1 00:00:00,603 --> 00:00:06,465 I know a man who soars above the city every night. 2 00:00:06,465 --> 00:00:09,459 In his dreams, he twirls and swirls 3 00:00:09,459 --> 00:00:12,326 with his toes kissing the Earth. 4 00:00:12,326 --> 00:00:15,140 Everything has motion, he claims, 5 00:00:15,140 --> 00:00:19,982 even a body as paralyzed as his own. 6 00:00:19,982 --> 00:00:24,812 This man is my father. 7 00:00:24,812 --> 00:00:26,713 Three years ago, when I found out 8 00:00:26,713 --> 00:00:29,300 that my father had suffered a severe stroke 9 00:00:29,300 --> 00:00:31,426 in his brain stem, 10 00:00:31,426 --> 00:00:34,900 I walked into his room in the ICU 11 00:00:34,900 --> 00:00:37,884 at the Montreal Neurological Institute 12 00:00:37,884 --> 00:00:40,527 and found him lying deathly still, 13 00:00:40,527 --> 00:00:43,463 tethered to a breathing machine. 14 00:00:43,463 --> 00:00:47,894 Paralysis had closed over his body slowly, 15 00:00:47,894 --> 00:00:49,965 beginning in his toes, then legs, 16 00:00:49,965 --> 00:00:52,495 torso, fingers and arms. 17 00:00:52,495 --> 00:00:54,700 It made its way up his neck, 18 00:00:54,700 --> 00:00:56,905 cutting off his ability to breathe, 19 00:00:56,905 --> 00:01:01,382 and stopped just beneath the eyes. 20 00:01:01,382 --> 00:01:03,553 He never lost consciousness. 21 00:01:03,553 --> 00:01:06,140 Rather, he watched from within 22 00:01:06,140 --> 00:01:08,446 as his body shut down, 23 00:01:08,446 --> 00:01:10,583 limb by limb, 24 00:01:10,583 --> 00:01:13,542 muscle by muscle. 25 00:01:13,542 --> 00:01:18,100 In that ICU room, I walked up to my father's body, 26 00:01:18,100 --> 00:01:21,699 and with a quivering voice and through tears, 27 00:01:21,699 --> 00:01:25,112 I began reciting the alphabet. 28 00:01:25,112 --> 00:01:31,010 A, B, C, D, E, F, G, 29 00:01:31,010 --> 00:01:35,140 H, I, J, K. 30 00:01:35,140 --> 00:01:38,092 At K, he blinked his eyes. 31 00:01:38,092 --> 00:01:40,246 I began again. 32 00:01:40,246 --> 00:01:44,740 A, B, C, D, E, F, G, 33 00:01:44,740 --> 00:01:46,750 H, I. 34 00:01:46,750 --> 00:01:49,888 He blinked again at the letter I, 35 00:01:49,888 --> 00:01:53,880 then at T, then at R, and A: 36 00:01:53,880 --> 00:01:55,727 Kitra. 37 00:01:55,727 --> 00:01:59,685 He said "Kitra, my beauty, don't cry. 38 00:01:59,685 --> 00:02:04,140 This is a blessing." 39 00:02:04,140 --> 00:02:06,795 There was no audible voice, but my father 40 00:02:06,795 --> 00:02:09,843 called out my name powerfully. 41 00:02:09,843 --> 00:02:12,935 Just 72 hours after his stroke, 42 00:02:12,935 --> 00:02:14,690 he had already embraced 43 00:02:14,690 --> 00:02:18,165 the totality of his condition. 44 00:02:18,165 --> 00:02:20,665 Despite his extreme physical state, 45 00:02:20,665 --> 00:02:23,621 he was completely present with me, 46 00:02:23,621 --> 00:02:26,253 guiding, nurturing, 47 00:02:26,253 --> 00:02:28,503 and being my father as much 48 00:02:28,503 --> 00:02:31,739 if not more than ever before. 49 00:02:31,739 --> 00:02:33,302 Locked-in syndrome 50 00:02:33,302 --> 00:02:36,703 is many people's worst nightmare. 51 00:02:36,703 --> 00:02:39,111 In French, it's sometimes called 52 00:02:39,111 --> 00:02:41,191 "maladie de l'emmuré vivant." 53 00:02:41,191 --> 00:02:46,512 Literally, "walled-in-alive disease." 54 00:02:46,512 --> 00:02:48,267 For many people, perhaps most, 55 00:02:48,267 --> 00:02:51,799 paralysis is an unspeakable horror, 56 00:02:51,799 --> 00:02:54,140 but my father's experience 57 00:02:54,140 --> 00:02:56,511 losing every system of his body 58 00:02:56,511 --> 00:02:59,572 was not an experience of feeling trapped, 59 00:02:59,572 --> 00:03:03,733 but rather of turning the psyche inwards, 60 00:03:03,733 --> 00:03:06,928 dimming down the external chatter, 61 00:03:06,928 --> 00:03:09,853 facing the recesses of his own mind, 62 00:03:09,853 --> 00:03:11,690 and in that place, 63 00:03:11,690 --> 00:03:16,470 falling in love with life and body anew. 64 00:03:16,470 --> 00:03:19,166 As a rabbi and spiritual man 65 00:03:19,166 --> 00:03:23,280 dangling between mind and body, life and death, 66 00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:27,807 the paralysis opened up a new awareness for him. 67 00:03:27,807 --> 00:03:30,221 He realized he no longer needed to look 68 00:03:30,221 --> 00:03:33,250 beyond the corporeal world 69 00:03:33,250 --> 00:03:36,499 in order to find the divine. 70 00:03:36,499 --> 00:03:40,388 "Paradise is in this body. 71 00:03:40,388 --> 00:03:44,150 It's in this world," he said. 72 00:03:44,150 --> 00:03:48,006 I slept by my father's side for the first four months, 73 00:03:48,006 --> 00:03:50,120 tending as much as I could 74 00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:52,765 to his every discomfort, 75 00:03:52,765 --> 00:03:56,115 understanding the deep human psychological fear 76 00:03:56,115 --> 00:03:59,600 of not being able to call out for help. 77 00:03:59,600 --> 00:04:03,326 My mother, sisters, brother and I, 78 00:04:03,326 --> 00:04:07,690 we surrounded him in a cocoon of healing. 79 00:04:07,690 --> 00:04:09,790 We became his mouthpiece, 80 00:04:09,790 --> 00:04:13,619 spending hours each day reciting the alphabet 81 00:04:13,619 --> 00:04:15,981 as he whispered back sermons 82 00:04:15,981 --> 00:04:19,650 and poetry with blinks of his eye. 83 00:04:19,650 --> 00:04:25,104 His room, it became our temple of healing. 84 00:04:25,104 --> 00:04:27,826 His bedside became a site for those 85 00:04:27,826 --> 00:04:31,911 seeking advice and spiritual counsel, and through us, 86 00:04:31,911 --> 00:04:34,451 my father was able to speak 87 00:04:34,451 --> 00:04:36,645 and uplift, 88 00:04:36,645 --> 00:04:38,636 letter by letter, 89 00:04:38,636 --> 00:04:41,100 blink by blink. 90 00:04:41,100 --> 00:04:44,992 Everything in our world became slow and tender 91 00:04:44,992 --> 00:04:48,356 as the din, drama and death of the hospital ward 92 00:04:48,356 --> 00:04:51,860 faded into the background. 93 00:04:51,860 --> 00:04:53,960 I want to read to you one of the first things 94 00:04:53,960 --> 00:04:58,201 that we transcribed in the week following the stroke. 95 00:04:58,201 --> 00:05:00,581 He composed a letter, 96 00:05:00,581 --> 00:05:03,202 addressing his synagogue congregation, 97 00:05:03,202 --> 00:05:06,711 and ended it with the following lines: 98 00:05:06,711 --> 00:05:09,190 "When my nape exploded, 99 00:05:09,190 --> 00:05:11,953 I entered another dimension: 100 00:05:11,953 --> 00:05:16,610 inchoate, sub-planetary, protozoan. 101 00:05:16,610 --> 00:05:21,199 Universes are opened and closed continually. 102 00:05:21,199 --> 00:05:23,258 There are many when low, 103 00:05:23,258 --> 00:05:25,463 who stop growing. 104 00:05:25,463 --> 00:05:27,567 Last week, I was brought so low, 105 00:05:27,567 --> 00:05:31,002 but I felt the hand of my father around me, 106 00:05:31,002 --> 00:05:34,422 and my father brought me back." 107 00:05:34,422 --> 00:05:36,667 When we weren't his voice, 108 00:05:36,667 --> 00:05:40,000 we were his legs and arms. 109 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:42,652 I moved them like I know I would have wanted 110 00:05:42,652 --> 00:05:45,249 my own arms and legs to be moved 111 00:05:45,249 --> 00:05:49,141 were they still for all the hours of the day. 112 00:05:49,141 --> 00:05:53,124 I remember I'd hold his fingers near my face, 113 00:05:53,124 --> 00:05:57,410 bending each joint to keep it soft and limber. 114 00:05:57,410 --> 00:05:59,761 I'd ask him again and again 115 00:05:59,761 --> 00:06:02,258 to visualize the motion, 116 00:06:02,258 --> 00:06:05,779 to watch from within as the finger curled 117 00:06:05,779 --> 00:06:09,851 and extended, and to move along with it 118 00:06:09,851 --> 00:06:12,562 in his mind. 119 00:06:12,562 --> 00:06:14,575 Then, one day, from the corner of my eye, 120 00:06:14,575 --> 00:06:18,298 I saw his body slither like a snake, 121 00:06:18,298 --> 00:06:21,603 an involuntary spasm passing through the course 122 00:06:21,603 --> 00:06:23,890 of his limbs. 123 00:06:23,890 --> 00:06:26,105 At first, I thought it was my own hallucination, 124 00:06:26,105 --> 00:06:29,660 having spent so much time tending to this one body, 125 00:06:29,660 --> 00:06:34,320 so desperate to see anything react on its own. 126 00:06:34,320 --> 00:06:36,980 But he told me he felt tingles, 127 00:06:36,980 --> 00:06:40,515 sparks of electricity flickering on and off 128 00:06:40,515 --> 00:06:44,272 just beneath the surface of the skin. 129 00:06:44,272 --> 00:06:47,579 The following week, he began ever so slightly 130 00:06:47,579 --> 00:06:50,335 to show muscle resistance. 131 00:06:50,335 --> 00:06:52,940 Connections were being made. 132 00:06:52,940 --> 00:06:58,164 Body was slowly and gently reawakening, 133 00:06:58,164 --> 00:07:01,710 limb by limb, muscle by muscle, 134 00:07:01,710 --> 00:07:04,641 twitch by twitch. 135 00:07:04,641 --> 00:07:07,278 As a documentary photographer, 136 00:07:07,278 --> 00:07:09,080 I felt the need to photograph 137 00:07:09,080 --> 00:07:11,280 each of his first movements 138 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:13,930 like a mother with her newborn. 139 00:07:13,930 --> 00:07:18,434 I photographed him taking his first unaided breath, 140 00:07:18,434 --> 00:07:21,213 the celebratory moment after he showed 141 00:07:21,213 --> 00:07:25,220 muscle resistance for the very first time, 142 00:07:25,220 --> 00:07:27,930 the new adapted technologies that allowed him 143 00:07:27,930 --> 00:07:31,810 to gain more and more independence. 144 00:07:31,810 --> 00:07:33,823 I photographed the care and the love 145 00:07:33,823 --> 00:07:36,151 that surrounded him. 146 00:07:44,890 --> 00:07:48,304 But my photographs only told the outside story 147 00:07:48,304 --> 00:07:51,616 of a man lying in a hospital bed 148 00:07:51,616 --> 00:07:53,270 attached to a breathing machine. 149 00:07:53,270 --> 00:07:56,892 I wasn't able to portray his story from within, 150 00:07:56,892 --> 00:08:00,215 and so I began to search for a new visual language, 151 00:08:00,215 --> 00:08:03,513 one which strived to express the ephemeral quality 152 00:08:03,513 --> 00:08:07,409 of his spiritual experience. 153 00:08:26,026 --> 00:08:28,284 Finally, I want to share with you 154 00:08:28,284 --> 00:08:31,642 a video from a series that I've been working on 155 00:08:31,642 --> 00:08:34,910 that tries to express the slow, in-between existence 156 00:08:34,910 --> 00:08:37,620 that my father has experienced. 157 00:08:37,620 --> 00:08:41,170 As he began to regain his ability to breathe, 158 00:08:41,170 --> 00:08:43,802 I started recording his thoughts, 159 00:08:43,802 --> 00:08:45,726 and so the voice that you hear in this video 160 00:08:45,726 --> 00:08:48,336 is his voice. 161 00:08:48,336 --> 00:08:51,418 (Video) Ronnie Cahana: You have to believe 162 00:08:51,418 --> 00:08:54,152 you're paralyzed 163 00:08:54,152 --> 00:08:56,907 to play the part 164 00:08:56,907 --> 00:09:02,140 of a quadriplegic. 165 00:09:02,140 --> 00:09:04,108 I don't. 166 00:09:04,108 --> 00:09:06,694 In my mind, 167 00:09:06,694 --> 00:09:09,456 and in my dreams 168 00:09:09,456 --> 00:09:12,296 every night 169 00:09:12,296 --> 00:09:17,211 I Chagall-man float 170 00:09:17,211 --> 00:09:20,339 over the city 171 00:09:20,339 --> 00:09:23,556 twirl and swirl 172 00:09:23,556 --> 00:09:31,475 with my toes kissing the floor. 173 00:09:31,475 --> 00:09:38,382 I know nothing about the statement 174 00:09:38,382 --> 00:09:44,175 of man without motion. 175 00:09:44,175 --> 00:09:47,799 Everything has motion. 176 00:09:47,799 --> 00:09:51,150 The heart pumps. 177 00:09:51,150 --> 00:09:55,446 The body heaves. 178 00:09:55,446 --> 00:10:00,160 The mouth moves. 179 00:10:00,160 --> 00:10:04,231 We never stagnate. 180 00:10:04,231 --> 00:10:11,055 Life triumphs up and down. 181 00:10:11,055 --> 00:10:13,131 Kitra Cahana: For most of us, 182 00:10:13,131 --> 00:10:15,865 our muscles begin to twitch and move 183 00:10:15,865 --> 00:10:18,373 long before we are conscious, 184 00:10:18,373 --> 00:10:21,290 but my father tells me his privilege 185 00:10:21,290 --> 00:10:23,469 is living on the far periphery 186 00:10:23,469 --> 00:10:26,472 of the human experience. 187 00:10:26,472 --> 00:10:29,104 Like an astronaut who sees a perspective 188 00:10:29,104 --> 00:10:32,322 that very few of us will ever get to share, 189 00:10:32,322 --> 00:10:35,428 he wonders and watches as he takes 190 00:10:35,428 --> 00:10:37,305 his first breaths 191 00:10:37,305 --> 00:10:41,344 and dreams about crawling back home. 192 00:10:41,344 --> 00:10:45,123 So begins life at 57, he says. 193 00:10:45,123 --> 00:10:48,622 A toddler has no attitude in its being, 194 00:10:48,622 --> 00:10:54,325 but a man insists on his world every day. 195 00:10:54,325 --> 00:10:57,970 Few of us will ever have to face physical limitations 196 00:10:57,970 --> 00:11:00,928 to the degree that my father has, 197 00:11:00,928 --> 00:11:04,079 but we will all have moments of paralysis 198 00:11:04,079 --> 00:11:06,440 in our lives. 199 00:11:06,440 --> 00:11:09,658 I know I frequently confront walls 200 00:11:09,658 --> 00:11:12,897 that feel completely unscalable, 201 00:11:12,897 --> 00:11:15,157 but my father insists 202 00:11:15,157 --> 00:11:18,030 that there are no dead ends. 203 00:11:18,030 --> 00:11:23,240 Instead, he invites me into his space of co-healing 204 00:11:23,240 --> 00:11:26,844 to give the very best of myself, and for him 205 00:11:26,844 --> 00:11:30,274 to give the very best of himself to me. 206 00:11:30,274 --> 00:11:33,311 Paralysis was an opening for him. 207 00:11:33,311 --> 00:11:35,662 It was an opportunity to emerge, 208 00:11:35,662 --> 00:11:37,856 to rekindle life force, 209 00:11:37,856 --> 00:11:39,890 to sit still long enough with himself 210 00:11:39,890 --> 00:11:43,200 so as to fall in love with the full continuum 211 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:45,494 of creation. 212 00:11:45,494 --> 00:11:49,476 Today, my father is no longer locked in. 213 00:11:49,476 --> 00:11:52,637 He moves his neck with ease, 214 00:11:52,637 --> 00:11:55,368 has had his feeding peg removed, 215 00:11:55,368 --> 00:11:58,150 breathes with his own lungs, 216 00:11:58,150 --> 00:12:01,634 speaks slowly with his own quiet voice, 217 00:12:01,634 --> 00:12:03,938 and works every day 218 00:12:03,938 --> 00:12:09,148 to gain more movement in his paralyzed body. 219 00:12:09,148 --> 00:12:11,499 But the work will never be finished. 220 00:12:11,499 --> 00:12:16,212 As he says, "I'm living in a broken world, 221 00:12:16,212 --> 00:12:19,243 and there is holy work to do." 222 00:12:19,243 --> 00:12:21,263 Thank you. 223 00:12:21,263 --> 00:12:25,120 (Applause)