[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.98,0:00:04.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Kraken, a beast so terrifying
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.01,0:00:07.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was said to devour men and ships and whales,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.11,0:00:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so enormous it could be mistaken for an island.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.04,0:00:13.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In assessing the merits of such tales,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.29,0:00:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's probably wise to keep in mind that old sailor's saw
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.18,0:00:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the only difference between a fairytale and a sea story
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.80,0:00:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a fairytale begins, "Once upon a time,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.44,0:00:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a sea story begins, "This ain't no shit." (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.67,0:00:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every fish that gets away
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.45,0:00:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grows with every telling of the tale.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.60,0:00:34.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nevertheless, there are giants in the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.08,0:00:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we now have video proof,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.11,0:00:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as those of you that saw the Discovery Channel documentary are no doubt aware.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.73,0:00:43.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was one of the three scientists on this expedition
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.37,0:00:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that took place last summer off Japan.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.57,0:00:48.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm the short one.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.06,0:00:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other two are Dr. Tsunemi Kubodera and Dr. Steve O'Shea.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.12,0:00:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I owe my participation in this now-historic event
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.65,0:00:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to TED.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.46,0:01:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2010, there was a TED event called Mission Blue
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.53,0:01:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,held aboard the Lindblad Explorer in the Galapagos
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.26,0:01:07.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as part of the fulfillment of Sylvia Earle's TED wish.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.11,0:01:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I spoke about a new way of exploring the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.90,0:01:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one that focuses on attracting animals instead of scaring them away.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.67,0:01:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mike deGruy was also invited,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.97,0:01:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he spoke with great passion about his love of the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.52,0:01:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he also talked to me about applying my approach
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.94,0:01:25.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to something he's been involved with for a very long time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.59,0:01:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the hunt for the giant squid.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.03,0:01:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was Mike that got me invited to the squid summit,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.91,0:01:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a gathering of squid experts at the Discovery Channel
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.03,0:01:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that summer during Shark Week. (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.82,0:01:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I gave a talk on unobtrusive viewing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.24,0:01:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and optical luring of deep sea squid
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.78,0:01:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which I emphasized the importance
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.56,0:01:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of using quiet, unobtrusive platforms for exploration.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.81,0:01:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This came out of hundreds of dives I have made,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.53,0:01:58.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,farting around in the dark
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.86,0:02:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using these platforms,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.64,0:02:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my impression that I saw more animals
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.22,0:02:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working from the submersible
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.10,0:02:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than I did with either of the remote-operated vehicles.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.02,0:02:13.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that could just be because the submersible has a wider field of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.39,0:02:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I also felt like I saw more animals
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.08,0:02:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working with the Tiburon than the Ventana,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.93,0:02:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two vehicles with the same field of view
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.12,0:02:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but different propulsion systems.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.15,0:02:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my suspicion was that it might have something to do with the amount of noise they make.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.18,0:02:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I set up a hydrophone on the bottom of the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.44,0:02:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I had each of these fly by at the same speed and distance
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.60,0:02:33.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and recorded the sound they made.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.03,0:02:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Johnson Sea-Link -- (whirring noise) --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.67,0:02:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you can probably just barely hear here,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.26,0:02:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses electric thrusters -- very, very quiet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.86,0:02:44.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Tiburon also uses electric powered thrusters.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.22,0:02:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's also pretty quiet, but a bit noisier. (Louder whirring noise)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.30,0:02:52.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But most deep-diving ROVs these days use hydraulics
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.50,0:02:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they sound like the Ventana. (Loud beeping noise)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.94,0:02:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that's got to be scaring a lot of animals away.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.36,0:03:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for the deep sea squid hunt,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.86,0:03:04.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I proposed using an optical lure
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.02,0:03:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attached to a camera platform
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.18,0:03:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with no thrusters, no motors,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.94,0:03:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just a battery-powered camera,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.55,0:03:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the only illumination coming from red light
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.57,0:03:19.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's invisible to most deep-sea animals
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.06,0:03:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are adapted to see primarily blue.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.76,0:03:23.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's visible to our eye,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.02,0:03:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's the equivalent of infrared in the deep sea.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.36,0:03:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this camera platform, which we called the Medusa,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.20,0:03:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could just be thrown off the back of the ship,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.33,0:03:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attached to a float at the surface with over 2,000 feet of line,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.92,0:03:40.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would just float around passively carried by the currents,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.99,0:03:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the only light visible to the animals in the deep
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.39,0:03:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be the blue light of the optical lure,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.38,0:03:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we called the electronic jellyfish, or e-jelly,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.16,0:03:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it was designed to imitate
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.02,0:03:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bioluminescent display
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.27,0:04:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the common deep sea jellyfish Atolla.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.62,0:04:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, this pinwheel of light that the Atolla produces
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.18,0:04:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is known as a bioluminescent burglar alarm
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.16,0:04:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is a form of defense.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.44,0:04:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason that the electronic jellyfish worked as a lure
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.62,0:04:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not because giant squid eat jellyfish,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.52,0:04:20.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's because this jellyfish only resorts to producing this light
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.95,0:04:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it's being chewed on by a predator
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.33,0:04:26.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and its only hope for escape
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.01,0:04:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may be to attract the attention of a larger predator
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.98,0:04:31.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will attack its attacker
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.05,0:04:33.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thereby afford it an opportunity for escape.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.59,0:04:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a scream for help, a last-ditch attempt for escape,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.48,0:04:40.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a common form of defense in the deep sea.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.89,0:04:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The approach worked.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.00,0:04:46.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whereas all previous expeditions had failed to garner
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.51,0:04:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a single video glimpse of the giant,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.96,0:04:53.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we managed six, and the first triggered wild excitement.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.63,0:05:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Edith Widder (on video): Oh my God. Oh my God! Are you kidding me?Other scientists: Oh ho ho! That's just hanging there.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.84,0:05:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,EW: It was like it was teasing us, doing a kind of fan dance --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.98,0:05:12.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now you see me, now you don't --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.03,0:05:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we had four such teasing appearances,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.03,0:05:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then on the fifth, it came in and totally wowed us.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.44,0:05:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music) Narrator: (Speaking in Japanese)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.71,0:05:34.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists: Ooh. Bang! Oh my God! Whoa!
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.100,0:05:39.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.25,0:05:44.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,EW: The full monty.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.11,0:05:45.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What really wowed me about that
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.45,0:05:47.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the way it came in up over the e-jelly
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.63,0:05:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then attacked the enormous thing next to it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.95,0:05:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I think it mistook for the predator on the e-jelly.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.25,0:05:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even more incredible was the footage shot
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.67,0:05:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Triton submersible.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.32,0:06:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was not mentioned in the Discovery documentary
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.10,0:06:04.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was that the bait squid that Dr. Kubodera used,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.55,0:06:08.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a one-meter long diamondback squid
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.15,0:06:10.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had a light attached to it, a squid jig
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.86,0:06:13.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the type that longline fishermen use,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.44,0:06:15.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think it was this light
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.48,0:06:18.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that brought the giant in.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.03,0:06:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, what you're seeing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.50,0:06:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the intensified camera's view under red light,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.59,0:06:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's all Dr. Kubodera could see when the giant comes in here.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.72,0:06:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then he got so excited,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.17,0:06:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he turned on his flashlight because he wanted to see better,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.67,0:06:36.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the giant didn't run away,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.85,0:06:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he risked turning on the white lights on the submersible,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.09,0:06:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bringing a creature of legend
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.63,0:06:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the misty history into high-resolution video.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.60,0:06:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was absolutely breathtaking,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.87,0:06:53.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and had this animal had its feeding tentacles intact
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.80,0:06:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and fully extended,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.26,0:06:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would have been as tall as a two-story house.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.51,0:07:01.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could something that big
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.17,0:07:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,live in our ocean and yet remain unfilmed until now?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.77,0:07:09.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've only explored about five percent of our ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.40,0:07:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are great discoveries yet to be made down there,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.53,0:07:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fantastic creatures representing millions of years of evolution
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.15,0:07:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and possibly bioactive compounds
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.25,0:07:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that could benefit us in ways that we can't even yet imagine.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.06,0:07:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet we have spent only a tiny fraction
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.11,0:07:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the money on ocean exploration
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.48,0:07:31.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we've spent on space exploration.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.89,0:07:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need a NASA-like organization for ocean exploration,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.53,0:07:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we need to be exploring and protecting
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.37,0:07:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our life support systems here on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.96,0:07:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need — thank you. (Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.19,0:07:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exploration is the engine that drives innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.05,0:07:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Innovation drives economic growth.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.02,0:07:54.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's all go exploring,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.54,0:07:57.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but let's do it in a way that doesn't scare the animals away,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.64,0:07:59.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, as Mike deGruy once said,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.98,0:08:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If you want to get away from it all
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.76,0:08:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see something you've never seen,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.38,0:08:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or have an excellent chance of seeing something that no one's ever seen,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.96,0:08:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get in a sub."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.49,0:08:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He should have been with us for this adventure.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.70,0:08:12.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We miss him.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.50,0:08:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)