[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.45,0:00:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Portuguese): The lovely and hospitable capital
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.96,0:00:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the state of Minas Gerais.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.39,0:00:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good afternoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.09,0:00:23.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I won't speak in Portuguese because
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.35,0:00:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't speak Portuguese.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.96,0:00:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I don't want to invent\Nthe first talk in Portuñol.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.41,0:00:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm going to speak English.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.17,0:00:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I come from Mexico.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.66,0:00:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, thirty years ago,\NI was born in Mexico City
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.82,0:00:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as you may know,\NMexico is the country where corn,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.96,0:00:57.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maize, was born centuries ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.86,0:01:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We call it the land of corn.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.97,0:01:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And actually, corn is very important\Nin our culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.90,0:01:07.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not just in our culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.01,0:01:09.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but mainly in our gastronomy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.54,0:01:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And maybe some of you have been going to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.66,0:01:15.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mexican restaurants, eating tacos, maybe.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.43,0:01:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe burritos, although burritos
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.38,0:01:20.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not really Mexican, sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.95,0:01:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they mostly use what we have here,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.46,0:01:25.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are tortillas.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.95,0:01:29.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These tortillas are made out of corn,\Nand in Mexico,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.56,0:01:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,corn consumption is quite big.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.68,0:01:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you can see there,\Nfrom the statistics from the FAO,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.34,0:01:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,per person, per year, a Mexican
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.30,0:01:40.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eats around 120 kg of corn.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.93,0:01:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it's not just important\Nin terms of the culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.84,0:01:47.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but is very important\Nin terms of nutrition.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.15,0:01:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, by knowing that,\Nwhen I was 15 years old
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.34,0:01:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I started having dreams,\Nand my dream at that stage was
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.72,0:02:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help creating an enhancement,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.10,0:02:06.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a nutritious enhancement in corn.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.13,0:02:10.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, my fellow citizens,\NMexicans that eat a lot of tortillas
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.37,0:02:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every day, like bread,\Nwill have a better nutrition, ok?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.26,0:02:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was my dream when I was 15.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.74,0:02:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I suppose people like me\Nwhen I was 15
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.60,0:02:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have a dream like that,\Nthe first thing you start to do
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.83,0:02:29.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to decide to study science,\Nengineering,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.12,0:02:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that's what I did.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.53,0:02:34.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So step by step I started\Nstudying biochemical engineering,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.93,0:02:39.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,graduated, and quite fast,\Nat the age of 23,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.23,0:02:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was already working\Nas a research associate
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.01,0:02:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the University of Canterbury
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.74,0:02:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Biological Science Department.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.96,0:02:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I quickly started to participate in projects
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.51,0:02:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,related to research\Non biotechnology, which made sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.58,0:03:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I come back to my previous dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.25,0:03:14.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I don't know, if you think\Na lot about inflexions in life,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.18,0:03:19.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those moments that suddenly\Nchange the direction,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.04,0:03:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the current trend of your life,\Nand transforming
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.99,0:03:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all deviating into a new one.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.39,0:03:27.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To me, this happened in 2005.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.81,0:03:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2005 I had the opportunity\Nto go to the Solomon Islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.58,0:03:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don’t know if many of you\Nknow the Solomon Islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.66,0:03:41.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the Solomon Islands\Nis actually a country,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.99,0:03:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is situated in the Pacific.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.06,0:03:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is part of the Pacific Islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.43,0:03:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this is a picture\Nthat I took from the plane,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.26,0:03:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what it looks like.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.68,0:03:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a very interesting place\Nwith the highest concentration
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.26,0:04:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of ethnicities and languages in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.76,0:04:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And despite of all of that\Nwe don’t know it too much.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.38,0:04:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We actually know more\Nabout the Solomon Islands
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.76,0:04:09.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because this was the place\Nwhere lots of the navel battles
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.43,0:04:12.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during the Second World War happened
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.66,0:04:15.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and lots of divers go, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.13,0:04:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not many other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.33,0:04:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I was actually invited there\Nby a conservation biologist
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.90,0:04:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Solomon’s\Ncalled Patrick Pikacha.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.50,0:04:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He brought me to an island\Nthat is called Choiseul Island,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.54,0:04:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which it is in the Solomon Islands\Nbut it is next to the border
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.49,0:04:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Papua New Guinea,\Nand this is how it looks.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.14,0:04:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very beautiful\Nand it will probably look like
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.56,0:04:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some other places here also in Brazil.\N
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.59,0:04:44.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we went there\Nbecause Patrick was doing some work,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.85,0:04:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to monitor a native species,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.35,0:04:50.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in particular he likes to study frogs.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.18,0:04:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I don’t know why,\Nbut scientists like him,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.46,0:04:57.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biologists, like to work\Nat night, maybe because frogs
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.85,0:05:00.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually go out at night
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.91,0:05:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like some people here\Nalso in Brazil, and Latin America.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.60,0:05:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, just like frogs, we had to go\Noutside at night,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.93,0:05:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Patrick, and we were looking\Nfor these frogs
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.68,0:05:17.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just after 30 seconds\Nof getting out of the field station,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.89,0:05:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I realized that this was\Nnot my environment, completely.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.29,0:05:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was completely blind.\NImagine this dark to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.73,0:05:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was completely like a blind man.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.67,0:05:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I already wear glasses.\NImagine me in here.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.72,0:05:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I am very used to cities,\Nfor example,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.89,0:05:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not really this kind of environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.88,0:05:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was even more interesting,\Nmy experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.21,0:05:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I started to see that Patrick\Nwas using his lantern on the river,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.62,0:05:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting to spot some\Nof the different frogs.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.23,0:05:48.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me, it was completely invisible.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.60,0:05:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the most interesting thing here,\Nis that the boy,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.26,0:05:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teenager that was leading\Nthe expedition,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.29,0:05:59.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was actually spotting\Nthe place where organisms
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.60,0:06:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were going to appear,\Neven before the expert,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.44,0:06:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even before Patrick.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.70,0:06:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at that moment I started to realize
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.00,0:06:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that something interesting was happening,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.47,0:06:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I started to look on\Nhow this non-expert, this teenager,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.61,0:06:17.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had a different sight, definitely,\Ncompared to mine,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.85,0:06:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also different from\Nthe real expert, from Patrick.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.95,0:06:25.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the Solomon Islands\Ndo not only have a forest,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.89,0:06:28.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they also have cities.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.12,0:06:31.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the city of Honiara,\Nwhich is the capital,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.51,0:06:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we and some colleagues\Nfrom the University of Canterbury,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.66,0:06:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like professor Jack Hyneman,\Nmy friend and colleague
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.04,0:06:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Solomon Islands Paul Roughan,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.97,0:06:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,started to organize some
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.55,0:06:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capacity building initiatives\Nto discuss biotechnology
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.64,0:06:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Solomon Islands\Nand discuss biology in general.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.10,0:06:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The person you see here is Naneth Tutua.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.48,0:06:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She is a business woman\Nfrom the Solomon Islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.59,0:07:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What she is [holding] there\Nis a DNA extraction
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.56,0:07:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a papaya.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.85,0:07:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was able to visualize DNA.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.18,0:07:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how did this happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.63,0:07:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because Solomon Islands is considered
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.76,0:07:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the least developed places\Nin the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.74,0:07:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there are no real laboratories\Nfor molecular biology there.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.18,0:07:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what we had to do is to improvise.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.93,0:07:26.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To do a different kind\Nof experiment in order to extract DNA
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.51,0:07:31.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so, Ms. Naneth\Ncould see what DNA looks like,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.85,0:07:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by looking at this,\Nshe was able to demystify DNA.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.16,0:07:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And DNA was just not something
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.73,0:07:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is abstract\Nand she cannot understand,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.73,0:07:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this time she was able to see it,\Nunderstand it,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.54,0:07:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when someone wants\Nto talk about biotechnology,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.18,0:07:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she has somehow,\Nsome confidence to talk about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.71,0:07:55.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She seems quite proud\Nof doing her extraction.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.76,0:07:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And naturally, DNA extractions,\NI don’t know if you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.74,0:08:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but are quite easy to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.52,0:08:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You just need salt,\Ndetergent and alcohol.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.16,0:08:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I started to use\Nthese three ingredients,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.92,0:08:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put it in my bag\Nand started to travel around,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.10,0:08:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing exactly what we did\Nin the Solomon’s,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.68,0:08:15.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,repeating the experience, bringing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.63,0:08:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the demystification of DNA.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.92,0:08:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This happens in different places\Nof the world
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.64,0:08:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but definitely my\Nmost important experience
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.76,0:08:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was when last November,\Na DNA extraction was featured
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.05,0:08:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a Chilean soap opera\Ncalled Decibel 110.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.96,0:08:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A low cost kitchen DNA extraction
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.19,0:08:45.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was part of this meet-up\Nbetween Francisco
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.57,0:08:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his prohibited love, Cindy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.89,0:08:55.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We didn’t stop at the DNA extraction,\Nwe suddenly started to play also
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.48,0:08:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with instruments of molecular biology.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.10,0:09:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here you have some pictures of workshops
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.98,0:09:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we’ve performed\Nin Philippines, where we actually
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.81,0:09:06.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,started to develop basic\Nmolecular lab equipment,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.51,0:09:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you can see there,\Nit looks quite basic,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.78,0:09:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's actually\Nsome of the equipment
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.62,0:09:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is mostly used in laboratories.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.23,0:09:22.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, once I started to build up\Nthis kind of motion
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.51,0:09:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instrument and trying to work out
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.33,0:09:30.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with these local's technology,\Nand the demystification
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.04,0:09:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with all those travels,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.64,0:09:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I suddenly found myself in West Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.55,0:09:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And West Africa was also\Nan inflexion point for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.74,0:09:41.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason for that,\Nis that in West Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.42,0:09:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I found for the first time\Na hub of people
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.06,0:09:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were thinking a bit like me.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.35,0:09:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That were asking questions\Nabout the experts,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.06,0:09:54.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were asking questions\Nabout technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.73,0:09:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What kind of technology?\NFor whom?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.10,0:09:58.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were asking questions about
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.87,0:10:01.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what Africa can bring to the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.71,0:10:04.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The interesting thing here,\Nis that they were
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.02,0:10:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mainly social scientists,\Nbut also farmers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.48,0:10:11.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and artists, talking about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.43,0:10:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we decided to stay more,\Nand I’ve been going
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.82,0:10:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to West Africa every year since 2007.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.22,0:10:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the basic question of it,\Nis based on this picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.18,0:10:26.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you can see we have a plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.01,0:10:29.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A plane represents technology, I think,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.13,0:10:32.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as we can agree,\Nplanes have changed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.37,0:10:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way we move,\Nthe way we communicate,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.26,0:10:37.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also the way diseases are transmitted
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.68,0:10:39.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also passed.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.43,0:10:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what is important here\Nis not just to look at the technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.60,0:10:45.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but to look at the context surrounding it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.01,0:10:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And maybe for some of you\Nthis will look quite nice.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.45,0:10:52.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me, it allows me to make\Nthe questions about
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.85,0:10:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is the context about.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.63,0:10:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What this technology\Ncan offer to the context?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.60,0:11:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Does this technology fit into the context?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.66,0:11:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And those were the questions used
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.17,0:11:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a base for our documentary:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.68,0:11:09.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.82,0:11:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Video) Man (French): If science say so,\Nit counts as "the gospel".
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.00,0:11:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Science is made by man.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.28,0:11:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Science must be made by man
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.66,0:11:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for man.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.36,0:11:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Woman: Why do we do research?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.30,0:11:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who does the research?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.10,0:11:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For what purpose?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.20,0:11:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Man: And the specialists hide
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.52,0:11:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their offices, in their sects,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.84,0:11:40.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to decide for everybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.08,0:11:43.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Man: To create an agricultural policy,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.28,0:11:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without the farmers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.38,0:11:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means that we are not discussing\Nagriculture.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.46,0:11:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Man: The farmer needs to consider himself\Nas a researcher
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.29,0:11:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as someone who works in a laboratory.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.21,0:11:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Woman: It is not enough to research\Ninside a laboratory.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.02,0:11:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Man: Today, we will extract DNA\Nfrom plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.22,0:12:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Woman: Is not enough to do research\Ninside an institution.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.74,0:12:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Man: We will use some salt,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.47,0:12:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some detergent,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.21,0:12:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have alcohol and test tubes.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.80,0:12:10.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are able to extract DNA.\NWe saw it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.26,0:12:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I saw the DNA,\Nour friends saw the DNA.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.73,0:12:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without any electron\Nor optical microscope.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.48,0:12:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Woman: We have to deinstitutionalize\Nthe research!
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.31,0:12:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Camilo Rodriguez-Beltran: So,\Nthis is just a fragment of the documentary
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.99,0:12:27.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Autrement” (“Differently”),\Nthat we did in West Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.17,0:12:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, as you can see,\Nit just raises questions
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.26,0:12:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about technology, science,\Nbut based on the context in West Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.98,0:12:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as you can see there is\Nan empowerment of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.99,0:12:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a message that Africans\Nwant to say
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.46,0:12:41.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about what they can offer.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.20,0:12:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, after building kind of a boat,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.97,0:12:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with instruments and methods,\Nwe started to use them
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.50,0:12:51.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in different parts of the globe,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.43,0:12:54.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then I decided also to observe. \N
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.38,0:12:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this comes from\Na so called expert that is known
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.82,0:13:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now to talk about the non-experts.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.93,0:13:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually the non-experts\Nare kind of invisible
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.16,0:13:11.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this generation of knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.23,0:13:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mostly, non experts are consumers or users
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.68,0:13:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of knowledge, of technology, of science.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.00,0:13:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have had several\Ntechnological revolutions
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.93,0:13:27.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting with Information Technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.71,0:13:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting also in agriculture,\Nlots of technical revolutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.68,0:13:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But most of the people in the world,\Nand I'm talking here also of countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.70,0:13:39.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been mostly consumers and users.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.79,0:13:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a list of the technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.23,0:13:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Peter Diamandis,\Nfrom Singularity University,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.40,0:13:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proposed at the last TED.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.97,0:13:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This list, which is quite interesting,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.93,0:13:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he proposes are the technologies\Nthat will change
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.20,0:14:00.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that are already changing the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.54,0:14:03.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And among these technologies,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.29,0:14:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he also talks about the crowd,\Nand the power of the crowd.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.62,0:14:11.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He actually introduced the term\Ncyber citizens,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.56,0:14:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are normal citizens,\Npeople like us,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.62,0:14:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that participate via online,\Nand in his example,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.50,0:14:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was in a game of folding proteins.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.10,0:14:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only for the pleasure\Nof playing a game
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.77,0:14:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but actually to solve medical problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.44,0:14:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is where we are now,\Nin a world where
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.98,0:14:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the non experts are not just\Nconsumers and users,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.35,0:14:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they are transforming\Nthemselves into contributors.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.35,0:14:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We heard today,\Nthis morning, a very good example of it
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.97,0:14:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happening here, in the Amazon.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.96,0:14:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But some of these are also\Nwhat we call the Crowd-X,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.89,0:14:54.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or crowdsourcing, or crowdfunding.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.03,0:14:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A very good example is Wikipedia.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.77,0:14:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wikipedia is a contribution\Nof the non-experts.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.97,0:15:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we have lots of examples like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.67,0:15:05.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The citizen science, the bio-hackers,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.34,0:15:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is happening right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.39,0:15:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Who is changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.14,0:15:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The non-experts are contributing right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.52,0:15:14.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, I am here to propose
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.56,0:15:18.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something more radical,\Nthan just being contributors.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.19,0:15:23.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want also to raise questions\Nregarding the What.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.39,0:15:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What kind of technology?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.39,0:15:29.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that the only list of technologies\Nthat will shape the future?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.67,0:15:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don’t think so.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.31,0:15:33.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don’t think there is only\None way to see
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.67,0:15:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how we're going to develop\Nourselves into the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.90,0:15:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I actually think that we need more\Nand we have more.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.76,0:15:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need knowledge that starts to develop
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.56,0:15:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the context, context-based.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.56,0:15:49.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We heard some examples from West Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.53,0:15:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Solomon's.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.64,0:15:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those are different contexts\Nand they can develop
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.95,0:15:56.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new ways to see generation of knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.86,0:16:00.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We probably need to unlabel,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.68,0:16:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to say: science is just this,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.14,0:16:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you start to bring some\Nart into this,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.60,0:16:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it's not science,\Nyou can't talk about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.06,0:16:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we have to start unlabeling things.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.11,0:16:13.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, in our documentary,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.53,0:16:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we talk about science and development
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.96,0:16:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we use contemporary African dance\Nto talk about that, why?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.46,0:16:22.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because if you talk\Nabout contemporary dance in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.82,0:16:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things make sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.70,0:16:29.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don’t use the culture,\Nthings do not make sense.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.16,0:16:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is important to work out\Nin the demystification,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.03,0:16:37.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the democratization, decentralization.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.67,0:16:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we can have very good examples\Nfor research
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.74,0:16:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming from these places.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.01,0:16:47.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solomon Islands,\Nthis tiny archipelago, could become,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.44,0:16:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example, the best observatory,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.74,0:16:52.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,monitoring of global changes in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:52.61,0:16:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these could be\Nthe new research centers
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.70,0:16:57.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happening around the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.82,0:17:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe these are the new contributors.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.61,0:17:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I actually believe that we have passed
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.73,0:17:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the technological revolution to,\Nright now,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.70,0:17:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a crowd revolution,\Nbut we need something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.70,0:17:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need a humble revolution.\NWe need humbleness.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.74,0:17:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to reduce our ego.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.01,0:17:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who consider themselves specialists,\Nor experts,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.44,0:17:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to reduce the ego.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.25,0:17:28.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once we reduce the ego,\Nwe are able to identify
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.03,0:17:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the potential among our peers,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.01,0:17:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among those that we call the non-experts.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.09,0:17:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, by doing that,\Nwe will be able to start new directions.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:39.86,0:17:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,New directions for science, for technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.61,0:17:47.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can call it the way you want.\N
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.86,0:17:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will just finish with this slide,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.31,0:17:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which to me represents empowerment,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.27,0:17:57.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I am here,\Nstanding in front of you,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.03,0:18:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that dream that I had\Nwhen I was 15 years old,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.74,0:18:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to remember,\Nthat dream has changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.42,0:18:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That dream has actually expanded.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.36,0:18:12.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don’t want to build,\Nwith a bunch of experts,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.45,0:18:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a technological tool to help\Nthe population of my country.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.95,0:18:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to create something new.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.50,0:18:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to expand my horizon,\Nand this is all.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.67,0:18:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.13,0:18:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)