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Hozir men gapirayotgan til,

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baxtgami yoki aksincha, vaqt sayin

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asosiy dunyo tiliga aylanmoqda.

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Keling buni tan olamiz:

5
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butun internet bu tilda,

6
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bu tilda moliyachilar gaplashishadi,

7
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aviadispetcherlar,

8
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unda mashhur qo'shiqlar kuylashadi,

9
00:00:19,056 --> 00:00:20,256
diplomatlar muloqot qiladi...

10
00:00:20,280 --> 00:00:21,720
Ingliz tili hamma joyda.

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Hozirda ko'plab insonlar shimoliy
xitoychada gapirishadi.

12
00:00:26,440 --> 00:00:28,936
Lekin shunda ham xitoyliklar ingliz tilini

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ingliz tilida gapiruvchilar xitoychani
o'rgangandan-da ko'proq o'rganishadi.

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Bilishimcha,

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hozir Xitoyda ta'lim faqat ingliz tilida
olib boriladigan

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o'nlab universitetlar bor.

17
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Ingliz tili dunyoni egallamoqda.

18
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Qo'shimcha qilib aytganda,

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tahmin qilinishicha, asr so'ngigacha

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hozirda mavjud deyarli barcha tillar —

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ular hozirda 6 000 ta —

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foydalanilmay qo'yiladi,

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shulardan bir necha yuztasi qoladi.

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So'ngida,

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biz hozir tezkor nutq tarjimasini nafaqat
amalga oshirsa bo'ladigan,

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balki, yildan-yilga yaxshilanib borayotgan
davrda yashayapmiz.

27
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Men sizga sabablarni keltirib o'taman.

28
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Biz yashayotgan paytda borgan sari

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"biz nega boshqa tillarni o'rganishimiz
kerak?

30
00:01:13,520 --> 00:01:17,056
Agar ular qaysidir xalqniki bo'lsa, ingliz
tilidan boshqasi bizga kerakmi?"

31
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kabi savollar beriladigan vaqtga
yaqinlashmoqdamiz.

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Borgan sari hamma bir tilda gaplasha
boshlayotgan bir vaqtda,

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nega kuch sarflab boshqa tilni
o'rganishimiz kerak?

34
00:01:30,560 --> 00:01:32,376
O'ylashimcha, bunga sabab ko'p.

35
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:34,736
Lekin oldin bir narsaga e'tiborimizni
qarataylik,

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menimcha siz buni bilsangiz ham kerak,

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lekin bu ma'lumotda ham bir hiyla bor:

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bu har xil tillarning leksikoni va

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grammatikasi insonning fikrlash
shaklini va yo'nalishini

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o'zgartira olishga qodirligi, va hattoki,
o'ziga xos bir

41
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astral holatidan chiqishga yordam
bera olishi

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haqidagi ma'lumot.

43
00:01:56,040 --> 00:02:00,256
Bu quvonarli ma'lumot,

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lekin unda bir muammo bor.

45
00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:05,056
Bu ma'lumotni inkor etolmaymiz.

46
00:02:05,080 --> 00:02:08,895
Masalan, fransuz va ispan tillarida

47
00:02:08,919 --> 00:02:13,176
"stol" so'zi negadir jenskoy rodda:

48
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"la table", "la mesa".
Buni faqat qabul qilish kerak.

49
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Aniqlanishicha,

50
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agar bu tillarda gapiruvchilardan

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ularning fikricha, stol gapira olganida,
qanday ovozda

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gapirishi mumkinligi borasidagi savolga
ko'pchilikning

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00:02:27,880 --> 00:02:31,776
javoblariga ko'ra, fransuzlar va
ispanlar aytadiki,

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stol ayol ovozida, baland tonda

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gapirgan bo'lar edi. Shu sabab,

56
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agar siz fransuz yoki ispan bo'lsangiz,
qaysidir ma'noda stol siz uchun —

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stol siz uchun —qiz bola, ingliz
bo'lganingizda esa aksincha bo'lar edi.

58
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Kimga bu kabi ma'lumotlar yoqmaydi?

59
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Shunday xulosa hosil bo'ladiki, agar siz

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bu tillardan birida muloqot qilsangiz,
siz dunyoni boshqacha ko'rasiz.

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00:02:54,600 --> 00:02:55,896
Lekin ehtiyot bo'lish kerak,

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chunki, o'ylab ko'ring, agar kimdir bizni
o'rganishni boshlasa,

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ingliz tilida go'daklikdan
gapiruvchilarni:

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inglizlar dunyoni qanday ko'radi?

65
00:03:06,760 --> 00:03:09,496
Keling, misol uchun ingliz tili ona tilisi
bo'lgan insonni olsak.

66
00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:12,816
Hozir siz Bononi ko'ryapsiz.

67
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U inglizcha gapiradi.

68
00:03:14,480 --> 00:03:17,416
Uning qandaydir o'z dunyoqarashi bor.

69
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Ekranda Donald Tramp.

70
00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:22,336
Unda ham o'ziga yarasha.

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U ham inglizcha gapiradi.

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(Kulgu)

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Mana miss Kardashyan,

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u ham shu tilda gapiradi.

75
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Xo'sh, bu yerda uchta ingliz tilida
muloqot qiluvchi inson.

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Ular dunyoni qanday ko'radi? 
Bu ularni qanday farqlaydi?

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Ingliz tilidagi qanday dunyoqarash
ularni birlashtiradi?

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Bu o'ziga xos muammoli g'oya.

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Ko'pchilik shunday xulosaga kelmoqdaki,
til fikrlarni shakllantiradi,

80
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lekin bu nozik va tushunarsiz psixologik
aspektlarda namoyon bo'ladi.

81
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Bu chet tili sizga boshqacha dunyoqarash
taqdim etadi degani emas.

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Shunday ekan,

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o'zi nega tillarni o'rganishimiz kerak?

84
00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:09,536
Agar bu sizning fikrlashingizni
o'zgartirmasa,

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00:04:09,560 --> 00:04:11,540
unda bunga qanday sabablar bor?

86
00:04:11,720 --> 00:04:13,280
Ular bir nechta.

87
00:04:13,600 --> 00:04:18,976
Birinchidan, siz qandaydir madaniyatni
o'rganmoqchi,

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o'zlashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, uning bir
qismi bo'lishni istasangiz,

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til bunda rol o'ynaydimi yo'qmi,

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jamiyatni o'rganish uchun,

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siz qaysidir bir darajada

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o'sha tildan foydalanishingizga,

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unda muloqot qilishingizga to'g'ri keladi.

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Boshqa yo'li yo'q.

95
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Qiziq bir misol bor.

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00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:43,656
Men hozir sal tushunarsiz gapiraman,
lekin siz mazmunini tushunishingiz kerak.

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00:04:43,680 --> 00:04:48,016
Kanadalik rejissyor Deni Arkan tomonidan 
suratga olingan bitta film bor.

98
00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:50,630
Ingliz tilida uning ismi "Dennis Arcand"
deb yoziladi,

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agar qidirishni xohlasangiz.

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U "Monreallik Iso" deb nomlanadigan 
film suratga olgan.

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Undagi ko'pchilik qahramonlar —

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chaqqon, tez, kulgili, qizg'in,
fransuzcha gapiruvchi, qiziqarli

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franko-kanadaliklar edi.

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00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:06,256
Yakuniga oz qolganda,
bitta sahna bor, unda ular

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do'stini hamma inglizcha gapiradigan
shifoxonaga oborishlari kerak bo'ladi.

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00:05:09,760 --> 00:05:11,856
U yerda ular shu tilde
gapirishlari kerak bo'ladi.

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Ular shunday qilishadi ham,
lekin bu ularning ona tili emas.

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Odatda ular unda gapirmaslikni
ma'qul ko'rishadi.

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00:05:16,776 --> 00:05:18,416
Va ular sekin gapirishadi,

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aksent bilan, oddiy so'zlar orqali.

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Hamma yoqtiradigan qahramonlar endi birdan

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o'zlarining oddiy, kulrang soyalariga
aylanishadi.

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00:05:27,280 --> 00:05:28,976
Jamiyatga sho'ng'ish va

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insonlarni bunday xira oyna orqali
tushunishga harakat qilish —

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ularni chindan tushuna olmaslikka
olib keladi.

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00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:38,736
Agar bor-yo'g'i bir necha yuzta til
qoladigan bo'lsa,

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ularni o'rganish uchun birinchi
sabab:

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ularning har biri — alohida chipta,

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u sizga biror bir tilda gapiruvchi
jamiyatning bir qismi

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bo'lishga yo'l ochadi, chunki u chinakam
kod vazifasini bajaradi.

121
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Bu birinchi sabab.

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Ikkinchi sabab:

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isbotlanganki, agar siz ikki xil tilda
gapirsangiz,

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demensiya kasalligiga chalinish
ehtimoli sizda ancha kam,

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va menimcha, siz bir vaqtning o'zida
nechta vazifani uddalay olasiz.

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Bu bolalikdan aniq bo'la boshlaydi,

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va siz endi tushunasiz,

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00:06:07,920 --> 00:06:12,456
farzandlaringizni qachonda til o'rganishga
yuborishingizni.

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00:06:12,480 --> 00:06:14,896
Bilingvizm sog'liq uchun foydali.

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Uchinchi sabab:

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chet tillari — judayam qiziq.

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00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:22,536
Bizga tushintirishlaridan ko'p marta
qiziqarliroq.

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Masalan, arab tilida "kataba" — "u yozdi",

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00:06:25,880 --> 00:06:29,096
"yaktubu" — "u yozayapti".

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00:06:29,120 --> 00:06:32,136
"Uktub" — "yozing", buyruq so'z.

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00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:34,056
Bu soz'larda qanday umumiylik bor?

137
00:06:34,080 --> 00:06:36,176
Hammasida bir xil undoshlar,

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va ular so'zning markazida, xuddi
ustundek.

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00:06:39,760 --> 00:06:41,216
Ular joyida qoladi,

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00:06:41,240 --> 00:06:44,376
unlilar esa ular atrofida raqsga
tushmoqda.

141
00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:47,576
Kimga bu so'zlar orqali til o'rganish
yoqmaydi?

142
00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:49,016
Ivritda ham shunday,

143
00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:52,696
Efiopiya davlat tili — amxarchada ham.

144
00:06:52,720 --> 00:06:54,136
Bu juda qiziqarli.

145
00:06:54,160 --> 00:06:57,576
Yana har tilda har xil so'z
joylashuvi bor.

146
00:06:57,600 --> 00:06:59,816
So'zlarni boshqa tartibda qo'yib
gapirishni

147
00:06:59,840 --> 00:07:03,840
o'rganish, bu xuddi chap tarafga
harakatlanadigan mamlakatda mashina

148
00:07:03,840 --> 00:07:04,840
haydashdek gap,

149
00:07:04,840 --> 00:07:09,336
yoki ko'zga gamamelis ekstraktli
suyuqlikni tomizgandan keyin paydo

150
00:07:09,360 --> 00:07:11,016
bo'ladigan hissiyotga
o'xshaydi.

151
00:07:11,016 --> 00:07:11,921
Chet tili sizni shunday bir boshqacha
tuyg'ularni his

152
00:07:12,826 --> 00:07:13,826
qilishga majbur qila oladi.

153
00:07:13,826 --> 00:07:14,536
Masalan,

154
00:07:14,560 --> 00:07:16,576
"Shlyapa kiygan mushukning qaytishi" —

155
00:07:16,600 --> 00:07:19,096
ko'pchiligimiz sevib o'qigan, va yana
takror o'qiydigan kitob,

156
00:07:19,120 --> 00:07:20,376
xuddi "Mobi Dik" kabi.

157
00:07:20,400 --> 00:07:25,496
U yerda shunday so'zlar bor: "Bilasanmi,
uni qayerdan topib oldim?

158
00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:28,176
U nimagadir yuvinishga kirib ketdi.
Vannada o'tirib pirog yerdi.

159
00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:29,416
Xa. U qila oldi."

160
00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:31,776
Agar siz buni xitoycha variantini
o'qisangiz,

161
00:07:31,800 --> 00:07:33,206
quyidagini eslab qoling:

162
00:07:33,206 --> 00:07:35,336
"Uni qayerdan topganimni topa olasanmi?

163
00:07:35,360 --> 00:07:37,176
U chala yeyilgan tortda yuvinayotgan edi.

164
00:07:37,200 --> 00:07:39,016
Shubhasiz, tortni u ishtaha bilan
yeyayotgandi!"

165
00:07:39,040 --> 00:07:40,256
Bu menga yoqadi.

166
00:07:40,280 --> 00:07:44,576
Tasavvur qiling, til o'rganish bilan
yillab shug'ullana olasiz.

167
00:07:44,600 --> 00:07:48,936
Siz qachondir kxmer tilini o'rganganmisiz?

168
00:07:48,960 --> 00:07:51,976
Men ham yo'q. Lekin agar o'rganganimda
edi,

169
00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:56,616
men og'zimda 13 ta undosh harfni emas,

170
00:07:56,640 --> 00:07:57,896
ingliz tilida bo'lganidek,

171
00:07:57,920 --> 00:08:00,936
balki kambodjaliklar tilida jaranglaydigan

172
00:08:00,960 --> 00:08:04,856
30 ta undosh harfni his qilgan bo'lardim,

173
00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:07,216
xuddi arilarga o'xshab.

174
00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:10,220
Mana sizga nima bera oladi chet tillari.

175
00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:11,696
Undan tashqari,

176
00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:15,656
hozirda chet tillarini o'rganish har
qachongidan-da oson.

177
00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:18,006
Oldinlari darslarga borish kerak bo'lardi,

178
00:08:18,006 --> 00:08:20,156
u yerda qandaydir bir o'qituvchi
o'tirardi,

179
00:08:20,156 --> 00:08:21,896
zo'r o'qituvchi, — lekin u yerda

180
00:08:21,896 --> 00:08:24,016
u ma'lum bir paytda bo'lardi va uning
oldiga

181
00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:25,546
aynan shu payt borish kerak bo'lardi.

182
00:08:25,546 --> 00:08:27,266
Darslar esa unchalik tez bo'lavermasdi.

183
00:08:27,266 --> 00:08:28,884
Siz darslarga qatnashishga majbur edingiz.

184
00:08:28,884 --> 00:08:31,736
Agar bunday imkoniyat bo'lmasa, sizga
plastinka asqotardi.

185
00:08:31,760 --> 00:08:33,456
Men buning ustasi edim.

186
00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:36,176
Plastinkalar, kassetalar, xattoki CD-disc
deb ataluvchi

187
00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:37,456
eskicha bir uskuna,

188
00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:39,816
unda ma'lumotlar chegaralangan edi.

189
00:08:39,840 --> 00:08:42,456
Ulardan tashqari, kitoblar bor edi — 
foydasiz kitoblar.

190
00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:43,856
Hammasi shunday edi.

191
00:08:43,880 --> 00:08:46,776
Bugun esa bir joyga o'rnashib olib,

192
00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:49,256
masalan, mehmonxona polida,

193
00:08:49,280 --> 00:08:50,496
burbon ichgan holda,

194
00:08:50,520 --> 00:08:53,296
mustaqil ravishda xohlagan bir tilni
o'rganish mumkin,

195
00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:55,790
Rosetta Stone kabi ajoyib dasturlar
yordamida.

196
00:08:55,790 --> 00:08:59,136
Yana men Glossika deb nomlanadigan bitta
kursni maslahat beraman.

197
00:08:59,136 --> 00:09:00,546
Istalgan bir vaqtda,

198
00:09:00,546 --> 00:09:03,400
xohlaganingizcha o'rganishingiz mumkin.
Siz ertalablari chet

199
00:09:03,480 --> 00:09:06,320
tillariga bog'liq
bo'lgan nimadir bilan o'zingizni hursand

200
00:09:06,320 --> 00:09:07,320
qilishingiz mumkin,

201
00:09:07,320 --> 00:09:09,070
bu sizga qobiliyatingizni yanada
oshirishga yordam beradi.

202
00:09:09,070 --> 00:09:11,080
Men har kuni ertalab "Dilbert"
komikslarini o'qiyman,

203
00:09:11,080 --> 00:09:12,736
har xil tillarda.

204
00:09:12,760 --> 00:09:14,616
20 yil oldin buning iloji yo'q edi.

205
00:09:14,640 --> 00:09:18,176
Til o'rganish materiallarining

206
00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:19,776
hammasi cho'ntagimizga sig'ishi,

207
00:09:19,800 --> 00:09:21,296
ya'ni telefonimizga,

208
00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:25,390
xattoki rivojlangan insonlar uchun ham
fantastikadek ko'rinardi.

209
00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:28,336
Shuning uchun ham men sizlarga

210
00:09:28,360 --> 00:09:32,336
tillarni o'rganishingizni maslahat 
beraman, chunki buning uchun

211
00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:35,536
hozirgidek imkoniyatlar hech
qachon bo'lmagan.

212
00:09:35,560 --> 00:09:37,056
Bu judayam qiziqarli.

213
00:09:37,080 --> 00:09:38,896
Bu balki fikrlashingizni o'rgartirmas,

214
00:09:38,920 --> 00:09:42,096
lekin bu sizni hayratlantirishi aniq.

215
00:09:42,120 --> 00:09:43,336
Katta rahmat.

216
00:09:43,360 --> 00:09:45,430
(Qarsaklar)