's nothing at all distinct
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.56,0:02:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about this audience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.36,0:02:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that explains the pattern of recognition\Nthat we've just seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.20,0:02:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done this exercise\Ndozens of times around the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.72,0:02:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it to women's\Nrights organizations.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.32,0:02:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with civil rights groups.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.48,0:02:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with professors.\NI've done it with students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.48,0:02:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with psychologists.\NI've done it with sociologists.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.76,0:02:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it even with\Nprogressive members of Congress.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.28,0:02:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And everywhere, the awareness\Nof the level of police violence
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.60,0:02:42.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that black women experience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.52,0:02:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is exceedingly low.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.60,0:02:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it is surprising, isn't it,\Nthat this would be the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.20,0:02:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, there are two issues\Ninvolved here.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.24,0:02:54.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's police violence\Nagainst African-Americans,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.36,0:02:56.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's violence against women,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.44,0:02:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two issues that have been\Ntalked about a lot lately.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.12,0:03:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when we think about\Nwho is implicated by these problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.12,0:03:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we think about\Nwho is victimized by these problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.64,0:03:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the names of these black women\Nnever come to mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.68,0:03:16.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, communications experts tell us
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.44,0:03:20.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when facts do not fit\Nwith the available frames,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.92,0:03:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people have a difficult time\Nincorporating new facts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.68,0:03:27.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into their way of thinking\Nabout a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.04,0:03:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These women's names\Nhave slipped through our consciousness
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.36,0:03:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there are no frames\Nfor us to see them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.80,0:03:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no frames for us to remember them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.12,0:03:40.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no frames for us to hold them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.48,0:03:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a consequence,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.72,0:03:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reporters don't lead with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.32,0:03:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,policymakers don't think about them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.40,0:03:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and politicians aren't encouraged\Nor demanded that they speak to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.80,0:03:57.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you might ask,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.44,0:03:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why does a frame matter?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.04,0:04:00.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, after all,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.88,0:04:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an issue that affects black people\Nand an issue that affects women,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.20,0:04:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wouldn't that necessarily include\Nblack people who are women
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.28,0:04:12.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and women who are black people?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.52,0:04:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the simple answer is that this is\Na trickle-down approach to social justice,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.80,0:04:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many times it just doesn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.28,0:04:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without frames that allow us to see
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.80,0:04:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how social problems impact\Nall the members of a targeted group,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.56,0:04:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many will fall through the cracks\Nof our movements,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.80,0:04:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,left to suffer in virtual isolation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.36,0:04:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it doesn't have to be this way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.08,0:04:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many years ago, I began to use\Nthe term "intersectionality"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.24,0:04:51.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with the fact\Nthat many of our social justice problems
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.36,0:04:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like racism and sexism
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.28,0:04:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often overlapping,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.00,0:05:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating multiple levels\Nof social injustice.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.24,0:05:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the experience\Nthat gave rise to intersectionality
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.44,0:05:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was my chance encounter\Nwith a woman named Emma DeGraffenreid.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.24,0:05:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Emma DeGraffenreid\Nwas an African-American woman,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.08,0:05:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a working wife and a mother.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.80,0:05:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I actually read about Emma's story\Nfrom the pages of a legal opinion
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.24,0:05:28.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written by a judge\Nwho had dismissed Emma's claim
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.40,0:05:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of race and gender discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.52,0:05:34.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against a local car manufacturing plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.44,0:05:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Emma, like so many African-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.20,0:05:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sought better employment\Nfor her family and for others.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.00,0:05:47.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wanted to create a better life\Nfor her children and for her family.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.44,0:05:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But she applied for a job,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.68,0:05:51.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she was not hired,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.40,0:05:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she believed that she was not hired\Nbecause she was a black woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.80,0:06:00.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the judge in question\Ndismissed Emma's suit,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.44,0:06:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the argument\Nfor dismissing the suit was
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.04,0:06:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the employer\Ndid hire African-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.40,0:06:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the employer hired women.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.36,0:06:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real problem, though, that the judge\Nwas not willing to acknowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.44,0:06:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was what Emma was actually trying to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.64,0:06:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the African-Americans\Nthat were hired,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.56,0:06:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually for industrial jobs,\Nmaintenance jobs, were all men.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.32,0:06:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the women that were hired,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.24,0:06:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually for secretarial\Nor front-office work,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.88,0:06:34.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were all white.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.84,0:06:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only if the court was able to see\Nhow these policies came together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.48,0:06:43.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would he be able to see\Nthe double discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.16,0:06:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Emma DeGraffenreid was facing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.96,0:06:52.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the court refused to allow Emma\Nto put two causes of action together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.48,0:06:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tell her story
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.88,0:06:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he believed that,\Nby allowing her to do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.84,0:07:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she would be able\Nto have preferential treatment.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.80,0:07:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She would have an advantage\Nby having two swings at the bat,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.04,0:07:11.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when African-American men and white women\Nonly had one swing at the bat.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.36,0:07:17.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But of course, neither\NAfrican-American men or white women
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.48,0:07:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needed to combine a race\Nand gender discrimination claim
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.08,0:07:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tell the story of the discrimination\Nthey were experiencing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.28,0:07:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why wasn't the real unfairness
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.52,0:07:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,law's refusal to protect\NAfrican-American women
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.68,0:07:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply because their experiences\Nweren't exactly the same
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.80,0:07:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as white women and African-American men?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.28,0:07:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than broadening the frame\Nto include African-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.56,0:07:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the court simply tossed their case\Ncompletely out of court.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.08,0:07:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, as a student\Nof antidiscrimination law,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.08,0:07:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a feminist,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.56,0:08:01.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an antiracist,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.96,0:08:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was struck by this case.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.20,0:08:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It felt to me like injustice squared.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.88,0:08:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So first of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.00,0:08:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black women weren't allowed\Nto work at the plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.52,0:08:19.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second of all, the court\Ndoubled down on this exclusion
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.64,0:08:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by making it legally inconsequential.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.48,0:08:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And to boot, there was\Nno name for this problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.60,0:08:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we all know that,\Nwhere there's no name for a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.12,0:08:32.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't see a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.40,0:08:36.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you can't see a problem,\Nyou pretty much can't solve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.16,0:08:40.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many years later, I had come to recognize
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.80,0:08:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the problem that Emma was facing\Nwas a framing problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.16,0:08:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The frame that the court was using
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.12,0:08:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see gender discrimination\Nor to see race discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.12,0:08:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was partial, and it was distorting.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.00,0:09:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me, the challenge that I faced was
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.80,0:09:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to figure out whether\Nthere was an alternative narrative,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.64,0:09:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a prism that would allow us\Nto see Emma's dilemma,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.36,0:09:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a prism that would allow us\Nto rescue her from the cracks in the law,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.32,0:09:19.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would allow judges to see her story.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.00,0:09:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it occurred to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.92,0:09:27.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe a simple analogy to an intersection
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.96,0:09:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might allow judges\Nto better see Emma's dilemma.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.84,0:09:37.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we think about this intersection,\Nthe roads to the intersection would be
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.72,0:09:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way that the workforce\Nwas structured by race and by gender.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.48,0:09:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the traffic in those roads\Nwould be the hiring policies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.88,0:09:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other practices\Nthat ran through those roads.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.44,0:09:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, because Emma\Nwas both black and female,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.40,0:10:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was positioned precisely\Nwhere those roads overlapped,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.76,0:10:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experiencing the simultaneous impact
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.00,0:10:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the company's gender and race traffic.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.40,0:10:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The law -- the law is\Nlike that ambulance that shows up
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.20,0:10:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is ready to treat Emma\Nonly if it can be shown
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.64,0:10:27.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she was harmed\Non the race road or on the gender road
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.28,0:10:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not where those roads intersected.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.92,0:10:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what do you call\Nbeing impacted by multiple forces
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.20,0:10:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then abandoned to fend for yourself?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.72,0:10:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intersectionality seemed to do it for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.12,0:10:50.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would go on to learn\Nthat African-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.80,0:10:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like other women of color,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.76,0:10:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like other socially marginalized people\Nall over the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.84,0:11:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were facing all kinds\Nof dilemmas and challenges
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.84,0:11:03.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence of intersectionality,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.96,0:11:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intersections of race and gender,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.56,0:11:12.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of heterosexism, transphobia,\Nxenophobia, ableism,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.80,0:11:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of these social dynamics come together
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.40,0:11:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and create challenges\Nthat are sometimes quite unique.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.04,0:11:24.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the same way
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.88,0:11:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that intersectionality
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.20,0:11:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raised our awareness to the way\Nthat black women live their lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.28,0:11:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it also exposes the tragic circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.44,0:11:40.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under which African-American women die.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.24,0:11:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Police violence against black women
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.12,0:11:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is very real.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.08,0:11:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The level of violence\Nthat black women face
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.60,0:11:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is such that it's not surprising
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.64,0:11:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that some of them do not survive\Ntheir encounters with police.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.20,0:12:02.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black girls as young as seven,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.68,0:12:06.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,great grandmothers as old as 95
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.52,0:12:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been killed by the police.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.96,0:12:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed in their living rooms,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.76,0:12:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their bedrooms.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.80,0:12:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed in their cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.80,0:12:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed on the street.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.76,0:12:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed\Nin front of their parents
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.64,0:12:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've been killed\Nin front of their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.12,0:12:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been shot to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.08,0:12:30.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been stomped to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.96,0:12:33.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been suffocated to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.56,0:12:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been manhandled to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.52,0:12:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been tasered to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.16,0:12:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed\Nwhen they've called for help.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.56,0:12:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed when they were alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.68,0:12:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've been killed\Nwhen they were with others.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.88,0:12:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed shopping while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.52,0:12:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,driving while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.40,0:13:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having a mental disability while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.12,0:13:05.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having a domestic disturbance while black.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.20,0:13:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've even been killed\Nbeing homeless while black.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.20,0:13:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed\Ntalking on the cell phone,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.84,0:13:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,laughing with friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.24,0:13:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting in a car reported as stolen
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.32,0:13:23.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making a U-turn\Nin front of the White House
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.96,0:13:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with an infant strapped\Nin the backseat of the car.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.04,0:13:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why don't we know these stories?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.64,0:13:35.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is it that their lost lives
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.44,0:13:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't generate the same amount\Nof media attention and communal outcry
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.20,0:13:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the lost lives\Nof their fallen brothers?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.80,0:13:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's time for a change.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.04,0:13:52.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.80,0:14:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2014, the African-American\NPolicy Forum began to demand
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.20,0:14:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we "say her name"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.36,0:14:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at rallies, at protests,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.96,0:14:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at conferences, at meetings,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.64,0:14:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anywhere and everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.28,0:14:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that state violence against black bodies\Nis being discussed.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.80,0:14:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But saying her name is not enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.48,0:14:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to be willing to do more.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.08,0:14:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to be willing to bear witness,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.32,0:14:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bear witness\Nto the often painful realities
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.96,0:14:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we would just rather not confront,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.72,0:14:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the everyday violence and humiliation\Nthat many black women have had to face,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.20,0:14:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black women across color,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.60,0:14:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,age, gender expression,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.04,0:14:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sexuality and ability.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.04,0:14:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have the opportunity right now --
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.24,0:14:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bearing in mind that some of the images\Nthat I'm about to share with you
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.28,0:14:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may be triggering for some --
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.00,0:15:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to collectively bear witness\Nto some of this violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.12,0:15:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to hear the voice\Nof the phenomenal Abby Dobson.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.16,0:15:14.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as we sit with these women,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.76,0:15:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some who have experienced violence\Nand some who have not survived them,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.28,0:15:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have an opportunity
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.92,0:15:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reverse what happened\Nat the beginning of this talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.68,0:15:29.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we could not stand for these women
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.40,0:15:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we did not know their names.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.64,0:15:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So at the end of this clip,\Nthere's going to be a roll call.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.56,0:15:41.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Several black women's names will come up.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.80,0:15:47.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like those of you who are able\Nto join us in saying these names
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.76,0:15:50.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as loud as you can,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.16,0:15:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,randomly, disorderly.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.92,0:15:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's create a cacophony of sound
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.60,0:15:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to represent our intention
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.48,0:16:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hold these women up,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.32,0:16:03.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to sit with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.96,0:16:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bear witness to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.64,0:16:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bring them into the light.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.16,0:16:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Singing) Abby Dobson: Say,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.36,0:16:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.64,0:16:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.08,0:16:42.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.28,0:16:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Shelly!
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.60,0:16:45.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Kayla!
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.84,0:16:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AD: Oh,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.68,0:16:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.88,0:17:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience shouting names)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.44,0:17:09.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say, say,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.76,0:17:15.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.16,0:17:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.68,0:17:25.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For all the names
Dialogue: 0,0:17:25.56,0:17:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll never know,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.68,0:17:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.80,0:17:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KC: Aiyanna Stanley Jones,\NJanisha Fonville,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.60,0:17:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kathryn Johnston, Kayla Moore,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.96,0:17:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michelle Cusseaux, Rekia Boyd,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.84,0:17:48.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shelly Frey, Tarika, Yvette Smith.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.88,0:17:55.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AD: Say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.04,0:18:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,KC: So I said at the beginning,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.92,0:18:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we can't see a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.80,0:18:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can't fix a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.56,0:18:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Together, we've come together\Nto bear witness
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.00,0:18:14.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to these women's lost lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.16,0:18:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the time now is to move
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.64,0:18:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from mourning and grief
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.16,0:18:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to action and transformation.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.12,0:18:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is something that we can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.44,0:18:28.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's up to us.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.84,0:18:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for joining us.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.76,0:18:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.00,0:18:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)