0:00:00.395,0:00:04.047
What I want to do today is spend[br]some time talking about some stuff

0:00:04.071,0:00:07.656
that's giving me a little bit[br]of existential angst,

0:00:07.680,0:00:08.976
for lack of a better word,

0:00:09.000,0:00:11.086
over the past couple of years.

0:00:11.110,0:00:16.338
And basically, these three quotes[br]tell what's going on.

0:00:16.362,0:00:19.626
"When God made the color purple,[br]God was just showing off,"

0:00:19.650,0:00:22.169
Alice Walker wrote in "The Color Purple."

0:00:22.193,0:00:25.976
And Zora Neale Hurston wrote[br]in "Dust Tracks On A Road,"

0:00:26.000,0:00:28.826
"Research is a formalized curiosity.

0:00:28.850,0:00:31.502
It's poking and prying with a purpose."

0:00:31.944,0:00:34.437
And then finally,[br]when I think about the near future,

0:00:34.461,0:00:37.743
we have this attitude, "Well,[br]whatever happens, happens."

0:00:37.767,0:00:38.928
Right?

0:00:38.952,0:00:41.490
So that goes along with[br]the Cheshire Cat saying,

0:00:41.514,0:00:43.872
"If you don't care much[br]where you want to get to,

0:00:43.896,0:00:46.038
it doesn't much matter which way you go."

0:00:46.062,0:00:50.356
But I think it does matter which way[br]we go and what road we take,

0:00:50.380,0:00:53.224
because when I think[br]about design in the near future,

0:00:53.248,0:00:55.555
what I think are the most[br]important issues,

0:00:55.579,0:00:57.552
what's really crucial and vital,

0:00:57.576,0:01:02.362
is that we need to revitalize[br]the arts and sciences right now,

0:01:02.386,0:01:03.890
in 2002.

0:01:04.343,0:01:07.034
(Applause)

0:01:08.852,0:01:13.218
If we describe the near future[br]as 10, 20, 15 years from now,

0:01:13.242,0:01:17.061
that means that what we do today[br]is going to be critically important,

0:01:17.085,0:01:21.066
because in the year 2015,[br]in the year 2020, 2025,

0:01:21.090,0:01:23.760
the world our society[br]is going to be building on,

0:01:23.784,0:01:26.256
the basic knowledge and abstract ideas,

0:01:26.280,0:01:29.381
the discoveries[br]that we came up with today,

0:01:29.405,0:01:32.369
just as all these wonderful things[br]we're hearing about

0:01:32.393,0:01:33.649
here at the TED conference

0:01:33.673,0:01:36.460
that we take for granted[br]in the world right now,

0:01:36.484,0:01:39.047
were really knowledge[br]and ideas that came up

0:01:39.071,0:01:41.398
in the 50s, the 60s and the 70s.

0:01:41.846,0:01:44.227
That's the substrate[br]that we're exploiting today.

0:01:44.251,0:01:45.575
Whether it's the internet,

0:01:45.599,0:01:47.442
genetic engineering, laser scanners,

0:01:47.466,0:01:50.715
guided missiles, fiber optics,[br]high-definition television,

0:01:51.654,0:01:55.835
remote sensing from space[br]and the wonderful remote-sensing photos

0:01:55.859,0:02:00.666
that we see in 3D weaving, TV programs[br]like Tracker and Enterprise,

0:02:00.690,0:02:05.085
CD-rewrite drives, flat-screen,[br]Alvin Ailey's "Suite Otis,"

0:02:05.109,0:02:08.690
or Sarah Jones's "Your Revolution Will[br]Not [Happen] Between These Thighs,"

0:02:08.714,0:02:10.684
which, by the way, was banned by the FCC,

0:02:10.708,0:02:11.859
or ska --

0:02:11.883,0:02:16.159
all of these things, without question,[br]almost without exception,

0:02:16.183,0:02:19.939
are really based on ideas[br]and abstract and creativity

0:02:19.963,0:02:21.554
from years before.

0:02:21.578,0:02:23.048
So we have to ask ourselves:

0:02:23.072,0:02:26.081
What are we contributing[br]to that legacy right now?

0:02:26.105,0:02:27.658
And when I think about it,

0:02:27.682,0:02:28.836
I'm really worried.

0:02:28.860,0:02:30.989
To be quite frank, I'm concerned.

0:02:31.013,0:02:33.832
I'm skeptical that we're doing[br]very much of anything.

0:02:34.263,0:02:36.026
We're, in a sense,

0:02:36.050,0:02:38.676
failing to act in the future.

0:02:38.700,0:02:41.859
We're purposefully,[br]consciously being laggards.

0:02:41.883,0:02:43.318
We're lagging behind.

0:02:43.767,0:02:46.725
Frantz Fanon, who was a psychiatrist[br]from Martinique, said,

0:02:46.749,0:02:49.671
"Each generation must,[br]out of relative obscurity,

0:02:49.695,0:02:51.389
discover its mission

0:02:51.413,0:02:53.474
and fulfill or betray it."

0:02:55.303,0:02:57.333
What is our mission?[br]What do we have to do?

0:02:57.357,0:03:00.829
I think our mission is[br]to reconcile, to reintegrate

0:03:00.853,0:03:03.202
science and the arts,

0:03:03.226,0:03:07.953
because right now, there's a schism[br]that exists in popular culture.

0:03:07.977,0:03:12.223
People have this idea that science[br]and the arts are really separate;

0:03:12.247,0:03:14.600
we think of them as separate[br]and different things.

0:03:14.624,0:03:17.809
And this idea was probably[br]introduced centuries ago,

0:03:17.833,0:03:19.890
but it's really becoming critical now,

0:03:20.780,0:03:25.237
because we're making decisions[br]about our society every day

0:03:25.261,0:03:30.470
that, if we keep thinking that the arts[br]are separate from the sciences,

0:03:30.494,0:03:32.351
and we keep thinking it's cute to say,

0:03:32.375,0:03:34.447
"I don't understand[br]anything about this one,

0:03:34.471,0:03:36.852
I don't understand anything[br]about the other one,"

0:03:36.876,0:03:38.528
then we're going to have problems.

0:03:38.552,0:03:40.591
Now, I know no one[br]here at TED thinks this.

0:03:40.615,0:03:43.231
All of us, we already know[br]that they're very connected.

0:03:43.255,0:03:46.450
But I'm going to let you know[br]that some folks in the outside world,

0:03:46.474,0:03:48.818
believe it or not,[br]think it's neat when they say,

0:03:48.842,0:03:52.112
"Scientists and science is not creative.

0:03:52.136,0:03:55.002
Maybe scientists are ingenious,[br]but they're not creative."

0:03:55.473,0:03:56.966
And then we have this tendency,

0:03:56.990,0:03:59.514
the career counselors[br]and various people say things

0:03:59.538,0:04:02.151
like, "Artists are not analytical.

0:04:02.175,0:04:03.846
They're ingenious, perhaps,

0:04:04.779,0:04:06.117
but not analytical."

0:04:07.071,0:04:09.453
And when these concepts[br]underlie our teaching

0:04:09.477,0:04:11.373
and what we think about the world,

0:04:11.397,0:04:12.723
then we have a problem,

0:04:12.747,0:04:14.857
because we stymie support for everything.

0:04:14.881,0:04:16.501
By accepting this dichotomy,

0:04:16.525,0:04:18.636
whether it's tongue-in-cheek,

0:04:18.660,0:04:21.201
when we attempt[br]to accommodate it in our world,

0:04:21.225,0:04:23.580
and we try to build[br]our foundation for the world,

0:04:23.604,0:04:25.142
we're messing up the future,

0:04:25.166,0:04:27.534
because: Who wants to be uncreative?

0:04:28.064,0:04:29.754
Who wants to be illogical?

0:04:29.778,0:04:31.842
Talent would run[br]from either of these fields

0:04:31.866,0:04:33.639
if you said you had to choose either.

0:04:33.663,0:04:35.876
Then they'll go to something[br]where they think,

0:04:35.900,0:04:38.506
"Well, I can be creative[br]and logical at the same time."

0:04:38.530,0:04:41.193
Now, I grew up in the '60s[br]and I'll admit it --

0:04:41.217,0:04:44.269
actually, my childhood spanned the '60s,

0:04:44.293,0:04:45.943
and I was a wannabe hippie,

0:04:45.967,0:04:50.492
and I always resented the fact[br]that I wasn't old enough to be a hippie.

0:04:50.516,0:04:53.387
And I know there are people here,[br]the younger generation,

0:04:53.411,0:04:54.875
who want to be hippies.

0:04:54.899,0:04:56.953
People talk about the '60s all the time.

0:04:56.977,0:04:59.184
And they talk about the anarchy[br]that was there.

0:04:59.208,0:05:00.804
But when I think about the '60s,

0:05:00.828,0:05:04.566
what I took away from it was[br]that there was hope for the future.

0:05:04.590,0:05:06.640
We thought everyone could participate.

0:05:06.664,0:05:10.689
There were wonderful, incredible ideas[br]that were always percolating,

0:05:10.713,0:05:13.751
and so much of what's cool or hot today

0:05:13.775,0:05:15.823
is really based on some of those concepts,

0:05:15.847,0:05:19.387
whether it's people trying to use[br]the Prime Directive from Star Trek,

0:05:19.411,0:05:21.258
being involved in things,

0:05:21.282,0:05:24.348
or, again, that three-dimensional[br]weaving and fax machines

0:05:24.372,0:05:26.230
that I read about in my weekly readers

0:05:26.254,0:05:29.181
that the technology and engineering[br]was just getting started.

0:05:29.205,0:05:30.961
But the '60s left me with a problem.

0:05:30.985,0:05:35.630
You see, I always assumed[br]I would go into space,

0:05:35.654,0:05:37.320
because I followed all of this.

0:05:37.344,0:05:40.143
But I also loved the arts and sciences.

0:05:40.167,0:05:43.291
You see, when I was growing up[br]as a little girl and as a teenager,

0:05:43.315,0:05:45.770
I loved designing and making doll clothes

0:05:45.794,0:05:47.585
and wanting to be a fashion designer.

0:05:47.609,0:05:48.907
I took art and ceramics.

0:05:48.931,0:05:54.523
I loved dance: Lola Falana,[br]Alvin Ailey, Jerome Robbins.

0:05:55.112,0:05:59.257
And I also avidly followed[br]the Gemini and the Apollo programs.

0:05:59.281,0:06:02.648
I had science projects[br]and tons of astronomy books.

0:06:02.672,0:06:04.282
I took calculus and philosophy.

0:06:04.306,0:06:08.042
I wondered about infinity[br]and the Big Bang theory.

0:06:08.066,0:06:11.273
And when I was at Stanford,[br]I found myself, my senior year,

0:06:11.297,0:06:12.603
chemical engineering major,

0:06:12.627,0:06:16.159
half the folks thought I was a political[br]science and performing arts major,

0:06:16.183,0:06:19.422
which was sort of true, because I was[br]Black Student Union President,

0:06:19.446,0:06:21.223
and I did major in some other things.

0:06:21.247,0:06:22.931
And I found myself the last quarter

0:06:22.955,0:06:25.360
juggling chemical engineering[br]separation processes,

0:06:25.384,0:06:28.562
logic classes, nuclear magnetic[br]resonance spectroscopy,

0:06:28.586,0:06:32.107
and also producing and choreographing[br]a dance production.

0:06:32.680,0:06:35.260
And I had to do the lighting[br]and the design work,

0:06:35.284,0:06:37.568
and I was trying to figure out:

0:06:37.592,0:06:40.827
Do I go to New York City[br]to try to become a professional dancer,

0:06:40.851,0:06:42.509
or to go to medical school?

0:06:42.533,0:06:44.770
Now, my mother helped[br]me figure that one out.

0:06:44.794,0:06:47.889
(Laughter)

0:06:47.913,0:06:52.567
But when I went into space,[br]I carried a number of things up with me.

0:06:52.591,0:06:54.369
I carried a poster by Alvin Ailey --

0:06:54.393,0:06:56.836
you can figure out now,[br]I love the dance company --

0:06:56.860,0:07:00.240
an Alvin Ailey poster of Judith Jamison[br]performing the dance "Cry,"

0:07:00.264,0:07:02.301
dedicated to all black women everywhere;

0:07:02.325,0:07:06.064
a Bundu statue, which was from[br]the women's society in Sierra Leone;

0:07:06.088,0:07:08.727
and a certificate for the Chicago[br]Public School students

0:07:08.751,0:07:11.904
to work to improve their science and math.

0:07:12.589,0:07:13.865
And folks asked me,

0:07:14.486,0:07:16.736
"Why did you take up what you took up?"

0:07:17.375,0:07:18.533
And I had to say,

0:07:18.557,0:07:21.110
"Because it represents human creativity;

0:07:21.134,0:07:23.581
the creativity that allowed us,

0:07:23.605,0:07:26.531
that we were required to have[br]to conceive and build and launch

0:07:26.555,0:07:27.721
the space shuttle,

0:07:27.745,0:07:30.853
which springs from the same source[br]as the imagination and analysis

0:07:30.877,0:07:32.974
that it took to carve a Bundu statue,

0:07:32.998,0:07:38.314
or the ingenuity it took to design,[br]choreograph and stage "Cry."

0:07:38.790,0:07:42.512
Each one of them are different[br]manifestations, incarnations,

0:07:42.536,0:07:46.332
of creativity --[br]avatars of human creativity.

0:07:46.784,0:07:49.138
And that's what we have to[br]reconcile in our minds,

0:07:49.162,0:07:50.616
how these things fit together.

0:07:50.640,0:07:55.014
The difference between arts and sciences[br]is not analytical versus intuitive.

0:07:55.038,0:07:56.189
Right?

0:07:56.213,0:08:00.005
E = mc2 required an intuitive leap,

0:08:00.029,0:08:02.369
and then you had to do[br]the analysis afterwards.

0:08:03.184,0:08:04.502
Einstein said, in fact,

0:08:04.526,0:08:06.690
"The most beautiful thing[br]we can experience

0:08:06.714,0:08:08.018
is the mysterious.

0:08:08.042,0:08:10.844
It is the source[br]of all true art and science."

0:08:11.343,0:08:14.288
Dance requires us to express[br]and want to express

0:08:14.312,0:08:15.479
the jubilation in life,

0:08:15.503,0:08:17.082
but then you have to figure out:

0:08:17.106,0:08:18.523
Exactly what movement do I do

0:08:18.547,0:08:20.664
to make sure it comes across correctly?

0:08:20.688,0:08:22.628
The difference between arts and sciences

0:08:22.652,0:08:26.169
is also not constructive[br]versus deconstructive.

0:08:26.193,0:08:28.852
A lot of people think of the sciences[br]as deconstructive,

0:08:28.876,0:08:30.477
you have to pull things apart.

0:08:30.501,0:08:33.563
And yeah, subatomic physics[br]is deconstructive --

0:08:33.587,0:08:36.191
you literally try to tear atoms apart

0:08:36.215,0:08:38.251
to understand what's inside of them.

0:08:38.275,0:08:41.826
But sculpture, from what I understand[br]from great sculptors,

0:08:41.850,0:08:43.031
is deconstructive,

0:08:43.055,0:08:46.376
because you see a piece and you remove[br]what doesn't need to be there.

0:08:46.400,0:08:48.167
Biotechnology is constructive.

0:08:48.676,0:08:51.127
Orchestral arranging is constructive.

0:08:51.151,0:08:54.262
So, in fact, we use constructive[br]and deconstructive techniques

0:08:54.286,0:08:55.441
in everything.

0:08:55.790,0:08:59.409
The difference[br]between science and the arts

0:08:59.433,0:09:02.864
is not that they are different sides[br]of the same coin, even,

0:09:02.888,0:09:05.186
or even different parts[br]of the same continuum,

0:09:05.210,0:09:08.581
but rather, they're manifestations[br]of the same thing.

0:09:09.169,0:09:11.967
Different quantum states of an atom?

0:09:11.991,0:09:14.038
Or maybe if I want to be[br]more 21st century,

0:09:14.062,0:09:17.470
I could say that they're different[br]harmonic resonances of a superstring.

0:09:17.494,0:09:18.838
But we'll leave that alone.

0:09:18.862,0:09:20.540
They spring from the same source.

0:09:21.054,0:09:24.272
The arts and sciences are avatars[br]of human creativity.

0:09:24.296,0:09:25.772
It's our attempt as humans

0:09:25.796,0:09:29.273
to build an understanding[br]of the universe, the world around us.

0:09:29.297,0:09:31.803
It's our attempt to influence things,

0:09:31.827,0:09:33.958
the universe internal to ourselves

0:09:33.982,0:09:35.477
and external to us.

0:09:35.501,0:09:41.107
The sciences, to me, are manifestations[br]of our attempt to express or share

0:09:41.131,0:09:43.819
our understanding, our experience,

0:09:43.843,0:09:46.677
to influence the universe[br]external to ourselves.

0:09:47.082,0:09:49.813
It doesn't rely on us as individuals.

0:09:49.837,0:09:52.647
It's the universe,[br]as experienced by everyone.

0:09:53.247,0:09:55.576
The arts manifest our desire,

0:09:55.600,0:09:57.907
our attempt to share or influence others

0:09:57.931,0:10:01.545
through experiences[br]that are peculiar to us as individuals.

0:10:02.389,0:10:03.937
Let me say it again another way:

0:10:03.961,0:10:08.386
science provides an understanding[br]of a universal experience,

0:10:08.410,0:10:11.626
and arts provide a universal understanding

0:10:11.650,0:10:13.549
of a personal experience.

0:10:14.502,0:10:16.537
That's what we have to think about,

0:10:16.561,0:10:19.471
that they're all part of us,[br]they're all part of a continuum.

0:10:19.495,0:10:22.697
It's not just the tools,[br]it's not just the sciences,

0:10:22.721,0:10:25.695
the mathematics and the numerical stuff[br]and the statistics,

0:10:25.719,0:10:27.764
because we heard, very much on this stage,

0:10:27.788,0:10:30.207
people talked about music[br]being mathematical.

0:10:31.593,0:10:33.216
Arts don't just use clay,

0:10:33.240,0:10:36.421
aren't the only ones that use clay,[br]light and sound and movement.

0:10:37.446,0:10:41.167
They use analysis as well.

0:10:41.643,0:10:42.806
So people might say,

0:10:42.830,0:10:45.713
"Well, I still like that intuitive[br]versus analytical thing,"

0:10:45.737,0:10:48.768
because everybody wants to do[br]the right brain, left brain thing.

0:10:48.792,0:10:51.681
We've all been accused of being[br]right-brained or left-brained

0:10:51.705,0:10:52.865
at some point in time,

0:10:52.889,0:10:54.709
depending on who we disagreed with.

0:10:54.733,0:10:56.057
(Laughter)

0:10:56.081,0:10:57.975
You know, people say "intuitive" --

0:10:57.999,0:10:59.934
that's like you're in touch with nature,

0:10:59.958,0:11:01.943
in touch with yourself and relationships;

0:11:01.967,0:11:04.200
analytical, you put your mind to work.

0:11:04.224,0:11:07.293
I'm going to tell you a little secret.[br]You all know this, though.

0:11:07.317,0:11:09.416
But sometimes people use[br]this analysis idea,

0:11:09.440,0:11:11.272
that things are outside of ourselves,

0:11:11.296,0:11:14.750
to say, this is what[br]we're going to elevate

0:11:14.774,0:11:17.828
as the true, most important[br]sciences, right?

0:11:17.852,0:11:21.311
Then you have artists -- and you all know[br]this is true as well --

0:11:21.335,0:11:24.646
artists will say things about scientists

0:11:24.670,0:11:28.706
because they say they're too concrete,[br]they're disconnected from the world.

0:11:28.730,0:11:31.308
But, we've even had that here on stage,

0:11:31.332,0:11:34.073
so don't act like you don't know[br]what I'm talking about.

0:11:34.097,0:11:35.291
(Laughter)

0:11:35.315,0:11:37.655
We had folks talking[br]about the Flat Earth Society

0:11:37.679,0:11:38.854
and flower arrangers,

0:11:38.878,0:11:40.792
so there's this whole dichotomy

0:11:40.816,0:11:43.753
that we continue to carry along,[br]even when we know better.

0:11:44.511,0:11:47.114
And folks say we need to choose either-or.

0:11:48.162,0:11:51.068
But it would really be foolish[br]to choose either one,

0:11:51.092,0:11:53.106
intuitive versus analytical.

0:11:53.130,0:11:54.317
That's a foolish choice.

0:11:54.341,0:11:58.844
It's foolish just like trying to choose[br]between being realistic or idealistic.

0:11:58.868,0:12:00.413
You need both in life.

0:12:00.837,0:12:01.993
Why do people do this?

0:12:02.017,0:12:04.722
I'm going to quote[br]a molecular biologist, Sydney Brenner,

0:12:04.746,0:12:06.629
who's 70 years old, so he can say this.

0:12:06.653,0:12:09.866
He said, "It's always important[br]to distinguish between chastity

0:12:09.890,0:12:11.114
and impotence."

0:12:11.500,0:12:12.685
Now --

0:12:12.709,0:12:14.812
(Laughter)

0:12:14.836,0:12:20.646
I want to share with you[br]a little equation, OK?

0:12:20.670,0:12:25.867
How does understanding science[br]and the arts fit into our lives

0:12:25.891,0:12:27.046
and what's going on

0:12:27.070,0:12:30.173
and the things we're talking about[br]here at the design conference?

0:12:30.197,0:12:32.275
And this is a little thing I came up with:

0:12:32.299,0:12:33.466
understanding

0:12:33.490,0:12:35.333
and our resources and our will

0:12:35.844,0:12:37.155
cause us to have outcomes.

0:12:37.179,0:12:40.263
Our understanding is our science,[br]our arts, our religion;

0:12:40.287,0:12:42.622
how we see the universe around us;

0:12:42.646,0:12:45.343
our resources, our money,[br]our labor, our minerals --

0:12:45.367,0:12:48.531
those things that are out there[br]in the world we have to work with.

0:12:48.555,0:12:50.531
But more importantly, there's our will.

0:12:51.202,0:12:52.371
This is our vision,

0:12:52.395,0:12:54.984
our aspirations of the future,[br]our hopes, our dreams,

0:12:55.008,0:12:56.389
our struggles and our fears.

0:12:56.413,0:13:00.112
Our successes and our failures influence[br]what we do with all of those.

0:13:00.136,0:13:04.257
And to me, design and engineering,[br]craftsmanship and skilled labor,

0:13:04.281,0:13:07.455
are all the things that work[br]on this to have our outcome,

0:13:07.479,0:13:09.287
which is our human quality of life.

0:13:10.067,0:13:12.043
Where do we want the world to be?

0:13:12.446,0:13:13.613
And guess what?

0:13:13.637,0:13:15.285
Regardless of how we look at this,

0:13:15.309,0:13:18.266
whether we look at arts and sciences[br]as separate or different,

0:13:18.290,0:13:21.515
they're both being influenced now[br]and they're both having problems.

0:13:21.539,0:13:23.628
I did a project called[br]S.E.E.ing the Future:

0:13:23.652,0:13:25.349
Science, Engineering and Education.

0:13:25.373,0:13:27.079
It was looking at how to shed light

0:13:27.103,0:13:29.372
on the most effective use[br]of government funding.

0:13:29.396,0:13:32.262
We got a bunch of scientists[br]in all stages of their careers.

0:13:32.286,0:13:34.784
They came to Dartmouth College,[br]where I was teaching.

0:13:34.808,0:13:37.444
And they talked about,[br]with theologians and financiers:

0:13:37.468,0:13:39.593
What are some of the issues[br]of public funding

0:13:39.617,0:13:41.441
for science and engineering research?

0:13:41.465,0:13:43.066
What's most important about it?

0:13:43.738,0:13:45.342
There are some ideas that emerged

0:13:45.366,0:13:48.014
that I think have really[br]powerful parallels to the arts.

0:13:48.038,0:13:50.538
The first thing they said[br]was that the circumstances

0:13:50.562,0:13:53.960
that we find ourselves in today[br]in the sciences and engineering

0:13:53.984,0:13:55.563
that made us world leaders

0:13:55.587,0:14:00.844
are very different than the '40s,[br]the '50s, and the '60s and the '70s,

0:14:00.868,0:14:02.480
when we emerged as world leaders,

0:14:02.504,0:14:04.957
because we're no longer[br]in competition with fascism,

0:14:04.981,0:14:06.376
with Soviet-style communism.

0:14:06.400,0:14:09.772
And by the way, that competition[br]wasn't just military;

0:14:09.796,0:14:14.229
it included social competition[br]and political competition as well,

0:14:14.253,0:14:17.861
that allowed us to look at space[br]as one of those platforms

0:14:17.885,0:14:20.226
to prove that our social[br]system was better.

0:14:20.250,0:14:23.567
Another thing they talked[br]about was that the infrastructure

0:14:23.591,0:14:24.936
that supports the sciences

0:14:24.960,0:14:26.258
is becoming obsolete.

0:14:26.282,0:14:28.778
We look at universities and colleges --

0:14:28.802,0:14:31.960
small, mid-sized community colleges[br]across the country --

0:14:31.984,0:14:34.398
their laboratories are becoming obsolete.

0:14:34.422,0:14:37.072
And this is where we train[br]most of our science workers

0:14:37.096,0:14:40.330
and our researchers --[br]and our teachers, by the way.

0:14:40.354,0:14:45.107
And there's a media that doesn't support[br]the dissemination of any more than

0:14:45.131,0:14:48.019
the most mundane and inane of information.

0:14:48.043,0:14:51.461
There's pseudoscience, crop circles,[br]alien autopsy, haunted houses,

0:14:51.485,0:14:52.703
or disasters.

0:14:52.727,0:14:54.101
And that's what we see.

0:14:54.125,0:14:57.448
This isn't really the information you need[br]to operate in everyday life

0:14:57.472,0:14:59.864
and figure out how to participate[br]in this democracy

0:14:59.888,0:15:01.590
and determine what's going on.

0:15:01.614,0:15:04.379
They also said there's a change[br]in the corporate mentality.

0:15:04.403,0:15:06.565
Whereas government money[br]had always been there

0:15:06.589,0:15:08.680
for basic science[br]and engineering research,

0:15:08.704,0:15:12.466
we also counted on some companies[br]to do some basic research.

0:15:12.490,0:15:15.311
But what's happened now[br]is companies put more energy

0:15:15.335,0:15:17.870
into short-term product development

0:15:18.637,0:15:21.845
than they do in basic engineering[br]and science research.

0:15:23.408,0:15:26.083
And education is not keeping up.

0:15:26.107,0:15:29.766
In K through 12, people[br]are taking out wet labs.

0:15:29.790,0:15:31.866
They think if we put[br]a computer in the room,

0:15:31.890,0:15:35.162
it's going to take the place[br]of actually mixing the acids

0:15:35.186,0:15:36.685
or growing the potatoes.

0:15:36.709,0:15:39.017
And government funding[br]is decreasing in spending,

0:15:39.041,0:15:41.836
and then they're saying,[br]let's have corporations take over,

0:15:41.860,0:15:43.016
and that's not true.

0:15:43.040,0:15:46.226
Government funding[br]should at least do things

0:15:46.250,0:15:50.181
like recognize cost benefits[br]of basic science and engineering research.

0:15:50.205,0:15:53.298
We have to know that we have[br]a responsibility as global citizens

0:15:53.322,0:15:54.480
in this world.

0:15:54.504,0:15:56.550
We have to look at[br]the education of humans.

0:15:56.574,0:15:59.909
We need to build our resources today[br]to make sure that they're trained

0:15:59.933,0:16:02.307
so they understand[br]the importance of these things.

0:16:02.331,0:16:05.555
And we have to support[br]the vitality of science.

0:16:05.579,0:16:09.502
That doesn't mean that everything has[br]to have one thing that's going to go on,

0:16:09.526,0:16:12.400
or that we know exactly what's going[br]to be the outcome of it,

0:16:12.424,0:16:15.483
but that we support the vitality[br]and the intellectual curiosity

0:16:15.507,0:16:16.755
that goes along [with it].

0:16:16.779,0:16:19.302
And if you think about[br]those parallels to the arts --

0:16:19.326,0:16:23.396
the competition[br]with the Bolshoi Ballet spurred

0:16:23.420,0:16:26.669
the Joffrey and the New York[br]City Ballet to become better.

0:16:26.693,0:16:30.895
Infrastructure, museums, theaters,[br]movie houses across the country

0:16:30.919,0:16:32.071
are disappearing.

0:16:32.095,0:16:34.534
We have more television stations[br]with less to watch,

0:16:34.558,0:16:38.317
we have more money spent on rewrites

0:16:38.341,0:16:40.226
to get old television programs

0:16:40.250,0:16:41.607
in the movies.

0:16:42.401,0:16:44.773
We have corporate funding now that,

0:16:44.797,0:16:48.158
when it goes to support the arts,

0:16:48.182,0:16:51.361
it almost requires that the product[br]be part of the picture

0:16:51.385,0:16:52.682
that the artist draws.

0:16:52.706,0:16:56.611
We have stadiums that are named[br]over and over again by corporations.

0:16:56.635,0:17:00.417
In Houston, we're trying to figure out[br]what to do with that Enron Stadium thing.

0:17:00.441,0:17:01.460
(Laughter)

0:17:01.484,0:17:04.365
Fine arts and education[br]in the schools is disappearing,

0:17:04.389,0:17:08.119
And we have a government[br]that seems like it's gutting the NEA

0:17:08.143,0:17:09.306
and other programs.

0:17:09.330,0:17:11.429
So we have to really stop and think:

0:17:11.453,0:17:14.485
What are we trying to do[br]with the sciences and the arts?

0:17:14.509,0:17:16.382
There's a need to revitalize them.

0:17:16.406,0:17:17.977
We have to pay attention to it.

0:17:18.001,0:17:20.758
I just want to tell you quickly[br]what I'm doing --

0:17:21.091,0:17:26.971
(Applause)

0:17:28.039,0:17:31.447
I want to tell you what I've been doing[br]a little bit since ...

0:17:31.988,0:17:35.430
I feel this need to sort of[br]integrate some of the ideas

0:17:35.454,0:17:37.854
that I've had and run across over time.

0:17:37.878,0:17:42.226
One of the things that I found out[br]is that there's a need to repair

0:17:42.250,0:17:44.813
the dichotomy between the mind[br]and body as well.

0:17:44.837,0:17:47.486
My mother always told me,[br]you have to be observant,

0:17:47.510,0:17:49.752
know what's going on[br]in your mind and your body.

0:17:49.776,0:17:53.450
And as a dancer, I had this tremendous[br]faith in my ability to know my body,

0:17:53.474,0:17:55.450
just as I knew how to sense colors.

0:17:55.956,0:17:57.615
Then I went to medical school,

0:17:58.297,0:18:02.488
and I was supposed to just go on[br]what the machine said about bodies.

0:18:02.512,0:18:06.060
You know, you would ask patients questions[br]and some people would tell you,

0:18:06.084,0:18:07.992
"Don't listen to what the patient said."

0:18:08.016,0:18:10.960
We know that patients know[br]and understand their bodies better,

0:18:10.984,0:18:14.494
but these days we're trying[br]to divorce them from that idea.

0:18:14.518,0:18:18.410
We have to reconcile[br]the patient's knowledge of their body

0:18:18.434,0:18:20.027
with physicians' measurements.

0:18:21.328,0:18:24.245
We had someone talk about[br]measuring emotions

0:18:24.269,0:18:28.226
and getting machines to figure out[br]what to keep us from acting crazy.

0:18:29.030,0:18:30.415
No, we shouldn't measure.

0:18:30.439,0:18:32.748
We shouldn't use machines[br]to measure road rage

0:18:32.772,0:18:35.281
and then do something to keep[br]us from engaging in it.

0:18:35.305,0:18:39.273
Maybe we can have machines help us[br]to recognize that we have road rage,

0:18:39.297,0:18:42.478
and then we need to know[br]how to control that without the machines.

0:18:42.502,0:18:45.763
We even need to be able to recognize that[br]without the machines.

0:18:45.787,0:18:48.289
What I'm very concerned about is:

0:18:48.313,0:18:53.962
How do we bolster our self-awareness[br]as humans, as biological organisms?

0:18:53.986,0:18:56.795
Michael Moschen spoke of having to teach

0:18:56.819,0:19:01.396
and learn how to feel with my eyes,[br]to see with my hands.

0:19:01.420,0:19:05.407
We have all kinds of possibilities[br]to use our senses by,

0:19:05.431,0:19:07.580
and that's what we have to do.

0:19:07.604,0:19:09.435
That's what I want to do --

0:19:09.459,0:19:12.836
to try to use bioinstrumentation,[br]those kind of things,

0:19:12.860,0:19:15.945
to help our senses in what we do.

0:19:15.969,0:19:17.688
That's the work I've been doing now,

0:19:17.712,0:19:19.774
as a company called[br]BioSentient Corporation.

0:19:19.798,0:19:22.721
I figured I'd have to do that ad,[br]because I'm an entrepreneur,

0:19:22.745,0:19:26.896
and "entrepreneur" says "somebody[br]who does what they want to do,

0:19:26.920,0:19:30.097
because they're not broke enough[br]that they have to get a real job."

0:19:30.121,0:19:31.123
(Laughter)

0:19:31.147,0:19:33.737
But that's the work I'm doing,[br]BioSentient Corporation,

0:19:33.761,0:19:36.357
trying to figure out:[br]How do we integrate these things?

0:19:36.381,0:19:41.058
Let me finish by saying that[br]my personal design issue for the future

0:19:41.082,0:19:43.044
is really about integrating;

0:19:43.068,0:19:45.885
to think about that intuitive[br]and that analytical.

0:19:45.909,0:19:48.214
The arts and sciences are not separate.

0:19:49.090,0:19:51.530
High school physics[br]lesson before you leave:

0:19:51.554,0:19:53.944
high school physics teacher[br]used to hold up a ball.

0:19:53.968,0:19:56.688
She would say, "This ball[br]has potential energy.

0:19:56.712,0:19:59.215
But nothing will happen to it,[br]it can't do any work,

0:19:59.239,0:20:01.286
until I drop it and it changes states."

0:20:02.081,0:20:04.738
I like to think of ideas[br]as potential energy.

0:20:04.762,0:20:06.598
They're really wonderful,

0:20:06.622,0:20:10.892
but nothing will happen[br]until we risk putting them into action.

0:20:10.916,0:20:14.707
This conference is filled[br]with wonderful ideas.

0:20:15.122,0:20:17.629
We're going to share[br]lots of things with people.

0:20:17.653,0:20:19.366
But nothing's going to happen

0:20:19.390,0:20:22.508
until we risk putting[br]those ideas into action.

0:20:22.532,0:20:25.260
We need to revitalize[br]the arts and sciences today.

0:20:25.284,0:20:27.779
We need to take responsibility[br]for the future.

0:20:27.803,0:20:31.427
We can't hide behind saying[br]it's just for company profits,

0:20:31.451,0:20:32.678
or it's just a business,

0:20:32.702,0:20:34.947
or I'm an artist or an academician.

0:20:35.709,0:20:37.741
Here's how you judge what you're doing:

0:20:37.765,0:20:41.226
I talked about that balance[br]between intuitive, analytical.

0:20:42.270,0:20:45.058
Fran Lebowitz, my favorite cynic,

0:20:45.082,0:20:47.665
said, "The three questions[br]of greatest concern ..." --

0:20:47.689,0:20:49.556
now I'm going to add on to design --

0:20:49.580,0:20:51.756
"... are: Is it attractive?"

0:20:52.969,0:20:54.663
That's the intuitive.

0:20:54.687,0:20:57.278
"Is it amusing?" -- the analytical,

0:20:57.302,0:20:59.987
and, "Does it know[br]its place?" -- the balance.

0:21:00.011,0:21:01.183
Thank you very much.

0:21:01.207,0:21:03.865
(Applause)