1 00:00:03,002 --> 00:00:08,012 媒体结构的改变是和对广播系统操控的改变紧密相关的 2 00:00:08,012 --> 00:00:11,006 这种操控就是一个人在广播站 3 00:00:11,006 --> 00:00:13,008 决定通过电波播送啥 4 00:00:13,008 --> 00:00:17,068 如果像互联网那样分配网络系统,任何人都可以是服务器 5 00:00:17,068 --> 00:00:20,088 于是播音员和听众也就没什么区别了 6 00:00:20,088 --> 00:00:22,004 每台计算机都兼有这两种身份 7 00:00:22,004 --> 00:00:27,012 你可以在你的家用笔记本电脑上运行一个服务器来分配电影、音乐、 8 00:00:27,012 --> 00:00:31,068 网页和电邮,就和谷歌最大的计算机可以做到的那样 9 00:00:31,068 --> 00:00:31,076 伊拉克机房的计算机 10 00:00:31,076 --> 00:00:35,052 和你桌面上的 11 00:00:35,052 --> 00:00:38,004 老式播音系统 12 00:00:38,004 --> 00:00:39,006 没有任何本质的区别 13 00:00:39,006 --> 00:00:42,076 他们本质上都受限于电波空间的数量 14 00:00:42,076 --> 00:00:46,044 通过电视电波你可以有十个频道 15 00:00:46,044 --> 00:00:48,068 有线的话你甚至有500个频道 16 00:00:48,068 --> 00:00:50,076 互联网上每个人都可以拥有一个频道 17 00:00:50,076 --> 00:00:53,008 每个人都能有自己的博客或者聚友网的页面 18 00:00:53,008 --> 00:00:55,048 每个人都拥有表达自己的途径 19 00:00:55,048 --> 00:00:57,072 所以现在的问题不是 20 00:00:57,072 --> 00:00:59,028 谁能接触到电波 21 00:00:59,028 --> 00:01:00,084 而是谁能控制 22 00:01:00,084 --> 00:01:02,008 你聚众的途径 23 00:01:02,008 --> 00:01:05,044 于是你开始看到权力集中于像谷歌这样的网站 24 00:01:05,044 --> 00:01:08,006 这样的“守门人”告诉你在网络空间里你想去哪 25 00:01:08,006 --> 00:01:11,006 谁能给你提供信息和资讯 26 00:01:11,006 --> 00:01:15,028 所以不只是某些人有说话的权力 27 00:01:15,028 --> 00:01:16,068 每个人都有说话的权利 28 00:01:16,068 --> 00:01:19,004 问题是谁会听你说话 29 00:01:19,004 --> 00:01:22,068 所以在这个有众多说者的世界里我们面临的最大问题 30 00:01:22,068 --> 00:01:24,004 就是怎样才能发现有益的事物 31 00:01:24,004 --> 00:01:27,036 是不是我们就得依着老式的媒体系统去有线新闻电视网 32 00:01:27,036 --> 00:01:29,028 听者他们挑出来的几个人 33 00:01:29,028 --> 00:01:30,028 在那里滔滔不绝 34 00:01:30,028 --> 00:01:32,002 又或者我们要去像互联网这样一个更民主的系统 35 00:01:32,002 --> 00:01:35,048 这里每个人都有被听到的机会 36 00:01:35,048 --> 00:01:38,044 做这件事的一个最有趣的的技术系统 37 00:01:38,044 --> 00:01:40,008 叫做协作筛选 38 00:01:40,008 --> 00:01:43,068 这样每个人都能就自己的喜恶各抒己见 39 00:01:43,068 --> 00:01:47,044 计算机则会将你和有同样爱好的人相配 40 00:01:47,044 --> 00:01:50,076 推荐给你一些他们喜欢而你以前不了解的事物 41 00:01:50,076 --> 00:01:52,084 亚马逊就是这样运行的 42 00:01:52,084 --> 00:01:55,016 买了这本书的人也买了这本书 43 00:01:55,016 --> 00:01:58,000 他们不只是就书籍来进行体验 44 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:01,012 还有博客、网页,以及网上的新闻 45 00:02:01,012 --> 00:02:04,004 他们就是要找到你从前没听说过的事物和途径 46 00:02:04,004 --> 00:02:06,002 并将这些带给你共享 47 00:02:06,002 --> 00:02:08,004 大众媒体却在此体现了一种本质的悖论 48 00:02:08,004 --> 00:02:10,036 因为它的受众广大 49 00:02:10,036 --> 00:02:12,076 却想令人相信他或她是唯一的 50 00:02:12,076 --> 00:02:15,036 电视广告总是播放着 51 00:02:15,036 --> 00:02:17,006 反潮流,买xx牛仔,不是吗? 52 00:02:17,006 --> 00:02:20,028 这可是有400万人同时收看, 53 00:02:20,028 --> 00:02:24,000 做着四百万人同时做的事可不是反潮流。 54 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:27,004 而互联网却使得这些 55 00:02:27,004 --> 00:02:29,004 大众媒体受到前所未有的威胁 56 00:02:29,004 --> 00:02:33,048 57 00:02:33,048 --> 00:02:36,028 58 00:02:36,028 --> 00:02:40,056 59 00:02:40,056 --> 00:02:42,048 60 00:02:42,048 --> 00:02:47,028 61 00:02:47,028 --> 00:02:50,052 62 00:02:50,052 --> 00:02:53,006 63 00:02:53,006 --> 00:02:55,092 64 00:02:55,092 --> 00:02:59,088 65 00:02:59,088 --> 00:03:02,008 66 00:03:02,008 --> 00:03:04,072 67 00:03:04,072 --> 00:03:06,068 68 00:03:06,068 --> 00:03:08,028 69 00:03:08,028 --> 00:03:12,004 70 00:03:12,004 --> 00:03:15,068 71 00:03:15,068 --> 00:03:18,068 72 00:03:18,068 --> 00:03:23,044 73 00:03:23,044 --> 00:03:25,008 74 00:03:25,008 --> 00:03:27,088 75 00:03:27,088 --> 00:03:30,006 76 00:03:30,006 --> 00:03:35,008 77 00:03:35,008 --> 00:03:36,004 78 00:03:36,004 --> 00:03:40,000 79 00:03:40,000 --> 00:03:45,012 80 00:03:45,012 --> 00:03:47,068 81 00:03:47,068 --> 00:03:50,076 82 00:03:50,076 --> 00:03:53,088 83 00:03:53,088 --> 00:03:58,004 84 00:03:58,004 --> 00:04:01,076 85 00:04:01,076 --> 00:04:04,068 86 00:04:04,068 --> 00:04:07,072 87 00:04:07,072 --> 00:04:10,044 88 00:04:10,044 --> 00:04:12,000 89 00:04:12,000 --> 00:04:13,004 90 00:04:13,004 --> 00:04:16,072 91 00:04:16,072 --> 00:04:17,008 92 00:04:17,008 --> 00:04:21,000 93 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,088 94 00:04:23,088 --> 00:04:27,004 95 00:04:27,004 --> 00:04:30,036 96 00:04:30,036 --> 00:04:31,044 97 00:04:31,044 --> 00:04:34,000 98 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:36,068 99 00:04:36,068 --> 00:04:39,004 100 00:04:39,004 --> 00:04:41,000 101 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:48,006 102 00:04:48,006 --> 00:04:52,036 103 00:04:52,036 --> 00:04:56,028 104 00:04:56,028 --> 00:04:58,016 105 00:04:58,016 --> 00:05:01,092 106 00:05:01,092 --> 00:05:04,004 107 00:05:04,004 --> 00:05:06,016 108 00:05:06,016 --> 00:05:08,028 109 00:05:08,028 --> 00:05:10,036 110 00:05:10,036 --> 00:05:12,028 111 00:05:12,028 --> 00:05:15,004 112 00:05:15,004 --> 00:05:17,004 113 00:05:17,004 --> 00:05:19,024 114 00:05:19,024 --> 00:05:20,002 115 00:05:20,002 --> 00:05:22,000 116 00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:27,000 117 00:05:27,000 --> 00:05:30,012 118 00:05:30,012 --> 00:05:33,056 119 00:05:33,056 --> 00:05:35,068 120 00:05:35,068 --> 00:05:40,036 121 00:05:40,036 --> 00:05:43,072 122 00:05:43,072 --> 00:05:48,000 123 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:50,076 124 00:05:50,076 --> 00:05:54,068 125 00:05:54,068 --> 00:05:58,068 126 00:05:58,068 --> 00:06:01,072 127 00:06:01,072 --> 00:06:04,068 128 00:06:04,068 --> 00:06:06,012 129 00:06:06,012 --> 00:06:08,004 130 00:06:08,004 --> 00:06:09,076 131 00:06:09,076 --> 00:06:11,016 132 00:06:11,016 --> 00:06:14,088 133 00:06:14,088 --> 00:06:18,012 134 00:06:18,012 --> 00:06:21,000 135 00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:23,008 136 00:06:23,008 --> 00:06:27,004 137 00:06:27,004 --> 00:06:30,076 138 00:06:30,076 --> 00:06:34,002 139 00:06:34,002 --> 00:06:37,024 140 00:06:37,024 --> 00:06:38,008 141 00:06:38,008 --> 00:06:39,004 142 00:06:39,004 --> 00:06:41,068 143 00:06:41,068 --> 00:06:45,008 144 00:06:45,008 --> 00:06:49,048 145 00:06:49,048 --> 00:06:54,002 146 00:06:54,002 --> 00:06:56,008 147 00:06:56,008 --> 00:07:00,006 148 00:07:00,006 --> 00:07:03,004 149 00:07:03,004 --> 00:07:06,068 150 00:07:06,068 --> 00:07:08,072 151 00:07:08,072 --> 00:07:11,004 152 00:07:11,004 --> 00:07:15,052 153 00:07:15,052 --> 00:07:19,000 154 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:22,004 155 00:07:22,004 --> 00:07:25,072 156 00:07:25,072 --> 00:07:29,008 157 00:07:29,008 --> 00:07:33,024 158 00:07:33,024 --> 00:07:36,002 159 00:07:36,002 --> 00:07:39,028 160 00:07:39,028 --> 00:07:43,004 161 00:07:43,004 --> 00:07:46,006 162 00:07:46,006 --> 00:07:50,008 163 00:07:50,008 --> 00:07:52,048 164 00:07:52,048 --> 00:07:56,004 165 00:07:56,004 --> 00:07:58,052 166 00:07:58,052 --> 00:08:00,084 167 00:08:00,084 --> 00:08:04,004 168 00:08:04,004 --> 00:08:05,048 169 00:08:05,048 --> 00:08:09,068 170 00:08:09,068 --> 00:08:11,048 171 00:08:11,048 --> 00:08:13,068 172 00:08:13,068 --> 00:08:16,072 173 00:08:16,072 --> 00:08:18,008 174 00:08:18,008 --> 00:08:21,008 175 00:08:21,008 --> 00:08:24,008 176 00:08:24,008 --> 00:08:26,072 177 00:08:26,072 --> 00:08:31,002 178 00:08:31,002 --> 00:08:34,004 179 00:08:34,004 --> 00:08:37,052 180 00:08:37,052 --> 00:08:39,088 181 00:08:39,088 --> 00:08:43,012 182 00:08:43,012 --> 00:08:48,028 183 00:08:48,028 --> 00:08:51,044 184 00:08:51,044 --> 00:08:53,072 185 00:08:53,072 --> 00:08:55,068 186 00:08:55,068 --> 00:08:59,004 187 00:08:59,004 --> 00:09:01,088 188 00:09:01,088 --> 00:09:03,092 189 00:09:03,092 --> 00:09:06,092 190 00:09:06,092 --> 00:09:10,000 191 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:13,024 192 00:09:13,024 --> 00:09:17,008 193 00:09:17,008 --> 99:59:59,999