[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.02,0:00:05.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hello,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.55,0:00:09.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have explained how to manage with\NGimp, I’m now going to give a
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.37,0:00:13.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,number of practical examples. I said it\Nat the beginning of this series, whenever I talk
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.81,0:00:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about someone, I like to show that someone\Nand, to use the example in the previous
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.17,0:00:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video, I find it hard to talk about\Nthe “Pascaline” without showing Blaise Pascal.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.17,0:00:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mock Internet search of my video on\Nshapes, and I get a lot of portraits
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.90,0:00:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pascal. Let’s say that we choose this lithography.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.48,0:00:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As is, it wouldn’t look too good and\NI must remove the background, but
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.79,0:00:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can do this very quickly and very easily\Nwith Gimp, using almost only options from the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.88,0:00:44.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Colors” menu. First thing, let’s get\Nrid of this pink beige color
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.99,0:00:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old paper background. In the\N“Colors” menu, “Desaturate” will
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.01,0:00:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turn everything to shades of greys. But \NI don’t want grey. In the same menu,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.92,0:01:00.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I’m going to switch to “Brightness-Contrast”,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.10,0:01:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and boldly push contrats to the maximum.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.31,0:01:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,switching “Color to Alpha”. The Alpha channel,\Nif you remember the previous video, is
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.45,0:01:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associated with transparency – and even\Nif you have forgotten to state that your image
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.44,0:01:24.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knows transparency, this option will enable\Nit automatically. By default, the color to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.35,0:01:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make transparent is white, which is\Nwhat we want. Click OK, and we get
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.06,0:01:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a good lithography that we can use\Nwith anything. Perhaps that we’ll remove
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.90,0:01:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the legend an the name of the long-dead,\Nartist, which we can achieve by
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.12,0:01:40.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,selecting with the lasso and cutting.\NThen, why not, we can add Pascal’s
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.47,0:01:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own signature, found on the web\Nand that went through a very
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.96,0:01:47.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar process. Done, in a record time.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.18,0:01:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At this point, we can stop and think.\NI have no clue about where this Pascal
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.92,0:01:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,portrait is coming from, but my\Nguess is that this lithography dates back
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.90,0:01:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the 1830s/1840s, and smacks of romanticism.\NIt doesn’t look like an authentic portrait.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.76,0:02:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, this poor Pascal rather looks like \Na teen-age idol in this lithography. Is that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.72,0:02:08.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way I want him to look?\NNot so sure.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.92,0:02:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let’s happily go from one extreme to the other.\NI’ve found this stamp, still on Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.94,0:02:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technically speaking, it’s an engraving,\Nbut here it rather looks like
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.03,0:02:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr Frankenstein’s failed first attempt.\NAside from style, let’s check how we
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.44,0:02:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can make this portrait usable, because\Ntechniques that were previously used
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.70,0:02:29.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,won’t give a good result here.\NThe image is a .jpg file, I’m therefore
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.33,0:02:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first going to add transparency, the famous\N“Alpha channel”. Next, I don’t want
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.67,0:02:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this portrait to look like a stamp.\NI’m going to use the selection tool in
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.10,0:02:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the toolbox, and draw a rectangle\Naround the area of the image that I want
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.85,0:02:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep. In the “Image” menu I’m going\Nto choose “Crop to Selection”,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.53,0:02:56.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here is what I’m going to work with.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.05,0:02:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, I’m going to remove the background\Naround the head, using the lasso a little,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.51,0:03:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the eraser much. I’m getting an image\Nthat wouldn’t be that bad, except for
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.62,0:03:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something very ugly, those awful straight\Nlines. What is the issue? I won’t be able
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.95,0:03:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to place the head wherever I want. In fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.70,0:03:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if I put it in a corner, I’ll always have\Na straight line to remind that it’s a plain
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.28,0:03:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cropped stamp. Contrast this with \Nthe previous lithography, with its
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.01,0:03:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,curves and lower dim area, which\Nallows any type of lay-out. In fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.44,0:03:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can get a similar effect with Gimp\Nfor any type of image and I do
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.98,0:03:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it almost systematically with portraits.\NHere is how.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.92,0:03:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We’ll use a filter, the one under “Decor”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.49,0:03:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called “Fuzzy Border”. When the option windows appear
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.57,0:03:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two things need to be changed.\NThe first one is the “flatten
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.75,0:03:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,image” option, which generates a single-layer
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.64,0:03:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,image. I want to update the layers after\Nthe filter has run,and I must uncheck
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.58,0:04:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this option.\NThe second thing is the border size.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.76,0:04:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of experience, what works best is \Na border the size of which is around
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.41,0:04:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 1/7th or 1/8th of the smallest\Nimage dimension – obviously, it doesn’t
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.84,0:04:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need to be precise down to the pixel,\NI always wildly round numbers. Here,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.44,0:04:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my image is about 300 by 400, and I’ll\Nuse a value of 40 for the border. I apply
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.77,0:04:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the filter, and I get a two-layered copy \Nof the image, with a top layer (that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.74,0:04:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happens to be the active one) being a\Nkind of fuzzy white frame. I want to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.65,0:04:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see some things fuzzy, mostly the chest,\Nbut not everything and not the head. So I’m
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.68,0:04:39.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to use the lasso to select the part\Nof the mask that I want to remove, over the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.85,0:04:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shoulders.You’ll notice that the lasso\Nallow you to move outside the image and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.64,0:04:50.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,circle around it from a distance. This\Narea, I remove it. At this point, you shouldn’t
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.99,0:04:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forget to go the the selection\Nmenu and choose “All”.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.59,0:04:58.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don’t, you may have surprises in\Nthe next steps.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.31,0:05:04.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,OK, now we have two layers, the \Ntop layer which is the active one
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.73,0:05:09.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(here indicated by a red frame) and \Ncontains a blurred mask, and the bottom
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.20,0:05:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,layer, the portrait proper. I go\Nto the 'Layer' menu and choose
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.54,0:05:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to duplicate the current layer. Using\Nthe layers window I’m going to select
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.68,0:05:25.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bottom layer, and duplicate it\Nas well. Now, it’s getting complicated.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.23,0:05:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I select any of the two blurred masks and\Nin the “Colors” menu I select “Invert”.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.29,0:05:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes black. And now beware, the \Norder needs to be precise: using arrows
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.03,0:05:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the layers window, I’m going to place,\Nfrom top to bottom, the white mask, one Pascal,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.24,0:05:47.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the black mask, and the second Pascal. I \Nmake one of the two masks, here the black one,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.16,0:05:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the active layer and click on \N“Merge down” in the “Layer” menu.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.76,0:05:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do the same with the other mask.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.65,0:06:00.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, let’s deal with transparency: we \Nwe select the top layer, then, in the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.95,0:06:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Colors menu, we are going to click on what \Nwe have already seen, “Color to Alpha”,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.17,0:06:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and make white transparent. then we select \Nthe other layer but we’ll change the color
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.30,0:06:15.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make transparent by clicking the color\Nand switching from white to black.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.71,0:06:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This time, black will disappear and I’m\Ngoing to end-up with a rather ghostly layer.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.98,0:06:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So ghostly in fact that usually I’ll\Nduplicate it and then merge the two
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.55,0:06:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clones, which will give it a bit more consistency.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.37,0:06:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here we are, we have fuzzy image border.\NIf you need to put this image on a dark
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.48,0:06:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,background, I’ll advise you to add a black\Nlayer at the very bottom, and inspect
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.72,0:06:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,closely. Very often you notice in the\Nlight layer that previous erasures
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.24,0:06:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were so so, and sometimes you have\Na slight halo that doesn’t look too good.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.80,0:06:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this is easy to fix with the eraser.\NWhen everything is OK, you can remove
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.94,0:06:56.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the black layer, and merge the two remaining\Nlayers. There is one remaining problem that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.39,0:07:00.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn’t show too much here but is very noticeable\Non a color image: I have removed white and I have
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.21,0:07:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,removed black, so globally I have removed\Ngrey. Removing grey from colors, that’s
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.15,0:07:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the opposite of making them greyer, and\Ntherefore I have saturated colors. I can
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.44,0:07:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,swear you that with a color picture\Nthe soberest individual will look
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.80,0:07:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a second Falstaff. This is why\NI usually end up with the “Colors” menu
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.96,0:07:21.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and roughly desaturate colors, trying to\Nmatch colors in the original picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.89,0:07:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I end up with an image that is far easier to use.\NIn this particular case,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.16,0:07:29.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I still have a small straight line. It’s no\Nbig deal, I just have to line up this side
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.97,0:07:34.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the edge. And finally, aesthetic choices\Napart, the stamp ends up being quite equivalent
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.61,0:07:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the lithography.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.62,0:07:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With all this, how do I introduce Pascal’s\Ncomputing machine? Not like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.17,0:07:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you may guess. Here is what I have\Nshown for real during a lecture to my
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.84,0:07:52.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American students. First of all, drum roll:\Na date, which corresponds to nothing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.65,0:07:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known because as anybody knows between\N1492 and 1776 not much happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.43,0:08:02.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is puzzling. With the date, I associate\Nan exotic location – I have found, still
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.83,0:08:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the web, a map of Rouen (modern spelling) in 1655,\Na few years later. I guess that at this time
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.16,0:08:14.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cities were evolving slowly. The plot\Nthickens. Then another Pascal portrait
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.35,0:08:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I initially prepared as a background\Nfor quotes. And finally over this
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.99,0:08:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the computing machine. Needless to say,\NI could now use as well the transformed
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.46,0:08:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stamp, with colors that harmonize better with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.54,0:08:35.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a light topic I want to talk of,\Nscreenshots. There are tons of ways to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.25,0:08:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get a screenshot, you can very easily\Ndo it with Gimp, under the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.51,0:08:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,File/Create/Screenshot menu. You\Ncan take a fullscreen image,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.04,0:08:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or only a window or an arbitrary area,\Nand it’s very useful, first for
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.15,0:08:52.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,presentations where software tools\Nappear, but not only as you
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.70,0:08:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are going to see.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.91,0:08:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I like to eat my own dog food, and as\Nin the videos about shapes I mostly
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.74,0:09:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used shapes, in this and the\Nprevious ones I have amply used
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.28,0:09:04.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,images, including many shots of my own screen.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.71,0:09:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If there is something I don’t like\Nin a video recording of one’s own
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.51,0:09:16.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,screen, it’s how indiscreet it can be. \NYou needn’t know whether I’m running on
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.10,0:09:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Windows, Linux or Mac. It’s none\Nof your business. And wallpapers!
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.18,0:09:26.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don’t want to let you know whether\Nthe gentleman that I am prefers blondes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.27,0:09:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... or something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.60,0:09:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One confidence: Jack Lemmon isn’t my type of girl;\Nbut I like movies.\NI don’t want you either to know if
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.98,0:09:44.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my legendary repute for modesty is well\Ngrounded, or whether I am actually hiding
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.12,0:09:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slightly megalomaniac tendencies.\NSolution? Take a screenshot of THE window
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.49,0:09:54.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of interest, and show nothing but this window.\NEven better, only show from the window
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.51,0:09:58.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the part I am talking about, and I can even\Nplay with blurring and desaturation to
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.92,0:10:01.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focus on ONE precise point. No distraction.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.81,0:10:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If using screenshots is natural in \Na presentation linked to programming
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.62,0:10:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or IT topic, you can use them in a\Nfar subtler way. Imagine that I
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.41,0:10:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to talk about set operations,\Nand show intersection, union and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.77,0:10:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,difference between two sets.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.36,0:10:22.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can use two circular shapes in different\Ncolors to represent my sets.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.99,0:10:27.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The snag, it’s that when I put them together\NI cannot show easily intersection,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.85,0:10:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,union and difference. All right, for union\NI might change colors and give the same
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.99,0:10:35.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,color to both shapes; but the single\Nblack circular arc in the middle ruins
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.85,0:10:42.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,symmetry. For intersection, I can make\Ncolors transparent, and intersection
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.07,0:10:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appears different, but this doesn’t leave\Nmany options when choosing colors.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.92,0:10:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To show the difference, it’s kind of hopeless.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.41,0:10:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What shall I do? These shapes are in my\NPowerpoint window. I’m going to zoom
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.81,0:10:58.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over them as much as possible (I set the slide\Nview option at 200%) and take a screenshot.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.34,0:11:04.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I’m going to remove the background of this image\Nand color three different versions. As an
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.39,0:11:07.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aside, I won’t elaborate on it, but to \Ncolor an image is far less easy than it
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.49,0:11:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looks, I often use two layers, only\Nkeeping black lines in the top
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.64,0:11:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one and splashing colors in the bottom layer.\NAnd know, what shall I do? First
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.71,0:11:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slide, my shapes, which are separately animated.\NNext slide, fade over an image that I have
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.11,0:11:25.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sized to exactly match the size of the\Nshapes and that I have put on screen
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.85,0:11:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exactly at the same place as the shapes\Nin the previous slide. It’s like a
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.43,0:11:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stuntman replacing the star. Another image,\Nanother image, and back with shapes.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.62,0:11:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have have shown what I wanted, nobody\Nsaw substitutions nor technical switches,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.21,0:11:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the message got through. And what shall\Nwe talk about next? Animations and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.40,0:11:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,transitions, of course.